最新初中英语语法知识—副词的知识点训练附答案(1)

一、选择题

1．—Why did you buy one more tie？you have got more than ten ties.

—A man can never have _____ many ties.

A．enough B．too C．so D．such 2．—You’re going to Hong Kong. What are you doing_______?

—I’m going sightseeing. It will be ________time in Hong Kong.

A．to there; the first B．there; my first

C．in there; my first D．there; my the first

3．The show is ______, but I don’t have ______ to watch it.

A．interested enough; enough time B．interesting enough; time enough C．enough interesting; time enough D．interesting enough; enough time 4．—How often does he watch TV?

—He watches TV.

A．hard ever B．ever C．never

5．The boy read the book________and found something important in it.

A．carefully enough B．enough careful

C．careful enough D．enough carefully

6．My grandpa stays________in a (an) ________house, but he doesn't feel________. A．alone; alone; lonely B．lonely; lonely; alone

C．alone; lonely; alone D．alone; lonely; lonely

7．—Every student likes Ms. Wang very much.

—Yes. She________makes her lessons interesting.

A．never B．always C．Sometime

8．Look after yourself and take care of your pet.

A．well; well B．good; good C．well; good D．good; well 9．— Look! It is raining ______.

—That’s right. The rain is too ______ to go shopping.

A．heavily; heavy B．heavily; heavily C．heavy; heavy D．heavy; heavily 10．—I can’t find my dog.

—________ you can ask the policeman for help.

A．Why not B．May be C．Shall D．Perhaps 11．— How often do you eat junk food(垃圾食品)?

—________.

A．Two weeks B．Never C．In the morning D．This weekend 12．—Do you often go shopping with your mom, Mike?

—You know, most boys ________ go shopping, but I do.

A．sometimes B．usually C．hardly

13．Tom gets to school early every day, so he is ___________ late for class.

A．never B．sometimes C．usually 14．—How was your trip to the British Museum?

—I spoke no English and was _______ silent during the visit.

A．completely B．peacefully C．patiently D．carefully 15．— Is your home close to the school, Tom?

— No, it's a long way, but I am________ late for school because I get up early daily. A．always B．usually C．never D．sometimes 16．I did in last English exam and I hardly made mistakes.

A．enough well B．good enough C．enough good D．well enough 17．—Paul is very fat.

—Yes, he________plays sports and he eats too much.

A．always B．never C．usually 18．—How often do you write to your cousin in Francisco?

—________. I’m busy preparing for my exams these days.

A．Seldom B．Often C．Always

19．Li Ming failed the final exam, so he decided to study _______ next term. A．hardly B．hard C．harder D．hardest 20．—Hi, Bob! I can’t find my story book. Have you seen it?

—Sorry, I haven’t. Why not ask Jim? Perhaps he’s seen it _____.

A．anywhere B．everywhere C．nowhere D．somewhere 21．—Why do you think Sam did _______ than anyone else in the competition?—Because he sang most loudly and _______.

A．worse; carefully B．better; clearly

C．worse; quietly D．best; carefully

22．The children are making too much __________. How __________ they are playing! A．noise; noisily B．noise; noisy C．noisy; noisy D．noisy; noisily 23．—As we know, it’s difficult to live in the foreign country.

—______ if you don’t understand the local language.

A．Generally B．Naturally C．Exactly D．Especially 24．—Kitty is very good at musical instruments.

—Yes, she is. She can play the guitar almost her guitar teacher.

A．as better as B．as good as C．as well as D．so well as 25．Eddie is very lazy and he ________ exercises.

A．sometimes B．never C．often D．always

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除

一、选择题

1．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——你为什么又买了一条领带？你有十多条领带。——男人有多少领带也不会嫌多。

考查副词的用法。enough足够的，修饰名词时放在名词前，修饰形容词或副词时放在被修饰词后；too太，常放在形容词原级前面；so如此，常用在形容词或副词前；such如此，常用在名词前。too many太多的，修饰复数名词。所以选B。

2．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——你打算去香港。你在那里做什么？——我去观光。这是我第一次去香港。

考查介词辨析及序数词。there那儿，那里，是一个副词，前面不需要加介词，故排除A和C；first是序数词，“第一”，前面须加限定词，my和the都是限定词，两者选其一即可，不能同时都使用。故选B。

3．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

句意：这个节目很有趣，但是我没有足够的时间去观看。

考查形容词辨析以及enough修饰形容词和名词的用法。interested enough足够感兴趣；enough time足够的时间；interesting enough足够有趣。根据句中show“演出，表演”，表示“物”，所以此处使用形容词interesting表示“演出是有趣的”；enough修饰形容词时，放在形容词之后，修饰名词时，放在名词之前，所以第一空使用interesting enough，第二空使用enough time。故选D。

4．C

解析：C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——他多长时间看一次电视？——他从来不看电视。

考查频度副词。hardly ever几乎从不，很少，没有hard ever这个词组，排除；ever (用于否定句和疑问句，或与if连用的句子)在任何时候，从来，曾经，本句没有否定词，也不是疑问句或if连用的句子，排除；never从不，绝不；故选C。

5．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

句意：这个小男孩读书非常认真，在书中发现了一些重要的东西。

考查enough和形容词副词辨析。enough修饰形容词副词时要放在被修饰词的后面；可知排除B和D。修饰动词read可知使用副词，careful是形容词，carefully是副词，故选A。【点睛】

enough有两个词性，都表示足够。作为形容词来修饰名词时，放在名词前；作为副词来修饰形容词或副词时要放在被修饰词的后面。

6．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：我爷爷独自一人住在一所偏僻的房子里，但他并不感到孤独。

考查形容词及副词。alone客观上没别人和你在一起，单独的，独自地；lonely偏僻的，主观上感觉孤独的。动词“stays”后用副词alone表示“独自一人住”；house前用形容词lonely 做定语修饰，表示“偏僻的房子”；feel为系动词，接形容词lonely作表语，表示“感到孤独的”。故选D。

7．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——每个学生都很喜欢王老师。——是的。她总是让她的课有趣。

考查频率副词，A. never绝不；B. always总是；C. Sometime有时，结合“Every student likes Ms. Wang very much. 每个学生都很喜欢王老师。”，可推断出王老师应该总是让她的课很有趣，故选B。

8．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：照顾好你自己，并且照顾好你的宠物。

考查形容词和副词。well副词，表示“好地”；good形容词，表示“好的”。本题中第一空修饰动词短语look after，故用副词well；第二空修饰名词care，故用形容词good。故选C。9．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

句意：——看！雨下得很大。——对的。雨太大了不能去购物。

考查形容词和副词的用法。heavily大量地，副词；heavy 重的，形容词。第一个空用副词heavily修饰动词rain，表示“雨下得很大”。第二个空用形容词 heavy放在be动词之后作表语，表示“雨是大的”，故选A。

【点睛】

形容词和副词的用法是初中常考点。同学们可以根据口诀“形修名系表，副修副形动”来记忆他们的用法。口诀的意思是“形容词修饰名词，常放系动词后做表语；副词修饰副词，动词和形容词”。

10．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——我找不到我的狗。——也许你可以向警察求助。

考查副词的用法。Why not为什么不，后加动词原形；May be可能是，这里是情态动词加be动词，用于句中；Shall将会，情态动词； Perhaps副词，大概，也许。根据“you can ask the policeman for help.”此处用副词Perhaps。根据题意，故选D。

11．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——你多久吃一次垃圾食品？——从不吃。

考查频率表达。two weeks 两周；never 从不；in the morning在早上; this weekend这个周末。根据how often 可知是问频率，只有never 可以表达频率。故选B。

12．C

解析：C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——Mike，你经常和你妈妈一起去购物吗？——你知道，大部分的男孩几乎不去购物，但是我去。

考查频度副词。A. sometimes有时；B. usually通常；C. hardly几乎不。根据常识可知，大部分的男孩不喜欢购物，所以几乎不去购物，故选C。

13．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：汤姆每天上学很早，所以上课从不迟到。

考查副词。A. never从不；B. sometimes有时候；C. usually经常。根据前文Tom gets to school early every day可知，汤姆经常早到学校，所以他上课从不迟到。A选项符合句意，故选A。

【点睛】

常见的频度副词有never（从不），seldom（很少），sometimes（有时），often（经常），usually（通常），always（总是）。从100%（always）至0（never）可以这样排序：

always（100%）＞usually（80%）＞often（60%）＞sometimes（40%）＞seldom（20%）＞never（0）

14．A

解析：A

【解析】

句意：——你去大英博物馆的旅行怎么样？——我不讲英语，在访问期间完全沉默。考查副词辨析题。A. completely完全地B. peacefully和平地，C. patiently安静地；D. carefully细心地。silent安静的，形容词需用副词修饰；根据句意语境，可知选A。

15．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——汤姆，你家离学校近吗？——不，那是一段很长的路程，但是我从来没有迟到过，因为我每天都起得很早。

考查副词辨析。always总是；usually通常；never从不；sometimes 有时；根据句意理解及句中的because I get up early daily.可知，这里表达的是“从不迟到”，这里表达的是否定的意义，所以应该用never，故选C。

16．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：上一次英语考试我考得足够好，几乎没有出错。

考查enough后置。enough well足够好；good enough语法错误；enough good足够好；well enough语法错误。根据enough修饰形容词或副词要后置，排除AC；根据下文“and I hardly made mistakes.”可知还说那个问是“英语考试我考得足够好”，此处是副词修饰动词，well enough足够好。故选D。

17．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——保罗很胖。——是的，他从不运动，而且吃得太多。

考查频度副词。always总是；never从不，绝不；usually通常。根据上文“保罗很胖。”可知“他从不运动，而且吃得太多”；故选B。

18．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查频率副词，句意：“-你多久给你在弗朗西斯科的表哥写信一次？-很少。这几天我忙着准备考试。”，A. Seldom少许；B. Often经常；C. Always总是，根据“I’m busy preparing for my exams these days.”可知忙于准备考试，故选：A。

19．C

解析：C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：李明期末考试不及格，所以他觉得在下个学期更努力地学习。hardly几乎不；hard 努力地；harder更努力地，比较级；hardest最努力地，最高级。根据句意可知，这里表示下学期与这个学期的对比，应用比较级。故选C。

20．D

解析：D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：—嗨，鲍勃，我找不到我的故事书了，你看到没有？—对不起，我没有。为什么不问问吉姆，可能他在某个地方见到过。A.anywhere 任何地方； B.everywhere 到处； C.nowhere没有地方； D.somewhere某些地方，根据句意及题干分析此题是指“某个地方”，故选D。

考点：考查不定代词的用法

21．B

解析：B

【解析】

句意：——你为什么认为Sam比在比赛中任何其他的人都做的更好？——因为他唱得声音最大和清晰。根据语境可知第一个空用副词well的比较级，better。第二个空也是副词修饰动词。这里用副词的最高级。Carefully小心地；clearly清晰地；quietly安静地；carefully 仔细地。根据题意，故选B。

22．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

句意：——这群孩子们发出太多的噪音。他们太吵闹了。too much太多，后跟不可数名词；noise噪音，不可数名词；noisy吵闹的，形容词；noisily副词。句中第二空是说他们玩得很吵，应用副词去修饰动词play；故选A。

23．D

解析：D

【解析】

句意：--- 正如我们知道的，生活在国外是很困难的。--- 尤其如果你不懂得当地的语言时。根据句意，结合副词区别：generally，普遍，一般；naturally，自然地；exactly，恰当地；especially，尤其。故答案为D.

24．C

解析：C

【解析】

句意：——Kitty非常擅长乐器。——是的，她是，她能弹吉他几乎和她的吉他老师一样好。这里是同级比较，as+形容词或副词的原级+as。表示和……一样。这里是副词修饰动词，用well。根据题意，故选C。

25．B

解析：B

【解析】

句意：Eddie非常懒，他从不锻炼。sometimes有时；never从不；often经常；always总是。根据Eddie is very lazy可知他非常懒，因此从不锻炼，故选B。

初中英语语法知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .

10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)

初中英语语法知识—形容词的知识点(3)

一、选择题 1．— President Xi said that we are, we will be. —That's really true, we can only live a better life by working hard. A．the hard-working; the luckier B．the more hard-working; the luckier C．more hard-working; luckier 2．You are doing great! I’ve ne ver had ___________ answer before. A．better B．best C．a better D．the best 3．―is the population of China? ―It’s about 1.4 billion. I think it's becoming . A．what, more and more B．How many, larger and larger C．What, larger and larger D．How much, smaller and smaller 4．一Lucy, do you have any plans to spend your five-day holiday? 一I will go to Xiamen a second time. I have never visited city A．a most fantastic B．the most fantastic C．a more fantastic D．the more fantastic 5．We are covering these ____________ girls’ wonderful performances ______ . A．lively; live B．lively; alive C．alive; live D．alive; living 6．—Chinese Poetry Competition was one of during the Spring Festival. —I agree with you. I watched it every week. A．more popular shows B．most popular show C．the most popular shows 7．David didn’t pass the driving test yesterday, so he was very _____. A．shy B．glad C．proud D．disappointed 8．—Sonia, do you think you are different from Linda? —Yes. I'm ______ at drawing than her. A．better B．good C．well D．best 9．—Judy, what do you think of your junior high school life? —I think it is one of ______ periods in my life. A．wonderful B．the most wonderful C．more wonderful 10．A walk every day is enough to keep you healthy and in good shape． A．30-minute B．30-minutes C．30 minute's D．30-minutes' 11．His _______ experience helped him a lot when he met with difficulties. A．comfortable B．natural C．valuable D．surprising 12．I can’t tell you how fantastic the film Secret Superstar i s! It’s the ______ one I have ever seen. A．better B．best C．worse D．worst 13．The result is ________ worse than we thought! A．more B．even C．great D．much more 14．－Helen, can I wear jeans and a T-shirt to the school talent show?－OK, but a dress might be____. A．good B．bad C．better D．worse

初中英语语法 知识点(全)

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七年级（上） 1.familyname=lastname姓firstname=givenname名字 用介词in（如inEnglish） 2.用某种语言 3.电话用语中thisthat回答 “IsthatMr.H” “Yes，itis” 4.hat有边沿的帽子cap有帽舌的帽子 +y去y为 I，+es④o结 +s②s,x,ch,sh,结尾的+es③辅音字母 5.名词的复数形式：①一般 尾，除了negroherotomatopotato+es，其余+s⑥特殊名词复数形式 6.应对道谢Y ouarewelcome=That’sallright=That’sOK=Notatall=It’smypleasure. 7.Hereyouare=Hereitis=Itishere倒装句here+be+名词here+代词+be 8.in年月季节on日星期几节日at钟点 织）t akepartin参加（活动） 9.join参加加入（团体组 10.bebusydoing 11.bestrictwithsbbestrictinsth 12.bring+人或物+to+地点把?带到某地 bring+人或物+for+人给某人带来? 13.startdoingstart+名词 ;其后的动词与想法感情有关starttodo的情况：主语是物不是人;start本身为s tarting时 14.whattimeisit？=what’stime？询问钟点回答：Itis?.（一律） 单词：trumpet喇叭racket（网球羽毛球）球拍plural复数，复数形式，复数的ninth第九furniture家具February二月eraser橡皮擦dresser梳妆台 drum鼓documentary纪录片description描述broccoli花椰菜biology生物学 comedy喜剧s ingular单数plural复数 七年级（下） 1.hearfromsb.收到?的来信 2.befriendlyto对?友好 3.another另一，再一 other其他的，别的（无范围）+名词（复数） theother两个中的另一个（通常搭配one?theother?） others其他的人或物（代词） theothers多个中的剩余几个（不加名词，通常搭配some?.theothers?） 业 4.what+be+主语?=whatdo/does+主语+do？询问职 5.besurprised+atsth./todosth./句子 6.inthecorner屋里某个角落 onthecorner=atthecorner街头某个拐角处 7.everyday每天（状语）everyday日常每天的adj.+n.. ） 8.inthetree在树上（非树本身的一部分）onthetree在树上（树上的一部分 9.inhospital住院inthehospital在医院工作 10.agreewithsbagreetosth答应agreeon/upon/about达成一致意见 11.tell?from?把?与?区别开来

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3、形容词原级表示比较级含义： 约翰不象迈克那么苯。 John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike. 4、用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。 John is taller than any other boy in the class. John is the tallest boy in the class. 5、the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”: The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is. The more food you eat, the fatter you are. 6、 more and more….表示“越来……越……”: More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.

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一、选择题 1．— How often do you eat junk food(垃圾食品)? —________. A．Two weeks B．Never C．In the morning D．This weekend 2．—You’re going to Hong Kong. What are you doing_______? —I’m going sightseeing. It will be ________time in Hong Kong. A．to there; the first B．there; my first C．in there; my first D．there; my the first 3．Tony ________ gets up early, so he is never late ________school. A．never; for B．never; to C．always; for D．always; to 4．—Susan, someone is waiting for you on the phone. It_______ be your sister, b ut I’m not sure.—Oh, please tell her to call me_______ because I’m busy now. A．might; later B．must; later C．might; late D．must; late 5．________of the people here live on rice, and the people there live________on wheat. A．Mostly; mostly B．Most; mostly C．Mostly; most D．Most; most 6．—Sarah always asks “Where’s my mother?”. —After all (毕竟), she is _______ three years old. She needs mother. A．then B．always C．only 7．My grandpa stays________in a (an) ________house, but he doesn't feel________. A．alone; alone; lonely B．lonely; lonely; alone C．alone; lonely; alone D．alone; lonely; lonely 8．—What do you think of Rose? —She’s a lazy girl. She ________ helps her mother do housework at home. A．never B．often C．always 9．If you don’t work ________enough, I don’t think yo ur dream will come ________. A．hardly;truly B．hard;true C．hardly;true 10．My mother usually at 5:30 in the afternoon. A．get home B．get to home C．gets to home D．gets home 11．— Look! It is raining ______. —That’s right. The rain is too ______ to go shopping. A．heavily; heavy B．heavily; heavily C．heavy; heavy D．heavy; heavily 12．My sister is too young to_______herself_______. A．look at;good B．look like;well C．look after;good D．look after;well 13．—Would you like a glass of cola? — Thanks. But I ______ drink cola. I can’t stand its taste. A．usually B．never C．often D．always

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英语语法大全 初中英语语法 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如：I‘m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名 词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如： He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接 宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾 语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力) 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁)/ He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课)/ The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语) ☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里？) 3、构词法：英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。 1、合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。 2、派生法： (1)派生名词：①动词+er/or②动词+ing③动词+(t)ion④形容词+ness⑤其他,如： inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge (2)派生形容词：①名词+y②名词+ful③动词+ing/ed④friendly⑤dangerous⑥ Chinese; Japanese⑦English⑧French⑨German⑩国名+(i)an如：snowy, sunny,