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被动语态公开课-(经典之作)教学文案

被动语态公开课-(经

典之作)

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动词被动语态经典例题经典

动词被动语态经典例题经典一、动词被动语态 1．—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike! —Sorry, Mum. It yesterday. I forgot to do it. A. didn't clean B. isn't cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn't cleaned 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——哦，你的房间是太脏了，Mike！——对不起，妈妈。昨天房间没有打扫，我忘记了。it代指room，是动作clean的承受者，所以用被动语态，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were+动词过去分词，主语是it，所以用was，clean的过去分词是cleaned，根据 I forgot to do it.可知没有打扫房间，所以用wasn't，故选D。【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态，注意平时识记，理解句意。 2．To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _________ into the river. A. needn't be thrown B. can't thrown C. mustn't be thrown D. may not thrown 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】为了使我们的城市更美丽，禁止往河里扔垃圾。根据语境，本句的主语是动作的承受者，应用被动语态。另外，表示禁止、不允许应用mustn’t。故选C。 3． ________of the relaxing time for Chinese people every day ________in watching TV. A. Two thirds; are spent B. Two thirds; is spent C. Two third; are spent D. Two third; is spent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意为：中国人每天有2/3的休闲时间花在看电视上。英语中分数的表达为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，序数词应加s。由于本句主语是“time（时间）”，是动作的承受者，应用被动语态，故选B。【点评】考查序数词及被动语态。 4．Teenagers should ________ to take care of themselves from a young age. A. educate B. be educating C. have educated D. be educated 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:我们应该从小时候就开始教育年轻人照顾自己。结合语境可知本句主语是动作对象，故用被动语态。选D。 5．A lot of trees around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now.

初中被动语态详细讲解.

语法专练---被动语态一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made by them in the factory. 歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。五、含有情态动词的被动语态

动词被动语态练习题(含答案)经典

动词被动语态练习题(含答案)经典一、动词被动语态 1．These cakes_________ with chocolate. Have one, please. A. fill B. filled C. are filled D. were filled 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：这些蛋糕里装满了巧克力。请吃一个。根据cakes与fill之间是被动关系，要有被动语态；由下句 Have one, please.可知上句要用一般现在时，要用一般现在时的被动语态，am/is/are+过去分词。主语cakes，复数，要用are，fill的过去分词filled，故选C。【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语与谓语动词之间的关系确定语态，同时根据语境确定时态。 2．Dr Bethune ________ still________ in both China and Canada today. A. is; remembered B. is; remembering C. will; remember D. has; remembered 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：如今白求恩医生仍然被中国和加拿大的人民记着。Dr Bethune是remember的承受者，故使用被动语态，又因句中有时间状语today（今天），故使用一般现在时被动语态，故选A。【点评】考查一般现在时被动语态。根据时间状语，动词和主语的关系确定正确选项。 3．—Wow! You have a ticket to Xijiang! —It by my uncle. He is working in Xijiang. A. is bought B. was bought C. has bought D. had bought 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:一一哇，你有一张去西江的票，一一是我舅舅买的，他在西江工作。根据句意，票现在已经在这儿，说明买票是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时态。主语it（指票）是谓语动词buy的承受者，用被动语态，故选B。 4．A cook will lose his job if he to smoke in the kitchen. A. finds B. found C. is found 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:如果发现厨师在厨房里抽烟，他会失去他的工作。从语境来看，是“发现他”，故用被动语态。选C。及物动词逻辑上的主语作主语时，用主动语态;及物动词逻辑上的宾语做主语时，用被动语态。 5．—Why are you leaving your job? —I can't stand it any longer. I always ____ to work overtime.

被动语态详细讲解(基础讲解)上课讲义

被动语态详细讲解(基础讲解)

被动语态一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

【英语】高三英语被动语态试题经典及解析

【英语】高三英语被动语态试题经典及解析一、单项选择被动语态 1．Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment. A．had made B．have made C．were made D．have been made 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态，efforts是句子主语，复数形式，和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态，故答案为D。 2．—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A．serve B．is serving C．is being served D．has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。 3．Many subway stations, including the one near our school, ________ at present for a better transport in the city. A．are constructing B．are being constructed C．is constructing D．is being constructed 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：许多地铁站，包括我们学校附近的地铁站，目前正在建设中，以便有更便利的交通。此处表示动作正在进行，句中主语Many subway stations和动词construct是被动关系，所以此处用现在进行时的被动，与主语一致，故选B. 【点睛】现在进行时的被动结构：be + being+过去分词 A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad.一批东风卡车正被运往国外。 1）“be being done” 中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。 2）将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是：把be doing变为be being done. 例1. The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The classroom is being cleaned now. 现在学生们正在打扫教室。 (are cleaning变为is being cleaned) 例2. The boy is counting some sheep. →Some sheep are being counte d. 那男孩正在数羊。 (is counting 变为 are being counted)

英语动词被动语态试题经典及解析

英语动词被动语态试题经典及解析一、动词被动语态 1．After Nanjing Youth Olympic Games Park ________, it will become a new tourist attraction. A. completed B. has completed C. is completed D. was completed 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：在南京青少年运动会公园完工之后，它会成为一个新的旅游景点。当主句描述将来动作时，英语条件状语从句中用一般现在时态表示将来动作，从句主语是动作对象，故用被动语态。结合语境可知选C。【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态，反之如果是动宾关系，则用被动语态，尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。 2．Over $30,000 ______ for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago. A. is raised B. was raised C. will be raised D. has been raised 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:几个月以前，一个英国女孩为一所儿童医院筹集了三万多美元。ago 多久以前，过去的时间，根据several months ago可知用一般过去时态;主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。所以选择一般过去时态的被动结构，故选B。 3．—Why did you leave that position? —I ______a better position in another factory. A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——你为什么离开那个职位？——另一家工厂给我提供了更好的工作。根据助动词did，可知是一般过去时描述过去，offer和主语I是被动关系，故是一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。【点评】考查时态和语态，注意一般过去时的被动语态的用法。

被动语态练习题答案

passive voice Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: 1．We often use a recorder in our English class. 2．They will show a new film next week. 3．When did they build the house? 4．I saw the boy enter the room. 5．Will they show a new film next week? 6．Have they posted the letter yet? 7．We often see him help his classmate. 8．You must turn off the light before you go to be.d 9．Who is repairing the bike? 10．The student should learn all the texts by heart. Ⅱ.选择填空: 1.The reading room ________ yesterday afternoon. A. cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned 2.The workers were made ________ ten hours a day. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 3.Food ________ in a cool place in summer. A. must keep B. mustn’t keep C. must be kept D. mustn’t be kept 4.His father ________ to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago. A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. has been sent 5.The pen ________ well. A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing 6.Great changes ________ in the town since 1988. A. have taken place B. have been taken place C. has taken place D. has been taken place

初三被动语态详细讲解

初三英语被动语态练习（2016.10.23）语法专练---被动语态一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people.

高中英语被动语态经典习题(含答案)

高中英语被动语态经典习题(含答案) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.” A．could have been rewarded B．must have been rewarded C．should be rewarded D．need have been rewarded 【答案】A 【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予；B. must have been rewarded一定被授予；C. should be rewarded应该被授予；D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境，A选项正确。【点睛】 could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为“可能（已经)”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。 2．Her own story ________ and this book is expected to come out next week. A．had been written B．has been written C．had written D．has written 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她自己的故事已经被写出来了，这部书有望下周出版。由句意可知，应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故选Ｂ。 3．Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos ______ then. A．will take B．will be taken C．have taken D．have been taken 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：请在星期一穿上你最好的衣服，因为那时你们班将拍照。根据语境可知，动作发生在将来，并且是被动，故用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选B。 4．When I got to his house, I found that the walls _____ . A．are being painted B．are painting C．were being painted D．were painting 【答案】C

初中被动语态详细讲解上课讲义

初中被动语态详细讲解

(英语)高考英语被动语态试题经典含解析

（英语）高考英语被动语态试题经典含解析一、单项选择被动语态 1．— Did he decide to take part in the competition? — Yes, of course. He _____ to. A．has been encouraging B．had been encouraged C．has been encouraged D．was to be encouraged 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——他决定参加比赛吗？——是的，当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。根据he和动词encourage之间的逻辑关系分析，此处应该使用被动形式，故先排除A 项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析，此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。故选B。 2．Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well-educated. A．belonging B．belongs C．is belonging D．is belonged 【答案】B 【解析】考查短语：belong to 属于，没有进行时态没有被动语态。故答案选B。 3．I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time. A．won't be seen B．wasn't seen C．hasn't been seen D．hadn't been seen 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning可知这是过去的事情；再根据for a long time可知此空是更靠前的动作，且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去完成时态，故选D。 4．Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _______ properly in this hospital. A．can be the patients treated B．the patients can be treated C．can the patients be treated D．treated can be the patients 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：考查部分倒装。句意为：只有增加50%的医生，这个医院的病人才能得到恰当的医治。“only＋状语”放于句首时句子须用部分倒装，故选C项。考点 : 考查部分倒装

(完整)初中英语被动语态讲解.docx

初中英语被动语态讲解英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。一、被动语态的构成英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致，态的变化。例如：The man was fooled by the two boys.The book has been translated into several languages. 二、被动语态的用法（ 1）动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如：并有时 Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.The new test book will be used next term. （ 2）当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如： This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday. （ 3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或 for。例如： The pianist gave the pupils( 间接宾语 )some advice(直接宾语 ) →The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. → Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist. (4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch 、hear、feel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。例如： The boss made them work ten hours a day.→They were made to work ten hours a day. A boy saw him enter the house.→ He was seen to enter the house. 三、被动语态的时态初中英语教材中出现了五种时态的被动语态及带有情态动词的被动语态。一般现在时构成：助动词be + 动词的过去分词例如： This kind of car is made in shanghai. 一般过去时构成：助动词was/were + 动词的过去分词例如： The bridge was built in 1992. 现在进行时构成： be + being + 动词的过去分词例如： A new bridge is being built in my hometown. 过去进行时构成： was/were + being +动词的过去分词一般将来时构成： will/be going to do + be + 动词的过去分词例如： These books are going to be posted tomorrow. 过去将来时构成： would/was(were )going to do + be + 动词的过去分词现在完成时构成：助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词例如： Has his work been finished? 过去完成时构成：助动词had + been + 动词的过去分词带有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 动词的过去分词例如：Can this walkman be repaired here? 主动语态改为被动语态的步骤： ①主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语； ②主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态； ③主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中by 的宾语。主动语态句中的谓语动词带有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语时，转换方法有两种： ①把间接宾语转化为主语，保留直接宾语 ②把直接宾语转化为主语，保留间接宾语。此时，一般需在间接宾语前加适当的介词（通常是介词在短语 see sb. do sth. 中，动词 see 后跟不带to 的不定式作宾补。改为被动语态时要加上一般是表示知觉的动词如see, hear,watch,find 等，以及使役动词make, let 等。第三节巩固练习 for 或 to)。 to。用于这一结构的谓语动词 Ⅰ .把下列主动语态改为被动语态: 1、 We often use a recorder in our English class. 2、 They will show a new film next week. 3、 When did they build the house? 4、 I saw the boy enter the room. 5、 Will they show a new film next week?

新初中英语语法知识—被动语态的经典测试题含答案(1)

一、选择题 1．We hope that more trees________in our city next year. A．plant B．were planted C．planted D．will be planted 2．Nick a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn't take it. A．is offered B．offered C．was offered D．has offered 3．His plays by millions of people. A．read B．will read C．are read D．is read 4．It's said that petrol(石油) _____________ in less than 100 years. So we should try to walk more instead of driving cars. A．used for B．will be used up C．used up D．will be used for 5．—Please look at the sign on the right! —Oh, smoking ________ here. A．isn’t allowed B．doesn’t allow C．didn’t allow D．wasn’t allowed 6．This special pen _________ for writing large size words. A．use B．uses C．is using D．is uesd 7．—Zheng Yuan, why did you go on a vacation to Weifang? — You know I'm a fan of kites. The international kite festival _____there in April every year. A．is held B．was held C．will be held 8．I won't leave my office until my work___________. A．finishes B．will finish C．is finished D．finishing 9．The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________. A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented 10．—The park is the oldest one in our city. —Yes. it _______ when I was sixteen years old. A．is built B．was built C．build D．built 11．Young trees ________ every year to keep the sand away from the city and make the environment better and better. A．were planted B．have planted C．will plant D．are planted 12．My book ___________ here in two days through the EMS. A．are sent B．is sent C．will be sent D．will send 13．—Excuse me, sir, smoking ________ in the high-speed train. —Oh, I'm really sorry. I won’t do it anymore. A．isn’t allowed B．wasn’t allowed C．doesn’t allow D．won’t allow 14．This kind of iPad________ in our shop. It________very well and many young people like it. A．sells; sells B．is sold; sells C．sells; is sold D．is sold; is sold 15．（2017·河南·29）—Why are you leaving your job?

被动语态公开课-(经典之作)

讲义编号掌握八种基本时态的被动语态的构成及其基本用法。教学目标掌握带有情态动词的句子的被动语态。 1、英语中各种时态的被动语态形式重点、难点 2、主动形式表示被动意义的用法考点及考试要求主动形式表示被动意义的用法教学内容一、导入被动语态 (Passive Voice)与英语中的动词的时(Tense）、体 (Aspect）、态 (Voice)、式 ( Mood). 1、被动语态的概念及用法（1）概念：语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语中有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者（施动者），被动语态表示主语是谓语动词的承受者（受动者）或者说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的。例如： They plant flowers in the garden. （主动语态）主语谓语宾语状语 Flowers are planted by them in the garden. (被动语态 ) 主语谓语宾语状语（ 2）用法： ①不知道谁是动作的执行者( 即不知道谁做 ) 时用被动语态, 省略 by 短语。 ②不说或者众所周知是谁做时, 用被动语态 , 省略 by 短语。 ③强调动作的承受者, 句尾加 by 短语。（口诀：谁做动作不知道，说出谁做没必要，动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。） 2、被动语态的构成：“助动词 be+动词的过去分词”。助动词 be 随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。被动语态的各种时态形式如下：主动被动一般过去时一般现在时一般将来时一般过去将来

现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时（口诀：被动语态 be 字变，过去分词跟后面。） 3. 主动语态和被动语态的转换：（ 1）主动语态变被动语态（一般情况）：把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾格变成主格。谓语动词变为被动结构（ be+过去分词）。主动语态中的主语放在介词 b y 后做宾语，主格变为宾格。（口诀 : 宾变主，主变宾， by 短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动， be 后“过分”来使用）。例如： He mended the bike yesterday. （主动语态）主语谓语宾语 The bike was mended by him yesterday. （被动语态）主语谓语宾语（ 2）情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句，由“情态动词 +be+过去分词”构成。（注意：原来带 to 的情态动词变被动语态后，仍然保留。）例如： We have to look after the dog . (主动语态 ) 主语谓语宾语 The dog has to be looked after by us. (被动语态 ) 主语谓语宾语 (3) 含有宾语补足语的被动语态：含有宾语补足语的句子，宾语变成主语后，宾语补足语改为主语补足语。例如： We keep food cold in the fridge. 主语谓语宾语宾补 The food is kept cold in the fridge by us. 主语谓语主补宾语（注意：有些动词或动词词组在主动语态中用不带 to 的不定式作补足语，但在被动语态中要加上 , 这些动词 to 是“ 5 看 3 使 2 听 1 感觉”：） look at, see, watch, notice, observe; make, let, have; listen to, hear; feel 例如： .( 主动 ) I heard someone come up the stairs . （被动） Someone was heard to come up the stairs （ 4）带双宾语的动词，如 give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, sell, buy, ask, pay, borrow, lend, hand, offer, provide, past, get, promise 等，变成被动语态时有两种方法：例如： I have given him the book.