2016考研英语翻译模拟练习题(4).

2016考研英语翻译模拟练习题（4

(1(A ny discussi on of the America n educati onal system would be less tha n complete if it did not mention the emphasis that many colleges and universities place upon the non academic, social, “ extracurricular ” aspect of educati on, astperdefiinied growth. Perhaps a useful way of viewing the notion of personal growth would be to

picture the very large and gen eral term subsets

educationembraKsirtog^irirgcuidi ng as

withi n it academic and non academic comp onents.

This may be one of the most difficult con cepts to convey to some one who is not in timately familiar with America n higher educati on. Few educati onal systems in other coun tries place the same emphasis on this ble nd of academic and pers onal educati on. The majority of colleges and uni versities in the Un ited States make some attempt to in tegrate pers onal and in tellectual growth in the un dergraduate years. (2( If the ultimate goal of un dergraduate educati on in America were simply to convey a set body of kno wledge, the term of studies could un doubtedly be reduced. Yet the terms of studies are exte nded in order to give stude nts a cha nee to grow and develop in other ways.

Numerous opport un ities are made available to stude nts to become invo Ived in sports, stude nt gover nment, musical and dramatic orga ni zati ons, and coun tless other orga ni zed and in dividual activities desig ned to enhance one ' s pers onal growth and provide some

recreati on and enjo yme nt outside of the classroom. (3(Experie nee with campus orga ni zati ons and off-campus com mun ity invo Iveme nt can be highly valuable in preparing international students for future leadership in their professional field upon their return home.

The typical American college ' s support for extracurricular activity is perhaps unique in the world, This special educatio nal dime nsion, bey ond the classroom and laboratory experie nee, does not mean that extracurricular participati on is required to gain an

America n degree. It rema ins an en tirely optio nal activity, but (4(it is no ted here because

America ns have tradti on ally viewed success in one ' s role as a citize n as closely lin ked to a “ wero un ded ” life that in corporates a variety of social, athletic, and cultural activities into a

person ' s experienee.

A great many America n campuses and com mun ities have orga ni zed special extracurricular activities for students from other countries. (5(On most campuses, one can find an international club, which includes Americans,where students can get to know and learn socially from stude nts from other coun tries, as well as America ns. Intern ati onal stude nts are almost always in vited, through orga ni zed hospitality activities, into the homes of America ns liv ing in or outside the academic com muni ty.

答案

1. 如果对美国教育体系的讨论未能涉及许多学院及大学教育中非学术性的、社会的及课程外”的方面,即其对个性成长的重视，那么这种讨论就不全面。

2. 假如美国本科教育的最终目的只是传授一定量的知识，那么学习的期限无疑就可以缩短。

3. 参与校园内的各种组织活动和校外团体活动的经验在培养国际学生归国后在

其专业领域发挥领导作用方面是极有价值的。

4. 在这里特别提到的是因为美国人历来认为，一个人作为社会公民的成功是与包

括各种各样的社会、体育和文化活动的个人经历的全方位的生活紧密相关的。

5. 在大多数的校园里都有国际俱乐部，成员包括美国学生。在俱乐部里，学生(包括美国学生通过与来自其他国家的学生的社会交往相互认识并学习。

总体分析

本文主要介绍了美国教育系统注重培养学生课外活动能力，促进学生个性发展的特点

第一至二段：指出美国本科教育努力将个性发展和智力发展相结合。

第三至五段：这种教育特点与美国人关于成功的社会公民的观念相关，并有利于培养国际学生的

领导和交际能力。

试题精解

1. ［精解］本题考核的知识点是：条件状语从句、后置定语。

该句子是含条件状语从句的主从复合句。句子的主干是：Any

discussion …would be less than complete条件从句翻译时应前置，其中代词it指代

主句主语Any discussion 。…条件句中又含有that引导的定语从句修饰the

emphasis 定语从句的主干是：…universities place (emphasisupon the ?句education,

子最后的分词结构(which isdefined as personal growth是前面名词短语the non academic, social, “ extracurricular ” aspect的f后置定语fo n 由于名词短语中已含有多个形容词做定语，因此，句末的后置定语应采用拆译法，译成同位语。

词汇方面:place emphasis upon (sth强调，重视［extracurricular课外的，业余的,extra-前缀意为在外,外面” ；personal growt个人成长。

2. ［精解］本题考核的知识点是：条件状语从句、词义的选择。

该句是含if条件句的主从复合句，而且是虚拟语气。

词汇方面:convey意思是运送;传达,表达”文中和knowledge搭配应译为传授”。

a body of原意是大量,大批，大堆”加入set后,可译为一定量的”。term意思是学期,期限；条款，条件，术语”等，根据上下文将它确定为期限”。

3. ［精解］本题考核的知识点是：介词短语、词性转换

这是个简单句，其主干是experienee can be valuabl句子中的修饰成分基本上都是介词短语。主语experienee后with…involvemen结构做后置定语，翻译时将它提前;in preparing 结构做状语，译为在 ....................... 方面”

词汇方面:off-campus校外,off-前缀意为不在.... 上，离开去掉” ;involvemen意

为参与，加入”文中转译为动词。Upon可意为“??…之后”

4?［精解］本题考核的知识点是：状语从句、后置定语。

该句是含原因状语从句的主从复合句，主句是it is noted here> Because引导的从句的主干是:America ns …viewed success …as closely lin ked to a -roun d e dv e llife,i n one' s role as a 0也做后置定语修饰success,life后接有that引导的定语从句做定语。由于主句很短，而状语从句长且复杂，因此可以保留句子原来顺序。

词汇方面:note意为注意,留意;指出特别提到” well-rounded是形容词，意为全面的，完善的”。incorporate sth. into sth意为将............. 包括在内，包含”。

5.［精解］本题考核的知识点是：定语从句。

句子主干是one can find an international club句首介词短语On most campuses故地点状语,club后接有which和where分别引导的两个定语从句。由于从句较长，采用拆译法单独成句。而且由于两个定语从句共用一个先行词club,因此它需要译两

次。

词汇方面:socially意为在社交方面”

凯程教育：

凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导,由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答

疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。

凯程考研的宗旨：让学习成为一种习惯；

凯程考研的价值观口号：凯旋归来，前程万里；

信念:让每个学员都有好最好的归宿；

使命:完善全新的教育模式，做中国最专业的考研辅导机构；

激情:永不言弃，乐观向上；

敬业:以专业的态度做非凡的事业；

服务:以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作，为学员服务,为学员引路。

如何选择考研辅导班：

在考研准备的过程中，会遇到不少困难，尤其对于跨专业考生的专业课来说，通过报辅导班来弥补自己复习的不足，可以大大提高复习效率，节省复习时间，大家可以通过以下几个方面来考察辅导班，或许能帮你找到适合你的辅导班。

师资力量:师资力量是考察辅导班的首要因素，考生可以针对辅导名师的辅导年限、

辅导经验、历年辅导效果、学员评价等因素进行综合评价，询问往届学长然

后

选择。判断师资力量关键在于综合实力，因为任何一门课程，都不是由一、两个教师包到底的，是一批教师配合的结果。还要深入了解教师的学术背景、资料著述成就、辅导成就等。凯程考研名师云集，李海洋、张鑫教授、方浩教授、卢营教授、孙浩教授等一大批名师在凯程授课。而有的机构只是很普通的老师授课，对知识点

把握和命题方向，欠缺火候。

对该专业有辅导历史：必须对该专业深刻理解，才能深入辅导学员考取该校。在考研辅导班中，从来见过如此辉煌的成绩：凯程教育拿下2015五道口金融学院状元，考取五道口15人，清华经管金融硕士10人,人大金融硕士15个，中财和贸大金融硕士合计20人,北师大教育学7人,会

计硕士保录班考取30人,翻译硕士接近20人，中传状元王园璐、郑家威都是来自凯程，法学方面，凯程在人大、北大、贸大、政法、武汉大学、公安大学等院校斩获多个法学和法硕状元，更多专业成绩请查看凯程网站。在凯程官方网站的光荣榜，成功学员经验谈视频特别多，都是凯程战绩的最好证明。对于如此高的成绩，凯程集训营班主任邢老师说，凯程如此优异的成绩，是与我们凯程严格的管理，全方位的辅导是分不开的，很多学生本科都不是名校，某些学生来自二本三本甚至不知名的院校，还有很多是工作了多年才回来考的，大多数是跨专业考研他们的难度大，竞争激烈，没有严格的训练和同学们的刻苦学习，是很难达到优异的成绩。最好的办法是直接和凯程老师详细沟通一下就清楚了。

建校历史：机构成立的历史也是一个参考因素，历史越久，积累的人脉资源更多。例如，凯程教育已经成立10年（2005年,一直以来专注于考研，成功率一直遥遥领先，同学们有

兴趣可以联系一下他们在线老师或者电话。

有没有实体学校校区：有些机构比较小，就是一个在写字楼里上课，自习，这种环境是不太好的，一个优秀的机构必须是在教学环境，大学校园这样环境。凯程有自己的学习校区，有吃住学一体化教学环境，独立卫浴、空调、暖气齐全，这也是一个考研机构实力的体现。此外，最好还要看一下他们的营业执照。

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《英语自我介绍带翻译》 英语自我介绍带翻译（一）： Hello，every one!(大家好) My name is **** 。 (我叫****) Im a 15 years old boy。 (我是一个15岁的男孩)(具体状况自我改) I live in the beautiful city of Rizhao。(我住在美丽的Rizhao城)(你能 够把Rizhao改成自我家乡的城市的名称的拼音) Im an active ，lovely and clever boy。(我是一个活跃的可爱的聪明的男孩) In the school ， my favourite subject is maths 。 (在学校，我最喜欢 数学) Perhaps someone thinks its difficult to study well 。(也许有些人认 为这很难学) But I like it。(但我喜欢他) I belive that if you try your best， everything can be done well。(我相信每件事付出努力就会有害结果) I also like sports very much。(我也很喜欢运动) Such as，running，volleyball and so on。 (像跑步、排球等等) Im kind-hearted。(我很热心) If you need help ，please e to me 。(如果你需要帮忙，就来找我) I hope we can be good friends!(我期望我们能成为好朋友) OK。This is me 。A sunny boy。(好了，这就是我，一个阳光男孩) 英语自我介绍带翻译（二）： Hello， everybody， 大家好， I'm glad to meet all of you。 很高兴与大家相会， Let me tell you a little bit about myself。

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Taken to an extreme，this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts. Those who support the ―nurture‖ theory，that is，they advocate education，are often called behaviorists. They claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist，B.F. Skinner，sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists maintain that，like machines，humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior. Let us examine the different explanations about one human characteristic，intelligence， offered by the two theories. Supporters of the ―nature‖theory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined. Needless to say，they don‘t believe that factors in the environment have much influence on what is basically a predetermined characteristic. On the other hand，behaviorists argue that our intelligence levels are the product of our experiences. (64)Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. The social and political implications of these two theories are profound. In the United States， blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some ―nature‖ proponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to whites. (65)Behaviorists，in contrast， say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy. Most people think neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. 1991 年英译汉试题 The fact is that the energy crisis，which has suddenly been officially announced，has been with us for a long time now，and will be with us for an even longer time. Whether Arab oil flows freely or not，it is clear to everyone that world industry cannot be allowed to depend on so fragile a base. (71)The supply of oil can be shut off unexpectedly at any time，and in any case，the oil wells will all run dry in thirty years or so at the present rate of use. (72)New sources of energy must be found，and this will take time，but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the times past. For an indefinite period from here on，mankind is going to advance cautiously，and consider itself lucky that it can advance at all. To make the situation worse，there is as yet no sign that any slowing of the world‘s population is in sight. Although the birthrate has dropped in some nations，including the United States，the population of the world seems sure to pass six billion and perhaps even seven billion as the twenty-first century opens. (73)The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this，which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food. Taking all this into account，what might we reasonably estimate supermarkets to be like in the year2001? To begin with，the world food supply is going to become steadily tighter over the next thirty years—even here in the United States.By2001，the population of the United States will be at least two hundred fifty million and possibly two hundred seventy million，and the nation will find it difficult to expand food production to fill the additional mouths. (74)This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. It seems almost certain that by2001the United States will no longer be a great food exporting nation and that，if necessity forces exports，it will be at the price of belt tightening at home. In fact，as food items will end to decline in quality and decrease in variety，there is very likely to be increasing use of flavouring additives. (75)Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population

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