中考初中英语被动语态讲解(精心整理)

中考初中英语被动语态讲解（精心整理）

被动语态专题

定义

语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。

英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者。被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词

被动语态的时态：

“主动语态变被动语态，时态不变动”，即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。请看下表：

主动语态变被动语态的方法

第一步：先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其中的谓语动词。

第二步：把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词，变宾格为主格。

第三步：把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”，时态不变。

第四步：把主动句中的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时，“by+宾语”在句中常省略。)，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。

请对比下面的主动句和被动句：

主动语态：They(主语)grow(谓语)tea(宾语)in the southeast of China.

被动语态：Tea(主语)is grown(谓语)by them in the southeast of China.

随堂演练（把下列句型改为被动句）

1.Bruce writes a letter every week.

→

2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.

→

3.We grow trees every spring.

→

4.My mother cleans our room every morning.

→

补充：

①S + V +IO +DO双宾语的结构变为被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。若将直接宾语变为主语，需根据习惯在原间宾语前加上介词to或for 。

用to的常见词有：give, show, se nd, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, bring …….

用for的常见词有：design, choose, sing, buy, get, cook ……

to him by Mary.

for her by her father.

随堂演练：

（1）He gave me a book.

→____________________________________(间接宾语作主语)

→____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)

（2）My father bought me a new bike.

→____________________________________(间接宾语作主语)

→____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)

②S+ V+ O+ OC带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的结构变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语不可变为主语。

→

补充：

在主动语态中，使役动词和感官动词后接动词原形（即省to的动词不定式），在变成被动语态时，需将to补上。使役动词let除外。

使役动词和感官动词有：一感（feel）, 二听（hear，listen to）,三让（make, have, let）,四看（look at, see, watch, notice）

I saw him play football on the playground just now.

→He was seen to play football on the playground by me.

随堂演练：

1. We saw them _______(play) football.

They _______ _______ ______ _______ football.

2. We often hear her _______(sing) in English.

She_____ often _____ _____ ____ in English.

另：see, hear 后接doing作宾补时, 在变为被动语态时不加to。

I can hear him singing.

He ________ _______ ______ _______.

被动语态的否定句和一般疑问句

The photos were taken in Japan.

① (改为否定句)

②（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答）

被动语态的用法

(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

My bike was stolen yesterday.

(2)强调动作的执行者时，使用“by+执行者”。

The pen was used by my father.

【注意】只有及物动词才有被动语态。不及物动词如rise，come，go，happen，take place 等，没有被动语态。

被动语态注意点

含“不及物动词+ 介词/副词”（短语动词）的句子变成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉。

She took good care of her grandmother.

→Her grandmother was taken good care of by her.

随堂演练

1.People often talk about that film.

That film is often talked ______.

2.He looks after me very well.

I ________________________________.

3. The nurse took good care of the sick man.

The sick man __________________.

4. We should speak to the old people politely.

The old people should _______________politely.

主动形式表示被动意义. (强调动作自然发生，或事物本身性质)

a)某些连系动词: look, smell, taste, feel, sound。主动形式表示被动意义。

The music ________(听起来) interesting.

b)说明主语特征、状态的词。这类词通常主动表被动。

grow well , ,wash well , write well , sell well，read well, break easily ,hurt badly（疼得厉害）

随堂演练

1. We grow rice every year. And it grows well.

2. The glass was broken by a boy. This kind of glass ______ easily.(容易碎)

3. The pen is sold here. It well . (写起来好)

4. That book is sold here. It ________/_______well. (卖得好) (读起来好)

5. The shirt is washed every day. And it _______well. (洗起来好)

6. I like eating the food. And it ______ well (吃起来好)

7. He _______by a car yesterday. Now, his head _________(疼)badly.

c)当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常主

动表被动。

d)need, want, require等动词以及形容词worth（值得）后面，跟-ing的主动形式表达被动意义。

need doing sth = need to be done

want doing sth = want to be done

require doing sth = require to be done

be worth doing sth 值得被做某事

My old bike needs repairing =My old bike needs to be required。

我的旧自行车需要修一下。

随堂演练

My clothes need ___________ (wash).

The book is worth ___________ (read) twice.

The house needs __________(repair).

表示动作自然发生的动词，如：appear, come out, happen, take place, die, disappear, fall, break down, itch, rise, belong to

随堂演练

1. In summer, leaves ________(落下) .

2. His car ________(抛锚了)on the way here.

3. An accident _____(发生) and he _____(死了).

4. Great changes __________(发生) over the years.

5. A big cloud ________(出现) when the sun _______(消失).

6. Our teacher told us the sun ________(升起) in the east.

二、英语书面表达专项训练

2．诚信是中华民族的传统美德，也是社会主义核心价值观内容之一。而你的朋友Daming最近却被诚信危机所困扰。上周末，他本来和Lingling相约一起去电影院看电影，但是他却因为在家复习考试，把这件事忘了，直到第二天才想起来。因此，Lingling很生气，并且不愿接受Daming的道歉。

请你就此事给校报投稿，以“The Importance of Promise”为题，内容要点如下：

1、简述事件；

2、谈谈自己的看法，并给Daming一些建议。

注意：

1、词数80—100；

2、行文连贯，逻辑合理；

3、文中不能出现真实的校名和人名；

4、文章的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

The Importance of Promise

Dear editor,

People always emphasize（强调） the importance of the promise, and they hate people who break their promise.

Promise is very important. Everyone should keep it.

Yours,

Tony 【答案】The Importance of Promise

Dear editor,

People always emphasize（强调）the importance of the promise, and they hate people who break their promise.

Recently, a thing happened to my friend, and I think it was really his fault. Last weekend, my friend Daming had a date with his friend Lingling to watch a movie. But he totally forgot it that day because of his review for his exam. So Lingling got too angry to forgive him. In my opinion, it was really his fault. Forgetting the date not only led to Lingling’s anger, but also made her lose trust in him. Keeping promises is always the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. What Daming should do now is to ask for forgiveness and promise that he will never do that again. Promise is very important. Everyone should keep it.

Yours,

Tony 【解析】

【分析】

本文为一篇稿件，需要学生通过大明和玲玲之间，大明没有信守承诺的事情，谈自己的看法。信守承诺是中华民族的传统美德，在写作过程中，注意文章结构，先写出大明和玲玲之间的事情，然后再说自己对此的看法。

【详解】

首先，第一句话直接点明作者的观点，大明是犯错了的。然后仔细阐述了事情发生的经过。接下来说出自己对此事件的看法，不信守承诺会导致失去别人的信任，对大明的建议是除了认错之外，还需要再次保证永不再犯。

【点睛】

文章结构清晰，符合逻辑，先表明自己观点，然后阐述事情，提出自己的观点和建议。整篇文章在谋篇布局上，比较严密。除此之外，中间也使用了一些连接词，例如but，so，because of等，使文章更加通顺。

3．(B)根据要求完成大作文,词数:80-100

体育运动是中学生的共同爱好.请根据下面提示写一篇题为What We Get from Sports 的短文,应该包含以下要点:

1,学生参加体育运动的兴趣不同,理由各异.

2.多数学生学习疲倦时,通过运动来放松自己.

3.男孩参加各项体育运动,希望运动能使自己更强壮.

4.女孩也喜欢运动，希望运动使自己减肥和保持健康,苗条.

5.你对运动的观点.

6.注意:文中不得出现自己的名字和学校的名字

7.短文开头已给出,不计入词数.

8.参考词语:keep slim (保持苗条)

What We Get from Sports

Students in our school have one thing in common an interest in

sports._________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________

【答案】Students in our school have one thing in common an interest in sports. But different students have different reasons for taking part in sports.

Many students have sports when they feel tired after study. They just want to relax themselves and have fun. Most boys love sports. They take part in all kinds of sports in order to become stronger. They join in the sports that interest them most, such as soccer, basketball and volleyball. As for girls, they want to lose weight. They want to keep slim, so they also like taking exercise.

In my opinion, no matter what reasons we have, we all can get a lot from sports.

【解析】

【详解】

本篇写作主要是谈论自己对运动的观点和看法，应该用一般现在时态，写作要点要包括：1.提出目前学生对运动的不同看法及原因。2.具体分析（多数学生的观点、男生的观点、女生的观点）。3.提出自己对运动的观点。

亮点说明：这是一篇优秀的作文，很好地完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习惯，准确运用时态，主谓一致，在文中使用了时间状语从句，定语从句，特别使用一些亮点词句，如have fun，in order to，as for，in my opinion等。增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，句子通顺，行文连贯。

4．回首三年，相信你有满满的回忆。在你将踏上新的旅程之际，请给新入学的学弟学妹们两则初中生活的建议，并说说原因，让他们的初中生活更加精彩。

请参考下面的思维导图用英语写一篇80词左右的短文。

School life Teachers and friends Schoolwork and activities

My Advice for Junior High

【答案】例文Junior high is an important stage in your life. As a student who is about to enter junior high, your heart must be filled with expectation. To help you get used to the junior high life, I will share you two pieces of advice. First, establish your routines. By doing this, you can quickly fall into a pattern that feels familiar and comfortable. Second, be sure to try new things. You can join new clubs or take up a new hobby. This will not only get you out of the stressful schoolwork, but also help you make more friends. I hope my advice can be helpful to you and make you enjoy your life in the junior high school.

【解析】

【详解】

这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少，如as a student，must be，filled with，get used to，relax ourselves，two pieces of advice，fall into，join new clubs，take up，not only…but also，make more friends，be helpful to等。而非谓语动词结构To help you get used to the junior high life, I will share you two pieces of advice.和As a student who is about to enter junior high, your heart must be filled with expectation./ By doing this, you can quickly fall into a pattern that feels familiar and comfortable./ I hope my advice can be helpful to you and make you enjoy your life in the junior high school.等复杂从句结构的运用，丰富了短文内容，使表达多样化，是本文的亮点。在学习中注意总结牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章表达更有逻辑性，也更富有条理。

【点睛】

书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是可任意发挥的作文。它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。所以，考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。

5．书面表达

86.目前有不少历史剧在电视上热播.有人通过看历史剧来了解历史，有人选择读史书来了解历史，你选择哪种方法？理由是什么？请你根据以下内容写一篇英语短文。

要求：

（1）词数：80～100个。

（2）开头已给出，不计入总词数。

（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。

Many historical plays have been on TV

recently.________________________________________________

【答案】Many historical plays have been on TV recently. Some people like watching historical TV plays to know about history. They think they are interesting and easy 10 understand. Both the old and the young will have a lot of fun watching them.

Some other people think another way to learn about history is to read books on history. They believe books can tell them the true stories. They can learn and think a lot from them while reading.

I like watching historical TV plays because they make me relaxed and save me much time.

【解析】

【详解】

这是一篇图表，要求介绍人们通过什么方式来了解历史。动笔前先要认真阅读要点，围绕要点组织材料，然后用正确的英语句子把这些内容表达出来，在此基础上亦可适当发挥，注意不要遗漏材料中给出的要点。根据材料可知本文主要是应用第一般现在时态，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。

6．扬州市“五个一百工程” 英语经典文学(English classics)阅读正在全市各地各校全面而深入地推进，这提高了扬州学子的人文科学素养，并促进了他们的终身发展。某校正在开展中学生是否有必要阅读英文经典文学的大讨论，请根据以下问题和要求用英语写一篇文章参与讨论。

1. Do you think reading English classics is necessary? Why? (Give 3 reasons)

2. How do you usually take part in the activity of reading English classics? (Give 3 examples, e.g. take part in the Reading Club, take notes while reading…… )

3. What’s your advice for the students who are weak in English? (Give 1-2 opinions)

要求 1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；

2）必须包括问题中所有的相关信息，并适当发挥；

3）词数：100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；

4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。

With the development of the Five One-hundred Project in Yangzhou, our school has had a

discussion about whether it is necessary for middle school students to read English classics. 【答案】With the development of the Five One-hundred Project in Yangzhou, our school has

had a discussion about whether it is necessary for middle school students to read English classics.

I think reading English classics is not only necessary but also important. First, we can learn a lot

about Western history and culture by reading. Second, by reading classics we can enlarge our

vocabulary and improve our writing. Finally, it can help us with our lifelong learning. So I often

spend my free time reading English classics.

I am in the Reading Club. And I often take notes while reading. What’s more, I sometimes ask the

teacher for help if I have difficulty reading books.

If some students are weak in English, they can read the short and easy English stories at the very

beginning. Well begun is half done. Next, they should keep reading and never give up. Then their

English will be improved little by little.

【解析】

【详解】

这是一篇要求关于某校正在开展中学生是否有必要阅读英文经典文学的大讨论，请根据问

题和要求用英语写一篇文章参与讨论。动笔前先要认真阅读要点，围绕要点组织材料，然

后用正确的英语句子把这些内容表达出来，在此基础上亦可适当发挥，注意不要遗漏材料

中给出的要点。根据材料可知本文主要是应用第一人称，一般现在时态，注意标点符号及

大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。

7．假设你是光明中学的学生李华，你正在参加“发现心灵最美的人，创建城市文明，争做

文明市民” 活动，请根据以下汉语提示写一篇英文发言稿。

1. 上周三放学时，雨下得很大，于是在校门口打了一辆出租车；

2. 下车时由于匆忙把英语书落在车上；书上有你的姓名；

3. 到家发现书不见时，感到很焦急；

4. 幸运的是第二天早上，司机把书送到学校；

5. 当看到自己的书时，既开心又感动；

6. 你应该……你打算/将要. …

参考词汇：感动be moved幸运的是fortunately要求：

1. 词数：80-100；

2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

3. 要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。

Hello，everyone！I am Li Hua from Guangming, Middle School.

Last Wednesday，when I finished school，it

was_______________________________________________

【答案】Hello，everyone！I am Li Hua from Guangming Middle School.

Last Wednesday，when I finished school，it was raining hard（1）.Then l took a taxi at the

school gate（2）.But I left my English book in the taxi（3）because l was in a hurry when L got

out of it（4）.There was my name in my book（5）.When l got home and found my book gone.

I felt very worried and sad（6）Fotunately /Luckily，the next morning，the kind-hearted driver sent it to my school（7）.I was very happy and moved（8）when I saw my book come back. I think I should learn from the driver（9）.And I am going to set up a lost and found website to help the people who need help（10）.

【解析】

【详解】

这是一篇材料作文，根据提示中的相关信息介绍一下你所正在参加“发现心灵最美的人，创建城市文明，争做文明市民” 的这个活动。所提供的信息中列举了1. 上周三放学时，雨下得很大，于是在校门口打了一辆出租车；2. 下车时由于匆忙把英语书落在车上；书上有你的姓名；3. 到家发现书不见时，感到很焦急；4. 幸运的是第二天早上，司机把书送到学校；5. 当看到自己的书时，既开心又感动；6. 你应该……你打算/将要. …；主要从这六个方面去介绍。时态为一般过去时，人称为第一人称。注意发作文中必须包含提示上的所有信息，并适当发挥。写作时，避免使用汉语式的英语，尽量使用我们熟悉的句子或短语。语法要正确，表达要符合英语习惯，注意时态、时间状语的搭配及主谓一致问题。写作中适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系，表达具有条理性。

【高分句型一】

I left my English book in the taxi because I was in a hurry when I got out of it. 我把英语书忘在出租车上了，因为我下车时很匆忙。

句子I because I was in a hurry when I got out of it.是由because引导的原因状语从句。

【高分句型二】

I was very happy and moved when I saw my book come back. 当我看到我的书回来时，我非常高兴和感动。

句子when I saw my book come back.是由when引导的时间状语从句。

8．书面表达

中考后暑假即将开始，你和一些同学准备结伴出国旅行。旅行社提供了两个国家供你选择游玩。请根据旅行社提供的信息，将你的选择用英文向同学们介绍。

要求：

1. 所写内容必须包括某一国家的所有信息及选择的理由；

2. 结合游玩国家的情况，自拟希望可以安排的活动，并提出1-2点出游的注意事项；

3. 文章不少于90词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

4. 语义通顺、意思连贯、条理清楚、书写规范；

5. 不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。

The summer holiday is coming. I think it’s a good idea to travel abroad.

I hope I will have a good time there!

【答案】The summer holiday is coming. I think it’s a good idea to travel abroad. I have read information about two countries——Britain and Australia. I like britain. So I think we can go to Britain.The time is july 1 to july 14. Its activities include visiting the buckingham palace,visiting the british museum, and watching football matches.The first, I want us to visit the Buckingham Palace and the british museum, I think it is very helpful for us to understand the history and culture of Britain. Next I hope to watch football matches. I like football very much. It will be exciting. However, the weather in Britain is changeable, which will make our trip inconvenient. And it's expensive to travel to the UK, which costs 20000 yuan, But I still want to travel to England.

I hope I will have a good time there!

【解析】

【详解】

这是一篇给材料作文。中考后暑假即将开始，你和一些同学准备结伴出国旅行。旅行社提供了两个国家供你选择游玩。要求根据旅行社提供的信息将你的选择用英文向同学们介绍。首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作。在写作时，注意连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。

9．书面表达

请根据提示内容，以My low-carbon life为题写一篇英语短文，谈谈你的“低碳生活”，以及你对“低碳生活”的认识。

提示：1. 出行方式

2. 不浪费纸、水、电等

3. 其他低碳生活的方式（补充一点）

4. 低碳生活的作用

注意：1．词数80左右，开头已经写好，不计入总词数；

2．回复须包括所有要点，可适当发挥，使全文连贯、通顺；

3．文中不得提及真实的人名等相关信息。

My low-carbon life

Low-carbon life is a kind of lifestyle. It’s a habit to save all the sources of energy around us. It’s important to protect our environment. _______________________

_________________________________________________________________

【答案】My low-carbon life

Low-carbon life is a kind of lifestyle. It’s a habit to save all the sources of energy around us. It’s important to protect our environment. First, I always go to school on foot and tell my parents to walk to work instead of driving the car. Second, I save water and electricity by turning off the taps , fans; TV sets and lights in time when I don't need them. What's more, water is reused by us in my family all the time. Third, I use the both sides of the paper. I think it is good to make full use of paper. By doing this, we can save many trees. At last, I would go shopping with basket rather than plastic bags.

I believe our life will become better and better if we can do these things.

Lower carbon, happier life. Let's take actions.

【解析】

【详解】

这是一篇话题作文。请根据提示内容，以My low-carbon life为题写一篇英语短文，谈谈你的“低碳生活”，以及你对“低碳生活”的认识。本文时态主要为一般现在时。人称主要为第一人称。认真阅读所给提示要点，确定主题，根据要点列出提纲，所写内容必须包括所有要点，可适当发挥，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范。写完以后，注意再读一遍，看看有无单词拼写、标点、语法错误（时态、主谓一致等）。本文提纲：

我的低碳生活

低碳生活是一种生活方式。节约我们周围所有的能源是一种习惯。保护我们的环境很重要。首先，我总是步行去上学，告诉父母步行去上班，而不要开车。其次，当我不需要的时候，我会及时关掉水龙头、风扇、电视机和电灯，以节约用水和用电。更重要的是，我们家里的水一直都在重复利用。第三，我使用纸张的两面。我认为充分利用纸张是件好事。通过这样做，我们可以拯救许多树木。最后，我会带着篮子购物而不使用塑料袋。

我相信如果我们能做这些事情，我们的生活会越来越好。

低碳，快乐生活。我们采取行动吧。

【点睛】

书面表达要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。语言要规范，时态运用要正确，叙述清楚条里，学习中注意总结，牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用。注意书写的规范：大小写、标点符号等的正确运用。注意检查：单词拼写、语法、动词时态、语序、主谓一致等。写作六步法：1.审题：

文体，时态，人称。2.抓住要点：要点是否齐全，适当补充。3.扩充句子：通过增加状语，定语，连词，使句子意思饱满充实。4.连句成文，合理使用连词。5.改正错误：拼写是否错误，语法时态是否正确，连词是否恰当等。6.誊写作文：注意书写工整美观整洁。

初三英语被动语态

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2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及答案

2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及 答案 the bridge、 The bridge was built by them、 （一）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 1一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught She often watersthe flowers、The flowers are often watered by her’English is spoken by lots of people in the world2一般过去时：was／were＋taught Was/were doneWe visited a form yesterday、A form was visited yesterday by us、the cup was broken by the boy、He was saved at last、My bike was stolen,Some new computers were stolen last night、This book was published in198 1、这本书出版于1981年3一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught Am/ is /are going to be doneShe will plant some trees this week、some trees will be planted this week、our class is going to hold a party this morning、A party is going to be held this evening by our classA new road will be built next year4现在进行时：am／is／are being＋

初中英语被动语态专项练习

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过去进行时：主语+was/were+being+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 现在完成时：主语+have/has+been+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 2、含有情态动词的被动语态 主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 三、被动语态的用法 1、怎样确定该用被动语态？ （1）不知道或者没有必要说明动作的执行者。 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 我们在做题时要注意：如果主语能执行这个动作，就用主动语态；主语不能执行动作，反而要被动作去执行，这时就用被动语态。 2、用被动语态要注意两个问题 （1）不管是把主动语态变被动语态还是把被动语态变主动语态都要保持时态一致 （2）在主动语态中make,see,let等省to的在被动语态中要加上to. 3、不能使用被动语态的情况： （1）不及物动词不能用于被动语态，如：happen,take place,last,cost,change，begin等 （2）当直接宾语是反身代词时，不能用被动语态 连系词无被动，而是用主动形式表示被动意义如：

初中英语被动语态的教案

被动语态 授课人：授课时间： 一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。 例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 判断：你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？ We call the doctor. People don’t play football here. The truck was cleaned yesterday. Mr Chen teaches us English. The classroom was cleaned.

二、被动语态的构成：be+动词的过去分词+by sb（be+done) 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught 含有情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should... +be done 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、主动变被动的方法 口诀：主变宾，宾变主，By 句尾跟 Be 字变，Vpp跟后面 一、选择题（2×15=30分） 一、选择题（2×15=30分） ( ) a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build

初中英语被动语态讲解与练习

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初中英语动词的主动语态和被动语态讲解

动词的主动语态和被动语态【用法讲解】考试要求： 中考要求掌握：动词的主动语态和被动语态区别与使用，不同时态的被动语态形式及情态动词的被动语态形式。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态是表示句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。 如：We often clean the blackboard.（我们是擦黑板的执行者即主动语态）The blackboard is often cleaned by us.（黑板是clean的承受者即被动语态）。 1.被动语态的结构 一般现在时：am / is / are +及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时：was / were +及物动词的过去分词 一般将来时：will / shall be +及物动词的过去分词 现在完成时：have / has been +及物动词的过去分词 现在进行时：am / is / are being +及物动词的过去分词 过去完成时：had been +及物动词的过去分词 如：Youare wantedon the phone.有你的电话。 Chinawas liberatedin 1949. 1949年中国解放。 The problemwill be discussedtomorrow. 明天将对这个问题进行讨论。 Not a book in the libraryhas been taken away. 图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。 My bikeis being repaired.我的自行车正在修理。

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英语被动语态讲解及练习 一、什么是被动语态？ 英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即：主动语态和被动语态。所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。”，“这座楼房是由他们建造的。” 二、被动语态的结构 那么，英语中被动语态是怎么样构成的呢？请看下面的例句（注意划线部分）： His bicycle was stolen. The building has been built in 2000. 通过上面的例句，可以看出，“被动语态”的构成是： be + 过去分词+ (by+动作执行者) 三、被动语态的运用 什么情况下要用被动语态呢？一般地说，有下面几种情况： （1）不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。例如： Paper is made from wood. （纸是由木材生产出来的。） The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. （这座房子太旧了。它是1950年建成的。） He was wounded in the fight. （他在战斗在受伤了。） Electricity is used to run machines. （电是用来开动机器的。） （2）需要强调动作的对象时。例如： Calculator can't be used in the maths exam.

（计算器不能用于数学考试。） Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn’t be taken away. （阅览室的书籍和报纸不准带走。） He was awarded first prize in that contest. （他在比赛中获得了第一。） （3）为了使语气婉转，避免提到是谁做的这件事。例如： The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. （新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。） 四、各种时态的被动语态举例 一般地讲，被动语态可用于英语的各种时态。为了能准确地运用被动语态，重点是要掌握be动词的各种时态变化。各种时态的被动语态举例如下： 1、一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned every day. This car is made in China. 2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词 His desk was cleaned just now. The station was built in 1928. 3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词 A new factory is being built in our city now. Some trees are being cut down in the park. 4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词

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