初中英语被动语态讲解与练习

初中被动语态语法讲解

(一) 语态分类

英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：

They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)

A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)

汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：

助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。

(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化

主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done

一般过去时：was / were + done

一般将来时：shall / will + be done

一般过去将来时：should / would + be done

现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done

过去进行时：was / were + being + done

现在完成时：have / has + been + done

过去完成时：had + been + done

将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done

过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done

［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。

(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态

1. 一般现在时：

(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.

Rice is grown in the south of the country.

(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.

We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.

2. 一般过去时：

(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.

The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.

(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.

His lessons were not easily forgotten

3. 一般将来时：

(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.

Cars will be sent abroad by sea.

(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.

Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.

4. 过去将来时：

(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.

The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.

(2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.

The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.

5. 现在进行时：

(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.

English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.

(2) We are painting the rooms.

The rooms are being painted.

6. 过去进行时：

(1)The workers were mending the road.

The road was being mended.

(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.

Trees were being planted here this time last year.

7. 现在完成时：

(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.

I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.

(2)He has brought his book here.

His book has been brought here.

8. 过去完成时：

(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.

When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.

(2) People had considered him to be a great leader.

He had been considered to be a great leader

(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：

含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。

(1)You must hand in your compositions after class.

Your compositions must be handed in after class.

(2)He can write a great many letters with the computer.

A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.

(五) 被动语态的使用

1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。

“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”

2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。

These records were made by John Denver.

The cup was broken by Paul.

3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in + 名词作状语，而代替by 短语。

These cars were made in China.

(六)主动语态变被动语态的方法

（1）My aunt invited me to her dinner party.

主语谓语宾语

→I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.

主语谓语宾语

（2）The school set up a special class to help poor readers.

→ A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.

1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。

2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。

3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地名词作状语。

(七)语态转换时所注意的问题

1. 把主动语态变为被动语态点名词，在被动语态中用in + 地点时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。

We have bought a new computer.

A new computer has been bought. (正确)

A new computer have been bought. (错误)

2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。

My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.

I was given a present on my birthday.

如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：

A present was given to me yesterday.

注意：

1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to，如：

bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。

(1) The book was showed to the class.

(2) My bike was lent to her.

2.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词for, 如：

build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。

(1) A new skirt was made for me.

(2) The meat was cooked for us.

(3) Some country music was played for us.

3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：

不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。

(1) The patient is being operated on.

(2) The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.

及物动词+ 副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。

(1) His request was turned down.

(2) The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather

4. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。如：

(1) We always keep the classroom clean.

→The classroom is always kept clean.

(2) She told us to follow her instructions.

→We were told to follow her instructions.

注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。

We often hear him play the guitar.

→He is often heard to play the guitar.

5. 当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody, 作by的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。如：

Nobody can answer this question.

误：The question can be answered by nobody.

正：The question can not be answered by anybody.

6. 当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。如：

They haven't done anything to make the river clean.

误：Anything hasn't been done to make the river clean.

正：Nothing has been done to make the river clean.

7. 以who为主语开头的疑问句，变被动时，用by whom放在句首：

Who wrote the story?

误：Who was the story written?

正：By whom was the story written?

8. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。如：

(1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。

(2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。

对比：

The books sell well. (主动句)

The books were sold out. (被动句)

The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句)

The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句)

9. 下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：

第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。

(1)— Do you like the material? — Yes, it feels very soft.

误：It is felt very soft.

(2) The food tastes delicious.

误：The food is tasted delicious.

(3) The pop music sounds beautiful.

误：The pop music is sounded beautiful.

第二，谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。如：

(1) He entered the room and got his book.

误：The room was entered and his book was got.

(2) She had her hand burned.

误：Her hand was had burned.

第三，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to 等。如：

The fire broke out in the capital building.

误：The fire was broke out in the capital building.

第四，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。

When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen.

误：The sun had already been risen.

After the earthquake, few houses remained.

误：After the earthquake, few houses were remained.

第五，宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语，如：

I taught myself English.

误：Myself was taught English.

We love each other.

误：Each other is loved.

10. 在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：据说……It is said that …

据报导……It is reported that …

据推测……It is supposed that …

希望……It is hoped that …

众所周知……It is well known that …

普遍认为……It is generally considered that …

有人建议……It is suggested that …

(1) It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow.

(2) It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.

初中被动语态练习题

( ) 1. The People's Republic of China __ on October 1, 1949.

A. found

B. was founded

C. is founded

D. was found

( ) 2. English ____ in Canada.

A. speaks

B. are spoken

C. is speaking

D. is spoken

( ) 3. This English song___ by the girls after class.

A. often sings

B. often sang

C. is often sang

D. is often sung ( ) 4. This kind of car ___ in Japan.

A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made ( ) 5. New computers ___ all over the world.

A. is used

B. are using

C. are used

D. have used ( ) 6. Our room must ___ clean.

A. keep

B. be kept

C. to be kept

D. to keep ( ) 7. -I'd like to buy that 'm sorry. ___.

A. it sold

B. it's selling

C. It's been sold

D. it had been sold ( ) 8. A new house ___ at the corner of the road.

A. is building

B. is being built

C. been built

D. be building

( ) 9. The key ___ on the table when I leave.

A. was left

B. will be left

C. is left

D. has been left ( ) 10. Doctors ___ in every part of the world.

A. need

B. are needing

C. are needed

D. will need

( ) 11. His new book___ next month.

A. will be published

B. is publishing

C. is being published

D. has been published

( ) 12. Japanese ___ in every country.

A. is not spoken

B. are spoken

C. is speaking

D. is not speaking ( ) 13. These papers___yet.

A. have not written

B. have not been written

C. has not written

D. has not been written

( ) 14. The sports meet ___ be held until next week.

A. didn't

B. won't

C. isn't

D. doesn't

( ) 15. -My shoes are worn out.

A. Can't they be mended?

B. Let me have a look at it.

C. How much do they cost?

D. Can't they mended?

( ) 16. ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.

A. Does

B. Has

C. Is D . Are

( ) 17. ___ these desks be needed?

A. Will

B. Are

C. Has

D. Do

( ) 18. Why ___ to talk about it yesterday?

A. didn't a meeting hold

B. wasn't a meeting held

C. wasn't held a meeting

D. a meeting wasn't held

( ) 19. Who was the book___?

A. write

B. wrote

C. written

D. written by

( ) 20. Where ___ these boxes made?

A. was

B. were

C. is

D. am

( ) 21. The flowers ___ often.

A. must be water

B. must be watered

C. must watered

D. must water

( ) 22. The books may___ for two weeks.

A. be kept

B. be borrowed

C. keep

D. borrow

( ) 23. The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.

A. can mend

B. can mended

C. can be mend

D. can be mend ( ) 24. The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.

A. is going to be rebuilt

B. will rebuilt

C. are going to be rebuilt

D. are going to rebuilt

( ) 25. The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday.

A. is going to be shown

B. will shown

C. will show

D. is shown ( ) 26. The old stone bridge ___ next week

A. is going to be rebuilt

B. will be rebuild

C. are going to be rebuilt

D. will rebuild

( ) 27. Now these magazines__ in the library for a long time.

A. have kept

B. are keeping

C. have been keeping

D. have been kept ( ) 28. The pot ___ for ___ hot water

A. used; keeping

B. was used; keeping

C. is used; to keep

D. are used; keep ( ) 29. Tea ___ in the south of China.

A. grows

B. is grown

C. were grown

D. will grow

( ) 30. The bridges___ two years ago.

A. is built

B. built

C. were built

D. was built

( ) 31. Wet clothes are often ___ up near a fire in rainy weather

A. hang

B. hanged

C. hanging

D. hung

( ) 32. The river smells terrible. People must ___ dirty things into it.

A. be stopped to throw

B. be stopped from throwing

C. stop to throw

D. stop from throwing

( ) 33. The teapot ___ water

A. is filled with

B. filled of

C. fulling of

D. filled

( ) 34. Old people must be looked after well and ___ politely.

A. speak to

B. spoken

C. speak

D. spoken to

( ) 35. Old people must ___.

A. look after well

B. be looked well after

C. looked well after

D. be looked after well ( ) 36. Newly-born babies___in hospital.

A. are taken good care

B. are taken good care of

C. take good care of

D. take good care

( ) 37. They were___ at the sudden noise.

A. frightening

B. frightened

C. frighten

D. frightens

( ) 38. These walls ___ stone.

A. are made of

B. made of

C. are made into

D. made into

( ) 39. Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday.

A. called

B. was asked

C. told

D. was said

( ) 40. The papers ___ to them.

A. were shown

B. show

C. shown

D. have shown

( ) 41. The coat___her sister.

A. made to

B. were made for

C. was made for

D. was made to ( ) 42. I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.

A. gave

B. was giving

C. had given

D. was given

( ) 43. Good care____such things.

A. should take of

B. should be taken

C. should be taking

D. should be taken of

( ) 44. She will____good care____.

A. take; of

B. be taken; of

C. take; for you

D. be taken; of you ( ) 45. The teacher made him___ his homework.

A. to do

B. do

C. did

D. done

( ) 46. The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.

A. was made to clean

B. made clean

C. made to clean

D. was made clean ( ) 47. These children____dance.

A. were seen to

B. were seen for

C. were seen

D. saw to

( ) 48. These stones___well.

A. are fitted

B. fit

C. fits

D. is fitted

( ) 49. The bike ___ 500 yuan.

A. was cost

B. costed

C. cost

D. is costed ( ) 50. The important meeting ___ on a cold morning last year.

A. was had

B. was held

C. held

D. had

( ) 51. Great changes___ in the past ten years in China.

A. took place

B. have taken place

C. were taking place

D. had taken place

( ) 52. You can't use the computer, it____.

A. was broken down

B. is wrong

C. is bad

D. has broken down ( ) 53. Great changes___in our country during the past 20 years.

A. have happened

B. happened

C. have been happened

D. were happened ( ) 54. The watch has often ___ down.

A. sat

B. lain

C. broken

D. fell

( ) 55. Please pass me another cup. This one___.

A. is broken

B. is breaking

C. broke

D. broken

( ) 56. The story books___ by the writer in the 1960s.

A. are written

B. were written

C. are writing

D. were writing

( ) 57. What time ___ the door ___ every day?

A. does; closed

B. does; close

C. is; closed

D. /; close

( ) 58. Can he___ himself?

A. get dress

B. get dressed

C. gets dressed

D. instead of

( ) 59. He fell from his bike and ___.

A. is hurt

B. gets hurt

C. got hurt

D. hurt

( ) 60. Lookout, please keep away from the fire, or your trousers will__

A. burnt

B. burn

C. burning

D. get burn

( ) 61. The apple___very sweet.

A. is tasted

B. taste

C. tastes

D. are tasting

( ) 62. You___ more beautiful in the light blue shirt.

A. see

B. watch

C. look

D. look at

( ) 63. What you said ___. like a good idea.

A. heard

B. listened

C. sound

D. sounded

( ) 64. -What do you think of the TV play? -Wonderful. It is worth___ a second time.

A. watching

B. watched

C. seen

D. seeing

( ) 65. How dirty the tables are! They need___.

A. to clean

B. clean

C. cleaning

D. cleaned

( ) 66. The book is worth ___.

A. seeing

B. reading

C. seen

D. read

参考答案：

1. 1-5 B D D D C

2. 1-6 B C B B C A

3. 1-3 A B B

4. 1-3 A B A

5. 1-3 B D B

6. 1-3 B A D

7. 1-3 A B A

8. 1-5 D B B C D

9. 1-4 B A D D

10. 1-3 B B A 11. 1-3 B A C 12. 1-3 D D B 13. 1-3 B A A

14. 1-4 B C B 15. 1-4 B D A C 16. 1-3 A B C 17. 1-3 B C D

18. 1-3 C C D 19. 1-3 A C B

初中英语被动语态讲解与练习

初中被动语态语法讲解 (一) 语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done 一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done 现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done 将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. (2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时：

初中被动语态语法讲解知识讲解

初中被动语态语法讲 解

初中被动语态语法讲解 (一) 语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态，列表如下： 一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done 一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done 现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done 将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. (2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时： (1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio. (2) We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted. 6. 过去进行时： (1)The workers were mending the road. The road was being mended.

2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及答案

2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及 答案 the bridge、 The bridge was built by them、 （一）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 1一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught She often watersthe flowers、The flowers are often watered by her’English is spoken by lots of people in the world2一般过去时：was／were＋taught Was/were doneWe visited a form yesterday、A form was visited yesterday by us、the cup was broken by the boy、He was saved at last、My bike was stolen,Some new computers were stolen last night、This book was published in198 1、这本书出版于1981年3一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught Am/ is /are going to be doneShe will plant some trees this week、some trees will be planted this week、our class is going to hold a party this morning、A party is going to be held this evening by our classA new road will be built next year4现在进行时：am／is／are being＋

初中被动语态详细讲解上课讲义

初中被动语态详细讲 解

语法专练---被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被 字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形 式的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例 如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的 构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电 脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保 证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语 就够了） 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的 形式)。

初中英语被动语态精讲

动词语态 英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。 如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。如： They speak English.他们讲英语。 主语“他们”是“讲”这一行为的执行者，是主动句，动词用主动语态来表示； English is spoken by them.英语由他们讲。 主语“英语”是“讲”的承受者，是被动句，动词用被动语态的形式。 He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态） 一、被动语态的构成 1、助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词构成动词的被动语态的形式。助动词be有人称、数和 时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。 二、主动语态变被动语态 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： （1）将主动句的宾语变为主语： 注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom. 主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动作的执行者无须说明或不必要强调时，by短语可以省略。主动语态、被动语态两种时态要保持一致。 （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。 They held a meeting yesterday. →A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。 （3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。 注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. →A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： 含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 三、各种时态的被动语态 1、一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词 We are taught English by her.由她教我们英语。 2、一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 A present was given to me by Mary.玛丽给了我一件礼物。 3、一般将来时：will be+过去分词 The desk will be mended by him.这张桌子将由他修理。 4、现在进行时：am/is/are +being + 过去分词 The walls are being painted now.正在粉刷墙壁。 5、过去进行时：was/were +being + 过去分词

初中英语语法知识—被动语态的全集汇编及答案

一、选择题 1．Both Lily and Lucy ______________to the party yesterday, but they didn't come at all. A．agreed B．sent C．were called D．were invented 2．His plays by millions of people. A．read B．will read C．are read D．is read 3．It's said that petrol(石油) _____________ in less than 100 years. So we should try to walk more instead of driving cars. A．used for B．will be used up C．used up D．will be used for 4．Han Han’s books are popular. They ___________ by many teenagers now . A．is read B．was read C．are read D．were read 5．Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ________ in a short time. A．can learn B．need learn C．can be learned D．need be learned 6．—Where did you go last night? —I to go to Li Lei’s birthday party. A．asked B．am asked C．have been asked D．was asked 7．This book_______by a lot of young people today. A．reads B．are reading C．is read 8．—The park is the oldest one in our city. —Yes. it _______ when I was sixteen years old. A．is built B．was built C．build D．built 9．-Hey, Molly, You______ o n the phone just now. But you weren’t here and the man left a phone number. -Oh? I was in the library. A．wanted B．are wanted C．were wanted D．have wanted 10．May to the party. She enjoyed herself with us. A．invites B．is invited C．was invited D．has invited 11．We hope that more trees________in our city next year. A．plant B．were planted C．planted D．will be planted 12．— What tools ________ to make paper cutting? — Scissors and paper. A．are used B．used C．will use 13．--- Mom, where is my model plane? --- Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday. A．is lent B．lends C．was lent D．lent 14．The flowers ________ every day, or they will die. A．must water B．can be watered C．should water D．must be watered

初中被动语态讲解及练习

被动语态 一、概念： 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。 二、主动句变为被动句的步骤： 1.把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语 2.把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。 3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。 4.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 三、被动语态的用法： 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 We clean our classroom every day. My mother asks me to study hard. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. 3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词 There are two books to be read. There are twenty more trees to be planted. 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词 不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动 语态时，须加上to 。例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，可以使用直接宾语也可以使用间接宾语作被动语态句子的主语。使用直接宾语(物)作主语时，要在动词后加上介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。 He gave me a book. →A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket. →A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.

初中英语动词的主动语态和被动语态讲解

动词的主动语态和被动语态【用法讲解】考试要求： 中考要求掌握：动词的主动语态和被动语态区别与使用，不同时态的被动语态形式及情态动词的被动语态形式。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态是表示句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。 如：We often clean the blackboard.（我们是擦黑板的执行者即主动语态）The blackboard is often cleaned by us.（黑板是clean的承受者即被动语态）。 1.被动语态的结构 一般现在时：am / is / are +及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时：was / were +及物动词的过去分词 一般将来时：will / shall be +及物动词的过去分词 现在完成时：have / has been +及物动词的过去分词 现在进行时：am / is / are being +及物动词的过去分词 过去完成时：had been +及物动词的过去分词 如：Youare wantedon the phone.有你的电话。 Chinawas liberatedin 1949. 1949年中国解放。 The problemwill be discussedtomorrow. 明天将对这个问题进行讨论。 Not a book in the libraryhas been taken away. 图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。 My bikeis being repaired.我的自行车正在修理。

The bookhad been borrowedwhen I got to the library.我到了图书馆时,那本书已经借出去了。 2.主动语态与被动语态的转换 （1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词），根据被动语态句子里主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。 （3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。 如：All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory. He cut down a tree. →A tree was cut down by him. 3.含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. →It should be done at once. 4.含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 主动语态:主语+谓语动词+间接、直接宾语+其他

初中英语被动语态练习题

被动语态 1. The PRC (found) in 1949. 2. Edison’s mother (save) after the operation. 3. I (tell) the good news yesterday. I was pleased to hear that. 4. Dr. Bethune went on with the operation though he (ask) to leave. 5. Very little (know) about the universe thousands of years ago. 6. —Where is Peter? —He (tell) to meet some foreign friends just now. 7. He (live) in this house since it (build). 8. Trees must (put) in the hole so that it is straight. 9. Old people must (speak) to politely. 10. Let’s (go) home if your homework (do). 11. Miss Zhao usually (ask) us some questions in class but yesterday she (ask) a lot of questions by us. 12. Tom (catch) a bad cold. He (must take) good care of. 13. —Look! I (buy) a new dictionary. —When it (buy)? —The day before yesterday. 14. I can’t mend the machine. Uncle Wang should (send) for at once. 15. He showed me the kite as soon as it (make). 16. —this kind of flower (water) every day? —Certainly. It (need) much more water than the others. 17. —Which does Li Lei prefer, the long jump or the high jump? —Of course, the high jump. He (know) to be good at it. 18. Sometimes Tom (take) to school by bike, but now he (walk) to school by himself every morning. 19. No more bread (need) because my mother (buy) so much of it. 20. Stamps can (use) to send and receive letters. 21. My bike (not work) now. It must (mend). I (use) it tomorrow. 22. Your shoes (wear) out. But they can (mend) here. 被动语态专项练习 将下列句子变成被动语态(A) 1.They produce silk in Suzhou. _____________________________. 2. We take good care of our textbooks. ____________________________. 3. Many young people don’t speak Russian. ______________________________. 4. Do you often make lanterns for the traditional Lantern Festival in China?______________. 5. His mother gave him a present for his birthday.________________________________. 6. They didn’t choose me this term. _____________________________________. 7. I often hear him sing in his room. __________________________________. 8. The story made us laugh. ____________________________________. 9. We are going to build a school in the small village. ____________________________. 10. When will you held the match? _______________________________. 11. We should plant many trees on the mountains. ________________________________. 12. His mother told him not to waste time on fishing. _________________________________. 13. Father gave me a toy at Christmas. ______________________________________.

初中英语被动语态讲解原版教学文案

初中英语被动语态讲 解原版

初中英语被动语态讲解原版 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2） has /have been done 现在完成时 例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时 例A new cinema is being built here． 4） was/were done 一般过去时 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5） had been done 过去完成时 例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.[少儿英语口语的提高，如果方法对还是很快的，最好的方法就是让他沉浸在一 个英语的环境中，现在最多人用的类似UIABC 这样的外教一对一教学平台，在一对一的教学中 建立一个纯正的说英语环境，15元/节的价格，也是还算比较经济的。] 6） was/were being done 过去进行时 例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7） shall/will be done 一般将来时 例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8） should/would be done 过去将来时 例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 例The project will have been completed before July. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语 变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。 例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为 被动结构时，要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能 省略。

初中英语被动语态的讲解

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