ASTM-D3359-09-标准试验方法-胶带法测量附着力

Designation: D 3359 – 02

名称： D 3359-02

Standard Test Methods for

Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test1

ASTM D3359-09 标准试验方法胶带法测量附着力

This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3359; the number immediately

following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

这个标准是D 3359确定了以后发行的。数字代表名称最初通过的时间，或者修订情况，和最新版本。括号内的数字代表最新重新审批时间。上标代表最新版本的变化或重新审批。

This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

该标准已经被国防机构部门批准使用。

1. Scope 范围

1.1 These test methods cover procedures for assessing the adhesion of coating films to metallic substrates by applying and removing pressure-sensitive tape over cuts made in the film.

本标准提出的试验方法是规定通过在漆膜切割区施加和撕离压敏胶带的方式，对漆膜与金属底材之间的附着力进行评定的程序

1.2 Test Method A is primarily intended for use at job sites while Test Method B is more suitable for use in the laboratory. Also, Test Method B is not considered suitable for

films thicker than 5 mils (125μm).

试验方法A主要是供工作场所用，而试验方法B更适合实验室使用。试验方法B被视为不适合厚度超过 5毫英寸（125微米）的漆膜。

NOTE 1—Subject to agreement between the purchaser and the seller,Test Method B can be used for thicker films if wider spaced cuts are employed.

注 1-根据买卖双方的协议，如果切割间距较宽，漆膜较厚时可采用试验方法B。

1.3 These test methods are used to establish whether the adhesion of a coating to a substrate is at a generally adequate level. They do not distinguish between higher levels of adhesion for which more sophisticated methods of measurement are required.

本标准规定的试验方法用于总体判定涂层与底材之间的附着力是否达到足够的水平。如果附着力较高，本标准规定的试验方法无法精确地区分附着力的差别，需要使用更精确的测量方法。

NOTE 2—It should be recognized that differences in adherability of the coating surface can affect the results obtained with coatings having the same inherent adhesion.

注2-应该注意到，涂层内在附着力相同的情况下，涂覆面附着性的差别会影响测量结果。

1.4 In multicoat systems adhesion failure may occur between coats so that the adhesion of the coating system to the substrate is not determined.

多层涂层体系可能出现层间脱落，无法确定涂层体系与底材之间的附着力。

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

SI单位的数值被视为标准，括号内的数值仅供参考.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations

prior to use.

本标准并没有指出与其使用相关的所有安全事项。本标准的用户应负责在使用之前采取适当的安全和卫生措施，并确定各项管理限制条件的适用性

2. Referenced Documents 参考文件

2.1 ASTM Standards: 美国材料与试验协会标准

D 609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and Related Coating Products2

D609-涂料,清漆,转化涂层和相关覆层产品的测试-用冷轧钢板制备的标准实施规范

D 823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels2

D823-色漆,清漆,喷漆及有关产品制成厚度均匀漆膜试片的方法

D 1000 Test Method For Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive-Coated Tapes Used for Electrical and Electronic Applications3

D1000-电气设备用压合敏感胶粘剂涂覆带的试验方法

D 1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting4

D1730- 涂漆用铝和铝合金表面预处理标准实施规范

D 2092 Guide for Preparation of Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Surfaces for Painting5

D2092-用于涂漆的镀锌钢材表面预处理的标准指南

D 2370 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings2

D2370-有机涂层抗拉性能的标准试验方法。

D 3330 Test Method for Peel Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Tape 6

D3330- 压敏胶带剥离强度测试标准

D 3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials2

D 3924-色漆,清漆,喷漆和相关物质状态调节和试验用标准环境规范

D 4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser2

D 4060 -用泰伯尔磨蚀机测定有机涂层耐磨性的标准试验方法

3. Summary of Test Methods 试验方法摘要

3.1 Test Method A—An X-cut is made through the film to the substrate, pressure-sensitive tape is applied over the cut and then removed, and adhesion is assessed qualitatively on the 0 to 5 scale.

试验方法A：一个X切口贯通漆膜和底材，在切口处施加和移除压敏胶带，粘附力按照0-5等级进行评估。

3.2 Test Method B—A lattice pattern with either six or eleven cuts in each direction is made in the film to the substrate, pressure-sensitive tape is applied over the lattice and then removed, and adhesion is evaluated by comparison with descriptions and illustrations. 试验方法B：在涂层与底材之间切割出六道或十一道格形状的切痕，在格之间施加和移除压敏胶带，通过图表描述对比来评估粘附力。

4. Significance and Use 意义和用途

4.1 If a coating is to fulfill its function of protecting or decorating a substrate, it must adhere to it for the expected service life. Because the substrate and its surface preparation (or lack of it) have a drastic effect on the adhesion of coatings, a method to evaluate adhesion of a coating to different substrates or surface treatments, or of

different coatings to the same substrate and treatment, is of considerable usefulness in the industry.

如果涂层能保护或装饰底材，必须要达到预期的服务寿命。因为涂层的附着性对底材和其表面处理（或缺乏）有强烈的影响，用同一种方法来评估不同底材涂层或表面处理，或同一底材和表面处理但不同涂层被视为无用

1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee

D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.

Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2002. Published October 2002. Originally published as

D 3359 – 74. Last previous edition D 3359 – 97.

2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.

3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01.

4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.

5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02.

6 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.

此测试方法在美国材料与试验协会D01是关于油漆和相关涂层、材料、应用软件和关于油漆涂层的物理性能D01.23的权限下进行的。

最新版本在2002年8月10号被认可。2002年10月出版。最初出版是D3359-74，上一个版本是D3359-97。4.2 The limitations of all adhesion methods and the specific limitation of this test method to lower levels of adhesion (see1.3) should be recognized before using it. The intra- and inter-laboratory precision of this test method is similar to other widely-accepted tests

for coated substrates (for example, Test Method D 2370 and Test Method D 4060), but this is partly the result of it being insensitive to all but large differences in adhesion. The limited scale of 0 to 5 was selected deliberately to avoid a false impression of being sensitive.

在使用前，应承认所有附着力方法的局限性和这个试验方法对较低级附着力（见1.3）的特殊限制。内部多个实验室所进行的精密度的这种测试方法类似于其他已被广泛接受涂层测试(如测试方法D2370及测试方法D4060),为避免敏感的假象而刻意限定0-5等级范围。

TEST METHOD A—X-CUT TAPE TEST试验方法A：划X法胶带测试

5. Apparatus and Materials 仪器和材料

5.1 Cutting Tool—Sharp razor blade, scalpel, knife or other cutting devices. It is of particular importance that the cutting edges be in good condition.

切削刀具：——锋利的刀片、手术刀、刀或者其他切削设备。

5.2 Cutting Guide—Steel or other hard metal straightedge to ensure straight cuts.

引导切割——钢制或其他金属制的直尺或夹具来保证直线切割。

5.3 Tape—25-mm (1.0-in.) wide semitransparent pressure sensitive tape7 with an adhesion strength agreed upon by the supplier and the user is needed. Because of the variability in adhesion strength from batch-to-batch and with time, it is essential that tape from the same batch be used when tests are to be run in different laboratories. If this is not possible， the test method should be used only for ranking a series of test coatings.

胶带——经供应商和用户同意的25mm宽的半透明的透明具有粘合力压敏胶粘带。因为粘合力是随着时间和批次不同是变化的，故各个实验室进行测试时所使用的胶带要是同一批次的。如果无法做到这一点，此测试方法应仅适用于一系列涂层测试的排名。

5.4 Rubber Eraser, on the end of a pencil.

铅笔一头的橡皮擦

5.5 Illumination—A light source is helpful in determining whether the cuts have been made through the film to the substrate.

照明灯源（如手电筒）——当在漆膜与底材之间开有切割时，光源是有很有帮助的。

6. Test Specimens 试样

6.1 When this test method is used in the field, the specimen is the coated structure or article on which the adhesion is to be evaluated.

当这个试验方法在实地使用时，被测试的结构或物品上的粘附力都将要被评估。

6.2 For laboratory use apply the materials to be tested to panels of the composition and surface conditions on which it is desired to determine the adhesion.

实验室使用申请材料进行试验,通过测试板的成份的和表面情况来评估附着力。

NOTE 3—Applicable test panel description and surface preparation methods are given in Practice D 609 and Practices D 1730 and D 2092.

备注3：——适用的测试板描述和表面处理方法见D 609和D 1730、D 2092。

NOTE 4—Coatings should be applied in accordance with Practice D 823, or as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.

备注4：——涂层应按照D 823，或者买方和卖方之间所达成的协议。

NOTE 5—If desired or specified, the coated test panels may be subjected to a preliminary exposure such as water immersion, salt spray, or high humidity before conducting the tape test. The conditions and time of exposure will be governed by ultimate coating use or shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and seller.

备注5：——如需要或已列明，规定，涂层测试板在进行测试前可能需先暴露于/ 如：浸在水中，盐雾或高湿度中。浸泡的时间和条件应取决于涂层产品的最终用途或者买方和卖方之间达成的协议。

7. Procedure 程序

7.1 Select an area free of blemishes and minor surface imperfections. For tests in the field, ensure that the surface is clean and dry. Extremes in temperature or relative humidity may affect the adhesion of the tape or the coating.

在实地做此试验时，需确保试样涂层表面要清洁干燥。高温和高湿会影响胶带附着力。

7.1.1 For specimens which have been immersed: After immersion, clean and wipe the surface with an appropriate solvent which will not harm the integrity of the coating. Then dry or prepare the surface, or both, as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.

根据买方和卖方之间双方达成的协议，对于被浸泡的样件，浸泡完以后用适当的溶剂（不能损害涂层）擦净表面，然后让其干燥

7.2 Make two cuts in the film each about 40 mm (1.5 in.) long that intersect near their middle with a smaller angle of between 30 and 45°. When making the incisions, use the straightedge and cut through the coating to the substrate in one steady motion.

用刀具沿直线稳定地切割漆腊至底材，夹角30-45°，划线40mm长，交叉点在线长的中间

7.3 Inspect the incisions for reflection of light from the metal substrate to establish

that the coating film has been penetrated. If the substrate has not been reached make another X in a different location. Do not attempt to deepen a previous cut as this may affect adhesion along the incision.

用灯光照明查看钢质基底的反射，确定划痕是否到底材，如果没有，在不同位置再划一个X。不要试图加深以前切口的深度，这样可能影响切口处的附着性。

7.4 Remove two complete laps of the pressure-sensitive tape from the roll and discard. Remove an additional length at a steady (that is, not jerked) rate and cut a piece about 75 mm (3 in.) long.

除去压敏胶带上面的两圈，然后以稳定的速率拉开胶带，剪下长约75mm胶带。

7.5 Place the center of the tape at the intersection of the cuts with the tape running in the same direction as the smaller angles. Smooth the tape into place by finger in the area of the incisions and then rub firmly with the eraser on the end of a pencil. The color under the transparent tape is a useful indication of when good contact has been made.

把胶带中间放在切割处的交叉点上，用手指压平，为了保证胶带与涂层接触良好，再用铅笔顶端的橡皮擦用力摩平胶带，透过透明胶带析颜色可以帮助我们看出与漆膜接触的状态密实程度

7.6 Within 90 ±30 s of application, remove the tape by seizing the free end and pulling it off rapidly (not jerked) back upon itself at as close to an angle of 180° as possible.

在贴上胶带90±30 秒内，扯住胶带悬空的一端，快速地并尽可能确保拉力沿180的方向进行撕离胶带。

7.7 Inspect the X-cut area for removal of coating from the substrate or previous coating and rate the adhesion in accordance with the following scale:

按照下列标准进行检查底材涂层脱落的X切口面积情况:

5A No peeling or removal,没有脱皮或脱皮

4A Trace peeling or removal along incisions or at their intersection,

沿刀痕或在其交叉口处有脱皮或脱落的痕迹

3A Jagged removal along incisions up to 1.6 mm (1/16 in.) on either side,

刀痕两边都有缺口状脱落达1.6mm

2A Jagged removal along most of incisions up to 3.2 mm (1/8 in.) on either side,

刀痕两边都有缺口状脱落达3.2mm

1A Removal from most of the area of the X under the tape,

胶带下的X区域内大部分脱落

0A Removal beyond the area of the X.

脱落面各超出X区域。

7.8 Repeat the test in two other locations on each test panel. For large structures make sufficient tests to ensure that the adhesion evaluation is representative of the whole surface.

在每个测试板的另外两个地方重复测试。对大型结构需充分试验以保证了粘合力评估以代表整个表面。

7.9 After making several cuts examine the cutting edge and, if necessary, remove any flat spots or wire-edge by abrading lightly on a fine oil stone before using again. Discard

cutting tools that develop nicks or other defects that tear the film.

切割了几个切口以后，检查切口边，如果需要，使用以前用油石轻微磨擦去除斑点、除尖角

Report 报告

8.1 Report the number of tests, their mean and range, and for coating systems, where the failure occurred that is, between first coat and substrate, between first and second coat, etc.

记录试验的数次及相关意思和范围，对于涂层系统，失效发生在哪里，发生在第一个涂层和基体之间，还是在第一与第二涂层之间。

8.2 For field tests report the structure or article tested, the location and the environmental conditions at the time of testing.

实地测试时，报告需注明涂层系统、施工时间、固化情况。

8.3 For test panels report the substrate employed, the type of coating, the method of cure, and the environmental conditions at the time of testing.

记录测试板所用的底材，涂层的类型，处理的方法，和试验时的环境情况。

8.4 If the adhesion strength of the tape has been determined in accordance with Test Methods D 1000 or D 3330, report the results with the adhesion rating(s). If the adhesion strength of the tape has not been determined, report the specific tape used and its manufacturer.

如果胶带的附着力已确定符合D 1000 或者 D 3330，记录附着力等级的结果。如果胶带附着力大小未确定，记录所使用的胶带细节及其生产厂家。

8.5 If the test is performed after immersion, report immersion conditions and method of sample preparation.

如果试验在浸泡以后再进行，记录浸泡的条件和试样准备方法。

9. Precision and Bias 8 精度和偏差

9.1 In an interlaboratory study of this test method in which operators in six laboratories made one adhesion measurement on three panels each of three coatings covering a wide range of adhesion, the within-laboratories standard deviation was found to be 0.33 and the between-laboratories 0.44. Based on these standard deviations, the following criteria should be used for judging the acceptability of results at the 95 % confidence level:

在多个实验室进行的测试方法。操作者在6个实验室内的3个平板上（各涂层上进行一系列附着力测量，

做同一个附着力测试。在同一个实验室的标准偏差为0.33,在不同实验室发现偏差为0.44.以这些标准偏

差为基础，以下标准应该用来确定结果的可行性有95%的可信度。

9.1.1 Repeatability—Provided adhesion is uniform over a large surface, results obtained by the same operator should be considered suspect if they differ by more than 1 rating unit

for two measurements.

重复性：假定在一个大表面的附着力是一致的，同一个操作者两次测量得到的结果差异超过一个单位等级，那麽将被认为是不可信的。

9.1.2 Reproducibility—Two results, each the mean of triplicates, obtained by different operators should be considered suspect if they differ by more than 1.5 rating units.

再现性：取每个操作者3次测量的均值，如果得到的两个结果超过1.5个单位等级，那麽将被认为是不可

信的。

9.2 Bias cannot be established for these test methods.

用这些测试方法不能确定偏差。

TEST METHOD B—CROSS-CUT TAPE TEST 测试方法B：划格法胶带测试

10. Apparatus and Materials 器具和材料

10.1 Cutting Tool9—Sharp razor blade, scalpel, knife or other cutting device having a

cutting edge angle between 15 and 30° that will make either a single cut or several cuts

at once. It is of particular importance that the cutting edge or edges be in good condition. 切割刀具：——锋利的刀刃、手术刀、刀或者其他切削设备（刀刃在15-30度之间），切削单个切口或多

个切口。切割边缘情况良好是特别重要的。

10.2 Cutting Guide—If cuts are made manually (as opposed to a mechanical apparatus) a

steel or other hard metal straightedge or template to ensure straight cuts.

切割指南：如果是手动切削，钢制或其他金属制的直尺或夹具来保证直线切割。

10.3 Rule—Tempered steel rule graduated in 0.5 mm for measuring individual cuts.

尺子：用刻度为0.5mm间距的尺子

10.4 Tape, as described in 5.3.

胶带：见5.3

10.5 Rubber Eraser, on the end of a pencil.

铅笔一头的橡皮擦

10.6 Illumination, as described in 5.5.

照明描述见5.5

10.7 Magnifying Glass—An illuminated magnifier to be used while making individual cuts and examining the test area.

放大镜——照明放大器。

11. Test Specimens 试样

11.1 Test specimens shall be as described in Section 6. It should be noted, however, that multitip cutters10 provide good results only on test areas sufficiently plane that all

cutting edges contact the substrate to the same degree. Check for flatness with a straight edge such as that of the tempered steel rule(10.3).

试样要求需同第6部分。应当记录，只有当试验区域足够平使切口在同一程度接触底材时，得到好的结

果。

12. Procedure程序

12.1 Where required or when agreed upon, subject the specimens to a preliminary test before conducting the tape test (see Note 3). After drying or testing the coating, conduct the tape test at room temperature as defined in Specification D 3924, unless D 3924 standard temperature is required or agreed.

当需要或已达成协议时,进行试验以前样本要经过初步测试（见注3）。经过烘干或涂层检验，按照D3924（如需要或达成协议）中要求的室温进行胶带试验。

12.1.1 For specimens which have been immersed: After immersion, clean and wipe the surface with an appropriate solvent which will not harm the integrity of the coating. Then

dry or prepare the surface, or both, as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.

根据买方和卖方之间双方达成的协议，对于被浸泡的样件，浸泡完以后用适当的溶剂（不能损害涂层）

擦净表面，然后让其干燥

12.2 Select an area free of blemishes and minor surface imperfections, place on a firm base, and under the illuminated magnifier, make parallel cuts as follows:

选择一个无瑕疵和表面无小缺陷的区域，平稳地放在照明放大镜下，按如下所示平行切割：

12.2.1 For coatings having a dry film thickness up to and including 2.0 mils (50 μm) space the cuts 1 mm apart and make eleven cuts unless otherwise agreed upon.

使涂层漆膜表面干燥，包括50um的空间切口距离1mm，有11个切口，或者协商确定。

12.2.2 For coatings having a dry film thickness between 2.0 mils (50 μm) and 5 mils (125

μm), space the cuts 2 mm apart and make six cuts. For films thicker than 5 mils use Test Method A.11

漆膜厚度2.0 mils (50 μm)-5 mils (125 μm)之间，划6个切口，每个切口间距2mm，涂层漆膜厚度大于5 mils用测试方法A11.

12.2.3 Make all cuts about 20 mm (3.4 in.) long. Cut through the film to the substrate in one steady motion using just sufficient pressure on the cutting tool to have the cutting edge reach the substrate. When making successive single cuts with the aid of a guide, place the guide on the uncut area.

切口长20mm。匀速的切割漆膜，刀刀见铁(直透底材表面)

12.3 After making the required cuts brush the film lightly with a soft brush or tissue to remove any detached flakes or ribbons of coatings.

切完切口以后，用软刷子或薄纸轻扫，去除剥落的薄片或剥落的涂层。

12.4 Examine the cutting edge and, if necessary, remove any flat spots or wire-edge by abrading lightly on a fine oil tone. Make the additional number of cuts at 90° to and centered on the original cuts.

检查切口边缘，如果需要，使用以前用油石轻微磨擦去除斑点、除尖角；并重复以上操作，以90°角再次平行等数切割漆腊，形成井字格

12.5 Brush the area as before and inspect the incisions for reflection of light from the substrate. If the metal has not been reached make another grid in a different location.

像之前一样用刷子轻刷表面，检查切口基底的反射，确定划痕是否到底，如果没有，在另一个地方重新切割。

12.6 Remove two complete laps of tape and discard. Remove an additional length at a steady (that is, not jerked) rate and cut a piece about 75 mm (3 in.) long.

除去压敏胶带上面的两圈，然后以稳定的速率拉开胶带，剪下长约75mm胶带。

12.7 Place the center of the tape over the grid and in the area of the grid smooth into place by a finger. To ensure good contact with the film rub the tape firmly with the eraser on the end of a pencil. The color under the tape is a useful indication of when good contact has been made.

把胶带中间放在切割处的格子上，用手指压平，为了保证胶带与涂层接触良好，再用铅笔顶端的橡皮擦用力摩平胶带，透过透明胶带析颜色可以帮助我们看出与漆膜接触的状态密实程度

12.8 Within 90±30 s of application, remove the tape by seizing the free end and rapidly (not jerked) back upon itself at as close to an angle of 180° as possible.

在贴上胶带90±30 秒内，扯住胶带悬空的一端，快速地并尽可能确保拉力沿180的方向进行撕离胶带

12.9 Inspect the grid area for removal of coating from the substrate or from a previous coating using the illuminated magnifier. Rate the adhesion in accordance with the following scale illustrated in Fig. 1:

用照明放大镜检查漆膜，根据脱漆部位与网格区的关系按下列说明评定等级

5B The edges of the cuts are completely smooth; none of the squares of the lattice is detached.

切边非常光滑，没有一个网格方块脱落

4B Small flakes of the coating are detached at intersections; less than 5 % of the area is affected.

在网格切入点，有微小的鳞片状漆膜脱落，影响面积为5%。

3B Small flakes of the coating are detached along edges and at intersections of cuts. The area affected is 5 to 15 % of the lattice.

漆层沿切入点脱落或在网格线的切入点上有部分或全部脱落，影响面积为5%-15%

2B The coating has flaked along the edges and on parts of the squares. The area affected is 15 to 35 % of the lattice.

漆层沿切入点大块脱落或全部脱落或是网格方块部分或全部脱落。影响面积为15-35%

1B The coating has flaked along the edges of cuts in large ribbons and whole squares have detached. The area affected is 35 to 65 % of the lattice.

漆层沿切入点大块脱落或全部脱落或是网格方块部分或全部脱落，影响面积为35-65%

0B Flaking and detachment worse than Grade 1.

剥落离比等级1更严重。

12.10 Repeat the test in two other locations on each test panel.

在每个测试面板上，另两个不同的位置重复试验。

13. Report 报告

13.1 Report the number of tests, their mean and range, and for coating systems, where the failure occurred, that is, between first coat and substrate, between first and second coat, etc.

报告试验的数量，意义和范围，涂层系统失败发生在哪，第一涂层与底材之间还是第一涂层与第二涂层之间等等。

13.2 Report the substrate employed, the type of coating and the method of cure.

报告使用的底材，涂层的类型和处理的方法。

13.3 If the adhesion strength has been determined in accordance with Test Methods D 1000 or

D 3330, report the results with the adhesion rating(s). If the adhesion strength of the tape has not been determined, report the specific tape used and its manufacturer.

如果附着力已根据测试方法D 1000 或者 D 3330 确定一致，记录附着力等级的结果。如果胶带附着力大小未确定，记录所使用的胶带详细细节及其生产厂家。

13.4 If the test is performed after immersion, report immersion conditions and method of sample preparation.

如果测试是在在浸泡以后再进行，记录浸泡的条件和测试样品的准备方法。

14. Precision and Bias 8 精度和偏差

14.1 On the basis of two interlaboratory tests of this test method in one of which operators in six laboratories made one adhesion measurement on three panels each of three coatings covering a wide range of adhesion and in the other operators in six laboratories made three measurements on two panels each of four different coatings applied over two other coatings, the pooled standard deviations for within and between laboratories were found to be 0.37 and 0.7. Based on these standard deviations, the following criteria should be used for judging the acceptability of results at the 95 % confidence level:

在多个实验室进行的测试方法。操作者在6个实验室的3个平板上的涂层上覆盖一系列附着力，做同一个附着力测试。在两块板上的4个不同涂层试用2个其他的涂层，汇集试验室之间的标准偏差为0.37和0.7。以这些标准偏差为基础，以下标准用来判定结果的可行性有95%的可信度。

14.1.1 Repeatability—Provided adhesion is uniform over a large surface, results obtained by the same operator should be considered suspect if they differ by more than one rating unit for two measurements.

重复性：假定在一个大表面的附着力是一致的，同一个操作者两次测量得到的结果差异超过一个单位等级，那麽将被认为是不可信的。

14.1.2 Reproducibility—Two results, each the mean of duplicates or triplicates, obtained by different operators should be considered suspect if they differ by more than two rating units.

再现性：取不同的操作者3次或2次测量的均值，如果得到的两个结果差异超过2个单位等级，那麽将被认为是不可信的。

14.2 Bias cannot be established for these test methods.

不能用这些测试方法确定偏差。

15. Keywords 关键字

15.1 adhesion; crosscut adhesion test method; tape; tape adhesion test method; X-cut

adhesion test method

附着力、交叉切口附着力试验方法、胶带，胶带附着力试验方法、X切片附着力测试方法

FIG. 1 Classification of Adhesion Test Results 图表1：附着力试验结果的分类

D 3359 – 02

Reproduced by IHS under license with ASTM Licensee=daimlerchyrsler account/5957216001

Not for Resale, 12/09/2005 00:34:54 MST No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

APPENDIX 附录

(Nonmandatory Information) 非强制信息

X1. COMMENTARY 注释

X1.1 Introduction 介绍

X1.1.1 Given the complexities of the adhesion process, can adhesion be measured? As Mittal (1)12 has pointed out, the answer is both yes and no. It is reasonable to state that at the present time no test exists that can precisely assess the actual physical strength of an adhesive bond. But it can also be said that it is possible to obtain an indication of relative adhesion performance.

鉴于粘附过程的复杂性。附着力能被测量吗？Mittal指出答案既是肯定的又是否定的。其很合理的指

出，现阶段没有试验可以确切的评估出物理粘合剂的大小，但是可以认为，是有可能获得相对粘附性

能。

X1.1.2 Practical adhesion test methods are generally of two types: “implied” and “direct.” “Implied” tests include indentation or scribe techniques, rub testing, and wear testing. Criticism of these tests arises when they are used to quantify the strength

of adhesive bonding. But this, in fact, is not their purpose. An “implied” test should be used to assess coating performance under actual service conditions. “Direct” measurements, on the other hand, are intended expressly to measure adhesion. Meaningful tests of this type are highly sought after, primarily because the results are expressed by a single discrete quantity, the force required to rupture the coating/substrate bond under prescribed conditions. Direct tests include the Hesiometer and the Adherometer (2). Common methods which approach the direct tests are peel, lapshear, and tensile tests.

实际应用的测试方法一般有两种：含蓄的和直接的。含蓄方法包括刻痕法或画线法、摩擦试验和磨损试验。当这些试验被用来量化粘附强度时候，关于这些试验的批评就会出现。但实际上这并不是他们的目的。含蓄的试验应当被用来评估实际情况下涂层的性能。另一方面，直接测量用来测量附着力。这些类

型试验的重要意义值得探索，主要因为结果是一个离散量，涂层在指定的压力条件下割裂。直接测试包括：常用的接近直接测试方法，剥，剪和拉力测试。

X1.2 Test Methods 测试方法

X1.2.1 In practice, numerous types of tests have been used to attempt to evaluate adhesion by inducing bond rupture by different modes. C riteria deemed essential for a test to

warrant large-scale acceptance are: use of a straightforward and unambiguous

procedure; relevance to its intended application; repeatability and reproducibility; and quantifiability, including a meaningful rating scale for assessing performance.

在实践中，很多的试验方法被用于评估附着力用不同的模式，其中包括附着力破坏。标准认为试验的本

质大部分是可被接受的，运用明确的程序，预定相关应用，重复性和在线性，可定量的状态，对于评估

性能包括一个有意义的评分表。

X1.2.2 Test methods used for coatings on metals are: peel adhesion or “tape testing;” Gardner impact flexibility testing; and adhesive joint testing including shear (lap joint) and direct tensile (butt joint) testing. These tests do not strictly meet all the criteria listed, but an appealing aspect of these tests is that in most cases the

equipment/instrumentation is readily available or can be obtained at reasonable cost.

用在金属涂层上的测试方法有：附着力的剥落或胶带测试。加德纳影响弹性测试和附着力结合测试，包

括剪切力和拉伸试验。这些试验并不是严格的满足所列出的标准，但这些试验是一个有吸引力的方面,在

大多数情况下,设备/仪器是现成或可在合理的成本。

X1.2.3 A wide diversity of tests methods have been developed over the years that measure aspects of adhesion (1-5).

广泛的多样性的测试方法已经被发展多年来测量方面的附着力(1 - 5)。

There generally is difficulty, however, in relating these tests to basic adhesion phenomena. 一般很难，但是和基本的附着力现象有关的。

X1.3 The Tape Test 胶带试验

X1.3.1 By far the most prevalent test for evaluating coating “adhesion” is the tape-and-peel test, which has been used since the 1930’s. In its simplest version a piece of

adhesive tape is pressed against the paint film and the resistance to and degree of film removal observed when the tape is pulled off. Since an intact film with appreciable adhesion is frequently not removed at all, the severity of the test is usually enhanced by cutting into

the film a figure X or a cross hatched pattern, before applying and removing the tape. Adhesion is then rated by comparing film removed against an established rating scale. If an intact film is peeled cleanly by the tape, or if it debonds just by cutting into it without applying tape, then the adhesion is rated simply as poor or very poor, a more precise evaluation of such films not being within the capability of this test.

到目前为止，评估涂层附着力最普遍的试验是胶带——涂层脱落试验，从1930年就开始应用。最简单的胶带测试是在涂层上加压，当胶带被移走以后，观察涂层的抵抗程度。在涂层表面加可评估的附着力，在使用胶带前，在切X槽或者交叉的槽在工件表面。附着力根据评估等级评估。如果完整的涂层被胶带干净的脱落，这样附着力被评定很弱，在这个试验中没有更精确的评估方法。

X1.3.2 The current widely-used version was first published in 1974; two test methods are covered in this standard. Both test methods are used to establish whether the adhesion of a coating to a substrate is at an adequate level; however they do not distinguish between higher levels of adhesion for which more sophisticated methods of measurement are required. Major limitations of the tape test are its low sensitivity, applicability only to coatings of relatively low bond strengths, and non-determination of adhesion to the substrate where failure occurs within a single coat, as when testing primers alone, or within or between coats in multicoat systems. For multicoat systems where adhesion failure may occur between or within coats, the adhesion of the coating system to the

substrate is not determined.

当前广泛运用的版本是1974年第一次出版的。在这个标准中包括两种测试方法。两种方法用来确定涂层对底材的附着力是否足够，但是不能测量那种附着力更精密。胶带测试的局限是低灵敏度，只适用于相对低的附着力。当只用初级试验，不能确定对底材的附着力失效在涂层上，或者在涂层之间。对于多层系统，附着力失效发生在涂层之间或涂层与底材之间是不能确定的。

X1.3.3 Repeatability within one rating unit is generally observed for coatings on metals

for both methods, with reproducibility of one to two units. The tape test enjoys

Wide spread popularity a nd is viewed as “simple” as well as low in cost. Applied to metals, it is economical to perform, lends itself to job site application, and most importantly, after decades of use, people feel comfortable with it.

金属涂层在同一级别的重复性有两种方法。两个级别用再现性。胶带试验使用范围很广，被认为是唯一的低成本。适用于金属，很经济，用了十年以后，人们觉得很舒适。

X1.3.4 When a flexible adhesive tape is applied to a coated rigid substrate surface and then removed, the removal process has been described in terms of the “peel phenomenon,” as illustrated in Fig. X1.1.

当弹性的胶带粘在刚硬的涂层表面然后再去除，移动的过程已经在剥落现象中描述过，见X1.1插图。

X1.3.5 Peeling begins at the “toothed” leading edge (at the right) and proceeds along the coating adhesive/interface or the coating/substrate interface, depending on the relative bond strengths. It is assumed that coating removal occurs when the tensile force generated along the latter interface, which is a function of the theological properties of the backing and adhesive layer materials, is greater than the bond strength at the

coating-substrate interface (or cohesive strength of the coating). In actuality, however, this force is distributed over a discrete distance (O-A) in Fig. X1.1, which relates directly to the properties described, not concentrated at a point (O) in Fig.

剥落从锯齿状的前沿开始，延续到涂层相交处或底材相交处，这要依靠相对附着力的大小。假定当拉力

沿着后面的分界面时，涂层表面就要分离，附着力层的材料要比涂层与底材的附着力大。实际上，压力分布在不连续的距离（O-A），见图X1.1,图中相对直接地描述性能，没有集中在图中的O点。

X1.1 as in the theoretical case—though the tensile force is greatest at the origin for both. A significant compressive force arises from the response of the tape backing material to being stretched. Thus both tensile and compressive forces are involved in adhesion tape testing.

在理论中，在两种方法中胶带拉力最初是最大的。当胶带被拉伸时，会产生压力。拉力和压力都被包括在胶带附着力试验中。

X1.3.6 Close scrutiny of the tape test with respect to the nature of the tape employed and certain aspects of the procedure itself reveal several factors, each or any combination of which can dramatically affect the results of the test as discussed

仔细检查胶带测试中与胶带天然性质有关和过程本身的某些方面揭示性质的几个因素，单个或任意组合，可以显著地影响测试作为讨论的结果。

X1.4 Peel Adhesion Testing on Plastic Substrates 塑料垫片的表皮附着力测试

X1.4.1 Tape tests have been criticized when used for substrates other than metal, such as plastics. 胶带测试已经被排斥当垫片使用的是塑料而不是金属

The central issues are that the test on plastics lacks reproducibility and does not

relate to the intended application. 核心问题是，塑料测试缺乏重复性和不

涉及到预期的应用。

Both concerns are well founded: poor precision is a direct result of several factors intrinsic to the materials employed and the procedure itself.

两个关注点都被找到：精度差是使用的材料和过程本身固有的一些因素的直接的结果。

More importantly, in this instance the test is being applied beyond its intended scope. These test methods were designed for relatively ductile coatings applied to metal substrates, not for coatings (often brittle) applied to plastic parts

更重要的是，在这种情况下的适用的测试超出其预定范围。这些测试方法比较适用于金属基体的韧性涂料，不适用涂料（通常脆）及塑料部件的设计

(7). The unique functional requirements of coatings on plastic substrates cause the usual tape tests to be unsatisfactory for measuring adhesion performance in practice.

塑料基板上的涂料的独特功能要求导致通常的胶带测试不能使在实践中测试附着性能令人满意。

X1.5 The Tape Controversy 有关胶带的争论

X1.5.1 With the withdrawal from commerce of the tape specified originally, 3M No. 710, current test methods no longer identify a specific tape.

从3M 710号最初指定的胶带的取消，目前的测试方法不再确定一个特定的胶带。

Differences in tapes used can lead to different results as small changes in backing

stiffness and adhesive rheology cause large changes in the tension area.

使用胶带的差异可以导致不同的结果因为刚度和胶粘剂流变学导致在张力区域的巨大变化。

Some commercial tapes are manufactured to meet minimum standards. 一些商业胶带被生产以满足

最低的标准。

A given lot may surpass these standards and thus be suitable for general market

distribution; 一个给定的批次可能会超过这些标准，因此是适用于一般市场分布;

however, such a lot may be a source of serious and unexpected error in assessing adhesion. 然而，这样很多在评估附着力方面可能是一个严重和出乎意料的错误

One commercially available tape test kit had included a tape with adhesion strength variations of up to 50 % claimed by the manufacturer. Also, because tapes change on storage, bond strengths of the tape may change over time

一种市场上可买到的胶带测试装备包括了制造商声称的50%的粘付强度范围。此外，因为胶带上存储的改变，胶带的粘结强度可能随时间而改变

X1.5.2 While there are tapes available that appear to deliver consistent performance, a given tape does not adhere equally well to all coatings.

虽然有胶带可以提供一致的性能，一个给定的胶带不同等的适用所有涂料。

For example, when the peel removal force of the tape (from the coating) used earlier by

Task Group D01.23.10 to establish precision of the method, by 3M No. 710 was examined with seven different electromagnetic interference/radio frequency interference (EMI/RFI) coatings, it was found that, while peel was indeed consistent for a given coating, the

value varied by 25 % between the highest and lowest ratings among coatings.

例如，当胶带表面剥离去除力（涂层面）使用早期工作组D01.23.10建立精确的方法，由3M710号检测与

七个不同的电磁干扰/射频干扰（EMI /RFI）的涂料，它被发现，而剥离确实是一个给定的涂层一致，由25％之间的涂料之间的最高和最低的评分值变化。

Several factors that contribute to these differences include coating composition and topology: as a result, no single tape is likely to be suitable for testing all coatings.

导致这些差异的几个因素包括涂层的组成和拓扑结构：结果，没有一个单一的胶带适合测试所有涂料。

Further, the tape test does not give an absolute value for the force required for bond rupture, but serves only as an indicator that some minimum value for bond strength was met

or exceeded。

ASTM D 3359 涂层附着力粘胶带法测试

Designation:D3359–02 Standard Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test1 This standard is issued under the?xed designation D3359;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. 1.Scope 1.1These test methods cover procedures for assessing the adhesion of coating?lms to metallic substrates by applying and removing pressure-sensitive tape over cuts made in the?lm. 1.2Test Method A is primarily intended for use at job sites while Test Method B is more suitable for use in the laboratory. Also,Test Method B is not considered suitable for?lms thicker than5mils(125μm). N OTE1—Subject to agreement between the purchaser and the seller, Test Method B can be used for thicker?lms if wider spaced cuts are employed. 1.3These test methods are used to establish whether the adhesion of a coating to a substrate is at a generally adequate level.They do not distinguish between higher levels of adhesion for which more sophisticated methods of measure-ment are required. N OTE2—It should be recognized that differences in adherability of the coating surface can affect the results obtained with coatings having the same inherent adhesion. 1.4In multicoat systems adhesion failure may occur be-tween coats so that the adhesion of the coating system to the substrate is not determined. 1.5The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.6This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2.Referenced Documents 2.1ASTM Standards: D609Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels for Testing Paint,Varnish,Conversion Coatings,and Related Coating Products2 D823Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint,Varnish,and Related Products on Test Panels2 D1000Test Method For Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive-Coated Tapes Used for Electrical and Electronic Applica-tions3 D1730Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting4 D2092Guide for Preparation of Zinc-Coated(Galvanized) Steel Surfaces for Painting5 D2370Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings2 D3330Test Method for Peel Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Tape6 D3924Speci?cation for Standard Environment for Condi-tioning and Testing Paint,Varnish,Lacquer,and Related Materials2 D4060Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser2 3.Summary of Test Methods 3.1Test Method A—An X-cut is made through the?lm to the substrate,pressure-sensitive tape is applied over the cut and then removed,and adhesion is assessed qualitatively on the0 to5scale. 3.2Test Method B—A lattice pattern with either six or eleven cuts in each direction is made in the?lm to the substrate,pressure-sensitive tape is applied over the lattice and then removed,and adhesion is evaluated by comparison with descriptions and illustrations. 4.Signi?cance and Use 4.1If a coating is to ful?ll its function of protecting or decorating a substrate,it must adhere to it for the expected service life.Because the substrate and its surface preparation (or lack of it)have a drastic effect on the adhesion of coatings, a method to evaluate adhesion of a coating to different substrates or surface treatments,or of different coatings to the 1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01on Paint and Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D01.23on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films. Current edition approved Aug.10,2002.Published October2002.Originally published as D3359–https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2a7890536.html,st previous edition D3359–97. 2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,V ol06.01. 3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,V ol10.01. 4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,V ol02.05. 5Annual Book of ASTM Standards,V ol06.02. 6Annual Book of ASTM Standards,V ol15.09. 1 Copyright?ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States. Copyright ASTM International Reproduced by IHS under license with ASTM Licensee=daimlerchyrsler account/5957216001 Not for Resale, 12/09/2005 00:34:54 MST No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --` ` , , , , ` , , , ` ` ` ` ` ` , , ` ` ` , , , ` , ` ` ` -` -` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` ---

初粘性能测试

一．初粘力，初粘性能测试（滚球法，FINAT环形法，V轨道滚球法） 二．保持力，持粘性测试方法（常温保持，恒温保持，恒温恒湿保持） 三．剥离力，剥离强度测试方法（180°剥离90°剥离） 四．离型力，离型强度测试方法 五．剪切力，拉伸剪切强度测试（刚性材料对刚性材料） 六．解卷力，低速解卷强度测试方法 七．不干胶，胶黏测试项目总汇 胶粘制品主要是在基材上涂覆一层粘着剂，使之可以粘住物品表面，可通过粘接使两个或多个不相连的物体连接在一起。粘结性能是表征胶粘制品粘性质量的一个重要指标，初始粘力大小是否合适，保持时间是否达标，剥离强度是否适中，都是企业在产品出厂前进行质量监督检测的重要指标 一．初粘力测试（初粘性能测试） 初粘性测试是表征胶黏剂粘性的重要指标之一, 目前国内外测试初粘性有三种, 一种是滚球法另外两种是环形法和V斜坡Ｖ型道轨滚球法。 滚球法 ，通过钢球和测试试样粘性面之间以微小压力发生短暂接触时，胶粘带、标签等产品对钢球的附着力作用来测试试样初粘性。将一钢球滚过平放在倾斜板上的胶粘带粘性面。根据规定长度的粘性面能够粘住的最大钢球尺寸，评价其初粘性大小。 FINAT环形初粘法 环形初粘力测试方法来检测胶粘制品的初粘性，利用一种拉力测试仪来检测初粘性力值的大小，这种方法操作起来更直观，较之国内的斜面滚球法，数据更具有科学性，更接近实际应用 实验设备：剥离力实验机、环形初粘夹具， 试样制备：截取宽度25mm，长度至少175mm 的试样五条进行测试。测试条件：温度23℃±2℃，50%RH±5%RH，测试试样在测试前应至少放置4 小时。 测试步骤：1. 在测试前移除胶带背材，胶面向外，握住胶条两末端将它组成环形。环形末端10mm 夹入剥离试验机（环形初粘夹具）上夹具，环形垂直向下。（注意：夹具不要直接接触胶面）。2.（环形初粘夹具）的下夹具上的玻璃擦拭干净，剥离实验机以300mm/min 速度工作使环形与玻璃板接触，当完全接触后（接触面积25mmx25mm），立即反向以300mm/min 速度分离。重要的一点是要让反向分离滞后时间尽可能短，记录完全分离环形与玻璃板的最大力值。 测试结果：1. 环形初粘用N 表示，取五条胶带的平均值（忽略首峰）2. 如果力值大于纸张强度，结果应取撕裂前的最大值，并附上PT（纸张撕裂） 3. 如果胶有转移，应用AT 表示，并用百分数表明转移程度。 Ｖ型道轨滚球粘性测试方法 斜坡Ｖ型道轨滚球法，并与斜坡平面滚球法进行比较，指出了Ｖ型道轨滚球法的优点。关键词初粘性，Ｖ型道轨滚球法ｌ前言测试压敏胶粘带初粘性的常见标准有ＧＢ４８５２—８４《压敏胶粘带初粘性测试方法》等斜坡平面滚球法。这种方法所采用的滚球是直径为‘八。～１英时的３２种钢球，国内难以购买，且其尺寸不符合国家计量标准化的要求，若换算为ＳＩ制单位，则无论直径，还是质量均为无穷小数，既不便于制造，又无直观概念，难以推广；此外，ＧＢ４８５２规定，每次测试时必须用聚酯薄膜复贴助跑段和调节倾斜角度，既麻烦，又会因复贴不引起阻力不等而造成较大的系统误差，因此，国内压敏胶生产厂家较少采用此法。我们在编制《ＡＴＮ铝箔胶粘带）企业标准时，参考美国ＰＳＴＣ标准，采用了新的测试仪器和测试方法

油漆涂层附着力检测方法(百格测试)

油漆涂层附着力检测方法 ——百格测试 含义及测试方法 含义：一般而言是测试对象在经过涂装之后测试其附着度的工具,按照日本工业标准(JIS),分为1~5级，级数越高，要求越严格，当客户规范当中要求是第5级时，表示完全不能有脱落。参考标准：《GBT9286-1998 色漆和清漆漆膜的划痕实验》 测试方法：用百格刀在测试样本表面划10×10个(100个)1mm×1mm小网格，每一条划线应深及油漆的底层；用毛刷将测试区域的碎片刷干净；用3M600号胶纸或等同效力的胶纸牢牢粘住被测试小网格，并用橡皮擦用力擦拭胶带，以加大胶带与被测区域的接触面积及力度；用手抓住胶带一端，在垂直方向（90°）迅速扯下胶纸，同一位置进行2次相同试验。实验条件及标准 规定利用3M600或610的胶带黏贴于百格中,快速拉起3M胶带,其面漆或电度层被胶带黏起的数量依照百格的百分比： ISO等级：0 =ASTM等级：5B 切口的边缘完全光滑，格子边缘没有任何剥落。 ISO等级：1 =ASTM等级：4B 在切口的相交处有小片剥落，划格区内实际破损≤5% 。 ISO等级：2 =ASTM等级：3B 切口的边缘和/或相交处有被剥落，其面积大于5%～15% 。 ISO等级：3 =ASTM等级：2B 沿切口边缘有部分剥落或整大片剥落，或部分格子被整片剥落。剥落的面积超过15%～35% 。 ISO等级：4 =ASTM等级：1B 切口边缘大片剥落/或者一些方格部分或全部剥落，其面积大于划格区的35%～65% 。 ISO等级：5 =ASTM等级：0B 在划线的边缘及交叉点处有成片的油漆脱落，且脱落总面积大于65%。 依照客户要求B数测试是否通过百格实验，一般手机业界客户要求在4B以上。 正式的话是使用百格刀,横向与纵向各划1刀及型成100各细小方格.如无百格刀利用美工刀也可以. 利用3M600或610的胶带黏贴于百格中,快速拉起3M胶带,测试脱落数量。 操作步骤： 用划格器在涂层上切出十字格子图形，切口直至基材； 用毛刷对角线方向各刷五次，用胶带贴在切口上再拉开； 观察格子区域的情况，可用放大镜观察。 划格结果附着力按照第二项的标准等级。 相关测试工具产品参数 百格测试仪（漆膜划格仪,漆膜划格器） 产品说明： 根据ISO2409-1992标准设计制造的。 适用于GB/T9286-98、BS 3900 E6/ASTM D3359。 特点： 用于均匀划出一定规格尺寸的方格，通过评定方格内涂膜的完整程度来评定涂膜对基材附着程度，以‘级’表示。它主要用于有机涂料划格法附着力的测定，不仅适用于实验室，也可用于各种条件下的施工现场。 用途:

ASTM-D3359-09-标准试验方法-胶带法测量附着力

Designation: D 3359 – 02 名称： D 3359-02 Standard Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test1 ASTM D3359-09 标准试验方法胶带法测量附着力 This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3359; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. 这个标准是D 3359确定了以后发行的。数字代表名称最初通过的时间，或者修订情况，和最新版本。括号内的数字代表最新重新审批时间。上标代表最新版本的变化或重新审批。 This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. 该标准已经被国防机构部门批准使用。 1. Scope 范围 1.1 These test methods cover procedures for assessing the adhesion of coating films to metallic substrates by applying and removing pressure-sensitive tape over cuts made in the film. 本标准提出的试验方法是规定通过在漆膜切割区施加和撕离压敏胶带的方式，对漆膜与金属底材之间的附着力进行评定的程序 1.2 Test Method A is primarily intended for use at job sites while Test Method B is more suitable for use in the laboratory. Also, Test Method B is not considered suitable for films thicker than 5 mils (125μm). 试验方法A主要是供工作场所用，而试验方法B更适合实验室使用。试验方法B被视为不适合厚度超过 5毫英寸（125微米）的漆膜。 NOTE 1—Subject to agreement between the purchaser and the seller,Test Method B can be used for thicker films if wider spaced cuts are employed. 注 1-根据买卖双方的协议，如果切割间距较宽，漆膜较厚时可采用试验方法B。

胶带保持力和胶黏剂类产品粘力保持力测试试验方法以及使用

胶带保持力和胶黏剂类产品粘力保持力测试试验方法以及 使用仪器 1 概述 本产品按照中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T4851-1998之规定制造，适用于压敏胶粘带等产品进行持粘性测试试验。 1.1 工作原理：把贴有试样的试验板垂直吊挂在试验架上，下端挂规定重量的砝码，用一定时间后试样粘脱的位移量或试样完全脱离所需的时间来测定胶粘带抵抗拉脱的能力。 1.2 仪器结构：主要由计时机构、试验板、加载板、砝码、机架及标准压辊等部分构成。 1.3 技术指标：砝码—1000±10g(含加载板重量) 试验板—60（L）*40(B)*1.5(D)mm（与加载板相同） 压辊荷重：2000±50g 橡胶硬度：80°±5°（邵尔硬度） 计时器—99小时59分钟60秒 工位—6工位 净重—12.5kg 电源—220V 50Hz 外形尺寸—600（L）*240(B)*400(H)mm 2操作方法 2.1水平放置仪器，打开电源开关，并将砝码放置在吊架下方槽内。

2.2不使用的工位可按“关闭”键停止使用，重新计时可按“开启/清零”键。 2.3 除去胶粘带试卷最外层的3～5 圈胶粘带后，以约300 mm／min的速率解开试样卷（对片状试样也以同样速率揭去其隔离层），每隔200mm左右，在胶粘带中部裁取宽25 mm，长约100 mm的试样。除非另有规定，每组试样的数量不少于三个。 2.4 用擦拭材料沾清洗剂擦洗试验板和加载板，然后用干净的纱布将其仔细擦干，如此反复清洗三次。以上，直至板的工作面经目视检查达到清洁为止。清洗以后，不得用手或其他物体接触板的工作面。 2.5 在温度23℃±2℃，相对湿度65％±5％的条件下，按图2规定的尺寸，将试样平行于板的纵向粘贴在紧挨着的试验板和加载板的中部。用压辊以约300 mm/min的速度在试样上滚压。注意滚压时，只能用产生于压辊质量的力，施加于试样上。滚压的次数可根据具体产品情况加以规定，如无规定，则往复滚压三次。 2.6 试样在板上粘贴后，应在温度 23℃±2℃，相对湿度 65％±5%的条件下放置20 min。然后将试验。板垂直固定在试验架上，轻轻用销子连接加载板和砝码。整个试验架置于已调整到所要求的试验环境下的试验箱内。记录测试起始时间。 2.7 到达规定时间后，卸去重物。用带分度的放大镜测出试样下滑的位移量，精确至0.1mm；或者记录试样从试验板上脱落的时间。时间数大于等于1h的，以min为单位，小于1h的以s为单位。 3 试验结果处理 试验结果以一组试样的位移量或脱落时间的算术平均值表示。

胶带法测试涂层结合力

用胶带测试测量附着力的标准方法 ASTM D 3359 方法A. （划X法），油漆的干膜厚度大于5 Mils (127 u) 方法B. （划方格法），油漆的干膜厚度为2—5 Mils(50--127 u)时，划6线方格（线距2mm）。 油漆的干膜厚度为0—2Mils(0--50 u)时，划11线方格（线距1mm）。METHOD A（方法A） - X-CUT TAPE TEST（划X法胶带测试） 5A No peeling or removal无剥落或涂层去除 4A Trace peeling or removal along incisions 沿着切口有剥落或涂层去除的痕迹 3A Jagged removal along incisions up to 1/16 in. (1.6mm) on either Side 每一边沿着切口有长达1.6毫米（1/16英寸）的锯齿状去除 2A Jagged removal along most of incisions up to 1/8 in. (3.2mm) on either side 每一边沿着绝大多数切口有长达3.2毫米（1/8英寸）的锯齿状去除 1A Removal from most of the area of the X under the tape 胶带下X形的绝大多数区域都有涂层去除 0A Removal beyond the area of the X X形区域下涂层（全部）去除 METHOD B（方法B）- CROSS CUT TAPE TEST（划方格法胶带测试）

5B The edges of the cuts are completely smooth; none of the squares of the lattice is detached.切口边缘完全光滑；没有一个四方格子出现剥落。 4B Small flakes of the coating are detached at intersections; less than 5% of the area is affected. 交叉点处有少量涂层的剥落，但受影响面积不到5%。3B Small flakes of the coating are detached along edges and at intersections of cuts. The area affected is 5 to 15% of the lattice. 沿切口边缘和切口的交叉点处，有少量涂层剥落，受影响面积为5- 15%的 格子。 2B The coating has flaked along the edges and on parts of the squares. The area affected is 15 to 35% of the lattice. 沿切口边缘和四方格子内，涂层有剥落，受影响面积为15- 35%的格子。 1B The coating has flaked along the edges of cuts in large ribbons and whole squares have detached. The area affected is 35 to 65% of the lattice. 沿切口边缘，涂层有长条状剥落，且整个四方格子也有剥落。受影响面积为 35- 65%的格子。 0B Flaking and detachment worse than Grade 1. 剥落和剥离状况比1B更糟。以下摘自技术服务培训模块六（其图片指导为剖面图） 测试方法的目标是为了尽早发现层间结合力问题，以尽量防止可能会在以后产生更大的问题。 1．测试的进行–何地与何时--分段阶段 当涂料系统已施工完毕且涂层已完全硬干，就应进行结合力测试。每个分段进行两处测试。一处在通风良好处，如分段的边缘；一处在通风受到限制，很少有空气流动的区域。 除非系统是单道涂层加预涂的施工，否则不得在有预涂的部位进行测试。 2．整舱涂装 待整个系统施工完毕，你应在上部或底部区域进行测试。同样，如可能，你也应选择有良好通风和不良通风的区域进行。应在修补和最终检验以前进行测试，以便有机会对测试所损坏的区域进行修补。 所检测的点数取决于舱室的尺寸。应根据常识进行。作为指导，你可以每500 m2测一点，但在大于2000 m2的舱室，你可以少检测几点。 3. 检测设备-- 需要的唯一设备是带刀刃的锋利小刀。 4．测试方法 。 (i) 在涂层上划一个30? - 45?

试验温度对包装材料水蒸气透过率的影响分析

试验温度对包装材料水蒸气透过率的影响分析

摘要：试验温度是影响包装材料水蒸气透过率测试结果的重要因素，本文通过对不同温度下材料水蒸气透过率的测试，分析了试验温度对包材阻湿性的影响，并介绍了试验原理、设备C390水蒸气透过率测试系统参数及适用范围、试验过程等内容，为企业监控不同温度下材料的水蒸气透过率提供参考。关键词：水蒸气透过率、阻湿性、温度、水蒸气透过率测试系统、包装材料、红外传感器法 1、意义 水蒸气透过率是评价包装材料阻湿性的指标，是影响包装材料对所包装产品保护功能的重要因素，是防止产品出现受潮、发霉、结块等问题的重要屏障。影响包装材料水蒸气透过率的因素较多，如包装材质、厚度、材料内部结构及温度、湿度等环境条件等，一般来说，含铝箔、PVDC、镀铝膜、镀氧化物膜等材料包装的水蒸气透过率较低，同种材质包装厚度较厚者、结晶度、取向程度较高者其阻湿性较高，另外，包装材料不同的使用或存储环境同样会影响其水蒸气透过率，因此对于已经成型的包装材料来说，可通过对存储及流通环境的控制，使包装材料的阻湿性满足产品的保质要求。本文测试了不同试验温度下材料的水蒸气透过率，并分析材料的阻湿性随温度的变化情况。 2、试验依据 包装材料水蒸气透过率的测试方法有杯式法、电解传感器法、湿度传感器法、红外传感器法等，本次试验依据红外传感器法测试样品，所依据的标准为GB/T 26253-2010《塑料薄膜和薄片水蒸气透过率的测定红外检测器法》。 3、试验样品 本文以某企业生产的塑料薄膜为试验样品，分别测试其在25℃、90%RH与38℃、90%RH条件下的水蒸气透过率。 4、试验设备 本次试验所采用的试验设备为C390水蒸气透过率测试系统，该设备由济南兰光机电技术有限公司自主研发生产。

充氮包装重点关注性能解析

充氮包装重点关注性能解析 摘要：随着包装技术的进步，充氮包装已在食品、药品等产品包装方面得到广泛应用，能否保持包装中的氮气浓度是决定充氮包装保质效果的关键因素之一。本文针对性的分析了用于充氮包装的软塑包装材料应重点关注的性能指标，从而为企业筛选充氮用包装材料提供参考。 关键词：充氮包装、软塑包装材料、氮气透过量、氧气透过量、密封性能、热封强度、柔韧性 伴随着人们对生活水平要求的提高，食品、药品等产品的种类日新月异，产品的研发方向趋向少添加、绿色、无公害化发展，流通的地域也越来越广，这就对产品的包装技术提出了较高要求，以保证产品在流通过程及货架期内保持质量完好。 充氮包装是以氮气替换包装中气体的一种包装技术。氮气作为惰性气体，能够抑制微生物的繁殖，且与产品成分间无相互作用，将产品置于氮气氛围中可降低与产品接触的氧气浓度，可抑制微生物的生理活动、酶的活性和鲜活商品的呼吸强度，达到防毒、防腐和保鲜的目的。此外，充氮包装还具有防止产品被挤压变形、破碎等作用，可保持产品外观完好。然而，若要充分发挥上述功能，所用包装材料则应具有良好的性能，使包装内部的氮气浓度保持较高水平。为此，本文针对性分析了充氮包装材料应重点关注的性能指标。 图1 充氮包装食品 氮气透过量 氮气透过量指的是单位时间内渗透过单位面积材料的氮气量，该指标值的高低直接影响包装内部的氮气向外渗透的快慢，若所用包装材料的氮气透过量较高，包装内部的氮气散失较快，则在产品的存储及货架期内，包装易发生瘪袋，故而较低的氮气透过量是充氮包装材料应具有的基本性能。 目前，包装材料氮气透过量的测试方法主要为压差法，所依据的标准为GB/T 1038-2000

油漆附着力测试

油漆附着力测试－百格刀测试法 A 方案 测割工具：剃须刀片(解剖刀,以及其它刀具皆可) . 胶带：25mm宽的压力敏感型胶带,粘性强度根据供货商和消费者的实际需要来确定(实验室一般采用9 N/25mm(+/-1)强度的胶带). 切割导向条：如果是手工切割(针对机械切割来说),则需要一长直且坚硬横条以保证切口呈直线. 照明系统：良好的照明系统有助于检查切口是否穿透至底材以及测试结果的查验。放大镜：放大镜用来帮助进行单个切口切割和测试结果的查验。 测试样本：选取所要测试材料上的合适区域(要求该区域无明显瑕疵，污点，且表面干净，干燥)；且该测试区域要平坦.而且保证一个样本至少有三个以上这样的区域，以便重复实验 橡皮擦：橡皮擦来回擦拭胶带以使胶带很好地粘着切口区域 测试方法: 选取所要测试材料上的合适区域(要求该区域无明显瑕疵污点，且表面干净，干燥)：在样品上用刀划两条交叉长约40MM的切口,注意切口深度以见到底材为宜，两交叉切口的角度为30°--45°,交叉位置在两切口中心。 测试方法 刀片要沿着硬横条划且只能朝一个方向划也不能反复在切口上划。检查切口是否见到底材，如果没则另选取一区域重新划。切一宽25MM 长75MM的胶带.将胶带中心靠近切口交叉处，并沿着切口方向贴上胶带，用手指弄平胶带并用橡皮擦来回擦拭胶带以使胶带很好地粘着切口区域。在90+/-30 S后，以尽可能与 水平成180°的方向迅速拉开胶带,该过程手不要晃动。 结果判定 5A 无剥落或分离 4A 细微的剥落或沿切口/交叉处分离 3A 沿切口锯齿状凸起达1.6MM 2A 大部分沿切口锯齿状凸起达3.2MM 1A 剥落或分离的大部分是沿X区域 0A 剥落或分离的部分不在X区域内 要求详细记录测试结果，包括测试次数;测试点的位置，涂装方式，测试失败发生的地方(如在涂层与底材之间还是两涂层之间)

漆膜附着力检测方法

漆膜附着力测定法 GB 1720-79 本标准适用于漆膜附着力的测定。漆膜对底材粘合的牢度即附着力，按圆滚线划痕范围内的漆膜完整程度评定，以级表示。 ?一般规定 材料和仪器设备： 马口铁板：50 × 100 × 0.2~0.3 毫米； 四倍放大镜； 漆刷：宽 25~35 毫米； ?测定方法 按《漆膜一般制备法》（ GB 1727 － 79 ）在马口铁板上（或按产品标准规定的底材）制备样板 3 块，待漆膜实干后，于恒温恒湿的条件下测定。测前先检查附着力测定仪的针头，如不锐利应予更换：提起半截螺帽曙（ 7 ），抽出试验台（ 6 ），即可换针。当发现划痕与标准回转半径不符时，应调整回转半径，其方法是松开卡针盘（ 3 ）后面的螺栓、回转半径调整螺栓 (4) ，适当移动卡针盘后，依次紧固上述螺栓，划痕与标准圆滚线图比较，如仍不符应重新调整回转半径，直到与标准回转半径 5.25 毫米的圆滚线相同为调整完毕。测定时，将样板正放在试验台 (6) 上，拧紧固定样板调整螺栓 (5) 、 (8) ，和调整螺栓（ 10 ），向后移动升降棒（ 2 ），使转针的尖端接触到漆膜，如划痕未露底板，应酌加砝码。按顺时针方向，均匀摇动摇柄（ 11 ），转速以 80~100 转 / 分为宜，圆滚线划痕标准图长为7.5 ± 0.5 厘米。向前移动升降棒（ 2 ），使卡针盘提起，松开固定样板的有关螺栓（ 5 ）、（ 8 ）、（ 10 ），取出样板，用漆刷除去划痕上的漆屑，以四倍放大镜检查划痕并评级。 三、评级方法 以样板上划痕的上侧为检查的目标，依次标出 1 、 2 、 3 、 4 、 5 、 6 、7 等七个部位。相应分为七个等级。按顺序检查各部位的漆膜完整程度，如某一部位的格子有 70% 以上完好，则定为该部位是完好的，否则应认为坏损。例如，部位 1 漆膜坏损而部位 2 完好，附着力次之，定为二级。依次类推，七级为附着力最差。

M胶带附着力测试

M胶带附着力测试公司内部编号：（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-

3M附着力测试胶带 原装思高(Scotch)高级透明工业胶带 型号：500#，600#，610#，810# 规格：18mm * 15m 1/2 IN(12mm) * 1296 IN(32.9m) 3/4 IN(19mm) * 1296 IN(32.9m) 测试胶带用途:广泛应用于丝印、彩印、喷印等工艺中，检验其油墨附着性，是标准测试手段。如：印刷线路板，塑料制品丝印，喷印，电子产品丝印、喷印。 测试胶特点:粘性稳定、贴强度大，国际标准测试胶带；透明度高，日久不变黄；独立纸盒包装、方便保存、办公用规格、易于使用。 3M 600 和610都是用来测量附着力比较常用的胶带，与810的区别在于其粘力的大小，记忆中810比600和610的粘力都小。 测试方法简单的说就是： 用刀在产品上面划格子（面积大小1mm*1mm），格子的数量与产品的面积有关，能多划尽量多划，划完格子后用胶带紧紧的粘贴在产品表面，过大约2-5分钟后以一定的角度（60,90,180都可以）迅速把胶带剥离产品。 判断附着力有以下6个等级，一般的要求是3B： 5B 切割线条边缘非常光滑,方网格无任何脱落 4B 在切割线条交叉点有细粉脱落,受影响面少于5% ?

3B 在切割线条的边缘和交叉点,有细粉脱落,受影响的网格在5%?-15%? 2B 在切割线条的边缘和方格内,有薄片脱落,受影响的网格在15%?-35%? 1B 在切割线条的边缘有带状土层脱落和整个方格脱落，受影响的网格在35%?-65%? 0B 比1B更严重的涂层脱落

医用输液贴剥离强度的测试方法

医用输液贴剥离强度的测试方法

摘要：医用输液贴是输液时常用的一种医疗产品，剥离强度是影响其使用性能的重要因素。本文以Labthink 兰光MED-01医药包装性能测试仪为试验设备，测试了某品牌输液贴的剥离强度，并介绍了试验过程、试验原理、设备的参数及适用范围等内容，为企业监控输液贴的胶粘性能提供参考。 关键词：医用输液贴、剥离强度、胶粘性能、脱落、不易撕掉、医用包装性能测试仪、医用胶带 1. 意义 医用输液贴是输液过程中不可或缺的一种医疗产品，主要用于输液过程中固定输液导管、针柄，并对输液的穿刺部位产生一定的保护作用。医用输液贴主要由医用胶带、吸水垫、隔离膜三部分组成，其中医用胶带起固定作用，由表面涂布医用胶黏剂的医用无纺布或医用聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚乙烯(PE)或医用聚氨酯膜(PU)等材料构成，该部分胶粘性的大小直接影响到输液贴能否充分发挥其固定与保护作用。若输液贴的胶粘性较小，则在输液过程中输液贴易发生脱落，丧失其固定作用；若输液贴的胶粘性过大，则输液完毕后，输液贴不易撕掉，在撕扯的过程中造成患者强烈的疼痛感，损伤患者皮肤，故而医用输液袋应具有适宜的胶粘性。输液贴胶粘性的检测指标主要有两种，分别为持粘性、剥离强度，本文主要是通过测试剥离强度来表征其胶粘性能。 图1 常用医用输液贴 2. 检测样品 某企业生产的医用输液贴。 3. 检测依据 本次试验过程依据医药行业标准YY/T 0148-2006《医用胶带通用要求》中关于剥离强度试验的相关规定。 4. 试验设备 本文采用的试验设备为由济南兰光机电技术有限公司自主研发生产的用于医药包装检测的MED-01医药包装性能测试仪。

附着力试验仪作业指导书

第 1页 / 共 2页 文件编号：QW-TE-03 版本号：A 版 仪器名称：黏着力试验仪 规格型号：AR-1000 相关测试：离型力、残余等测试 设备 工具 编号 名称 编号 名称 物料 编号 名称 规格 用量 编号 名称 规格 用量 1 黏着力试验仪 1 TESA 胶带 7475 - 4 双面胶带 25mm 宽 - 2 钢板 2 日东胶带 31B - 3 仪器链接的电脑 3 待测样品 - - 更改人： 日期： 审批： 更改通知单编号： Step1：打开程序后显示如图1程序界面。 需确认以下信息： A. 1位置数字为0.0（如不为0请进行校准） B. 2位置为30cm/min C. 其他设定均为默认设定 D. 单位选择 Step2：将待测样品待测试面（胶带在上面）向上贴于试验台上。 Step3：拨动卡扣旋钮（红色方框位置）到图示位置，推动平台至右侧末端。如图3蓝色方框将左侧的胶带撕开用探头夹子夹住（避免碰撞探头夹子）。 Step4：确认无误后点击位置3 （START MOTOR ） 位置4 START 按钮由灰色变为白色，后点击START 。 平台会自动运行并记录测试数据。 图2 图3 图1 1 2 3 4 5

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