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西南交通大学研究生科技英语翻译期末复习题

科技英语翻译联系200句

transmit electromagnetic waves takes energy.

传送电磁波需要能量

control will do most of things in pest control.

化学防治能在病虫害防治中起主要作用。

is not until wires are connected that the path is completed.

直到导线接上以后，此电路才接通。 odds are heavily against any man being able to do the work in the field of abstract theory that Einstein is doing.

对任何能从事爱因斯坦正在进行的抽象理论研究的人来说，条件都是极为不利的。

design is of an art rather than an exact science.

与其说振荡器的设计是一门严谨的科学，不如说它是一门艺术。

rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed.

发现迅速减少到（了）1/7。

and animals which hunt at night have eyes which contain few or no cones at all,so they cannot see colors.

凡是夜间觅食的飞禽走兽，因为眼睛中的视维细胞数量极少或根本没有，所以不能辨别颜色。

is sometimes powerful enough to destroy a coastwise building it strikes.

海啸有时威力很大，足可摧毁它所冲击的沿岸的建筑物。

everybody is convinced the Leaning Tower of Pisa really can be saved.

并非每个人都相信比萨斜塔真的能免于坍塌。

crane has a certain hitting

capacity, ranging from a few tons to many hundreds of tons.每台起重机均有一定的起重力（量），该起重力（量）从几吨到几百吨不等。

best solution is continue to reduce all sources of pollution affecting our atmousphere.

最好的方法是继续减少影响大气层的各种污染物。

12. Quantum chemistry is still in its infancy.

量子化学仍处于发展初期。

is these drawbacks which need to be eliminated and which have led to the search for new processes.

正是因为这些缺点需要消除，才导致了对新方法的探求。

systems often need extraordinary precautions to guard against possible break down of computer.

实时系统往往需要特别小心，以防止计算机可能发生故障。

steam engine uses a fire in a boiler rather than inside the engine.

蒸汽机所利用的是锅炉中的火，而不是发动机里边的火。

principal advantage of the products is a two-fold reduction in weight.

这些产品的主要优点是重量减轻了1/2。

primary purpose in studying fatigue is to understand why failures occur so that we can guard against them in an optimum manner.

我们研究疲劳的主要目的在于了解产生失效的原因，以便能以最佳的方式加以预防。

system will build on the

knowledge and experience gained in developing the existing suite of software products.

这个系统的基础是从开发现有的成套软件产品中所获得的知识和经验。

metals do not conduct electricity equally well.

并非所有的金属的导电性能都同样好。

means that the mass of the comet cannot have amounted to as much as one ten-thousandth of that of the earth.

这表明这颗彗星的质量甚至不到地球质量的万分之一。

programs help to determine when to replace parts.

检验计划有助于确定更换零件的时间。

health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat ,which contains the most easily absorbed from of iron.

许多保健意识太强的女性也很危险，因为他们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉等肉，而这些肉中所含的铁质量最容易被吸收。

consider it no use adding more catalysts in the solution.

他们认为在溶液里再加催化剂没有用。

24The entire circuit should be checked against the schematic diagram.

应该对照示意图检查整个电路。

is so because the resistance to motion is essentially due to the deformation of the rolling elements and,hence, is not a sliding phenomenon.

之所以这样，是因为对运动的阻力源于滚动零件的变形，而不是滑动

现象。

equipment reduced the error probability by a factor of 5.

该设备误差概率降低了（到）4/5。 we commonly call metals are in fact not metals but alloys.

我们通常称作金属的东西，实际上并不是金属，而是合金。

few people were infected with the AIDS virus through blood transfusions.

曾有少数人通过输血传染上了艾滋病毒。

performance of the machine is short of the requirements.

这台机器的性能没有达到要求。

major advantages of the transistor as used in electronic circuits are light weight，small space，low power consumption .使用在电子电路中的晶体管的主要优点是重量轻，体积小，耗电量低。 specific method of cutting should be employed to decrease the generation of an andante amount of heat.

应采用特殊的切割方法减少过多热量的产生。

32. While this restriction on the size of the circuit holds, the law is valid.

只要电路尺寸符合上述的限制，这条定律就能适应于该电路。“weightless”condition of astronauts in orbit about the earth arises from just this cancellation of inertial and gravitational forces.

围绕地球运转时宇航员的“失重”状态，就是由于惯性力与引力相互抵消的结果。

is well-known that a moving electrical charge generates a circular magnetic field around

its path

众所周知，运动中的电荷在其路途周围产生一个环形磁场。

calculation of the values involves so many factors that only a computer can cope with it.这些数值的计算包含如此多的因子，以至于只有计算机才能对付得了。

the voltage is stepped up by ten times, the strength of the current is stepped down by ten times.

电压升高9倍，电流强度便降低

9/10。

energy and matter behave, how they interact one with the other, and how we control them make up the substance of two basic physical sciences, physics and chemistry.

能量和物质具有什么特性，他们怎样相互作用以及我们如何控制它们，这就构成了物理和化学两门基础科学的内容。

any machine whose input and forces are known, its mechanical advantage can be calculated.

对任何机器来说，如果知其输入力和输出力，就能求出其机械效率。 such cases an antifriction bearing might be a poor answer.这时如果用减摩轴承，可能不是一种好的解决方法。

amount of heat given out by the heater increases in direct proportion to the length of time the heater is on.

加热器所放出的热量与加热器开的时间长短成正比。

oxygen was blown into, bacteria was stimulated to eat the toxic wastes.

注入氧气后，促使细菌吞噬掉有毒

的污物。

best solution that science and medicine have come up with so far is the sleeping pill, which is another mixed blessing.

迄今为止，科学和医学对此提出的最佳解决方案是安眠药片，但这也是既有利又有弊。

follows that radar is an electronic system for locating aircraft or cloud patterns.

由此可见，雷达是用来测定飞机位置或云形位置的电子系统。

entire disk pack might hold around 300 million bytes or characters.

一个整磁盘可能容纳大约3亿个信息组和电码组合。

before have so many people applied such abstract mathematics to so great a variety of problems.从来没有过这么多的人，把如此抽象的数学用于解决种类如此繁多的问题。

sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper.

这种薄膜纸比普通纸张要薄一半。

charges, positive and negative, which are responsible for electrical force, can wipe one another out and disappear.

产生电场的正负电荷会相互抵消掉。

the ozone layer, plants and animals would also be affected.如果没有臭氧层，动植物也将受到影响。

the laws of motion as a basis, thousands of discoveries and inventions would have been out of the question.

没有运动规律作为基础，就不可能有成千上万的发现和发明。

species that live on our Earth from its natural environment, and in their diversity the maintain an intricate balance with the Earth and with each other.

生存在我们地球上的物种形成了它们的自然环境，它们以其多样性保持着与地球的平衡和互相间的平衡。

immunity system of a human body is beautifully designed to meet most of its problems.

人体免疫系统十分精妙，足以应付大部分疾病。

come in wide variety of size and capabilities.

计算机大小不一，能力各异。

is at once apparent that the current flows through T1 an T2 on a half and half basis in this circuit configuration.

一目了然，在这种电路中，电流平均的流过T1和T2。

type of turbine usually rotates at a very high speed, around 20,000 to 25,000r/m.

这种涡轮机通常以非常高的速度运转，每分钟约为两万到两万五千转。 the molecular weights increase, so do the melting and boiling points.

随着分子量的增大，熔点和沸点也提高了。

time of the new-type transistor is shortened 3 times.

新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了2/3. wire must not be in contact with the air or it will become oxidized and burn out.

金属丝不应与空气接触，否则会被氧化并烧毁。

58. Entire epochs have been named for material.

人们往往用某个材料来命名一个时代。

59. Dynamics is a discipline that cannot be mastered without extensive practice.

动力学是一门要做大量练习才能掌握的学科。

60. This current changing the magnetic field will change.

如果这一电流变化，磁场也会变化。

61. They cited cases of identical twins reared in different homes who developed very different characteristics despite identical heredity.

他们列举了一些这样的事例，在不同的家庭抚养的一队双胞胎尽管遗传特性完全相同，但会养成完全不同的个性。

62. It goes without saying that agriculture engineering involves both the natural sciences and the biological sciences.

不言而喻，农业工程包括自然科学和生物学。

63. The high-voltage transmission lines of most power are arranged as networks.

大多数高压输电线按网路方式布局。

64. Just as the rate of the flow of water can be measured in gallons per second, so is the rate of the flow of electricity measured in amperes.

电流的流量用安培来计算，正像水的流量能够用每秒加仑来计量一样。

65. The hydrogen atom is nearly 16 times as light as oxygen atom.氢原子的质量约为氧原子的1/16。

66. The atmosphere, therefore, is heated by contact with the

surface and vertical motion thereby ensures.

这样，大气由于与地面接触而被加热，从而引起了垂直对流。

67. Problem should be resolved in good time.

有问题要及时加以解决。

68. The importance of proper lubrication cannot be overemphasized.

应特别强调适当进行润滑的重要性。

69. A liquid is made to circulate through pipes in the refrigerator, picking up heat from the food.

可以使某种溶液在冰箱的管子中环流，从而带走食物中的热量。

70. Two spacecraft are being launched to probe the atmosphere of Venus.

将发射两个航天器来探测金星的大气层。

71. After the war much of this knowledge was poured into developing of the computers.

战后，这项知识大量的应用于研制计算机。

72. It has been found that the current mechanism in semi-conductors is entirely different from that in metal conductors.

人们发现，半导体的电流原理与金属导体的电流原理完全不同。

73. We may picture an atom as made up of a positive nuclear surrounded by electrons.

我们可以设想原子的结构是一个带正电荷的原子核外面围着若干电子。

74. Frictional forces, too, may also act when there is no relative motion.

在没有相对运动的情况下，也可以有摩擦力的作用。

75. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year.

集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。

76. Providing that we know both the current and resistance, the voltage can be calculated.

知道了电流和电阻，就能求出电压。

77. Matter is transported in a circulatory system .

循环系统输送物质。

78. Little information is given as to the origin of life.

关于生命起源方面的资料极少。79. Lubricated frequently, bearings will wear.

即使经常给轴承润滑，还是会磨损。

80. Two cables, thirty miles long, run under the sea from English to France.

从英国到法国的海底，敷设了两条三十英里长的电缆。

81. In developing the design, we must consider the feasibility of processing.

在进行设计时，必须考虑加工的可能性。

82. It is important to learn when the environment is not good for plants and animals, it is not good for man.

懂得当环境不利于动植物时也不利于人类这一点是很重要的。

83. There might be a massive black hole at the center of our galaxy swallowing up stars as a very rapid rate.

在银河系中心也许有一个巨大的黑洞正以极快的速度吞噬星球。

84. Too small spacing among the

plant stands is causative of the crop failure.

株距太小是农作物歉收的原因。85. The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled.

这个机器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。

86. As far as a whole is concerned, the body is electrically natural, when the total number of protons equals the total number of electrons.当质子总数等于电子总数时，这个物体就整体而言是中性。

87. A special fund has been set up to help these nations use new chemicals and technology.

已经建立了特殊基金资助那些国家使用新的化学品和新技术。

88. The motor did not stop because the electricity was off.电机停止运转，并非因为电源切断了。

89. Knowing the strength, it is possible to work backward and determine what factor of safety was used.

由于知道其强度，便可以反过来求出所用的安全系数值。

90. When the wires have been joined, care must be taken that water and damp cannot get to them.

把线接好后，千万要注意，勿使接头处沾水或受潮。

91. Other isolation methods are being developed.

目前正在研究其他隔离方法。

92. It was not until Madame Curie discovered radium that people have idea of what radioactivity was.

直到居里夫人发现了镭以后，人们

才开始了解放射性。

93． By convention an atom of an element is represented by an abbreviation of the element’s name.

按照惯例，一种元素的原子由该元素名称的缩写来表示。

94. The alloy is too cheap for us not to use it widely in industry.这种合金造价很低，我们可以把它广泛的用于工业上。

95. A proton weighs almost 2,000 times as much as does an electron.

质子的重量几乎是电子重量的两千倍。

96. Engineering while not a basic science, draws heavily upon the scientific disciplines when it goes to any practical field.

虽然工程学不是一门基础学科，但是当它应用于任何一个实际领域时，都会大量的使用许多学科的知识。

97. No case has ever been found in which Conservation of Energy doesn’t hold.

尚未发现能量守恒定律不适用的情况。

98. Under no circumstances can energy be created or destroyed.在任何情况下，能量即不能创造，也不能消灭。

99. Heated, water will change to vapor.

水受热后就会汽化。

100. In any case work does not include time, but power does.

在任何情况下，功都不包括时间，但功率包括时间。

101. Being small and light makes transistors more advantageous to vacuum tubes.

由于尺寸小，重量轻，晶体管由于真空管。

102. The earthquake measured on the Richter scale.

这次地震震级为里氏震级。

103. They are regarded as electrons moving backward in time.

他们被认为是逆着时间而(逆时针)运动的负电子。

104. With the battery terminals reversed, the result is very different.

如果将电池组的接头反接，结果完全不同。

105. Light travels at the rate of 300,000 kilometers per second.

光以每秒30万千米的速度传播。106. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year.集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。

107. The lymph does not circulate as the blood does, so its movement depends largely on the squeezing effect of muscle contractions.

淋巴不能像血液那样循环，其运动很大程度上依赖肌肉收缩的挤压作用。

108. The velocity of light is as great as that of radio waves in vacuum.

光的速度和无线电波在真空中的速度一样大。

109. An electric current produces a magnetic field around it.

电流在其周围产生磁场。

110. The speed of the fission is difficult to control.

裂变的速度难以控制。

111．Compressors can work by throwing out date unimportant to the overall quality of the image.

压缩程序能删除那些对图像整体质量无足轻重的数据。

112. We must reflect what measures to take in case of any accidental collapse of a bed.

我们必须考虑一下如果床层意外崩塌应采取什么措施。

113. This is what the information systems community should be striving to achieve.这是信息系统界应追求实现的东西。

114. Copper, with its extremely high coefficient of expansion, expands more during heating than steel does.

由于铜的膨胀系数特别高，铜在加热时比钢膨胀得多。115. The temperature in the furnace is not always above 1,000℃.

炉内的温度并不是每次都超过1000℃。

116. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against 1986.

化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。117. Energy is the ability to do work, energy is also stored work.

能是做功的能力，能也是储存的功。118. These atoms are separated by distances larger than their diameters.

这些原子相隔距离的长度超过了它们的直径。

119. Air is not visible, but it is matter.

空气是看不见的，但空气是物质。120. The immunity system of a

human body is beautifully designed to meet most of problems.

人体免疫系统十分精妙，足以应付大部分疾病。

121. It is not always possible to distinguish them(nonheritable variations不可遗传变异)from heritable variations without performing an experiment.

不进行试验要将其（不可遗传变异）与可遗传变异区分开来有时是不可能的。

122. A mathematical or logical operation must meet a certain condition.

数学操作或逻辑操作必须符合某种条件。

123. If the bearing were not lubricated, they would rapidly overheat.

假如轴承未加润滑的话，轴承很快就过热了。

124. With its great potential, the wide use of optical communications will not come overnight.

虽然光通讯有巨大的发展潜力，但它不会在一夜之间就得到广泛的应用。

125. The number of known hydrocarbons runs into tens of thousands.

已知的碳氢化合物多达几万种。126. A record high increase in value of four times was reported.

据报道，价值破纪录地增长了3倍。127. If the temperature rises high enough, the change in the alloy structure will take place.若温度升得很高，合金的结构便会发生变化。

128. Transistors need much less

current, and produce much less heat, than comparable electronic vales.

与相应的电子管相比，晶体管需要的电流小得多，所产生的热也少得多。

129. The resistance of a conductor also depends on the kind of substance that it is made of.

导体的电阻也取决于组成该导体的物质的种类。

130. The best way to achieve this is by using existing internet standards.

实现这一点最有效的方法就是使用现存的因特网的语言标准。

131. Future applications for such a system include verifying credit card signatures and automatic teller machine transactions.这种系统未来的应用包括验证信用卡上的签名和自动出纳机的业务。132．Interactive programming conditions are now available for some commercial programming languages.

交互编程环境现在能用于一些商用编程语言。

133. All who have studied this question have come to same conclusion.

研究了这一问题的人都得出了同样的结论。

134. If the vacuum fails, it should be corrected without delay.

如果真空破坏了，应立即校正。135. These measures reduced the normal death-rate to below percent.

这些措施使人口的正常死亡率下降到%以下。

136. The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled.

这些机器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。

137. Some medical researchers think that that the HIV virus may not be enough by itself to trigger AIDS.

有些研究人员认为，HIV病毒本身也许并不足以引发艾滋病。

138. Solids expand much less than liquids or gases.

固体的膨胀程度比液体和气体小得多。

139. It is important to learn when the environment is not good for plant and animals, it is not good for man.

懂得但环境不利于动植物时也不利于人类这一点是很重要的。

140. Usually there is no necessity to filter this voltage before applying it to the load.这种电压用于负载时不必先滤波。141. Excess adhesive shall be carefully removed to prevent running to other surfaces.

擦去多余的粘结剂要十分小心，以免留到其他表面上。

142． The frequency with which the filter should be removed, inspected, and cleaned will be determined primarily by aircraft operating conditions.过滤器拆卸，检查及清洗的次数，主要取决于飞机的运行状况。143. To protect heat from escaping by convection, we used a layer of air about an inch thick.

我们使用约1英寸厚的空气层来防止对流引起的热量损失。

144. An atom can lose one or more of its outer electrons without changing its chemical identity.一个原子可能失去一个或数个外层电子，而不改变其化学性能。145. The efficiency of the best of these steam locomotives is under 16 percent.

这些蒸汽机中，最佳者的效率也不足16%。

146. With the result of automation productive has increased 6 times in that factory.

自动化的结果，那个工厂的生产率增加了5倍。

147. It makes itself felt in a circuit only when there is a changing current.

只是在电流发生变化时，它才会被人们所觉察。

148. In liquid the molecules are much closer together than they are in gases.

在液体中，分子之间的距离比气体中近得多。

149. Much work has been done in order that date can be transmitted by television.

人们已做了大量的工作，使情报资料可以通过电视来播送。

150. When oxygen was blown into, bacteria was stimulated to eat the toxic wastes.

当注入氧气后，促使细菌吞噬掉有毒的污物。

151. The purpose of a foundation is carrying the load of a structure.

地基的作用是承受结构的载荷。152. Packaged software is developed to serve the specific needs of one user.

软件包的开发只是为某一用户的特

定需要服务的。

153. By conductivity we mean the ability to conduct an electric current.

导电性就是指传到电流的能力。154. Without the telescope, mechanics would have taken a slower course.

如果不是发明了望远镜，力学的发展可能会迟缓一些。

155. The oxygen content of air is about 21%.

空气中氧的含量约为21%。

156. The melting point of this metal is greater than that of copper by approximately times.这种金属的熔点大约比铜高倍。157. Inflation could not be controlled, but rather got worse and worse.

通货膨胀没有得到控制，反而越来越严重。158. Nowadays, more and more plastic products are used in place of metal.

现在，越来越多的塑料制品被用来替代金属。

159. Much of the heat inside the earth is produced by radioactive elements.

地球内部的大部分热是由放射性元素说产生的。

160. The specific method of cutting should be employed to decrease the generation of an undue amount of heat.

应采用特殊的切割方法减少过多的热量的产生。

161. What the TV camera does is breaking the picture up into a number of lines consisting of very small points of light.

摄像机的功能就是吧图像分解成许许多多由微小光点组成的线条。

162. Noises may develop in a worn engine.

磨损了的引擎里可能会产生各种噪音。

163. There are no constants at all, and measurements of time and space depend on the position of the observer---they are relative.

不存在什么恒量，时间和空间的测量结果取决于观察着的位置——它们是相对的。

164. The density of the air varies directly as pressure with temperature constant.

当温度不变时空气的密度同压力成正比。

165. At the same time, the infant mortality decreased from the 20% of the 1960 to 10% if the 1990.同时婴儿死亡率从1960年的20%降到1990的10%。166. The length of the process was reduced to four times.

进度缩短了1/4。

167. In case of small current measurements the insulating materials available are rather limited.

就小电流测量而言，可用绝缘体材料的选择相当有限。

168. The accumulation of more and more details of the process leads to a more and more accurate explanation of its mechanism.

有关该过程的细节积累越来越多，对其机制的解释就越来越精确。169. There is a rational mathematical approach to every design decision.

每种设计策略都有一种合理的数学方法。

170. Penicillin works by not allowing a bacterium to build

科技英语翻译考试题目

Part I: Translate the Chinese in the brackets into English. (15%) 1. ____________________(爱因斯坦相对论)is the only one which can explain such phenomena. 2. Rate of penetration was found to ____________________ (与……成正比) the net pressure applied by the tool. 3. Being a ______________(非良导体/绝缘体), rubber is often used in cables. 4. Properly speaking, ___________(并非所有的物质) exist in three states. 5. An electric current produces ______________(磁场) around it. 6. With the result of automation, productivity has ___ ___________ (增加了5倍) in that factory. 7. Copper and aluminum are the best conductors of electric current ______________(仅次于银). 8. The neutron has __________________(既不带正电荷，也不带负电荷). 9. When the water temperature is increased, it vaporized more quickly until it reaches ________（沸点）. 10. A __________(变压器) is a very useful device, even though it can be sued only with alternating current. Part Ⅱ: Choose the better rendition for each of the following sentences.(20%) 1.由于我在会上发表论文，如蒙介绍有关会议的详细情况，不胜感激。 A) Because I will deliver a thesis at the conference, I shall appreciate it very much if you could introduce to me the detailed condition of the meeting. B) As I will present a paper at the conference, I will be grateful if you could supply me with detailed information about the meeting. 2. 西安附上我提供会议的论文，题目是“动物克隆在中国”，一式三份，如果要发电子邮件以转录软盘，我可以立即发出。 A) I am enclosing herewith my paper of the topic of “Animal Cloning in China” one form in three B) I am enclosing, in three copies, my paper entitled “Animal Closing in China” for the conference. If req uired, I can send an e-mail for the disk right away. 3．核能发电，是在20世纪才发展起来的新事物。不幸的是，建立和维持核发电厂的成本很高，使得建设速度要比原先预料的慢许多。---中国的第一座核发电厂，是于20世纪后期建立在深圳，靠近香港。 A) Using nuclear energy to generate electricity is a new thing developed in the 20th century. What is unfortunate is that the costs of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant are very high, making the speed of construction much slower than previously predicted. ----China’s first nuclear power plant was built in the late 20th century at Shenzhen near Hongkong. B) The production of nuclear power is a new development of the 20th century. Unfortunately, the high costs of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant have led to a much slower rate of growth than was predicted. -----China’s first nuclear power plant was built in the late 20th century at Shenzhen near Hongkong. 4. 不少科学家论证说，三国演义里所说的“木牛流马”，可能是一些有相当复杂性的机器，其工作原理可说类似于今天的某些器械装置。 A) Quite a few scientists say by reasoning that the “wooden cows, running horses” described in the Romance of the Three Kingdo ms could be rather complex machines whose working principles can be said to be like certain mechanical devices of today. B) Quite a few scientists argue that the “wooden cows, running horses” described in the Romance of Three Kingdoms could be machines of sufficient complexity working on principles supposedly similar to certain present-day mechanical devices. 5. 摘要：本文简单叙述和分析了本实验室最近对猪流感病毒所作的两次实验的成果。 A) Abstract: The results of two experiments on swine flu virus are briefly described and analyzed. B) Abstract: this article simply states and analyzes the results of two experimental tests this laboratory recently performed in the research on swine flu virus. 6. 珠江三角洲在中国的南部，气候良好，交通系统效率高，一向工农业都在快速发展。 A) The Pearl River Delta is to the south of China. It has a nice weather and a highly efficient communication system. Both of its industry and agriculture

实用科技英语翻译-期末考试复习题

2009-2010学年第2学期《实用科技英语翻译》期末考试题型和复习题 I Answer the following questions related to EST Translation (30’)（2个题） 1. What’s the definition of EST (English of Science & Technology)? EST (English for Science & Technology or Technical English or Scientific English) is a special language variety widely used in the fields of science and technology. It’s believed that it first came to being in the 1950s along with the rapid development of science and technology, and it many researchers and scholars began to conduct investigation of this common feature of this special genre including reading comprehension, writing and even translation. 2. What are stylistic features of EST? Completely different from other genres such as everyday English, literature English, EST has its own stylistic features due to the specialty in content, field and discourse functions, and partly due to the unique habits of EST writers, which are mostly represented in lexical level and syntactical level. 3. What are the general features of Compound Technical Terms? A. accuracy（确切性）: accurately reflect the nature of the concept B. monosemy（单义性）: one sense for one word C .systematization（系统性）:the individual technical terms in a given field should be in a specific level so as to constitute a common system D. linguistically correct（语言的正确性）: in accordance with the word-formation in the same language E. conciseness（简明性）: concise and easy to remember F. motivation（理据性）: just as the name implies, one can know the meaning of the word.

小议科技英语翻译技巧

小议科技英语翻译技巧科技文体崇尚严谨周密，概念准确，逻辑性强，行文简练，重点突出，句式严整，少有变化，常用前置性陈述，即在句中将主要信息尽量前置，通过主语传递主要信息。科技文章文体的特点是：清晰、准确、精练、严密。那末，科技文章的语言结构特色在翻译过程中如何处理，这是进行英汉科技翻译时需要探讨的问题。现分述如下：一、大量使用名词化结构大量使用名词化结构（Nominalization）是科技英语的特点之一。因为科技文体要求行文简洁、表达客观、内容确切、信息量大、强调存在的事实。而非某一行为。 Archimedes first discovered the principle of displacement of water by solid bodies. 阿基米德最先发展固体排水的原理。句中of displacement of water by solid bodies 系名词化结构，一方面简化了同位语从句，另一方强调displacement 这一事实。 The rotation of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night. 地球绕轴自转，引起昼夜的变化。名词化结构the rotation of the earth on its own axis 使复合句简化成简单句，而且使表达的概念更加确切严密。 If you use firebricks round the walls of the boiler, the heat loss, can be considerably reduced. 炉壁采用耐火砖可大大降低热耗。科技英语所表述的是客观规律，因之要尽量避免使用第一、二人称；此外，要使主要的信息置于句首。 Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves. 电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物体的图象。名词化结构the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves 强调客观事实，而"谓语动词则着重其发射和接受的能力。二、广泛使用被动语句根据英国利兹大学John Swales 的统计，科技英语中的谓语至少三分之一是被动态。这是因为科技文章侧重叙事推理，强调客观准确。第一、二人称使用过多，会造成主观臆断的印象。因此尽量使用第三人称叙述，采用被动语态，例如：Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine.应当注意机器的工作温度。而很少说：You must pay attention to the working temperature of the machine .你们必须注意机器的工作温度。此外，如前所述，科技文章将主要信息前置，放在主语部份。这也是广泛使用被动态的主要原因。试观察并比较下列两段短文的主语。 We can store electrical energy in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium. We call such a device a capacitor, or a condenser, and its ability to store electrical energy capacitance .It is measured in farads. 电能可储存在由一绝缘介质隔开的两块金属极板内。这样的装置称之为电容器，

研究生英语期末考试试卷

ad if 命封线密

A. some modern women prefer a life of individual freedom. B. the family is no longer the basic unit of society in present-day Europe. C. some professional people have too much work to do to feel lonely. D. Most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptable. 5.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To review the impact of women becoming high earners. B. To contemplate the philosophy underlying individualism. C. To examine the trend of young people living alone. D. To stress the rebuilding of personal relationships. Passage Two American dramas and sitcoms would have been candidates for prime time several years ago. But those programs －though some remain popular －increasingly occupy fringe times slots on foreign networks. Instead, a growing number of shows produced by local broadcasters are on the air at the best times. The shift counters longstanding assumptions that TV shows produced in the United States would continue to overshadow locally produced shows from Singapore to Sicily. The changes are coming at a time when the influence of the United States on international affairs has annoyed friends and foes alike, and some people are expressing relief that at least on television American culture is no longer quite the force it once was. “There has always been a concern that the image of the world would be shaped too much by American culture,” said Dr. Jo Groebek, director general of the European Institu te for the Media, a non-profit group. Given the choice, he adds, foreign viewers often prefer homegrown shows that better reflect local tastes, cultures and historical events. Unlike in the United States, commercial broadcasting in most regions of the world －including Asia, Europe, and a lesser extent Latin America, which has a long history of commercial TV －is a relatively recent development. A majority of broadcasters in many countries were either state-owned or state-subsidized for much of the last century. Governments began to relax their control in the 1980’s by privatizing national broadcasters and granting licenses to dozens of new commercial networks. The rise of cable and satellite pay-television increased the spectrum of channels. Relatively inexperienced and often financed on a shoestring, these new commercial stations needed hours of programming fast. The cheapest and easiest way to fill airtime was to buy shows from American studios, and the bidding wars for popular shows were fierce. The big American studios took advantage of that demand by raising prices and forcing foreign broadcasters to buy less popular programs if they wanted access to the best-selling shows and movies. “The studio priced themselves out of prime time,” said Harry Evans Sloan, chairman of SBS Broadcasting, a Pan-European broadcaster. Mr. Sloan estimates that over the last decade, the price of American programs has increased fivefold even as the international ratings for these shows have declined. American broadcasters are still the biggest buyers of American-made television shows, accounting for 90% of the $25 billion in 2001 sales. But international sales which totaled $2.5 billion last year often make the difference between a profit and a loss on show. As the pace of foreign sales slows －the market is now growing at 5% a year, down from the double-digit growth of the 1990’s －studio executives are rethinking production costs. 6. Which of the following best characterizes the image embodied in American shows? A. Self-contradictory B. Prejudice-free C. Culture-loaded D. Audience-targeted 7. The intervention of governments in the 1980’s resulted in __________ . A. the patenting of domination shows and movies B. the emergence of new commercial networks C. the promotion of cable and satellite pay-television D. the intense competition coming from the outside 8. The phrase “on a shoestring” (Para. 6) most probably means __________. A. in need of capital B. after a fashion C. on second thoughts D. in the interests of themselves 9. The main reason why American dramas and sitcoms are driven out of prime time is that ____. A. they lose competitiveness B. they are not market-oriented C. they are too much priced D. they fall short of audience expectations 10. American studio producers will give thought to production costs __________. A. if they have no access to popular shows B. because their endeavors come to no avail C. since bidding wars are no longer fierce D. as international sales pace slows down Passage Three How shops can exploit people's herd mentality to increase sales 1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (th at is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy. 2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying. 3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.

2016年西南交通大学考研复试分数线

（一）报考条件: 根据文件规定，西南交通大学硕士研究生，本次选拔对象，应符合以下条件： 1.在校期间政治思想表现优秀，遵守校纪校规，文明礼貌，未受到任何处分。 2.学历要求：具有本科学位，在相应的科研领域做出突出成绩，身心健康。 3.以综合考试成绩为录取依据，首先按各专业实考人数划定分数资格线，再按成绩从高到低择优录取。 4.综合考试成绩将在录取前公示7天，录取过程中，如果有排名在录取名额内的考生自愿放弃，在名额外的学生按顺序递补。 5.我校采取笔试、口试或两者相兼的方式进行，以进一步考察学生的专业基础、综合分析能力、解决实际问题的能力。具体比例由学校根据学科、专业特点安排。（二）报考事项：历年真题QQ在线咨询：363、916、816张老师。各相关专业成立考试小组，确定工作中的相关原则政策和办法研究重大事项；负责本学院考试工作的组织宣传事项和实施工作；完成报考成绩统计及综合排名汇总材料并上报填表。 1.各学院要先完成报考专业的成绩进行排名，根据名单确定考生的具体范围。 2.符合上述条件的参加综合考试，根据报考专业并提交书面申请材料审核。 3.工作领导小组审核汇总名单后，将公示7天，期满后不再提示。 4.各相关专业按照考试科目的顺序依次进行。

5.考试成绩以书面通知形式发到学生本人。（三）考试流程: 1.参加初试并获得复试资格的考生，应在复试前填写相关表格，按规定时间提供自身研究潜能的材料，攻读大学阶段的研究计划、科研成果等。 2.报考考生的资格审查由领导小组进行审查，对考生料进行审阅符合报考条件的统计填表。 3.我校采取笔试、口试或两者相兼的方式进行差额复试，以进一步安排加强进行考察学生的专业基础、综合分析能力、解决实际问题的能力和各种应用能力等。具体比例由学校根据本学科、专业特点及生源状况安排。（四）复习方略： 1.注重课本很多考生会安排各种各样的资料，其实关键要能保证你进行的系统性。每个要点段落安排以真题为主，精细化方法对教材重点章节相关要点，对课本有一个纲领性的认识。对课后题必须要掌握，大部分知识点题目都出自课后。专业基础知识、该专业关注的研究方向。较为系统的了解都要为基础一定要做到对教材大纲范围的大体框架有全面的把握，把整个原理的前后概念贯穿起来。2、在复习充分的情况下做完后对照答案进行对比，看看自己的差距在哪。接下来才是最重要的，要根据专业课的真题都会出什么题型，针对考试内容重点是什么是哪一章节。在熟悉这些之后呢，一定要必须的题目都整理出来加强背诵。根据科目的先后顺序，因为通常前几年出现的题目会出现，细化专业特点分析对照问题的深度和广度，结合自己的知识结构知识存量，正确的安排答题技巧针对有限的知识来最好地回答。专业课的难度绝不亚于英语，对掌握的侧重点范围解题

西南交大科技英语翻译期末考试复习题答案

1.Here great disturbances at the heart of the earth caused mountains and volcanoes to rise above the water. 这里，由于地心的剧烈活动，使山脉和火山升出水面。 2.After the Australian Taxation Office made its taxation forms simpler, it actually received praise from taxpayers who could finally understand it. 澳大利亚税务局将其表格文字简化后，受到了纳税人的广泛称赞，因为他们终于能看懂这些表格了 3.Although people are born to win, they are also born helpless and totally dependent on their environment. Winners successfully make the transition from total helplessness to independence, and then to interdependence. Losers do not. 虽然人们生来要成功，然而，他们同样生来就是无助的，完全依靠环境。成功者成功地从完全不能自立过渡到了独立，然后过渡到相互依靠。失败者则不然。 4.Darwin was convinced that the loss of the tastes in music and drawing was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character. 达尔文认为，失去对音乐和绘画方面的兴趣，不仅失去了幸福，而且还可能损伤智力，甚至可能会伤害道德。 5.No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks. 中餐桌上最神奇,最有特色的用餐工具莫过于筷子. 6.It is not on the shores of continents, nor in the coastal islands, however, that the soul of the great Pacific is found. It lies far out where the fabled South Sea Islands are scattered over the huge ocean like stars in the sky. 然而，浩瀚的太平洋最精美之处不在其大陆海岸，也不在沿海诸岛，而是在远离陆地的海域。在那里，富有神奇色彩的南太平洋诸岛像天上的繁星一样散布在广阔的海面上。 7.Circumstances and people are constantly changing. Some friendship last “forever”; others do not. 环境与人都在不断地改变。有些友谊地久天长，有些则如昙花一现。

2018年西南交通大学考研复试分数线

（一）复试条件: 根据文件规定，西南交通大学研究生，本次考试选拔对象，应符合以下条件： 1.总分和单科成绩达到分数线以及专业研究方向的要求。 2.达到分数线的考生，必须在规定的时间参加复试。未参加者，视为放弃。 3.凭准考证进行体检，按照考生序位号的先后顺序安排。体检不合者，不予录取。 4.复试采取专业笔试加面试的方式，考生最后成绩采取初试成绩与复试成绩进行加权的记分办法。 5.以综合考试成绩为录取依据，首先按各专业实考人数划定分数资格线，再按成绩从高到低进行排名。（二）报考事项：历年真题QQ在线咨询：363、916、816张老师。学校各相关学院成立工作小组，确定工作中的相关政策和办法研究重大事项；负责本学院考试工作的组织宣传事项和实施工作；完成报考成绩的统计及综合排名汇总材料并上报填表。 1.各学院要先完成报考专业的成绩进行排名，根据名单确定考生的具体范围。 2.符合上述条件的参加综合考试，根据报考专业并提交书面申请材料审核。 3.工作领导小组审核汇总名单后，将公示7天，期满后不再提示。 4.各相关专业按照考试科目的顺序依次进行。

5.考试成绩以书面通知形式发到学生本人。（三）考试流程: 1.参加初试并获得复试资格的考生，应在复试前填写相关表格，按规定时间提供自身研究潜能的材料，攻读大学阶段的研究计划、科研成果等。 2.报考考生的资格审查由领导小组进行审查，对考生料进行审阅符合报考条件的考生统计填表。 3.我校采取笔试、口试或两者相兼的方式进行差额复试，以进一步安排加强进行考察学生的专业基础、综合分析能力、解决实际问题的能力和各种应用能力等。具体比例由学校根据本学科、专业特点及生源状况安排。（四）复习方略： 1.要点内容考生贯彻各种各样的资料，其实关键要能保证你进行的系统性。前期整个阶段应该以真题为主，以精读的方式对考试的章节相关要点，对教程有一个纲领性的认识。对课后题必须要掌握，很多知识点题都出自课后。完成基础知识、该专业关注的研究方向。较为系统的了解都要以记忆为基础一定要做到对书的大体框架有全面的把握，把整个原理的前后概念贯穿起来。 2.在复习充分的情况下做完后对照答案进行对比，看看自己的差距在哪。接下来才是最重要的，要根据专业课的真题都会出什么题型，总结其考察重点是什么是哪一章节。在熟悉这些之后安排，一定要必须的题目都整理出来行理解背诵。根据科目的先后顺序，因为通常前几年出现的题目会出现，根据政策方向考核对照问题的深度和广度，结合自己的知识结构知识存量，正确的安排答题技巧针对有限的知识来最好地回答。专业课的难度绝不亚于英语，对掌握的侧重点范围解题

科技英语翻译试题2套

1 答案请写在答题纸上。 Part one: Sentence Translation(30%) 1.为此，必须对电路(circuit)的基本内容有一个很好的了解。 2.这个系数(coefficient)有待确定。 3.现有的教科书均没有提这一点。 4.由于反馈(feedback)在电子线路(electronic circuit)中起着重要作用，所以对它的研究极为重要。 5.有迹象表明，计算机的价格将进一步下跌。 6.这个方法的确管用，不过到底该在什么情况下使用它尚不清楚。 7.十年前该厂的产量比现在高五倍。 8.激光(laser)是二十世纪六十年代引入的一项新技术，它能穿透(pierce)特别硬的物质。 9.为使晶体管(transistor)正常工作，必须给其电极(electrode)加(apply)上合适的电压 (voltage)。 10.代表磁场(magnetic field)的磁力线(magnetic line of force)是一些围绕该导线的同心圆(concentric circle)。 11.我们所谓的机器人(robot)实际上是能为人类做工的一种工具。 12.这类天线(antenna)和那类天线相比的优点是结构简单，效率高。 13.半导体(semiconductor)对光和热都很敏感(sensitive)，这两者都对导电率 (conductivity)影响很大。 14.只有通过对系统性能进行研究我们才能了解其优缺点。 15.本书既讲了实际的设计方法，同时也讲述了理论问题，而重点放在一般概念上。 Part two: Mistakes Correction(30%)(Write down the corrected sentence on the answer sheet. ) 1. We are easy to determine the effect of new drug to patient. 2. The direction of an electric current was decided before electrons were not discovered. 3. Sound travel much less faster than light is. 4. The price for this instrument is expensive. 5. There are a few exceptions for this rule. 6. The hotter the body will be, the more it radiates energy. 7. The feature of this device is small in size and light in weight. 8. That professor is very interesting in this topic. 9. Our semiconductor industry comes into being at the end of 1950s. 10. The both engineers are busy to design a type of new computer. 11. Work equals to force multiplying distance. 12. The new design instrument is in good quality. 13. The ability for some elements to give off radiations is referred as the