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考研英语翻译真题及答案

考研英语翻译真题及答案
考研英语翻译真题及答案

考研英语翻译真题及答案

【篇一:2015年考研英语一真题及答案翻译】

=txt>2015年考研英语一真题解析:翻译

directions:part c

read the following text carefully and then translate theunderlined sentences into chinese. your translation should bewritten neatly on the answer sheet. (10 points)

within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth andearly eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration-one the great folk wanderings of history-sweptfrom europe to america.

(48) but the force of geographic conditions peculiar to america, the interplay of the variednational groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw,new continent caused significant changes. these changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible.but the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled european society in manyways, had a character that was distinctly american.

(49) the first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the united statescrossed the atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations ofnorth america. in the meantime, thriving spanish colonies had been established in mexico, thewest indies, and south america. these travelers to north america came in small, unmercifullyovercrowded craft. during their six-to twelve-week voyage, they survived on barely enough foodallotted to them. many of the ships were lost in storms, many passengers died

of disease, andinfants rarely survived the journey. sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, andoften calm brought unbearably long delay.

to the anxious travelers the sight of the american shore brought almost inexpressible relief. saidone recorder of events, the air at twelve leagues distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.thecolonists first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods.(50)the virgin forest with itsrichness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which

extended from maine all the waydown to georgia. here was abundant fuel and lumber. here was the raw material of houses andfurniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.

【参考答案】

46.在多种强大的动机驱动下,这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家,其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。

47.美国是两种主要力量的产物——即思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民和修改这些特征的新国家的影响的产物。

48.但由于美国特有的地理条件,不同民族的相互作用,以及维护原始老式方式的纯粹困难,新大陆引起了重大变化。

49.在15-16世纪北美探索的一百多年之后,运往该领土-即当今的美国-的第一船移民横渡了大西洋。

50.拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库,它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。

【试题点评】翻译考查考生在准确理解的基础上,按照英语语法结构拆分句子,准确、通顺翻译汉语的能力。本次考试的翻译考点主要包含对并列句、定语从句、状语从句及固定词组等翻译的考查。文章出处:/html/exam/graduateschool/20141229/94758.html。【篇二:【恒心】考研英语(一)---翻译真题及参考答案(2000-2015)【纯word版】】

p class=txt>(2000-2015)

提供:李炳璋

2015

within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from europe to america. 46) this movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.

47) the united states is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of european peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. of necessity, colonial america was a projection of europe. across the atlantic came successive groups of englishmen, frenchmen, germans, scots,

irishmen, dutchmen, swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world.

48) but, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to america, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. these changes

were gradual and at first scarcely visible. but the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled european society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly american.

49) the first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the united states crossed the atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and 16th-century explorations of north america. in the meantime, thriving spanish colonies had been established in mexico, the west indies, and south america. these travelers to north america came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. during their six- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on barely enough food allotted to them. many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.

“to the anxious travelers the sight of the american shore brought almost inexpressible relief.” said one recorder of events, “the air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.” the colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 50) the virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasure-house

which extended from maine all the way down to georgia. here was abundant fuel and lumber. here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.

46.在多种强大的动机驱动下,这次(移民)运动在一片荒野上建立了

一个国家,并且就本质而言,塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。(或在多种强大的动机驱动下,这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家,其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。)

47.有两股主要力量形成了美国:一是欧洲民族带来的不同思想、风俗和民族特征,二是这个新国家在改变这些特征之后造成的影响。

(或美国是两种主要力量的产物——即思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧

洲移民和修改这些特征的新国家的影响的产物。)

48.但是,美国特有的地理条件、不同种族间的相互影响、以及在这

片蛮荒的新大陆上维持旧秩序的万分艰难,带来了巨大的变化。(或

但由于美国特有的地理条件,不同民族的相互作用,以及维护原始老式

方式的纯粹困难,新大陆引起了重大变化。)

49.十五、十六世纪的探索发现了北美洲,又过了一百多年,第一艘

满载移民的航船跨过大西洋驶向这片土地,即现在的美国。(或在15—16世纪北美探索的一百多年之后,运往该领土—即当今的美国—的第一船移民横渡了大西洋。)

50.原始森林树木种类繁多,是一座真正的宝库,从缅因州向南一直

延伸至乔治亚州。(或拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库,它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。)

2014

46. it is also the reason why when we try to describe music

with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and

not grasp music itself.

【句型分析】本句主句主干为it is the reason,why引导定语从句,修饰the reason。定语从句的主干是all we can do is articulate

our reactions and not grasp music itself,其表语是不定式短语,由于主语中含有do,不定式符号to省略:articulate our reactions and not grasp music itself。our reactions之后to it为其定语,it

指代music。定语从句中还包含when引导的时间状语从句。

【翻译要点】

①本句主干的主句是主系表结构,reason后why引导的定语从句

较长,翻译时可以与主干部分结合,调整表达为:这也就是为什么….。

②定语从句中,when引导时间状语从句,其中with words做状语,翻译时需调整语序到其修饰的to describe之前,可以表达为“当我

们尝试用语言来描述音乐时”。定语从句的主干顺译即可,其中reaction根据语境,可以翻译为“感受”,其定语to it在表达时前置,it指代还原为“音乐”,则可以翻译为“所有我们能做的,就是明确表

达我们对于音乐的感受”,或者调整表达为“我们只能明确表达我们

对于音乐的感受”。and之后,grasp依据语境,需要翻译为“理解”。【译文总结】这也是为什么当我们试图用语言来描述音乐时,我们

只能明确表达我们对于音乐的感受,而不能完全理解音乐本身。

47. by all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and i find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.

【句型分析】本句为并列句。第一个分句he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one,句首by all accounts为固定搭配,意思是“根据各方面说”。第二个分句的主干为i find courage an essential quality,其中宾语为courage,而an essential quality是宾语补足语。quality后介词短语for the understanding of his work为其定语,其中还包含一个插入结构let alone the performance。

【翻译要点】

①第一个分句结构比较简单,句首固定搭配by all accounts,可以调整表达,翻译为“据大家所说”。主干顺译即可,其中he指代“贝多芬”,one指代person。这一部分可以翻译为“贝多芬是个思想自由、充满勇气的人”。

②第二个分句,主干为“我发现勇气是一个关键品质”,quality后为其定语for the understanding of his work,其中the understanding of his work意思为“对于其作品的理解”,做词性转化后,可以表达为“理解其作品”,这个介词短语需要调整语序前置于quality,可以翻译为“理解他作品的关键品质”,则第二个分句可以表达为“我发现勇气,是理解他作品的关键品质”。还可以调整表达为“我发现勇气这一品质,是理解他作品的关键”。

③在定语for the understanding of his work中的插入成分,在逻辑上let alone并列the

【篇三:2013考研英语(一)翻译真题及解析】

46. yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges beyond that of decoration and creative expression.

解析

考察重点:非谓语动词做后置定语,状语从句,插入语

这个句子结构非常清晰:it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles,

these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges beyond that of decoration and creative expression.是主句,其

中for all their diversity of styles是插入语。时间壮语从句yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless,提前至主句之前,其中created by the homeless 是

过去分词短语充当后置定语,用来修饰the gardens。词汇的识别:句子中的动词looks at,对应的宾语是 the photographs of the gardens,因此翻译成“观看”。句子中created by the homeless对

应的宾语是 the gardens,因此翻译成“创建、建立”。句子中的动词speak of对应的宾语是 various other fundamental urges,因此

翻译成“透露、显示、表明”。

参考翻译:然而当我们观看那些由无家可归的人创建的家园的照片时,它们的那些各种各样的风格,会给人以深深的震撼。这些家园

在它的装饰和创造性表示之上,透露出了其他基本的需求。

评分标准:三个动词“look at, created by the homeless和speak of”的翻译各占0.5分,目标汉语的通顺流畅占0.5分。

47. a sacred place of peace, however, crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelt which is a

distinctly animal need. 解析

考察重点:让步壮语从句,插入语,比较状语从句

这个句子结构简洁:a sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need,是主句,其中, however

crude it may be,是让步壮语从句充当插入语; as opposed to shelter which is a distinctly animal need.是比较状语从句。

词汇的识别:句子中的三个系词在表与信息的提示之下分别翻译成

为“是人类的基本需求”;“无论多么粗糙(贫瘠)”;“是动物的基本

需求”。

参考翻译:一块神圣的和平之地,不管它有多么粗糙,它都是一种

人类基本的需求,和庇护所相反,那只是动物的基本需求。

评分标准:三个系词的翻译各占0.5分,目标汉语的通顺流畅占0.5分。

48. the gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless garden introduce from in to an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such

解析:

考察重点:定语从句

这个句子结构简洁: the gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless garden introduce from it to an urban

environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such是主句,其中 which are in effect homeless garden 是定

语从句修饰 the gardens of the homeless; 定语从句where it

either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such修饰先行词 an urban environment。

参考翻译:无家可归的人的家园,事实上是无所谓家的家园,给要

么是不存在的,要么是无法分辨得清的城市环境引入了一种形式。

评分标准:动词短语“introduce from it to”、系词“are”、“didn’t exist, was not discernible”的翻译各占0.5分,目标汉语的通顺流

畅占0.5分。

49 . mast of us give in to a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions until one day we find ourselves in a garden and feel the oppression vanish

as if by magic

解析

考察重点:时间壮语从句,定语从句

这个句子结构稍显复杂:mast of us give in to a demoralization

of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions 是主句,其中, which we usually blame on some psychological conditions 是定语从句 until one day we find ourselves in a garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic.是时间状语从句。

词汇的识别:动词短语“give in”在宾语 demoralization of spirit的指导下,翻译为“屈服于”;“blame which on some psychological conditions”中的blame翻译成为“推卸到”;find发现,feel感受到。参考翻译:我们当中大多数人都屈服于精神的道德败坏,我们经常

把这种精神上的败坏推卸到心理环境上,直到有一天我们发现自己

处于一个家园当中,并感受到这种压迫好像魔法一样消失.

评分标准:三组动词的翻译各占0.5分,目标汉语的通顺流畅占0.5分。

50. it is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of the word garden, though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions.

解析:

考察重点:强调句型,插入语

这个句子结构稍显复杂: it is this ??that ??是强调句型,还原成

正常语序后句子表达为“this implicit or explicit reference to

nature fully just ifies the use of the word garden”;though in

a“liberated”sense是插入语。

词汇的识别:动词“justify”在宾语 the use of word garden的指导下,翻译为“证实?是合理的”;动词“describe”在宾语“these synthetic constructions”的指导之下翻译成“描述”。

参考翻译:正是这种隐晦或明显的涉及自然,尽管是从一种解放的

意义上来说, 充分地证实了用来描述这些人造建筑的花园这个单词很

贴切。

评分标准:两个动词的翻译各占0.5分,强调句型的翻译占0.5分,目标汉语的通顺流畅占0.5分。

考研英语一翻译真题汇总

1990 年英译汉试题 People have wondered for a long time how their personalities,and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not,or why one is cooperative and another is competitive. Social scientists are,of course,extremely interested in these types of questions. (61)They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet,but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect,the two approaches are very different from each other. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as‖nature vs. nurture‖. (62)Those who support the ―nature‖side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. (63)That our environment has little, if anything,to do with our abilities,characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme,this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts. Those who support the ―nurture‖ theory,that is,they advocate education,are often called behaviorists. They claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist,B.F. Skinner,sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists maintain that,like machines,humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior. Let us examine the different explanations about one human characteristic,intelligence, offered by the two theories. Supporters of the ―nature‖theory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined. Needless to say,they don‘t believe that factors in the environment have much influence on what is basically a predetermined characteristic. On the other hand,behaviorists argue that our intelligence levels are the product of our experiences. (64)Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. The social and political implications of these two theories are profound. In the United States, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some ―nature‖ proponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to whites. (65)Behaviorists,in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy. Most people think neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. 1991 年英译汉试题 The fact is that the energy crisis,which has suddenly been officially announced,has been with us for a long time now,and will be with us for an even longer time. Whether Arab oil flows freely or not,it is clear to everyone that world industry cannot be allowed to depend on so fragile a base. (71)The supply of oil can be shut off unexpectedly at any time,and in any case,the oil wells will all run dry in thirty years or so at the present rate of use. (72)New sources of energy must be found,and this will take time,but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the times past. For an indefinite period from here on,mankind is going to advance cautiously,and consider itself lucky that it can advance at all. To make the situation worse,there is as yet no sign that any slowing of the world‘s population is in sight. Although the birthrate has dropped in some nations,including the United States,the population of the world seems sure to pass six billion and perhaps even seven billion as the twenty-first century opens. (73)The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this,which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food. Taking all this into account,what might we reasonably estimate supermarkets to be like in the year2001? To begin with,the world food supply is going to become steadily tighter over the next thirty years—even here in the United States.By2001,the population of the United States will be at least two hundred fifty million and possibly two hundred seventy million,and the nation will find it difficult to expand food production to fill the additional mouths. (74)This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. It seems almost certain that by2001the United States will no longer be a great food exporting nation and that,if necessity forces exports,it will be at the price of belt tightening at home. In fact,as food items will end to decline in quality and decrease in variety,there is very likely to be increasing use of flavouring additives. (75)Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population

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