自考英语二复习资料汇总总结

重点单词扩充讲解：

1. organizational: a 组织上的

由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织；organization: n 组织；organizer: n 组织者

请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空：

1). Last week, our school __organized_____ a spring outing.

2). The task calls for the highest _organizational_ skill.

3). China has joined World Trade _organization_________.

4). He is the ____organizer______ of the speech contest.

Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer

2. objective: n 目标； a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的

3. predict: v 预言、预示；

由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言；predictable:

a 可预测的；predictor: n 预言家

4. simplify: v 简化

由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的；simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地；simplification: n 简化；simplified: a 被简

Exercises for the above words:

1). The machine is simple_____ in operation but complex in structure.

2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while __simplified__ edition is quite easy.

3). There is no point in arguing about it, becau se it is __simply_____ a question of procedure.

4). The _simplification_____ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor.

Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification

5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于…，tend to do sth

e.g. old people have the tendency of getting fatter.

Or old people tend to get fatter.

6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的；

由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营；management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者；manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。

7. argue: v 争辩、争论，常用固定搭配：argu with sb about/over sth由于某事而同某人争论；argue sb into doing sth说服某人做某事；argue sb out of doing sth说服某人不

要做某事。

e.g. 1>. The young couple always argue with each other over their child”s education.

2>. I argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.旅行

8. define: v 给…下定义；definition: n 定义

9. profitability: n 赚钱，获利

由此我们可以联想到：profit: n 利润；profitable: a 有利可图的, 有好处的；

profitless: a 没有利润的。

1). He has made a _profit____ from running a small restaurant.

2). The deal was __profitable____ to all of us.

3). They valued profitability_______ differently, which led to disagreement as to the correctness of decision.

Answer: profit, profitable; profitability.

10. correctness: n 正确性；字根：correct: a 正确的；v 纠正，correction: n 纠正；incorrect: a 不正确的。

11. unintended: a 非计划中的，

由此我们可以联想到：intend: v 打算，计划；intention: n ；intended: a 计划中的

重点单词、词组详讲

1. interview: n/v 采访、面试；interviewer: n 采访者；interviewee: n 被采访者

e.g. 1>. Who's the most famous person you've ever interviewed on TV?

2>. In a TV interview last night, she denied she had any intention of resigning.

2. criticism: n 批评，评论；criticize: v 批评；critical:

a 批评的、挑剔的、关键的；critic: n 评论家, 请填填看。

1> He is a literary ___ critic ___.

2> We are at a _____ critical __time in our history.

3> He can't take __ criticism _____.

4> The boy was __ criticized ____ by his father for being late for school.

Answers: critic, critical, criticism, criticized

3. indifference: n 冷漠、漠不关心；indifferent: a 冷漠的，反义词：enthusiastic: 热情的cf: different: a 不同的，名词：difference; 反义词：same.

4. inefficiency: n 无效，由此联想得到：

efficient: a 高效率的；efficiency: n inefficient: a 低效率的

5. conservative: a 保守的、保存的；conserve: v 保存；

蜜饯conservation: n

6. apply to sb for sth: 向某人申请某物

e.g. The student applied to the embassy for a visa.

7. take the trouble to do sth: 不辞劳苦、费力地做某事

e.g. If you took the trouble to listen to what I was saying, you'd know what I was talking about.

8. put oneself in somebody's place: 设身处地…

If you put yourself in your mother's place, you will understand why she is so worried about you.

9. in hand: 手头上有，进行中

I've got enough money in hand to buy a new car.

10. turn down: 调小，降低，拒绝

Turn down the TV, for the baby is sleeping.

He turned down the job because the pay isn't good enough.

Learn new words and phrases

1. astronomer: n 天文学家；astronomy: n 天文学

2.explode: v 爆炸,由此联想：explosive: a 爆炸性的/n 炸药；explosion: n 爆炸

1). When the bomb__exploded____, many people were seriously wounded.

2). The unexpected _explosion_______ frightened the little girl.

3). It might be possible to convert _ explosive____ energy into heat.

Answers: exploded, explosion, explosive

3. density: n 密度；联想产生：dense: a 密度大的，反义词：sparse;

densely: ad高密度地；densely-populated人口稠密的；sparsely-populated人口稀疏的

1). The _dense___ fog kept the travelers from finding the correct direction.

2). The business area of the city is _densely____ populated.

3). This liquid has a much greater _density___ than water.

Answers: dense, densely, density

4. shrink: v 收缩、退缩、缩水

1). As a result of careless washing, the jacket has shrunk to a child's size.

2).The girl shrinks at the sight of blood.

5. measurement: n 衡量、测量；

由此联想：measure: n措施/v 衡量、测量；measurable: a 可衡量的，可测量的

1). We must take _measure____ to protect our environment.

2). We have come within __measurable____ distance of success.

3). Clocks give us a __measurement____ of time.

4). There the rainfall is __measured____ not in inches but in feet.

Answers: measures, measurable, measurement, measured

6.implication: n 含义、暗示；imply: v 暗示

7. basis: n 基础、根据，

由此可以联想得到：base: n 底部；v 以…为底，为根据；basic: a 基础的，根本的；

basically: ad 根本上来说,

1). If you want to improve your English, you must have a solid _basis_____.

2). The furniture of out dorm is really _basic____: two beds, two chairs and tables.

3). The charges are false for they are not _basically_____ on proven facts.

4). Since no better plan can be worked out, we have to adopt the _based___ workable one.

Answers: basis, basic, based, basically

8. observatory: n 天文台；由此可以联想得到：

observe: v 观察；observation: n 观察；observer: n 观察家

9. convincing: a 有说服力的，使人信服的；convince: v 使人信服；convinced: a 感到有说服力的，常见搭配：convince sb of sth; convince sb that

1). He gave us a convincing speech.

2). He convinced me of his sincerity.

10. operate: v 运转、操作、动手术；operation : n 手术，操作；operator: 操作者

11. research into对…进行研究

She is researching into possible cures for AIDS.

12. swallow up: 吞没、耗尽

Many small businesses have been swallowed up by large companies.

13. apply to sb/sth：适用于某人/某事，请对比：

apply to sb for sth向某人申请某事；apply A to B将A 应用于B

1). You should apply what you have learned to your work.

2). I applied to him for a new job.

3). The study method doesn't apply to everyone

Learn new words and phrases

1. revolve: v 旋转，常见搭配关系为：revolve around sb/sth围绕…转。

She spends all of her time revolving around her family.

The earth revolves around the sun.

2. solar: a 太阳的，日光的

solar energy太阳能；solar system太阳系；solar month 阳历月

3. concerned: a 有关的、担心的

Her job is something concerned with computer.

He is concerned about the result of the exam.

4. colored: a 有色的，对比；colorful: a 丰富多彩的

I like orange-colored coat.

Everybody likes colorful life.

5. religion: n 宗教，religious: a 虔诚的；

请对比：region: n 地区；regional: a 地区的

6. circumstance: n 情况、境遇；

Under no circumstances can we waste time.

7. a great many = a number of = many很多，修饰复数名词。而a great deal of + u.n

A great many students are absent today.

I have wasted a great deal of time.

8. above all: 首先、首要

After the war, he longed above all to see his wife and family.

9. as a rule: 通常、一般而言

As a rule, I only watch sports news.

Learn new words and phrases

1. weaken: v 削弱、减弱，字根：weak: a 虚弱的

构词形式：adj/n + en或en + adj/n = v

Shorten, enlarge, enable, enrich, loosen, tighten etc.

2. nationwide: a 全国范围的，通过该词我们可以得到：worldwide:全世界范围的，region wide, etc.

3.legal: a 合法的，反义词：illegal,不合法的；legalize: v 使…合法化。

The Netherlands became the first country to legalize euthanasia.

4. ensure: v 确保、担保，常见用法如下：

1). The police can ensure the witness from danger.

2). We can ensure that the work will be done in the right way.

5. oppose: v 反对、对抗；名词：opposition , 形容词：opposed

1). What he said was totally opposed to the facts.

2). Many people oppose building a new highway because of the great cost.

6. tradition: n 传统，由此可以联想到：

traditional: a; traditionally: ad; 反义词为：modern

1). _____ Chinese medicine is believed to be effective for many diseases.

2). It's important to keep up the fine ____ of plain living and hard work.

3). Christmas is ____ a holiday for a family to get together.

Answers: Traditional, tradition, traditionally

7. consideration: n 考虑、体谅、照顾，由此可以联想到：

Consider: v 考虑；considerate: a 体谅的，be considerate of; considerable: a 相当多的。请练习一下：

1). Losing 30 pounds changed her appearance _____.

2). It is very ____ of you to send me a birthday card.

3). The matter is receiving the serious ____ of the manager.

4). He left behind him a ____ amount of debt.

Answers: considerably, considerate, consideration, considerable

8. disabled: a 残疾的，伤残的，由此可以联想到：

able: a 有能力的；be able to do sth; unable: a 没有能力的；enable: v 使人能够enable sb to do sth; ability: n 能力；disable: v 使人残疾

1). As long as they are physically ____, they tend to live on their own.

2). The _____ to be clearly heard is extremely important for any speaker.

3). I'd like to go to the cinema, but I'm _____ to.

4). Education should ____ every student to devel op morally, intellectually and physically.

5). A car accident ____ him from playing football.

6). Special care should be given to the ______.

Answers: able, ability, unable, enable, disabled(v), disabled(a)

9. prohibition: n 禁止、禁令，prohibit: v prohibit sb from doing sth;

10. sensitive: a 敏感的，be sensitive to sb/sth; 同根词：sensible: a 明智的，be sensible of sth

1). I am sensitive to your criticism.

2). It's sensible of you to make such a decision.

Learn new words and phrases

1．statistics: n 统计数字；keep statistics; statistical: a 统计的；statistician: n 统计员

2. diplomat: n 外交家，由此联想得到：

diplomacy: n 外交，外交手腕；diplomatic: a 外交的；请对比：diploma: 文凭

3. exploit: v 开发、开采、剥削，由此联想得到：

exploitable: a 可开发的；exploited: a 被开发的；exploitation : n

1). The workers in capitalist countries are cruelly exploited by the capitalists.

2). There are laws against the exploitation of child labor.

3). His highly exploitable talent can't create wealth f or society if he doesn't make great efforts.

4. abuse: v/n 滥用，如: abuse one's authority 滥用职权

5. execute: v 实行、执行，将…处死，由此联想得到：

executive: a执行的，决策权的，n 行政领导CEO=chief executive officer首席执行官；execution: n 执行、实行。

1). You shouldn't be slow in the _____ of your duties.

2). The soldiers ____ the captain's orders as soon as they received the call.

3). After the discussion of the ____ committee, the labor law was put into force in may, 1994.

Answers: execution, executed, executive

6. guilt: n 有罪、内疚；guilty: a 内疚的；guiltless: a 无罪的

7. employee: n 雇员；由此联想得到：

employ: v 雇佣；employment: n 雇佣；employed: a 被雇的，有工作的；unemployed: a 失业的；employer: n 雇主

1). The police ______ force to break up the crowd.

2). Many ____ were thrown out of job as a result.

3). Business activities were greatly reduced and almost 60% of the workers were out of ______.

4). During the Depression, many workers were ______.

Answers: employed, employees, employment, unemployed

8. immigrant: a 移民的，n 移民；immigrate: v ; immigration: n

1). During the gold rush, California attracted many immigrants from other states.

2). Many Italians immigrated to the United States and Canada.

3). In the 1980s, a law against the immigration of Asian peoples was put into practice.

9. deport: v 驱逐出境，由此联想得到：

port: 港口；import:进口；export:出口；airport:空港；

passport:通行证，护照

10. be deserving of 值得、应得

His efforts are certainly deserving of praise.

New words from text B

11. deny : v 否认，拒绝接受，后接doing.

He denied lying to us.

12. ineffective: a无效的，反义词：effective.

13. watch over: 看护、看管。

They use specially trained dogs to watch over their sheep at night.

14. in unison: 一致地，协调地

They sang Happy Birthday to me in unison.

15. pay back: 偿还，报复，回报

1). If you lend me 50 Yuan, I will pay you back on Friday.

2). I'll pay him back for the trick he played on me.

Key words and phrases

1. musician : n 音乐家，与其同根的常见词汇：music : n 音乐；musical : a 音乐的，musically : adv 从音乐上来说的。Please do the exercises:

1). The ____ of the Beatles became very successful and

famous during the 1960s.

2). Although he was born in America, he could play many Chinese ____ instruments.

3). Folk music, the blues and rock'n'roll remained _____ and culturally distinct in the 1960s.

4). Bob Dylan, a famous folk ____ in America, was best known for his anti-war song.

Answers: music, musical, musically, musician

2. consciousness: n 意识、知觉，与其同根的常见词汇：conscious: a 有知觉的、有意识的= aware，反义词：unconscious = unaware; 副词：consciously, unconsciously。常用搭配：be aware/unaware of sth; be aware/unaware that.

1). I was ____ that I had made a mistake.

2). ____ did not return to the injured man for two hours.

3). When a person immigrates to a new country, he should ______ adapt himself to the new environment.

Answers: conscious, consciousness, consciously

3. originate: v 发源、发生,与其同根的常见词汇：origin : n 起源、发源；original : a 原始的，新颖的；n 原著、原稿，originality : n 创新、创造力

1). The use of steam originated many new reforms.

2). I wonder the origins of life on the earth.

3). The Indians were the original inhabitants of North America.

4). The quarrel originated in conflicts between the two families.

5). Her design is of great originality.

4. imitator: n 模仿者，联想：imitate: v 模仿；imitation : n 模仿

5. limitless : a 无限制的，与其同根的常见词汇：limit : n 极限，v 限定；limited ; a 有限的，limitation: n 局限

1). His knowledge about insurance is rather ______.

2). His energy seems to have no ____.

3). A wise man knows his ____.

4). In front of the ____ ocean, he found he was rather insignificant.

Answers: limited, limits, limitation, limitless.

6. penetrating: a 穿透的，贯穿的，动词：penetrate; 名词：penetration

7. participant: n 参加者，参与者，与其同根的常见词汇：participate: v, participation : n 固定搭配：participate in sth.

8. take over: 接管、接任、

When he retired, his son took over business from him.

9. take on : 担任，雇用

1). He has taken on a new job.

2). The employer takes on twenty more workers.

Text B:

10). composer: n 作曲家，动词compose，名词composition

11). inspire: v 鼓舞，产生灵感，inspiration : n 灵感

Genius is 1% of inspiration and 99% of hard work.

12. invariably: ad 不变地，同根词：variable: a 可变的；variety: n 各种各样，变化；vary : v 变化；various : a 各种各样的

13. sake : n 缘故；for the sake of sth为了…的缘故，好处

The company has decided for economy's sake to close down this department.

14. harmony : n 协调，harmonize: v使…和谐；harmonious : a 和谐的

15. in a sense: 从某种意义上说。

In a sense, you are right.

16. it goes without saying that不言而喻，理所当然

It goes without saying that you will be paid for the overtime work.

Key words and phrases

1. efficiency : n 效率，其他同根词：efficient: a 高效率的；inefficient: a 效率低的；inefficiency : n; effective: a 有效果的

1). He has done much to increase the ____ of English teaching.

2). She is very _____ in reducing waste.

3). His ____ study method caused his failure.

4). The city government took some _____ measures to reduce unemployment.

Answers: efficiency, efficient; inefficient, effective

2. increasingly: ad不断增加地，由此可以联想到：

increase：v 增加; increasing: a 不断增加的; decrease: v 减少；

1). Drinking and smoking among young people _____ to an alarming extent.

2). The truth is becoming ______ apparent.

3). The ____ friendly relations between the two countries strengthen the cultural exchanges between them.

3. prevalent: a 流行的，普通的= popular

4. calculator : n 计算者，计算器，calculate: v 计算；

calculation : n 计算; calculating: a 诡计多端的

5. expose: v 使暴露，揭露，揭发，exposure: n; expose sb to sth让某人接触。。。

6. completion: n 完成、结束，由此可以联想到：

complete: v完成，a 完整的，completeness: n 完整；incomplete: a 不完整的

1). He ____ denied the existence of god.

2). He has never ____ a project on time.

3). Money will be paid half in advance and half on _______.

4). When will the new railway ________?

7). intensity : n 强烈、剧烈，由此可以联想到：

intense = strong: a 强烈的, intensive: a 密集的，加强的；intensify: v 加强；intension: n 强烈、紧张。

1). We should ____ the struggle for peace.

2). There are few strong situations or moments of dramatic ______.

3). They have been receiving a four-day ____ training course.

4). They kept working in the ____ heat.

Answers: intensify, intensity, intensive, intense

8. defective : a 有缺点的，defect: n 缺点

自考英语二复习资料汇总总结

重点单词扩充讲解： 1. organizational: a 组织上的 由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织；organization: n 组织；organizer: n 组织者 请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空： 1). Last week, our school __organized_____ a spring outing. 2). The task calls for the highest _organizational_ skill. 3). China has joined World Trade _organization_________. 4). He is the ____organizer______ of the speech contest. Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer 2. objective: n 目标； a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的 3. predict: v 预言、预示； 由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言；predictable: a 可预测的；predictor: n 预言家 4. simplify: v 简化 由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的；simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地；simplification: n 简化；simplified: a 被简

Exercises for the above words: 1). The machine is simple_____ in operation but complex in structure. 2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while __simplified__ edition is quite easy. 3). There is no point in arguing about it, becau se it is __simply_____ a question of procedure. 4). The _simplification_____ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor. Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification 5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于…，tend to do sth e.g. old people have the tendency of getting fatter. Or old people tend to get fatter. 6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的； 由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营；management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者；manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。 7. argue: v 争辩、争论，常用固定搭配：argu with sb about/over sth由于某事而同某人争论；argue sb into doing sth说服某人做某事；argue sb out of doing sth说服某人不

中考政治知识点梳理宪法

2018年中考政治知识点梳理——宪法 宪法是治国安邦的总章程 1、为什么说宪法是国家的根本大法？ 答：（1）宪法规定国家生活中的最根本问题；（2）宪法具有最高的法律效力；（3）宪法的制定和修改程序比普通法律更严格。 2、宪法规定的内容主要有：国家的性质、根本任务、国家制度、社会制度、基本国策、公民的基本权利和义务、国家机关、国家标志（国旗、国徽、国歌、首都）等。 3、为什么说宪法具有最高的法律效力？ 答：（1）宪法是其他法律的立法基础，其他法律是宪法的具体化；（2）任何法律不得同宪法相抵触，否则无效。（3）它的制定和修改程序比其它法律更为严格。 4、为什么说宪法是最高的行为准则？ 答：（1）宪法是一切国家机关及其工作人员的最高行为准则；（权大没有法大）（2）宪法是一切团体和组织的最高行为准则；（3）宪法是全体公民的最高行为准则。 5、宪法是一切国家机关及其工作人员的最高行为准则的表现？ 答：（1）一切国家机关和国家工作人员不得做宪法禁止做的事；（2）国家机关和国家工作人员不得拒绝做宪法规定作的事；（3）国家机关和国家工作人员不得做宪法未授权的事。 6、有人认为中国共产党领导人民制定宪法和法律，它可以不受宪法的约束。这是错误的。（中国共产党为什么要以宪法作为最高行为准则？） 答：（1）我国宪法是中国共产党的基本方针、政策的法律化；（2）中国共产党是居于领导地位的执政党，它领导人民制定了宪法，就必须模范地遵守宪法，维护宪法的尊严；（3）体现人民意志的宪法得不到党的遵守，也会削弱人民对党的信任和拥护。因此任何团体和组织都必须模范遵守宪法，不得有超越宪法和法律的行为。 7、青少年应怎样增强宪法观念？ 答：（1）认真学习宪法，了解宪法的性质和基本内容；（2）在日常生活中养成遵守和维护宪法的习惯；（3）以各种形式向群众宣传宪法，并同违反宪法的行为作斗争，时时处处用实际行动捍卫宪法的尊严。 依法治国 8、依法治国的含义及要求。 答：依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方略。就是广大人民群众在党的领导下，依照宪法和法律的规定，通过各种途径和形式管理国家事务，管理经济文化事业，管理社会事务，保证国家各项工作都依法进行。它要求国家公职人员必须依法行政；公民要严格遵守法律。（依法治国的主体是广大人民群众） 9、依法治国的意义 答：（1）依法治国是进一步发展社会主义民主政治的基本要求；（2）是发展社会主义市场经济的客观需要；（3）是建设有中国特色社会主义文化的重要条件；（4）是实现国家长治久安的重要保障。 10、社会主义法制的基本要求：

自考本科英语二复习资料

自考“英语（二）”复习资料 第一单元 1.常考单词： goal，objective，accomplish，predict，accompany，implement，tendency，achievement，argue，budget，define，entity 2. 常考词组： in the way，in part，point of view，contribute to，to apply for，in hand，to turn down 3. 常考句子： 1）A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. 2）Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance. 3）If there is no choice，there is no decision to be made. 4）For managers every decision has constraints based on politics，procedures，laws，precedents and the like. 5）For example，managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion. 6）Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best - that is，which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals. 7）In the larger scheme of things，however，increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization. 8）Some of these objectives are more important than others，but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department. 第二单元 1.常考单词： escape，explode，collapse，shrink，gravity，measurement，basis，launch，convincing，companion，speculation，swallow，operate，to make use of，a great many，above all 2. 常考句子： 1）Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape. 2）The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point. 3）Some people think that the Start of Bethlehem could have been a supernova. 4）If a man fell into a black hole，he would think that he reached the center of it very quickly. 5）It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. 6）On the other hand，scientists have suggested that every advanced technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind. 第三单元 1.常考单词： weaken deteriorate debate legal request criterion ensure oppose tradition consideration disabled burden vulnerable prohibition sensitive 2. 常考词组： to debate on to make request for be opposed to to take … into account 3. 常考句子： 1）Affected with a serious disease，van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating. 2）Van Wendel's last three months of life before being given a final，lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands. 3）The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown，it starts a nationwide debate on the subject. 4）What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven't the right. 第四单元 1.常考单词： demestic statistics diplomat exploit campaign execute convict despite de serving shelf minimum status deport 2. 常考句子： 1）There are estimated to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain. 2）Of these 20，000，just under 2，000 are being exploited and abused by their employers. 3）The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicized cases. 4）A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder，despite protests form various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established. 5）She used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka. 6）Because she found it difficult to feed her four children，she accepted a job working as a domestic in London. 7）So if they do complain，they risk being deported. 第五单元 1.常考单词： Musician，rhythmic，distinct， consciousness，originate，readily， instrument，electronic，thereby， passive，participant 2. 常考词组： to take place to take over to take on in a sense at a stretch to serve as in advance for the sake of 3. 常考句子： 1）The new music was built out of materials already in existence. 2）Folk music，old and modern， was popular among college students. 3）They freely took over elements form jazz，from American country music. 4）With records at home， listeners imitated these lighting effects as best they could. 第六单元 1.常考单词： efficiency increasingly inst all personnel expose reduc tion completion specific s witch critical intensity s cale defective 2. 常考词组： in that in question plenty of 3. 常考句子： 1）Most of today's robots are employed in the automotive industry，where they are programmed to take over such jobs as welding and spray painting automobile and truck bodies. 2）Robots，already taking over human tasks in the automotive field are beginning to be seen，although

宪法知识点整理(1-6单元)

第一章宪法的概念与本质 一、宪法的概念 1、宪法两种意义上定义 形式意义上，专指以宪法名称命名的规范性文件，与内容无关。 实质意义上是从内容上来界定的。 （1）分成固有意义上的指规定国家统治之基本的法或者是根本法，任何涉及国家统治权力的基础和构造的法我们都可以看作固有意义上的宪法。 （2）立宪意义上的专指通过限制专断权力，以广泛保障基本人权的国家基本法。 两个要点：产生的时间是近代意义上的；把个人看作是最重要的，国家必须为个人而存在，保护个人应有的尊严和自由。 二、宪法姓公还是姓私-宪法的属性 五种标准： 按规范性质 按照权力关系 按照利益性质 按照主体 按照法律关系：就是按照所调整的法律关系的性质来划分公法。处理公权力之间的关系或者公权力与私主体之间关系的法就是公法。调整私人之间关系的法律就是私法。 宪法调整的法律关系主要有两方面： 一方面主要是国家公权力和个人私权利之间的关系，即个人和国家之间的关系。 另一方面宪法还处理国家权力内部的关系，主要是处理国家公共权力。 所以依据法律关系来看，宪法是公法。 三、宪法是母法——宪法的地位 宪法地位的三特点： 1、宪法规定了一个国家最具有根本性的问题。 2、宪法有着更为严格的制定和修改程序。 3、是宪法具有最高的法的效力。 （1）宪法是普通法律制定的基础和依据。（2）与宪法相抵触的法律无效。 四、宪法究竟是什么——宪法的本质 1、宪法是赋予国家存在以基础的基本法。 2、宪法是人的尊严和基本权利的基础法。 3、宪法既是一种授权规范，也是一种限权规范的统一体。 五、宪法的特征 宪法除了具有普通法律的规范性、普适性、公共性等基本特征之外，宪法还有着与普通法律不同的特征。 1.宪法是授权性的 宪法首先是一部保障权利的法，这是宪法和普通法律之间最大的区别。 普通法律的特点是其义务性。 宪法就是为了防止法律对公民自由的过分控制， 宪法就是控制法律的法律。

自考英语二复习详细计划.doc

自考英语二复习计划 为便于同学们更好地进行复习，并在考试中取得好成绩，我为你搜集了，希望可以帮助到你。 课本知识学扎实 备考英语(二)最大的资本就是课本，考生最少要留一个月时间，把课文从头到尾复习一遍，力求吃透课本知识。1个月复习时间比较紧张，基础不好的考生还要多下功夫。课本学习重点是A课文，也不能放弃B课文，但如果时间紧，首先要保证A课文的学习，包括A课文后面的练习题都要认真做，因为A课文大约要占到80%的比重。在历年10月份英语(二)考试中看，从书中出题的比例很大，甚至最后一道英译汉也是从课文中选取的。如果时间允许，要先复习英语(一)，复习的策略是把考试大纲规定的单词背好，涉及到英语(一)的基础语法弄懂，课文就可以不。 单词背诵要贯穿始终，每天都要坚持背点，多重复，多回头看，多比较，可以采用联想、口诀、拆分等方法来记忆单词，日积月累才会收到良好效果。单词背诵主要以考试大纲为蓝本。可以把单词分为会拼、会用、会认三个层次，考拼写的一般不会太难，基本上中等难度，尤其字母和读音不太对称的喜欢考。词组一般要会用，剩下大部分单词会认就行。当然，每个单词都达到会拼会用就更好了。 如果考生有时间，报个fudao班跟着老师复习可能会更系统些，但要注意选择权威的辅导班。考生也可xuan权威的guang盘在家复习。

多做真题善积累 第二个月复习重点是做题，做题要选择英语(二)历年真题。因为真题的含金量最大，考生可以通过历年真题了解到考试重点和题型分布。对于以前做过的题目，不妨回头再做，有的题隔一段时间再做，可以加强复习效果。对于像完型填空、阅读理解等和书上内容无关的题型，只有多做练习才能提高成绩。 考生还可以留两套最新的真题到临近考试时测试用。在做题过程中，如果发现不懂的地方，要及时翻书，再把知识点夯实。 在做真题的同时，还要选择一些适合的模拟题来做。模拟题一定要找适合自考水平的题，如果选择太难或太易的题，对于英语(二)考试没有太大的作用。通过做题要掌握解题技巧，摸清出题思路，达到熟能生巧。 考生平时还要注意多积累课本以外的知识，这对提高阅读理解解题能力有较大帮助。例如，考生如果有时间就要多看看与自考难易程度相当的文章。不能选择四、六级、考、托福等考试的阅读来做，难度大会打击考生信心，可以看些《大学英语》、《英语sha龙》等有英汉对照的刊物来看。还有阅读的题材，在英语(二)中，阅读理解喜欢考教育、社会问题、风俗习惯、科普等题材文章，考生可以在这些领域多了解点。 查漏补缺进状态 考生可根据自己的情况重点复习，例如重点的语法。语法复习在英语学习中占有很重要的地位，但英语语法学习不能死学，一定要把记和练结合起来。有的考生往往把语法术语记得很熟，但是一到做题时就傻眼了。在英语(二)考试中，像虚拟语气，谓语动词、非谓语动词，各种从句等都是

自考英语二复习资料

? UNIT 1 ? 重点单词和短语 ? objective accomplish predict accompany attain scheme skilled argue define ? interview prospect ? course of action in the way(by the way, in no way, in a way) make a guess at contribute to and the like (and so on) ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? apply for (to) ? have no idea bring about take the trouble to do ? put oneself in one’s place ? to one’s advantage at a disadvantage ask for in hand turn down (up, on, off, out, over, back) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? 1.A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. ? 解析：courses of action意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made是过去 分词；from among 为二重介词 ? 例：We’ll inform you as soon as tickets become _____. (06-4) ? A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available (D) ? 2. … some suggest that the management process is decision making. ? 解析：suggest表示认为、提出、暗示意思，后面不用虚拟语气，表

2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit11

Unit 11 Cyber World I. New words and expressions New words 1. chatline n. （消遣性的）热线电话交谈服务 2. variety n. （同一事物的）不同种类，多种式样 vary vary from…to… 比较：range / shift from…to… various 3. romance n. 恋爱；爱情 romantic 4. bizarre adj. 极其怪诞的；异乎寻常的 5. potential adj. 潜在的；可能的 6. script n. 剧本；广播（或讲话等）稿 7. intimacy n . 亲密；关系密切 intimate 8. initial adj. 最初的；开始的 9. perceive v. 将…视为；认为 10. avalanche n. 雪崩；山崩 11. literary adj. 文学的；文学上的 literature literal literary

literate liberal 12. verse n. 诗；韵文 13. animated adj. 栩栩如生的；（似）能活动的 14. inclination n. 倾向；意愿 incline inclined 15. sweaty adj. 满是汗的；汗津津的 16. palm n. 手掌；手心 17. vary v. 相异；不同 18. convey v. 表达，传递（思想、感情等） 19. polish v. 修改；润饰；润色 20. intellect n. （尤稻高等的）智力，思维逻辑领悟力 21. personality n. 性格；个性；人格 22. sequence n. 顺序；次序 23. reverse v. 颠倒；彻底转变；使完全相反 24. veil v. 掩饰；掩盖 unveil 揭露，揭开 25. intellectual adj. 智力的；脑力的；理智的 26. familiarity n. 熟悉；通晓 familiar familiarize

自考英语二汉译英重点复习资料

自考《英语二》汉译英重点复习资料自学考试备考工作正在火热进行中，考生们英语二科目复习得怎么样呢?以下是小编搜索整理的关于自考《英语二》汉译英重点复习资料，供参考复习，希望对大家有所帮助!想了解更多相关信息请持续关注我们()! 1、他由朋友陪同去听音乐会。 He was accompanied to the concert by his friend. 2、他已说服她改变决定。 He has argued her out of the decision. 3、在某种程度上，他的成功是由于幸运。 In part， his success is due to good luck. 由于is because / is brought about by 4、按照他的建议，手续已经大大简化。 According to his suggestion， the procedures have been greatly simplified. 5、电台预报明天天气会变冷。 The radio station predicts that it will be cold tomorrow. Broadcasting 6、黑洞产生很强的引力。 Black holes exert a strong gravitation pull. Gravity 7、由于管理不善，他的公司垮台了。

Because of bad management， his company collapsed. 8、80年代我国发射了多颗卫星。 Our country launched several satellites in the 1980s. (主动) Our country launched several satellites in the 1980s. (主动) Several satellites were launched in our country in the 1980s.(被动) 9、药物开始见效了吗? Has the medicine begun to operate? 10、如果我们认识了黑洞，黑洞就不那么可怕了。 If we understand black holes， they will not be terrible. 11、他的身影消失在黑暗中。 His figure was swallowed up in the dark. By darkness 12、安乐死的确能解除临终病的痛苦。 Euthanasia does end the suffering of dying patients. 13、你知不知道荷兰是欧洲唯一允许施行安乐死的国家。 Do you know (that) the Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia? 14、支持这一观点的医生并不意味着他们不关心病人。 Doctors for this view don‘t mean that they care

自考“基础英语”复习资料讲课讲稿

一、名词和短语的英汉互译： 1.Quota―配额、定量 maintenance―维持、保持 tariff barriers―关税壁垒 invalid contract―无效合同 monopolistic competition―垄断性竞争 depreciation=devaluation―贬值 inventory―存货清单 cost effectiveness―成本效益 direct/indirect tax―直接/间接税 the req uired reserve―法定最低储备金 economics of scale―规模经济 packaging material―包装材料 inferior product―残次品 manufactured goods―产成品 survey report―调查报告 consumer goods―消费品 export/import quota―出口/进口配额 claim―索赔 technical expertise－技术知识 compensation trade－补偿贸易 raw material－原材料 traffic jam－交通阻塞

subsidiary company－分公司 multilateral trade－多边贸易 service trade－服务贸易 trade gap－贸易差额 assembly line－生产线 planned/market economy－计划/市场经济Universal Product Code－产品统一条形码visible/invisible trade－有形/无形贸易insurance policy－保险单 excess reserves－额外储备金 free port－自由港 public interest－公共利益 comparative advantage－比较优势 trail order－试订单 foreign-trade zones－外贸保税区 sole agent－独家代理 registered trade mark－注册商标geographic area－地理位置standardized container－标准集装箱delivery rate－运费 target market－目标市场 fraud－欺诈 annal revence/annual gain－年收入

司考宪法重点知识点

宪法记忆重点 全国人大会议的临时召集：由1、全国人大常委会认为必要；2、1/5以上全国人大代表提议 全国人大的预备会议： 召集人和主持人：由全国人大常委会主持（每一届的第一次预备会议由上届全国人大常委会主持）。 会议目的：1、选举本次会议的主席团和秘书长；2、通过本次会议的议程和其它事项的决定。 全国人大会议：召集人――全国人大常委会；主持人――主席团；第一次会议时间――本届选举完成后的 两个月内由上届全国人大常委会召集 全国人大选举产生的人员：国家主席、国家副主席、中央军委主席、最高院院长、最高检检察长 经提名由全国人大决定的人员：国务院总理、副总理、国务委员、各部部长、各委员会主任、审计长、秘书长、中央军事委员会其它组成人员（闭会期间全国人大常委会经提名决定部长、委员会主任、审计长、秘书长人选） 行政区域的建制和区域化分：1、省、自治区、直辖市的建置由全国人大批准，区域划分由国务院批准；2、乡、民族乡、镇的建置和区域划分由省、直辖市的人民政府决定； 3、县、市、市辖区的部分行政区域界限的变更，国务院授权省、自治区、直辖市人民政府审批；批准变更时，同时报送民政部备案。 宪法的修改：由1、全国人大常委会；2、1/5以上的全国人大代表提议并由全国人大以全体代表的2/3以上多数通过 法律和其它议案：由全国人大以全体代表的过半数通过全国人大常委会审议议案和法律案由常委会以全体组成人员过半数通过 紧急状态的决定：全国人大常委会决定全国或者个别省、自治区、直辖市的戒严，国务院决定省、自治区、直辖市范围内部分地区的戒严 国务院各部委的设立、撤消、合并由全国人大或者全国人大常委会决定

自学考试《英语(二)》复习资料【2020年最新】

自学考试《英语（二）》复习资料 I. Reading Section A Task1 Directions: after reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 11 to 15. For each questions or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the paper. If you are a male and you are reading this, congratulations: you are a survivor. According to statistics. You are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer as a woman, and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman. There are many reasons for this typically, men take more risks than woman and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don't go to the doctor. “Men aren't seeing doctors as often as they should，”says Dr.Gullotta，“This is particularly so for the over-40s, when diseases tend to strike.”Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45. it should be at least once a year. Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker's cough for a year. “When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer，”he says，“Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him，but it would have prolonged this life.”According to a recent survey，95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group. “A lot of men think they are invincible（不可战胜的）”Gullotta says“They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think.”Geez., if it could happen to him.Then there is the ostrich approach，“some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know，”says Dr. Ross Cart mill.“Most men get their car serviced more regularly than they service their bodies，”Cartmill says.He believes most diseases t hat commonly affect men could be addressed b y preventive check-ups. Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says.“But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. B esides, the ultimate cost is far greater: it is called premature death.” 1.Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage? A.They are more likely to survive serious diseases today. B.Their average life span has been considerably extended. C.They have lived long enough to read this article. D.They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier live. 2. What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women?

自考英语二复习资料

? UNIT 1 ? 重点单词和短语 ? objective accomplish predict accompany attain scheme skilled argue define ? interview prospect ? course of action in the way(by the way, in no way, in a way) make a guess at contribute to and the like (and so on) ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ! ? apply for (to) ? have no idea bring about take the trouble to do ? put oneself in one’s place ? to one’s advantage at a disadvantage ask for in hand turn down (up, on, off, out, over, back) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. ? 解析：courses of action 意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made 是过去分词；from among — 为二重介词 ? 例：We ’ll inform you as soon as tickets become _____. (06-4) ? A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available (D) ? 2. … some suggest that the management process is decision making. ? 解析：suggest 表示认为、提出、暗示意思，后面不用虚拟语气，表示建议意思， 后面用虚拟语气。 ? 例：It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held (hold)at some other time. 、 ? 3. … decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them. ? 解析：as well as 意思是既…又… ? 4. In fact, I did have several questions, but you have already answered them all. ? 解析：助动词do 在肯定句中用在动词之前表示强调，意思是确实。 ? 5. … but do not let it worry you too much. ? 解析：动词let, make, have, hear, see, observe 等词之后的宾语补足语为省略to 的 不定式结构。 ? 6. There is little likelihood that … ！ ? 对比：There is a/ every/no likelihood that/of ? 例：The two sisters are ___ in many ways, not only in appearance but also in temperament.(06-4) ? A. like B. likely C. alike D. lively (C) ? ? UNIT2 ? 重点单词和短语 : ? exert collapse shrink basis launch convince operate revolve glitter unlikely (be likely to) whereas concerned (be concerned about) plateau ? in theory apply to depend on research into swallow up make use of together with in every respect in other words consist of a great many under the circumstances make a difference above all as a rule ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? 例：I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and ___ kind. (06-4) — ? A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all (A) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? 1. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable… ? 例：爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝对的时间和空间。 (05-4-68) ? 2. It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. ? 例1：It is on Friday ___ we will hold the meeting. . ? A. that B. when C. in that time D. what (A) ? 例2: As a painter, Ted was very ___ about the colors he used. (03-10) ? A. specific B. special C. peculiar D. particular (D) ? 3. The earth is one of mine planets which move in orbit round the sun. ? 对比：The earth is the only one of the nine planets which has life on it. ? 4. The total water area is about three times as large as the land area. ? 解析：数词+times + as +形容词+as 是表示倍数的表达法。 ? 例：It is important to note that a reading of 4 indicates an earthquake ten times as strong -