最新初中英语被动语态
一、语态概述
语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系.英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态
主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者（或执行者）eg：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的.
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象.eg：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者.
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词构成.人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的.(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成.)
各种时态的被动语态构成：
1.一般现在时：am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词
I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world
2.一般过去时：was/were＋及物动词的过去分词
This house was built in 1958. His leg was broken in an accident.
3.一般将来时：will/shall be＋及物动词的过去分词
More factories will be built in our city. He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.
4.现在进行时：am/is/are being＋及物动词的过去分词.
A road is being built around the mountain. Many new houses are being built in this city
5.过去进行时：was/were being＋及物动词的过去分词
he meeting was being held when I was there. We were being trained this time last year.
6.现在完成时：have/has been＋及物动词的过去分词
His book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again .
7.过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词
A new school had been set up by the end of last year.
8.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词
The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.
三、被动语态的基本用法
一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态.只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态：1.不知道动作的执行者是谁.
1).Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了.
2).This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年.
3).The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天,教室的前窗被打
2.没不要说出动作的执行者是谁.
1).The time-table has been changed .时间表已变动了
2).China was founded in 1949.
3.不愿意说出动作的执行者,其目的是为了使语言得体、圆滑等.在这种情况下,有时常用一些句式,如It is said that…（据说……）,It is reported that …（据报道）,It is well known that（众所周知……）It is supposed that（据推测说, It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggested that…据建议等等.
It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner.据说她要嫁给一个外国人.
It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.）
4.强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者.
1).The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的.
2).his book was written by him.这本书是他写的.
3).Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成.
注：使用被动语态的情况口诀：动作谁做的不知道,谁说出的不必要.接受动作需强调,用被动语态最为妙.
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法：
1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语.
2.把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式).
3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格.
He plant trees in spring.
Trees are planted in spring by him.
主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾语提前主语变,原主变宾by后见,时态人称be关键.
All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.→The bikes are made by them in the factory.
He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him.
被动语态中by+宾语的省略：
被动语态句式中的by+宾语表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者,但是在遇到以下情况时,表示动作执行者by+宾语常常被省略.
动作执行者不确定时
Paper is made from wood.
Many people are killed in traffic accidents every day .
不必表明动作执行者时
English is also spoken as the second language as well as one of the official languages.
Football is played in most school.
动作执行者为一般大众时.
Both English and Spanish are spoken in this area.
He is made the monitor of the class today.
五、主动语态变被动语态应注意的几个问题：
谈谈几种特殊的被动结构
1.当句子结构为主语+谓语+宾语（唯一宾语）时,把宾语提到句首做主语,然后把谓语改成被动语态形式,最后把原主语变为宾格至于介词by之后.实际运用中by短语常被省略.
We finish our homework in the evening.
Our homework is finished in the evening.
2. 当句子结构为主语+谓语+间接宾语(表示人的)+直接宾语（表示物的）时,一般把间接宾语变为主语,而直接宾语不变,这样句子显得自然些.如果把直接宾语作为主语,那么在间接宾语前应加介词to或for.
She sent me a novel on my birthday. (主动) →
I was sent a novel on my birthday. (被动)
A novel was sent to me on my birthday. (被动)
My brother bought me a watch yesterday. (主动) →
I was bought a watch yesterday. (被动)
A watch was bought for me by my brother yesterday.(被动)
注意：
1).间接宾语前需要加for的动词buy ,sing ,catch ,find ,get,drow ,cook ,keep ,make,offer 等.
2).间接宾语前需要加to的动词bring ,give ,pass ,hand ,leave ,show ,write ,take ,teach ,tell ,thow ,lend,send ,return等
3).当句子结构为主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语把主动态变成被动态时,只需将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态句子的主语,而原句里的宾语补足语现在就变成被动态句子的主语补足语了
They asked me to help them. →I was asked to help them.
Now people can use computers to help them →.Computers can be used to help them.
We must keep the room clean. →The room must be kept clean .
We saw them coming over. →They were seen coming over.
如果复合宾语是由宾语+不带to的动词不定式构成,变为被动语态时,动词不定式前的to要补出来.常见的这类动词有：一感（feel）,二听（hear,listen to ）三让（let ,make ,have ）四看（watch ,see ,notice ,observe,+look at ）但动词为let时,to仍可省略.
The story made us laugh. →We were made to laugh by the story.
The teacher let the little boy go home. →The little boy was let (to) go home .
4).含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动语态变成被动语态时,由情态动词＋be＋过去分词构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后to仍要保留.
We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days.
They should do it at once. →It should be done at once.
The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.
5).短语动词的被动语态：
一般说来,只有及物动词才有被动语态,但许多不及物动词+副词或介词构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,也可以有被动语态,但变被动语态后,不可把介词或副词漏掉.
He turned on the radio just now. →The radio was turned on just now .
They take good care of the babies. →The babies are taken care of.
They look after the babies. →The babies are looked after .
6).含有宾语从句的主动语态改为被动语态时,有两种改写方法：
用it做被动语态的形式主语,宾语从句保持不变.
将主动句中的宾语从句的主语改为被动语态的主语,从句的谓语部分变为不定式.这时的动词不定式所用的形式要与原来的宾语从句保持一致.
They say that our teacher is busy these days. →It is said that our teacher is busy these days.
Our teacher is said to be busy these days.
7).如果原句宾语有后置定语修饰,变为被动语态时,应把后置修饰语随同宾语一同提前.
We clean the windows of our classroom every day. →
The windows of our classroom are cleaned every day.
8).如果原句主语不是动作的执行者,而是所使用的物质材料,变被动语态时要用介词with
Smoke filled the room. →The room was filled with smoke .
9).by短语的取舍：
当主动句中的主语是people ,one ,we ,they 等泛指性动词时,变为被动语态后,by短语通常省略.
Eg：we often speak English in our English class. →
English is often spoken (by us ) in our English class
当主动句中是who ,what ,which等做主语,变被动语态后句首的疑问词在句中的成分由原来的主语变为介词by 的宾语,应注意介词by不能丢.
Who wrote the book ? →who was the book written by ?
需要强调动作的执行时,by短语不能省略.
uncle wang made the kite .→The kite was made by uncle wang .
六．可与被动语态连用的介词
在被动语态的句子中,常用介词by引出动作的发出者,实际上同被动语态连用的介词除by以外还有很多.
1.表示谓语动词的动作是为谁或为何目的而发生的要用介词for.(be used for sth /doing sth 被用于…被用于做…)
This new bike was bought for you .
Stamps are used for sending letters .
2.表示动作发出者所使用的工具或强调状态时应用介词with
The trees were cut down with a knife .
The bottle is filled with orange .
3.表示被作为…(发生)应用介词as （be used as 被作为…使用）
English is used as a first language in Canada.
4.在be well-known 后应用介词to,表示被…所熟知
The Great Wall is well-known to everyone in the world .
5.在be made 后可用多个介词表示不同的意义
be made in 表示在某地制造This Tv set is made in shanghai .
be made of 和be made from 都可以表示由…制成的,但be made of 强调从制成品上可以看出原材料, be made from则表示从制成品上看不出原材料.This table is made of wood .
This kind of paper is made from wood.
be made by 由…（人）制造的The cake is made by my mother .
be made into 表示被制成... make …into 把…制成…（主动形式）
Glass is often made into glasses .玻璃常被制成玻璃杯.
be made after 表示仿照...制成
This machine is made after theirs .这台机器是仿照他们的机器制成的.
be made up of 表示由...组成
Our class is made up of fifty students .
七、不可用于被动语态的情况
1.当谓语动词是表示静态的及物动词（短语）时（eg：have ,cost ,hold ,know ,fit ,belong to…）不可用于被动语态. How long did the meeting last ?
2.当谓语动词是look ,become ,get ,turn等连系动词,其后的成分多为形容词或名词词组作表语时.
He looks fine .
3.宾语是反身代词,相互代词或与主语对应的物主代词修饰的名词词组时.
They taught themselves English .
We should learn each other .
4.宾语是动词不定式（短语）或动名词时.
The students hope to visit the Great wall .
He has finished reading the book .
5.宾语和动词在意义上为不可分割的固定搭配时.
He caught a bad cold last week.
You shouldn’t make faces in class .
6.宾语是表示数量,长度,大小,处所或方位的词时.
They reached shanghai early in the next morning .
He left Beijing by bus yesterday .
7.当宾语是同源宾语时.
Today all of us live a happy life .
8.宾语是行为者（人体）的某一部分或人体的器官时.
He could hardly believe his eyes .
Mr Hu shook his head and said nothing .
9.当宾语是某一组织机构或机关团体名称时.
The man joined the army in1957.
八、主动形式被动含义
在英语中,主动意义用主动语态表示,被动意义用被动语态表示.但在以下几种情况下,被动意义却用主动语态来表示：
（一）少数动词,既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词.当它们作不及物动词且用来表示主语内在品质或性能时,可用一般时态的主动形式表示被动意义,其主语大多为事物.常见的有：sell(销售好)read(好读),write(好写),wash(耐洗),wear(耐穿),last,tear,lock ,count ,open ,teach ,drive ,take 等、
1). The tickets cost too much and sold badly.这些票太贵了,销路不好.
2). Can you lend Hie your pen?Your pen writes better．你能把你的钢笔借给我吗?你的钢笔更好写.
3).The pen writes well. 这笔好写.
4).The door won’t open. 门开不下来.
5).The clothes wash easily. 这衣服很好洗.
6). The door won't open. 这门打不开.
注意：这类动词的主动形式表示被动意义有三个明显特征
1).与not,hardly等否定意义的词连用.
2).常与副词well,easily,badly ,poorly ,nicely ,fast ,smoothly ,等连用表示效果或程度.
3）句中的主语是谓语动词的承受者.
（二）某些表示感觉,状态,特征的系动词eg：feel, look, sound, smell, taste等系动词,用主动形式表达被动意义,主语是物.
1.The cloth feels soft. 这布料摸起来很软.
2.His cake tastes good. 他的蛋糕味道很好.
3.Good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口
（三）动词need, want, require等表示需要或应该的意义时, 后用动词ing的主动式或动词不定式被动形式表示变动意义..
1).The floor needs sweeping. 地板须拖一下.
2).The old bike needs repairing (or: to be repaired). 那辆旧自行车需要修理.
3).Your hair needs cutting．你的头发需要理了.
4).The wall requires painting．这墙壁需要粉刷了.
（四）主语+be worth doing句式中ving形式表达被动含义
This book is well worth reading.
The film is well worth seeing．
（五）不定式以主动形式表达被动意义的情况主要有以下两种：
1).不定式作定语与被修饰的词形成动宾关系时,不定式用主动形式表被动意义.
I have something important to tell you.我有重要事情要告诉你.
Is there anything else to say? 还有别的什么事情要说吗？
2).在主语+ 系动词+ adj. + to do结构中,不定式作为主语的补足语对主语作补充说明,与主语之间形成动宾关系时,其主动形式表示被动含义.（形容词通常为easy, difficult, hard, pleasant, nice, heavy等）
The place is easy to find in the map.
I find the problem difficult to solve.
The book is difficult to understand.
The water in the river is unfit to drink.这条河里的水不宜饮用.
His speech isn't easy to understand.他的演说不易理解
3).在too…to do sth 和enough…to do 句型中,如果主语是物而不是人,则不定式部分是用主动形式表达的被动含义.
The table is too heavy (for me)to carry .
The dress is good enough to wear at the party .
（六）表示发生、进行的不及物动词和短语,如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义.
How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？
（七）介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义
表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用,含被动之义,其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式,名词前一般不用冠词.
1.under +名词结构,表示某事在进行中.常见的有：under control（受控制）, under treatment（在治疗中）, under repair （在修理中）, under discussion（在讨论中）, under construction（在施工中）.
The building is under construction( is being constructed).
2.beyond+名词结构,出乎……胜过……、范围、限度.常见的有：beyond belief (令人难以置信), beyond one’s reach （鞭长莫及）,beyond one’s control（无法控制）,beyond our hope．我们的成功始料不及.
The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）．
3.above+名词结构, 表示(品质、行为、能力等) 超过……、高于…….
His honest character is above all praise．=His honest character cannot be praised enough．
4.for+名词结构,表示适于……、为着…….如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等.
That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).
5. in+名词结构,表示在……过程中或范围内常见的有：in print（在印刷中）,in sight(在视野范围内),等.
The book is not yet in print．(=is not yet printed)
6.on+名词结构, 表示在从事……中.常见的有：on sale(出售),on show（展出）, on trial（受审）.
Eg:Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed).
7.out of+名词结构表示超出……之外,常见的有：out of control (控制不了),out of sight （超出视线之外）,out of one’s reach(够不着), out of fashion(不流行)等.
The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled)．.
8.within+名词结构,在……内、不超过…….
He took two days off within the teacher's permission
（八）非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义
在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义.
1.在need,want,require, bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义, 其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式. The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理.
2.形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式.
The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）
动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义.
I have a lot of things to do this afternoon．(to do与things是动宾关系,与I是主谓关系.)
试比较：I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者.)
4.在某些形容词＋不定式做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义.这些形容词有
nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等.
This problem is difficult to work out （可看作to work out省略了for me）.
5.在too…to…结构中,不定式前面可加逻辑主语,所以应用主动形式表示被动意义.
This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.
在there be…句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形式作定语,重点在物.There is no time to lose（to be lost）．（用to lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,谁lost time不明确.）
九、被动语态相关的一些词组:
get dressed(穿衣) get hurt(受伤) get lost(迷路)
get washed(洗脸) get married(结婚)
be covered with (被…覆盖) be made of （由…制成）（看得出原材料）
be made by （由某人制造）be made from （由…制成）（看不出原材料）
be made in （由某地制造）be used for （被用于…）
be used as （被当作…使用）be used to do （被用于做...）
it is said that…（据说…）it is hoped that…（希望…）
It is well known that...(总所周知...)
Q=300m3/d生活污水处理及回用工程
设计方案
目录
一、工程概况 ............................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
二、设计依据、规范、范围及原则........................... 错误!未定义书签。
三、设计水量与水质................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
四、处理工艺的选择................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
五、处理工艺设施简要说明....................................... 错误!未定义书签。
六、系统技术性能参数说明....................................... 错误!未定义书签。
七、电器与控制 ........................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
八、污水处理设施布置............................................... 错误!未定义书签。
九、二次污染防治....................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
十、经营管理 ............................................................... 错误!未定义书签。十一、方案特点及售后服务....................................... 错误!未定义书签。十二、工程构筑物及设备一览表............................... 错误!未定义书签。十三、服务承诺 ........................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
初中英语被动语态讲解与练习
初中被动语态语法讲解 (一) 语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done 一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done 现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done 将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. (2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时：
初中英语语法：被动语态
初中英语语法：被动语态 概念：英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者或发出者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。 构成：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成； 助动词be有人称、数及时态的变化； 含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成 被动语态的否定式是在助动词后加否定词not；而疑问式是将助动词移到主语前面即可Stamps can be used for sending letters. 邮票能用来寄信。 He was asked to go to the meeting immediately. 他被要求立刻去参加这个会议。 This kind of bike is not made in Tianjin. 这种自行车不是天津制造的。 Is this kind of bike make in Tianjin? 这种自行车是在天津制造的吗？ 用法1.当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要知道时，常用被动语态。 These desks are made of wood. 这些桌子是由木头做成的。 2.当需要强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。 Dictionaries can’t be used in the English exam. 词典不能在英语测试中使用。 3.为了使语气婉转、避免提到自己或对方、或由于修饰的需要而使用被动语态。 The homework must be handed in next Monday. 作业必须下周一交上。
被动语态的转换步骤：当主动语态变为被动语态时，通常要经过四步： 1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其谓语动词。 2.把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变成被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词时，应把宾格 变为主格 3.把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”，但时态不能改变。 4.把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语（没必要说出动作的执 行者时可略去“by+宾语”），若主语是人称代词时，应把主格变成宾格。 We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 主动语态变被动语态应注意：1.时态要一致。 I wrote a letter to my pen pal yesterday. (一般过去时) A letter was written to my pen pal yesterday (by me). They will discuss the plan at the meeting. 2.含双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动结构变为被动结构时，可将其中一个宾语变 为主语，另一个不变；如果将主动结构的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，这时一般要加个介词to或for。My parents gave me a watch. I was given a watch by my parents. A watch was given to me by my parents. His father bought him a computer last week. 3.在主动语态中，使役动词如make，let，have或感官动词如hear，watch，see后跟 不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态里必须带to。 My parents often made me babysit my little sister .
2020版历年中考英语真题精选-被动语态
【文库独家】 全国中考英语真题精选汇编-被动语态 【陕西】28. The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：自从手机发明后，它在很大程度上影响了人们的生活。根据句意判断用一般过去时，手机与动词invent在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 【哈尔滨】26. On June 11th, ,Shenzhou-10 carrying three astronauts _____ into space from the space center in Jiuquan. All the Chinese people are proud of its successful launch. A. sent up B. are sent up C. was sent up 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查一般过去时的被动语态结构。由On June 11th, 可知该句为一般过去时，排除B项；主语Shenzhou-10与谓语动词存在被动关系，故应用被动语态，故选C。 【江苏常州】6. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查动词的语态。某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等，且主语是非生命的名词或代词，用主动结构表被动含义。本句的主语为This listening material为第三人称单数；sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。”故选A。 【湖南益阳】30. The sports meeting _________next month. A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held 【答案】C 【解析】考查被动语态的用法。主语the sports meeting不能执行谓语动词hold，是hold的承受者，需用被动语态。next month说明句子用一般将来时态。其被动结构为：will be held。故选C。 【河南】28. —Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself. —Sorry. The book you ask for______ out. A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词的语态。主语the book和动词sell构成被动关系，又时态为一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。答语句意“对不起，你要的书已售完”。故选B。 【河北】38. Annie to the party. She had a wonderful time with us. A. invites B. is invited C. was invited D. has invited 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词语态的用法。根据句子的句意可知“她和我们度过了一段愉快的时光”用的时态是过去时，故被邀请也该是表示过去的时态，故答案应选C。
2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及答案
2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及 答案 the bridge、 The bridge was built by them、 （一）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 1一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught She often watersthe flowers、The flowers are often watered by her’English is spoken by lots of people in the world2一般过去时：was／were＋taught Was/were doneWe visited a form yesterday、A form was visited yesterday by us、the cup was broken by the boy、He was saved at last、My bike was stolen,Some new computers were stolen last night、This book was published in198 1、这本书出版于1981年3一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught Am/ is /are going to be doneShe will plant some trees this week、some trees will be planted this week、our class is going to hold a party this morning、A party is going to be held this evening by our classA new road will be built next year4现在进行时：am／is／are being＋
初中英语被动语态精讲
动词语态 英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。 如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。如： They speak English.他们讲英语。 主语“他们”是“讲”这一行为的执行者，是主动句，动词用主动语态来表示； English is spoken by them.英语由他们讲。 主语“英语”是“讲”的承受者，是被动句，动词用被动语态的形式。 He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态） 一、被动语态的构成 1、助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词构成动词的被动语态的形式。助动词be有人称、数和 时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。 二、主动语态变被动语态 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： （1）将主动句的宾语变为主语： 注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom. 主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动作的执行者无须说明或不必要强调时，by短语可以省略。主动语态、被动语态两种时态要保持一致。 （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。 They held a meeting yesterday. →A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。 （3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。 注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. →A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： 含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 三、各种时态的被动语态 1、一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词 We are taught English by her.由她教我们英语。 2、一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 A present was given to me by Mary.玛丽给了我一件礼物。 3、一般将来时：will be+过去分词 The desk will be mended by him.这张桌子将由他修理。 4、现在进行时：am/is/are +being + 过去分词 The walls are being painted now.正在粉刷墙壁。 5、过去进行时：was/were +being + 过去分词
最全初中英语语法之被动语态
初中英语被动语态复习 一、被动语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。 如： He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态） 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明： 2、被动语态的句式变化： 以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化： 3、含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如： Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。 Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）
Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句） 三、主动语态变为被动语态 转换图示： 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： （1）将主动句的宾语变为主语： 注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom. （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。 注意： They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。 （3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。 注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. →A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： 含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 四．被动语态的基本用法 1.需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态。 Magazines and newspapers in the reading-room mustn't be taken away. 阅览室的杂志和报纸都不能带走。 2.不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时，应使用被动语态。 He was wounded many times during the Anti--Japanese War. 他在抗日战争期间多次负伤。 The problem has to be dealt with right now. 这个问题必须马上处理。 3.当说话人需要强调客观时，用被动语态。 It is said that the temperature tomorrow will be 40℃. 据说明天的气温将要达到摄氏40度。 It is hoped that they will be successful.
(英语)中考英语动词被动语态真题汇编(含答案)及解析
（英语）中考英语动词被动语态真题汇编(含答案)及解析 一、动词被动语态 1． Chinese ______by more and more people around the world. A. spoken B. is spoken C. spoke D. speak 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：全世界越来越多的人讲汉语。全世界的人讲汉语，表示通常的状况，用一般现在时态；主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的承受者，用被动语态。故选B。 2．—Tom, do you know ________? —In Beijing. A. where will the 24th Winter Olympics be held B. where the 24th Winter Olympics will hold C. where the 24th Winter Olympics will be held D. where will the 24th Winter Olympics hold 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——汤姆，你知道第24届冬季奥运会将在哪里举行吗？——在北京。宾语从句的语序是特殊疑问词+陈述句的语序， the 24th Winter Olympics还没发生，故是一般将来时，与hole举办是被动关系，故是被动语态，故选C。 【点评】考查宾语从句，注意宾语从句的语序是特殊疑问词+陈述句的语序。 3．----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places. ----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now. A. isn't allowed B. aren't allowed C. doesn't allow 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟，爸爸。在公共场所不允许吸烟。----哦，对不起，我马上停止。“不允许吸烟”，吸烟smoking在句中作主语，用被动语态。动名词短语smoking作主语，谓语用三人称单数.故选A 4．Let's wait and see whether books by the Internet in the future.
初中英语被动语态练习题
被动语态 1. The PRC (found) in 1949. 2. Edison’s mother (save) after the operation. 3. I (tell) the good news yesterday. I was pleased to hear that. 4. Dr. Bethune went on with the operation though he (ask) to leave. 5. Very little (know) about the universe thousands of years ago. 6. —Where is Peter? —He (tell) to meet some foreign friends just now. 7. He (live) in this house since it (build). 8. Trees must (put) in the hole so that it is straight. 9. Old people must (speak) to politely. 10. Let’s (go) home if your homework (do). 11. Miss Zhao usually (ask) us some questions in class but yesterday she (ask) a lot of questions by us. 12. Tom (catch) a bad cold. He (must take) good care of. 13. —Look! I (buy) a new dictionary. —When it (buy)? —The day before yesterday. 14. I can’t mend the machine. Uncle Wang should (send) for at once. 15. He showed me the kite as soon as it (make). 16. —this kind of flower (water) every day? —Certainly. It (need) much more water than the others. 17. —Which does Li Lei prefer, the long jump or the high jump? —Of course, the high jump. He (know) to be good at it. 18. Sometimes Tom (take) to school by bike, but now he (walk) to school by himself every morning. 19. No more bread (need) because my mother (buy) so much of it. 20. Stamps can (use) to send and receive letters. 21. My bike (not work) now. It must (mend). I (use) it tomorrow. 22. Your shoes (wear) out. But they can (mend) here. 被动语态专项练习 将下列句子变成被动语态(A) 1.They produce silk in Suzhou. _____________________________. 2. We take good care of our textbooks. ____________________________. 3. Many young people don’t speak Russian. ______________________________. 4. Do you often make lanterns for the traditional Lantern Festival in China?______________. 5. His mother gave him a present for his birthday.________________________________. 6. They didn’t choose me this term. _____________________________________. 7. I often hear him sing in his room. __________________________________. 8. The story made us laugh. ____________________________________. 9. We are going to build a school in the small village. ____________________________. 10. When will you held the match? _______________________________. 11. We should plant many trees on the mountains. ________________________________. 12. His mother told him not to waste time on fishing. _________________________________. 13. Father gave me a toy at Christmas. ______________________________________.
(英语) 初中英语动词被动语态试题(有答案和解析)及解析
（英语）初中英语动词被动语态试题(有答案和解析)及解析 一、动词被动语态 1．Paper first about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun. A. is; inventing B. is; invented C. has; invented D. was; invented 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：造纸术是在两千年前被中国的蔡伦发明的。纸和发明是被动关系，应使用被动语态，根据 two thousand years ago ，可知应使用一般过去时，故答案是D。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意根据主语与动词之间的关系确定语态，根据时间状语确定时态。 2．—Who's the little girl in the photo? —It's me. The photo ______ 10 years ago. A. took B. is taken C. has taken D. was taken 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——照片中的小女孩是谁？——是我，这张照片是十年前照的。句子主语是动作的承受者，应该用被动语态，时间状语是十年前，应该用过去时，故答案为D。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。was/were+及物动词的过去分词，过去的被动语态结构。 3．----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places. ----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now. A. isn't allowed B. aren't allowed C. doesn't allow 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟，爸爸。在公共场所不允许吸烟。----哦，对不起，我马上停止。“不允许吸烟”，吸烟smoking在句中作主语，用被动语态。动名词短语smoking作主语，谓语用三人称单数.故选A 4．—It's reported that 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan. —I don't know who they are, but I know who they are for. A. were killing B. were killed C. killed D. had killed 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——据报道，31名勇敢的年轻人在四川的一场森林大火中丧生。——我不知道他们是谁，但我知道他们是为了谁。根据 It's reported 据报道，可知动作为过去发生；再根据主语men和动词kill之间的动宾关系可知，本句应用一般过去时的被动语态were+过去分词，kill的过去分词为killed。故选A。
初中英语被动语态的教案
被动语态 授课人：授课时间： 一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 判断：你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？ We call the doctor. People don’t play football here. The truck was cleaned yesterday. Mr Chen teaches us English. The classroom was cleaned. 二、被动语态的构成：be+动词的过去分词+by sb（be+done) 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught 含有情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should... +be done
歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、主动变被动的方法 口诀：主变宾，宾变主，By 句尾跟 Be 字变，Vpp跟后面 一、选择题（2×15=30分） 一、选择题（2×15=30分） ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
初中英语语法大全——被动语态
初中英语语法大全——被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子中主语和谓语动词的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，使用主动语态;如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用被动语态。 一、被动语态的构成 主动语态:强调动作发出者被动语态:强调受到动作影响的对象 eg: He wrote the book. eg: The book was written by him. eg: She sings the English song. eg: The English song is sung by her. eg: We have finished our homework since two hours ago. eg: Our homework has been finished since two hours ago by us. 2. 各种时态及情态动词的被动语态
3. 被动语态的各种句式 eg: Have you heard about that car accident near the school? --- Yes, luckily no one was hurt. 你听说学校附近的那场车祸了吗? --- 是的，幸运的是没有人受伤。 eg: A road has been built by the government. 一条道路已经被政府修建了。 eg: I am not invited to go to the party by my friend. 我没有被朋友邀请去参加聚会。 eg: My bike isn’t being repaired by Tom now. 我的自行车现在没有被汤姆修理。 eg: Are they used for posting letters? 它们被用来邮递信件吗? eg: Are trees being planted over there by them? 那边的树正在被他们种植吗? eg: When was the basketball team set up? 这支篮球队是什么时候成立的? eg: How many man-made satellites have been sent into space? 已经有多少颗人造卫星被发射升空? 4. 情态动词的被动语态的句式
最新被动语态中考英语真题练习及答案
被动语态中考英语真题练习及答案 （）1. (2011北京)Many accidents by careless arrives last year. A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause （）2. (2011重庆)I’m glad to find that many tress in our city last year. A. plant B. planted C. were planted D. are planted （）3. (2009 江苏) Last year, LiHua, a college student, _____ to work for the Olympic Games. A. is choosing B. is chosen C. was choosing D. was chosen （）4. (2011江西)—What happened to Billy?—He because of his drink-driving. A. is caught B. was caught C. has caught D. had caught （）5. (2011陕西)Driving after drinking wine in China. A. allows B. doesn’t allow C. is allowed D. isn’t allowed （）6. (2011江苏南京)It’s reported that Nanjing South Railway Station at the end of this month. A. has been completed B. is completed C. was completed D. will be completed （）7. (2009 湖北) How do you like the material?-- Very much. It ______ soft and nice. A. feels B. is felt C. is feeling D. felt （）8. (2011广东)People who drink wine to drive after May Day. A. don’t allow B. isn’t allowed C. mustn’t allow D. mustn’t be allowed （）9. (2010 福建) Today computers _____ in both cities and towns. A. were using B. are used C. were used D. are using （）10. (2011广东深圳)—When should I hand in my paper? —Your paper must as soon as the bell . A. hand in; rings B. hand in; will ring C. be handed in; will ring D. be handed in; rings （）11. (2011广西南宁)Trees every year to make our city greener. A. plant B. are planted C. were planted D. will be planted （）12. (2010 天津) Don’t discuss the problem with your partner unless you ____ to do so. A. ask B. are asked C. will ask D. will be asked （）13. (2011 湖南) Don`t be afraid. The dog ______ to the tree. A. is tied B. must tie C. was tied D. has tied （）14. (2010北京)The road last year. A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built （）15. (2010天津)Liu Xiang by his coach to train regularly. A. advised B. advises C. was advised D. be advised （）16. (2010上海)A Disneyland Park (迪斯尼乐园) in Shanghai Pudong New Area in the near future. A. builds B. has built C. will built D. will be built （）17. (2010南京)—Can you sing this English song?-Of course, I can. It many times on the radio.
(完整word版)初中英语被动语态(精讲+精练).pdf
被动语态 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被 动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种 特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等被动词来表示被动意义 一、语态结构比较 语态 时态主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时①am\is\are ②do/does(V.\V.s) am\is\are+done(V. p.p) 一般将来时will\be going to\be(about)to+do(V.) will+be+done(V. p.p) 一般过去时①was\were ②did(V.-ed) was\were+done(V. p.p) 现在进行时am\is\are+doing(V.-ing) am\is\are+being+done(V. p.p) 过去进行时was\were+doing(V.-ing) was\were+being+done(V.p.p) 现在完成时have\has+done(V. p.p.) have\has+been+done(V. p.p) 过去完成时had+done(V. p.p.) had+been+done(V. p.p.) 情态动词情态动词+V. 情态动词+be+done(V. p.p.) 过去将来时would/should +V. would/should be +done(V. p.p.) 二、变被动句步骤 1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语 2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。 3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。 4、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 主动语态变为被动语态例句： 一般现在时：主：We believe him. 被：He is believed by us. 一般过去时：主：He bought his children some pens. 被：Some pens were bought for his children by him. 一般将来时：主：Everyone will know the truth soon . 被：The truth will be known by everyone. 现在进行时：主：Mary is making a doll. 被：A doll is being made by Mary.