大学英语综合教程答案

Key to Exercises

Opener

Mary is thinking of getting a tattoo tomorrow afternoon. She asks Mel to join her, but Mel cannot because she has to work tomorrow. And then Mary invites Mel to go to a party tomorrow night. Mel hesitates at first, but finally decides to go with Mary. They will meet at eight o’clock.

Abbreviation Meaning

1. TGIF Thank God it’s Friday

2. AMA Ask me anything

3. OMG Oh my God!

4. YOLO You only live once

5. FOMO Fear of missing out

6. FYI For your information

7. LOL Laugh out loud

8. TBH To be honest

9. PPL People

10. ETA Estimated time of arrival

Transcript:

A: Hey, Mary.

B: Hey, Mel.

A: TGIF.

B: TGIF.

A: Mel, I need some advice on something.

B: AMA

A: Yeah, thanks. I’m thinking of getting a tattoo.

B: OMG! Really Are you serious

A: Well, YOLO.

B: That’s true.

A: Well.

B: When are you going to do it

A: I’m thinking tomorrow afternoon. Do you want to come

B: Oh, I’d love to come, but I’ve got to work tomorrow. Oh, major FOMO.

A: What a shame!

B: Yeah,

A: Well, FYI, there’s a party tomorrow night. And if you are not busy, you can come to that instead.

B: I’m not busy, but TBH I really need to take it easy this weekend. A: What That’s so not like you.

B: LOL, that’s true.

A: Party is in Hackney Wick. It’s gonna be good, good music, good PPL.

B: Oh, major FOMO again. Oh, what the hell Yes, why not I’ll go.

A: OK, well, OK. What do you wanna do Do you want to come to mine first

B: Sounds good.

A: And ETA

B: Eh eight o’clock

A: Eight, eight o’clock

B: Yeah.

A: On the dot

B: Won’t be late.

A: OK. Cool. Later.

B: See you later, bye.

A: Bye.

Reading & Interacting

I. Understanding the Text

1. Text Organization

2. Comprehension Check

Digging into detail

1) They are more concerned with getting their message across rather than grammar, spelling or

sentence structure.

2) We are increasingly using more streamlined and concise language.

3) They can be used to describe the mood of communicators and clarify the real meaning of their

message.

4) It is sharpening up writing skills. It shows the disparity between good and bad writing, and as a

result writers are becoming better educated and more aware of global grammatical standards.

5) Because of the Internet, many Americanisms such as “road trip” and “what’s up” have been

ingrained into “International English.”

6) Writers who specialize in short form and writers who focus on long form.

7) There is a 140-character limit to a message and little room to worry about grammar.

8) It is the web culture itself rather than mobile devices and social channels.

9) It is best to communicate formally in the workplace, especially with older co-workers and clients.

10) It will become less of a priority since “standard” grammar is evolving.

Understanding difficult sentences

1. B

2. A

3. B

4. B

II. Focusing on Language in Context

1. Key Words & Expressions

1) We had a detailed discussion of Jane Austen’s writing style.

2) A motivated and committed team is vital to business success.

3) The experiment is at best only partially successful, leaving much to be desired.

4) Nearly everyone here hails from a small town at the foot of Mount Eden.

5) Despite the weak economy, these CEOs are quite confident about

the future of their own business.

6) You have to be aware of cultural differences when doing business in a globalized market.

7) Professional translators quite often specialize in just one field, for example law or medicine.

8) When pursuing the deeper meaning of any event in history, it is essential to understand its

historical context.

9) Professor Peterson was invited to give a speech at a conference held for the top executives at

Fortune 500 companies.

10) The most common mistake one may commit is submitting a

“one-size-fits-all” application letter that lacks personality. 11) It is the way a team plays as a whole that determines its success, not the individual stars.

12) An example of mobile communication is sending emails from a computer using a wireless

network at your local coffee shop.

13) Only if you have been in the deepest valley, can you ever know how impressive it is to be on the highest mountain.

14) Believe it or not, it is very important to sharpen up your communication skills to excel in every area of your life.

15) Speaking of Tom, it seems all his time is taken up with social engagements.

1) rare

2) concise

3) dumped

4) link

5) excels in

6) impacted on

7) filtered into

8) ingrained in

9) conforms to

1) Michael’s parents urged him to study science, but in his second year of college he switched to

literature.

2) If an employee gets angry with his/her employer, the best thing an employer can do is to

communicate with him/her.

3) I admit that there were times when I was at a total loss as to how to respond to criticisms.

4) The management did not seem to consider office safety (to be)

a priority.

5) Over the years the small company has evolved into a multi-million dollar enterprise.

2. Usage

1) Simon unexpectedly won a gold medal in the 10,000 meter run.

2) Actually I don’t want to work as hard as I am doing now, and

I want more work-life balance.

3) The campaign has certainly succeeded in raising public awareness of the urgency of environmental

protection.

4) This software company is reportedly planning on cutting hundreds of jobs.

5) This mission could conceivably be accomplished within a month.

6) This seafood restaurant is arguably the best in Shanghai.

3. Sentence Patterns

1) There’s no doubt that the Internet impacts (on) our daily lives.

2) There’s no doubt that we should conform to the rules of engagement in the workplace.

3) There’s no doubt that body language is vital to effective communication.

1) We expect you boys to behave yourselves, and the same goes for the girls.

2) Life doesn’t pause, and the same goes for learning.

3) Simply showing love and support can reduce the pain of an injured child, and the same goes for adults.

4. Comprehensive Practice

Cloze

Has the evolution of technology been a disaster for the way we communicate with one another Some people certainly fear that the development of computers and smartphones has had a negative effect on language. But such an assessment is probably too harsh. For language inevitably evolves to take advantage of new methods of communication. Rather than limiting our ability to communicate by killing off language such changes often offer fresh ways for us to sharpen up our communication skills. Emoticons and emojis, for example, may not be appropriate where a more formal tone is required, but in informal contexts they offer a concise way of expressing our mood.

Translation

Modern technology impacts on the way we communicate. For example, the language of texting is streamlined, with many abbreviations and acronyms. To get their message across and avoid misunderstanding, people also use qualifying emoticons to clarify tones or moods. The economic forms used in digital communication are creeping into our

spoken language. Some people respond to the change with negative and even harsh comments. They think this type of change is a disaster and the Internet is killing off our language. But most experts believe that languages have a way of evolving and technology has always had an effect on language. The evolution should be viewed as progress, not regression.

Reading & Comprehending

1. Comprehension Check for Reading 1

A. (1)

B. (4)

C. (11)

D. (12)

E. (14)

2. Translation

1) 在工作场所，原本被认为不合适的表情符和绘文字正逐渐被接受，这主要是因为工作场所中的人员构成在改变。

2) 当出现语言学家们所谓的有损面子的情况时——有点尴尬或者可能冒犯人的情况，或者有人会误解时，人们倾向于使用表情符。

3) 绘文字之所以在职场流行，除了表情符和绘文字在澄清邮件语气方面的作用之外，还有一部分原因是如今数字化的工作交流中也融入了随意交流的成分。

4) 要弄清楚受众是谁，在插入绘文字之前先估计他们的认可程度。Comprehension Check for Reading 2

1. C

2. C

3. A

4. D

5. C

Integrated Skills Practicing

I. Viewing & Listening

Transcript:

Technology always changes a language. When printing came in, in the 1400s, it changed the language. New styles developed; new spellings, new punctuation systems, and so on. When the telephone came in the 19th century, it changed the language. New patterns of dialogue came into being. When broadcasting started in the 1920s, it changed the language. Think of all the styles and the broadcasting medium that we didn’t have before, like sports commentary, news reading, and weather forecasting, and chat shows and all of that. And when the Internet came into being, it changed the language. But nobody, I think, ever expected the language to be so diversified as a result of the Internet, simply because nobody was able to predict exactly how many different technological variations there were gonna be of electronically mediated communication. I mean, just think, there is the World Wide Web, there is e-mail, there is chat rooms... there is virtual worlds, the dungeons and dragons games that people play. There is blogging, there is instant messaging, there is social networking sites now, like Youtube and Facebook. There is twittering, there is mobile phone texting, and it goes on,

and on, and on! Now each one of these new technologies or new opportunities for communication produces a new kind of language. In the case of English, a new style of English. The language we use when we are blogging is not the same as the language we use when we are instant messaging and so we can go on through all these different mediums and point to new styles of English that are emerging as a consequence. The actual language itself hasn’t changed that much. It isn’t the case that as you look through these different technological manifestations of English you see new grammar, for instance. You don’t get new patterns of grammar emerging; new types of verb ending or anything like that. Nor is there that much new vocabulary, actually. I mean, a few hundred new words have come into English as a consequence of the Internet. But that’s not very many, considering more than a million words there are in English. New pronunciations Not really. New punctuation Yes, a bit. You do certainly get new features of punctuation arriving on the Internet. Emoticons, for example, being used in clever ways. People using punctuation in an exaggerated form they never used to do before, simply because you can hold the key down. People can say: “FANTASTIC”, exclamation mark, exclamation mark, exclamation mark, and it can go on and on and on, for as long as you like. So there are a few novelty features like that. But on the whole, you

look at a screen and what you see on the screen is the same kind of English language that you saw before the Internet came into existence. Except now there are these new styles to exploit. The language has become expressively richer as a result of the Internet. III. Writing

Model paper for your reference:

As shown by the picture, the Internet is changing the way we communicate. In the picture, a man is having a date with a woman in a cafe. Very likely they got to know each other online and this is the first time they have met. However, it seems that they have got so used to digital communication that even when face-to-face, they still prefer text-messaging on their cellphones. No gazing lovingly into one another’s eyes here, for their eyes are fixed firmly on their screens. This reflects one of the most significant changes caused by the Internet. That is, people feel more and more comfortable with online communication while face-to-face interaction is diminishing, a situation gently mocked by the cartoonist with his reference to love at first text in place of love at first sight.

The Internet not only shapes our preferred channels of communication. It also influences the language we use. Take a look at the messages sent by the woman and the man. There are many

abbreviations consisting of letters or numbers, such as OMG, u, IM, FB and 2, and emoticons used to convey feelings, like :) and :0).

In short, the cartoon calls attention in a playful way to how the Internet impacts on our lives and reshapes our interactions and our language.

(217 words)