中英文翻译--机械工程设计-精品

Mechanical engineering design

1. The meaning of design

To design is to formulate a plan for the satisfaction of human need .in the beginning the particular need to the satisfied may be quite well-defined. Here are two examples of well-defined needs.

1. How can we obtain large quantities of power cleanly, safely, and

economically without using fossil fuels and without damaging the surface of the earth

2. This gear shaft is giving trouble; there have been eight failures in the last

six weeks. Do something about it.

On the other hand the particular need to be satisfied may be so nebulous and ill-defined that a considerable amount of thought and effort is necessary in order to state it clearly as a problem requiring a solution. Here are two examples.

1. Lots of people are killed in airplane accidents.

2. In big cities there are too many automobiles on the streets and highways.

This second type of design situation is characterized by the fact that neither the need nor the problem to be solved has been identified. Note, too, that the situation may contain many problems.

We can classify design too. For instance:

1. Clothing design 7. Bridge design

2. Interior design 8. Computer-aided design

3. Highway design 9. Heating system design

4. Landscape design 10. Machine design

5. Building design 11. Engineering design

6. Ship design 12. Process design

In fact there are an endless number, since we can classify design according to the particular article or product or according to the professional field.

In contrast to scientific or mathematical problems, design problems have no unique answers; it is absurd, for example, to request the “correct answer” to a design problem, because there is none. In fact a “good” answer today may well turn out to be a “poor” answer tomorrow, if there is a growth of knowledge during the period or if there are other structure or societal changes.

Almost everyone is involved with design in one way or another, even in daily living, because problems are posed and situations arise which must be solved. Consider the design of a family vacation. There may be seven different places to go, all the different distances from home. The costs of transportation are different for each, and some of the options require overnight stops on the way. The children would like to go to a lake or seashore resort. The wife would prefer to go to a large city with department store shopping, theatres, and nightclubs. The husband prefers a resort with a golf course. When these needs and desires are related to time and money, various solutions may be found. Of these there may or may not be one or more optimal solutions. But the solution chosen will include the travel route, the

stops, the mode of transportation, and the names and locations of resorts, motels, camping sites, or other away-from-home facilities. It is hard to see that there is really a rather large group of interrelated complex factors involved in arriving at one of the solutions to the vacation design problem.

A design is always subject to certain problem-solving constraints. For example, two of the constraints on the vacation design problem are the time and money available for the vacation. Note, too, that there are also constraints on the solution, in the case above some of those constraints are the desire and needs of each of the family members. Finally, the design solution found might well be optimal. In this case an optimal solution is obtained when each and every family member can say that he or she had a good time.

A design problem is not a hypothetical problem at all. Design has an authentic purpose—the creation of an end result by taking definite acting or the creation of something having physical reality. In engineering the word “design ” conveys different meaning to different persons. Some think of a designer as one who employs the drawing board to draft the details of a gear, clutch, or other machine member. Others think of design as the creation of a complex system, such as a communications network. In some areas of engineering the word design has been replaced by other terms such as systems engineering or applied decision theory. But no matter what words are used to describe the design function, in engineering it is still the process in which scientific the principles and the tools of engineering—mathematics, computers, graphics, and English—are used to produce a plan which, when carried out, will satisfy a human need.

2. The phases of design

The total design process is of interest to us, how does it begin Does the engineer simply sit down at his or her desk with a blank sheet of paper and jot down some ideas What happens next What factors influence or control the decisions, which have to be made Finally, how does this design process end

The complete process, from start to finish, is often outlined as in Figure. The process begins with a recognition of a need and a decision to do something about it, after many iterations, the process ends with the presentation of the plans for satisfying the need, we should examine these steps in the design process in detail.

3. Mechanical engineering design

Mechanical design means the design of things and system of a mechanical nature—machines, products, structures, devices, and instruments. For the most part, mechanical design utilizes mathematics, the materials sciences, and the engineering mechanical science.

Mechanical engineering design includes all mechanical design, but it is a broader study because it includes all the disciplines of mechanical engineering, such as the thermal-fluids sciences, too. Aside from the fundamental sciences that are required, the first studies in mechanical engineering design are in mechanical design, and hence this is the approach taken in this book.

4. Design Process and Stages

Mechanical design is either to formulate all engineering plan for the satisfaction for the specified need or to solve an engineering problem. It is vast field of engineering technology which not only concerns itself with the original conception of the product in terms of its size, shape and construction details, but all considers the various factors involved in the manufacture, marketing and use of product. Mechanical design involves a range of disciplines in materials, mechanics, heat, flow, control, electronics and production.

Mechanical design should be considered to be an opportunity to use innovative talents to envision a design of a product, to analyze the system and then make sound judgments on how the product is to be manufactured. It is important to understand the fundamentals of engineering rather than memorize mere facts and equations. There are no facts or equations which alone can be used to provide all the correct decisions required to produce a good design. On the other hand, any calculations must be done with the utmost care and precision. For example, if a decimal point is misplaced, an otherwise acceptable design may not function.

Mechanical design may be simple or enormously complex, easy or difficult, mathematical or nonmathematical, it may involve a trivial problem or one of great importance. Good design is the orderly and interesting arrangement of all idea to provide certain results and effects. A well-designed product is functional, efficient, and dependable. Such a product is less expensive than a similar poorly designed product that does not function properly and must constantly be repaired.

People who perform the various functions of mechanical design are typically called designers, or design engineers. Mechanical design is basically a creative activity. However, in addition to being innovative, a design engineer must also have a solid background in the areas of mechanical drawing, kinematics, dynamics, materials engineering, manufacturing processes. The designer must first carefully define the problem, using an engineering approach, to ensure that any proposed solution will solve the right problem. It is important that the designer begin by identifying exactly how he or she will recognize a satisfactory alternative, and how to distinguish between two satisfactory alternatives in order to identify the better. So industrial designers must have creative imagination, knowledge of engineering, production techniques, tools, machines, and materials to design a new product for manufacture, or to improve an existing product.

In the modern industrialized world, the wealth and living standards of a nation are closely linked with their capabilities design and manufacturing engineering products. It can be claimed that the advancement of mechanical design and manufacturing can remarkably promote the overall level of a country’s industrialization. Many countries are playing more and more vital role in the global manufacturing industry. To accelerate such an industrializing process, highly skilled design engineers having extensive knowledge and expertise are needed.

5. Mechanical design process

Product design requires much research and development. Many concept of an idea must be studied, tried, refined, and then either used or discarded. Although the content of each engineering problem is unique, the designers follow the similar process to solve the problems. The complete process is often outlined as in figures. The design process usually begins with a specification of a solution. We sometimes allude to a design cycle, but the process may contain a design cycle plus design implementation, which involves actual production based upon the design. The design cycle can involve the original thoughts, sketches, and knowledge that in the specification stage produce engineering drawings. Computer-aid design is now employed to implement a cycle in which various designs or design ideas may be tested or simulated.

6. Contents of Mechanical Design

Mechanical design is an important technological basic course in mechanical engineering education. Its objective is to provide the concepts, procedures, data, and decision analysis techniques necessary to design machine elements commonly found in mechanical devices and systems; to develop engineering students’ competence of mechanical design that is the primary concern of machinery manufacturing and the key to manufacturing good products.

Mechanical design covers the following contents:

1．Provides an introduction to the design process, problem formulation, safety

factors.

2．Reviews the material properties and static and dynamic loading analysis,

including beam, vibration and impact loading.

3．Reviews the fundamentals of stress and defection analysis.

4．Introduces static failure theories and fracture-mechanics analysis for static

loads.

5．Introduces fatigue-failure theory with the emphasis on stress-life

approaches to high-cycle fatigue design, which is commonly used in the

design of rotation machinery.

6．Discusses thoroughly the phenomena of wear mechanisms, surface contact

stress, and surface fatigue.

7．Investigates shaft design using the fatigue-analysis techniques.

8．Discusses fluid-film and rolling-element bearing theory and application.

9．Gives a thorough introduction to the kinematics, design and stress

analysis of spur gears, and a simple introduction to helical, bevel, and worm

gearing.

10．Discusses spring design including helical compression, extension, and

torsion springs.

11．Deals with screws and fasteners including power screw and preload

fasteners.

12．Introduces the design and specification of disk and drum clutches and

brakes.

机械工程设计

1. 设计的意义

设计是制定一项计划，以便满足人类的需要。在开始的特别需要的满足可能相当明确。这里有两个例子明确界定的需要。

1. 我们怎样才能获得大量的电力干净，安全，经济上不使用化石燃料和不破坏了地球表面的

2. 这是给齿轮轴麻烦;有8个失误，在过去6个星期。做点什么。

另一方面，尤其需要得到满足可能是这样模糊不清和不明确，有相当数量的思路和努力是必要的，以国家显然是一个问题需要解决。这里有两个例子。

1 .很多人死于飞机事故。

2 .在大城市有太多汽车的街道和高速公路。

这第二种类型的设计局势的特点是一个事实，即既不需要也不是要解决的问题已被确定。请注意，也这种情况可能包含许多问题。

我们也可以分类设计。例如：

1 .服装设计7 .桥梁设计

2 .室内设计8 .计算机辅助设计

3 .公路设计9 .供暖系统设计

4 .景观设计10 .机械设计

5 .建筑设计11 .工程设计

6 .船舶设计12 .工艺设计

事实上有一个无休止一些，因为我们可以把设计的特定物品或产品或根据专业领域。

相反，科学或数学问题，设计独特的问题没有答案，这是荒谬的，例如，要求“正确答案”的设计问题，因为没有人反对。事实上是一个“良好”的回答今天很可能成为一种“穷人”的答案明天，如果有一个增长知识，或在此期间如果有其他结构或社会的变化。

几乎每个人都参与了设计一种或另一种方式，即使在日常生活中，由于提出的问题和情况时，必须予以解决。考虑设计一个家庭度假。可能有7个不同的地方去，所有不同的距离回家。运输费用的不同，每一个，而有些选项需要通宵站的道路上。孩子们要到一个湖泊或海边度假胜地。妻子宁愿去大城市的百货商店购物，剧院，和夜总会。丈夫喜欢度假的一个高尔夫球场。当这些需要和愿望是与时间和金钱，各种解决方案，可能会发现。这些有可能是也可能不是一个或多个最优解。但是，该解决方案将包括选择旅行路线，站，运输方式，以及姓名和地点度假村，汽车旅馆，露营地，或其他以外，来自家庭的设施。这是很难看到，

确实是一个相当大组相互关联的复杂因素，在达成一个解决办法，度假设计问题。

外观设计一直受到某些解决问题的制约。例如，有两个制约因素的度假设计问题是时间和金钱用于度假。请注意，也也有限制的解决方案，如果上述的一些制约因素的愿望和需要，每个家庭成员。最后，设计解决方案，发现很可能是最佳的。在这种情况下，一个最佳的解决方案时，得到的每一个家庭成员可以说，他或她的好时机。

设计的问题不是一个假设的问题。设计有一个真实的目的，建立一个最终的结果，采取一定的代理或建立了具有物理现实。在工程中的“设计” ，传达不同的意义，不同的人。有些人认为的是谁设计的图板采用草案的细节，齿轮，离合器，或其他机器的成员。其他人认为的设计，建立一个复杂的系统，如通信网络。在一些地区的工程设计一词取代了其他条款，如系统工程或实施决策理论。但不管用什么词来描述设计的功能，在工程中仍然是这一进程中，科学的原则和工具的工程，数学，计算机，图形和英文，是用于生产的计划，当进行出，将满足人类的需要。

2. 各阶段的设计

总的设计过程是对我们的利益，它是如何开始的是否工程师只是坐下来他或她的办公桌，一张空白的纸张，并记下一些想法接下来该怎么做什么因素影响或控制的决定，必须做的最后，请问这个设计过程结束

全过程，从开始到结束，往往是在图概述。2-2-1 。这一进程始于承认需要和一项决定，做些事，经过多次反复，这一进程结束时提出的计划，为满足需要，我们应该研究这些措施在设计过程中的细节。

3. 机械工程设计

机械设计手段设计的东西，系统的机械性质的机器，产品，结构，设备和仪器。在大多数情况下，机械设计采用数学，材料科学和工程机械的科学。

机械工程设计包括所有机械设计，但它是一个更广泛的研究，因为它包括了所有的学科机械工程，如热流体科学，也。除了基本的科学所需要的，首先研究了机械工程设计中的机械设计，因此这是在这本书采取的办法。

4. 设计过程和阶段

机械设计或是制订所有工程计划的满意度为指定的需要或解决工程问题。这是广大工程技术领域，不仅关注自己的原始构想的产品而言，其大小，形状和建筑细节，但认为所有的各种因素参与生产，销售和使用的产品。机械设计涉及一系列学科的材料，力学，热，流动，控制，电子产品和生产。

机械设计应被视为一个机会，利用创新人才设想设计的产品，分析系统，然后作出正确的判断上的产品是如何被制造。重要的是理解的基础工程，而不是

单纯的事实，并背诵方程。没有任何事实或方程仅可用于提供所有正确的决定，须出示了良好的设计。另一方面，任何的计算必须做极其谨慎和精确度。例如，如果一个小数点是正确的，可接受的设计，否则可能无法正常运行。

机械设计可能是简单的或极为复杂的，容易或困难，数学或非数学，它可能涉及琐碎问题或一个非常重要的。良好的设计是有秩序的和有趣的安排，所有的想法，提供一定的成果和影响。一个设计良好的产品是功能性，高效和可靠。这种产品是低于类似的设计不良的产品，这并不正常，而且必须不断地进行修复。

人谁履行各项职能的机械设计通常要求设计人员，或设计工程师。机械设计基本上是一种创造性活动。然而，除了创新，设计工程师也必须有一个坚实的背景领域的机械制图，运动学，动力学，材料工程，制造过程。设计者必须首先仔细界定问题，使用的是工程的办法，以确保任何拟议的解决方案将解决问题的权利。重要的是，设计师首先确定到底他或她将认识到一个令人满意的替代，以及如何区分两个令人满意的替代品，以确定更好。因此，工业设计师必须具有创造性的想象力，知识工程，生产技术，工具，机器和材料，设计新产品的制造，或改善现有的产品。

在现代工业化世界的财富和生活水准的一个国家是紧密联系在一起的，他们的能力设计和制造工程产品。可以说，提高机械设计和制造能显着促进整体水平的一个国家的工业化。许多国家正在发挥越来越重要的作用在全球制造业。为了加快这样一个工业化进程，高度熟练的设计工程师具有广泛的知识和经验是必要的。

5. 机械设计过程

产品设计需要大量的研究和开发。许多概念，一个想法必须加以研究，尝试，完善，然后使用或丢弃。虽然每一工程问题是独特的，设计师按照类似的过程来解决问题。全过程往往是概括的数字。设计过程中通常始于规格的解决方案。我们有时提到了设计周期，但是这个过程可能包含设计周期以及设计实施，它涉及到实际生产为基础的设计。设计周期可能涉及的原始想法，草图，和知识，在生产阶段的规格工程图纸。计算机辅助设计现在雇用实施周期中，各种设计或设计思想可能是测试或模拟。

6. 机械设计的内容

机械设计是一项重要的技术基础课程在机械工程教育。其目标是提供的概念，程序，数据和决策分析技术，必要的机械零件设计中常见的机械设备和系统;发展工科大学生能力的机械设计，这是首要关注的机械制造业的关键生产好的产品。

机械设计包括以下内容：

1. 提供并介绍了设计过程中，问题的制定，安全的因素。

2. 分析材料的特性、静态和动态加载，包括梁，振动和冲击载荷。

3. 叙述基本面的压力和叛逃分析。

4. 阐明静态失败理论和断裂力学分析，静载。

5. 叙述疲劳失效理论，重点放在强调与生活的方法高周疲劳设计，这是常用的

设计，旋转机械。

6. 论述彻底的现象磨损机制，表面接触应力，表面疲劳。

7. 调查轴的设计使用疲劳分析技术。

8. 讨论流体电影和滚动元件轴承理论及应用。

9. 阐述彻底简介运动学，设计和应力分析的齿轮，和一个简单的介绍了螺旋，

锥和蜗杆传动。

10. 讨论螺旋弹簧设计包括压缩，扩展，并扭转弹簧。

11. 解决螺丝和紧固件包括电力螺丝和预紧固件。

12. 阐明设计和规格的磁盘和鼓离合器和制动器。

机械工程专业英语翻译合集

1.我们可以把钢再次加热到临界温度以下的某一温度，然后在慢慢让其冷却。We can heat the steel again to a temperature below the critical temperature, then cool it slowly. 2.无论任何简单的机床，都是由单一元件即通称为机械零件或部件组成的。However simple, any machine is a combination of individual components generally referred to as machine elements or parts. 3.这些金属不都是好的导体。 All these metals are not good conductors. 4. 在做带电实验的时候，再怎么小心都不为过。 You can't be too careful in performing an experiment. 5.利用发电机可以把机械能转变成电能。 The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by means of a generator or dynamo. 6.假定电源输入的电压保持不变。 Assume that the voltage input of the power supply remains the same. 7.化石燃料是发电过程中最为频繁使用的能源。 Fossil fuels are most frequently used source daring the power generation process. 8单个机械零件的可靠性成为评估整台机器使用寿命的基本因素。 The individual reliability of machine elements becomes the basis for estimating the overall life 9.说我们生活在一个电子时代，这一点都不夸张。 It's no exaggeration to say that we live in an electronic age. 10.发动机的转速不应超过最大允许值。 Engine revolution should not exceed the maximum permissible. 11.如能从大型核电站获得成本极低的电力，电解氢的竞争能力就会增强。（Electrolytic hydrogen）。 If extremely low-cost power were ever to become available from large nuclear power plants, electrolytic hydrogen would become competitive. 12.电子技术提供了一种新的显示时间的方法。 A new way of displaying time has been given by electronics. 13.远距离输电需要高压，安全用电需要低压。 High voltage is necessary for long transmission line while low voltage for safe use. 14.铝的电阻大约是同等尺寸的铜的1.5倍。 The resistance of aluminum is approximately half again as great as that of copper for the same dimensions = size 15.In fact,it is impossible for no force to be exerted on a body,since in this world everything is subject to the for ce of gravity. 事实上，物体不受外力作用是不可能的，因为在这个世界上任何物体都要受到重力的作用。 16.In a thermal power plant,all the chemical energy is not

中英文翻译--机械工程设计-精品

Mechanical engineering design 1. The meaning of design To design is to formulate a plan for the satisfaction of human need .in the beginning the particular need to the satisfied may be quite well-defined. Here are two examples of well-defined needs. 1. How can we obtain large quantities of power cleanly, safely, and economically without using fossil fuels and without damaging the surface of the earth 2. This gear shaft is giving trouble; there have been eight failures in the last six weeks. Do something about it. On the other hand the particular need to be satisfied may be so nebulous and ill-defined that a considerable amount of thought and effort is necessary in order to state it clearly as a problem requiring a solution. Here are two examples. 1. Lots of people are killed in airplane accidents. 2. In big cities there are too many automobiles on the streets and highways. This second type of design situation is characterized by the fact that neither the need nor the problem to be solved has been identified. Note, too, that the situation may contain many problems. We can classify design too. For instance: 1. Clothing design 7. Bridge design 2. Interior design 8. Computer-aided design 3. Highway design 9. Heating system design 4. Landscape design 10. Machine design 5. Building design 11. Engineering design 6. Ship design 12. Process design In fact there are an endless number, since we can classify design according to the particular article or product or according to the professional field. In contrast to scientific or mathematical problems, design problems have no unique answers; it is absurd, for example, to request the “correct answer” to a design problem, because there is none. In fact a “good” answer today may well turn out to be a “poor” answer tomorrow, if there is a growth of knowledge during the period or if there are other structure or societal changes. Almost everyone is involved with design in one way or another, even in daily living, because problems are posed and situations arise which must be solved. Consider the design of a family vacation. There may be seven different places to go, all the different distances from home. The costs of transportation are different for each, and some of the options require overnight stops on the way. The children would like to go to a lake or seashore resort. The wife would prefer to go to a large city with department store shopping, theatres, and nightclubs. The husband prefers a resort with a golf course. When these needs and desires are related to time and money, various solutions may be found. Of these there may or may not be one or more optimal solutions. But the solution chosen will include the travel route, the

机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语翻译超级大全

Unit 1 Metals 金属

绝对纯净的金属从来也没有被生产出来过。即使绝对纯净的金属可以生产出来，工程师们对它们也并不会特别感兴趣，因为它们很柔软、脆弱。实际应用中的金属往往都包含着一定数量的一种或多种外来金属或非金属元素，这些外来元素可能是有害的也可能是有益的或者它们对某种特定的 属性没有影响。如果是有害

the crystals of the various grains are ran domly orie nted in space. The gra ins are everywhere in in timate con tact with one another and joined together on an atomic scale. The region at which they join is known as a grain boun dary. An absolutely pure metal (i.e. one composed of only one type of atom) has never been produced. Engin eers would not be particularly in terested in such a metal even if it were to be produced, because it would be soft and weak. The metals used commercially in evitably con ta in small amounts of one or more foreig n eleme nts, either metallic or nonmetallic. These foreig n eleme nts may be detrimental , they may be 它们的重量占所有生产出来的金属重量的98%在结构应用（也就是说，可以承受载荷的结构）中居于其次位置的是铝、铜、镍和钛。在所有的金属产量中，铝占0.8 %，铜占0.7 %, 剩下的占 0.5 %。剩下的金属用于相对特殊的用途。例如，镍合金主要用于抗磨损和耐高温的用途，由于钛合金具有高强度和低密度的综合特性，钛被广泛应用于航空工业中。镍合钛有高成本和高质量的使用特性，事实上，它们高的成本限制了它们的应用。 我们不能在这里讨论这些深奥的特性。在合金材料被采用和应用于工程实际之前，掌握其结构强度和它的综合性质就够了。举例来说，它可以强度很高，并且有好的耐磨性；它可以被例如拉伸加工，机械加工，或焊接等特殊工艺来加工出来；它可以被循环利用；它的成本和实用性是首要的。

机械工程专业英语翻译

53 Industrial Robots There are a variety of definitions of the term industrial robot. Depending on the definition used, the number of robot installations worldwide varies widely. Numerous single-purpose machines are used in manufacturing plants that might appear to be robots. These machines can only perform a single function and can not be reprogrammed to perform a different function. Such single-purpose machine is do not fit the definition for industrial robots that is becoming widely accepted. 关于工业机器人的定义有很多。采用不同的定义，全世界各地机器人的数量就会发生很大的变化。在制造工厂中使用的许多单用途机器可能会看起来像机器人。这些机器人只有单一的功能，不能通过重新编程的方式去完成不同的工作。这种单一用途的机器人不能满足被人们日益广泛接受的关于工业机器人的定义。 An industrial robot is defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator, which may be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications. 国际标准化组织(ISO)对工业机器人的定义为：一种能够自动控制的、可重复编程的多功能操作机，它可以是固定式的，也可以是移动式的，应用于工业自动化领域。 there exist several other definitions too, given by other societies, e.g, by the Robot Institute of America (RIA), the Japan Industrial Robot Association (JIRA), British Robot Association (BRA) , and others. The

机械设计专业术语的英语翻译

机械设计专业术语的英语翻译 阿基米德蜗杆 Archimedes worm 安全系数 safety factor; factor of safety 安全载荷 safe load 凹面、凹度 concavity 扳手 wrench 板簧 flat leaf spring 半圆键 woodruff key 变形 deformation 摆杆 oscillating bar 摆动从动件 oscillating follower 摆动从动件凸轮机构 cam with oscillating follower 摆动导杆机构 oscillating guide-bar mechanism 摆线齿轮 cycloidal gear 摆线齿形 cycloidal tooth profile 摆线运动规律 cycloidal motion 摆线针轮 cycloidal-pin wheel 包角 angle of contact 保持架 cage 背对背安装 back-to-back arrangement 背锥 back cone ；normal cone 背锥角 back angle 背锥距 back cone distance 比例尺 scale 比热容 specific heat capacity 闭式链 closed kinematic chain 闭链机构 closed chain mechanism 臂部 arm 变频器 frequency converters 变频调速 frequency control of motor speed 变速 speed change 变速齿轮 change gear ; change wheel 变位齿轮 modified gear 变位系数 modification coefficient 标准齿轮 standard gear 标准直齿轮 standard spur gear 表面质量系数 superficial mass factor 表面传热系数 surface coefficient of heat transfer 表面粗糙度 surface roughness 并联式组合 combination in parallel 并联机构 parallel mechanism 并联组合机构 parallel combined mechanism 并行工程 concurrent engineering 并行设计 concurred design, CD 不平衡相位 phase angle of unbalance 不平衡 imbalance (or unbalance) 不平衡量 amount of unbalance 不完全齿轮机构 intermittent gearing 波发生器 wave generator 波数 number of waves 补偿 compensation 参数化设计 parameterization design, PD 残余应力 residual stress 操纵及控制装置 operation control device 槽轮 Geneva wheel 槽轮机构 Geneva mechanism ；Maltese cross 槽数 Geneva numerate 槽凸轮 groove cam 侧隙 backlash 差动轮系 differential gear train 差动螺旋机构 differential screw mechanism 差速器 differential 常用机构 conventional mechanism; mechanism in common use 车床 lathe 承载量系数 bearing capacity factor 承载能力 bearing capacity 成对安装 paired mounting 尺寸系列 dimension series 齿槽 tooth space 齿槽宽 spacewidth 齿侧间隙 backlash 齿顶高 addendum 齿顶圆 addendum circle 齿根高 dedendum 齿根圆 dedendum circle 齿厚 tooth thickness 齿距 circular pitch 齿宽 face width 齿廓 tooth profile 齿廓曲线 tooth curve

机械专业中英文对照翻译大全

机械专业英语词汇中英文对照翻译一览表 陶瓷ceramics 合成纤维synthetic fibre 电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion 车架automotive chassis 悬架suspension 转向器redirector 变速器speed changer 板料冲压sheet metal parts 孔加工spot facing machining 车间workshop 工程技术人员engineer 气动夹紧pneuma lock 数学模型mathematical model 画法几何descriptive geometry 机械制图Mechanical drawing 投影projection 视图view 剖视图profile chart 标准件standard component 零件图part drawing 装配图assembly drawing

尺寸标注size marking 技术要求technical requirements 刚度rigidity 内力internal force 位移displacement 截面section 疲劳极限fatigue limit 断裂fracture 塑性变形plastic distortion 脆性材料brittleness material 刚度准则rigidity criterion 垫圈washer 垫片spacer 直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear 直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear 运动简图kinematic sketch 齿轮齿条pinion and rack 蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear 虚约束passive constraint 曲柄crank 摇杆racker

机械工程英语翻译

?Drilling and Drills 钻削和钻头 Drilling involves producing through or blind holes in a workpiece by forcing a tool, which rotates around its axis, against the workpiece. 钻削就是通过迫使绕自身轴线旋转的切削刀具进入工件而在其上生成通孔或盲孔。 Consequently, the range of cutting from that axis of rotation is equal to the radius of the required hole. In practice, two symmetrical cutting edges that rotate about the same axis are employed. 因此，从旋转轴线开始的切削范围等于所需孔的半径。实际上，使用的是两条围绕相同轴线旋转的对称切削刃。 Drilling operations can be carried out by using either hand drills or drilling machines. The latter differ in size and construction. Nevertheless, the tool always rotates around its axis while the workpiece is kept firmly fixed. This is contrary to drilling on a lathe. 钻削作业既能采用手钻也能采用钻床来实现。钻床在尺寸和结构上虽有差别，然而始终都是切削刀具围绕自身轴线旋转、工件稳固定位的形式。这正好与在车床上钻孔相反。 Cutting Tool for Drilling Operation In drilling operations, a cylindrical rotary-end cutting tool, called a drill, is employed. The drill can have either one or more cutting edges and corresponding flutes, which can be straight or helical. 用于钻削作业的切削刀具 在钻削作业中，要用到被称为钻头的圆柱形回转端切削刀具。钻头可以有一条或多条直的或是螺旋状的切削刃以及相应的出屑槽。 The function of the flutes is to provide outlet passages for the chips generated during the drilling operation and also to allow lubricants and coolants to reach the cutting edges and the surface being machined. Following is a survey of the commonly used drills. 出屑槽的功能是给钻削作业中产生的切屑提供排出通道，并允许润滑剂和冷却液到达切削刃和正在被加工的表面。下面是常用钻头的概述。 Twist drill. The twist drill is the most common type of drill. It has two cutting edges and two helical flutes that continue over the length of the drill body, as shown in Fig.12.1. The drill also consists of a neck and a shank that can be either straight or tapered.

机械工程专业英语翻译

u bolt u形螺栓;马蹄螺栓u trap u形气隔u-anchor u形锚栓u-channel u形排水渠ultimate bearing capacity [ground]极限承载力[土地] ultimate bearing failure 极限承载损坏;极限承载破坏ultimate bond capacity [ground]极限黏结力[土 地] ultimate friction capacity [ground]极限摩擦力[土 地] ultimate limit state极限状态ultimate limit state design 极限状态设计ultimate load极限荷载;极限载重 ultimate pullout capacity极限抗拔力ultimate strength 极限强度ultimate stress极限应力ultrahigh frequency antenna 特高频电线连接器ultrasonic crack detection超.声波裂缝检测ultrasonic flaw detector超声波探伤仪ultrasonic pulse velocity 超声波脉动测试unallocated government land未拨用的政府土地unauthorized building违例建筑物 unauthorizedbuilding advisory committee违例建筑物谘询委员会unauthorized building works违例建筑工程;僭建工程unauthorized occupant非认可占用人;未经认可占用人unauthorized structure违例构筑物;违例搭建物unauthorized tenant 非认可租客;未经认可租户 unbraced element无横向支撑元件;无支撑元件 unbraced excavation 无支撑挖掘unbraced structure无横向支撑结构;无妓撑结构uncommitted category 未承担类别uncommitted demand未承担需求uncompleted flat楼花;未建成的楼宇单位uncompleted residential flat 住宅楼花unconfined compression test无侧限压缩试验 unconfined compressive strength无侧限抗压强度uncontaminated mud非污染泥uncovering works未经盖封的工程undercoat 底涂层;底漆underground cable地下电缆underground chamber地下室underground engineering地下工程underground fuel tank地下油缸

机械工程英语——段落翻译

(仅作参考） Nonferrous Metal elements other than…… 有色金属元素不同于称为铁的有色金属。有色金属包括常用的轻金属，比如钛，铍；还有常用的重金属类，比如铜，铅，锡，锌。重金属里面包换白色金属，包括锡，铅，镉；它们的熔点较低，一般是230到330摄氏度。高温有色金属包括钼，铌，钽，钨。钨在所有金属中具有最高的熔点，达到了3400摄氏度。除铁以外的金属合金被称为有色合金，合金之间可能的组合几乎是无限的。 Stress and strain Stress is defined as…… 压力是用来定义抵抗材料面对外力和外载荷时的性能指标。它是根据外在受力的每一份面积来衡量的。正应力是垂直作用在材料表面上的，也就是指的拉伸和压缩。另外一种定义是说压力是根据力的作用面积来计算它的数值的。有一种猜想声称，压力是作用在每个粒子大小的面积上的力综合起来构成的整个作用面上的综合力。如果确实如此的话，压力就是均衡分布的。力和力作用的面积可以用来计算出材料内部产生的压力。随着分极光和光弹性塑料模型的应用，很有可能测算出压力的密度。 Now that we…… 目前我们认识到了诸多问题如资源有限，能源浪费，材料加工的有害副产品和原材料弃置，期望我们每个人都将接受材料方面的知识确保我们的自然资源被最好的利用并且用工程材料技术来保护环境。 The primary purpose of…… 退火的主要作用是软化硬钢以便加工或冷加工。这经常在把零件加热到奥氏体略高于临界温度时达成。放置原位直到零件温度全部统一，并且在可控频率下缓慢冷却，为了表面温度和零件中心温度大致相同。这个过程我们称为完全退火。因为消除之前的微量结构，提炼出晶体结构，并软化金属。退火也能把之前成型的金属消除内应力。 A machine screw is…… 机械螺钉的螺纹占了柄的全部长度；螺栓只有部分螺纹。图9.1注明了所用的专业术语。因此螺栓，像是螺钉，提供合适的轴承表面以应对外部剪切载荷，螺钉主要依靠在紧密装配表面之间引起摩擦在相同条件下保持紧固力。螺钉螺纹

机械设计简介中英文翻译

Mechanical design is the application of science and technology to devise new or improved products for the purpose of satisfying human needs. It is a vast field of engineering technology which not only concerns itself with the original conception of the product in terms of its size, shape and construction details, but also considers the various factors involved in the manufacture, marketing and use of the product. People who perform the various functions of mechanical design are typically called designers, or design engineers. Mechanical design is basically a creative activity. However, in addition to being innovative, a design engineer must also have a solid background in the areas of mechanical drawing, kinematics, dynamics, materials engineering, strength of materials and manufacturing processes. As stated previously, the purpose of mechanical design is to produce a product which will serve a need for man. Inventions, discoveries and scientific knowledge by themselves do not necessarily benefit people; only if they are incorporated into a designed product will a benefit be derived. It should be recognized, therefore, that a human need must be identified before a particular product is designed.

机械工程专业英语翻译

机械工程专业英语翻译 Introduction 机械工程是一门涵盖机械原理、设计、制造以及维护的综合性学科，其中涉及许多专业术语和英语翻译。良好的英语翻译能力对机械工程 师在国际合作和成果交流中至关重要。本文将介绍机械工程专业中常 见的英语单词和短语，并提供中文翻译和相关注释。 Mechanical Principles 机械原理 对于机械原理，下面是一些常见的英语单词和短语。 1.Mechanism（机构）：A mechanism is a device designed to transform input forces and movement into a desired output force and movement. 2.Kinematics（运动学）：Kinematics is the study of motion, without regard to the cause of the motion. 3.Statics（静力学）：Statics is the study of the behavior of structures, under the action of forces without producing motion. 4.Dynamics（动力学）：Dynamics is the study of the behavior of motion of objects under the action of forces. 5.Thermodynamics（热力学）：Thermodynamics deals with the relationships between heat, work, and energy.

机械工程专业英语参考译文

机械工程专业英语参考译文 机械工程专业英语参考译文 机械工程是一门涉及设计、制造、控制和维护机械系统的学科，涉及到许多不同的领域，包括制造业、航空航天、汽车、能源和医疗设备等。机械工程专业英语是机械工程领域中非常重要的语言工具，以下是一些常见的机械工程专业英语词汇和短语: 1. Machine Tools - 机器工具 Machine tools are tools that are used to perform precision machining operations on materials. They include drills, mills, lathes, routers, and other tools that are used to create precision parts and assemblies. 2. Material - 材料 Material is any substance that is in a solid, liquid, or gas state. It can be made from a variety of materials, such as metals, ceramics, plastics, and papers. In engineering, material refers to the physical and chemical properties of a material that determine its behavior in a particular application. 3. Design - 设计 Design refers to the process of creating a plan or concept for a particular object or system. It involves analyzing the needs and requirements of a particular application, and then

(完整word版)机械设计外文翻译(中英文)

机械设计理论 机械设计是一门通过设计新产品或者改进老产品来满足人类需求的应用技术科学。它涉及工程技术的各个领域，主要研究产品的尺寸、形状和详细结构的基本构思,还要研究产品在制造、销售和使用等方面的问题。 进行各种机械设计工作的人员通常被称为设计人员或者机械设计工程师。机械设计是一项创造性的工作.设计工程师不仅在工作上要有创造性，还必须在机械制图、运动学、工程材料、材料力学和机械制造工艺学等方面具有深厚的基础知识。 如前所诉，机械设计的目的是生产能够满足人类需求的产品。发明、发现和科技知识本身并不一定能给人类带来好处,只有当它们被应用在产品上才能产生效益。因而,应该认识到在一个特定的产品进行设计之前，必须先确定人们是否需要这种产品。 应当把机械设计看成是机械设计人员运用创造性的才能进行产品设计、系统分析和制定产品的制造工艺学的一个良机。掌握工程基础知识要比熟记一些数据和公式更为重要.仅仅使用数据和公式是不足以在一个好的设计中做出所需的全部决定的.另一方面，应该认真精确的进行所有运算。例如，即使将一个小数点的位置放错，也会使正确的设计变成错误的。 一个好的设计人员应该勇于提出新的想法，而且愿意承担一定的风险,当新的方法不适用时，就使用原来的方法。因此，设计人员必须要有耐心，因为所花费的时间和努力并不能保证带来成功。一个全新的设计，要求屏弃许多陈旧的，为人们所熟知的方法。由于许多人墨守成规，这样做并不是一件容易的事。一位机械设计师应该不断地探索改进现有的产品的方法，在此过程中应该认真选择原有的、经过验证的设计原理，将其与未经过验证的新观念结合起来。 新设计本身会有许多缺陷和未能预料的问题发生，只有当这些缺陷和问题被解决之后,才能体现出新产品的优越性。因此，一个性能优越的产品诞生的同时,也伴随着较高的风险。应该强调的是，如果设计本身不要求采用全新的方法，就没有必要仅仅为了变革的目的而采用新方法。 在设计的初始阶段，应该允许设计人员充分发挥创造性,不受各种约束。即使产生了许多不切实际的想法，也会在设计的早期,即绘制图纸之前被改正掉。只有这样，才不致于堵塞创新的思路。通常，要提出几套设计方案,然后加以比较。很有可能在最后选定的方案中,采用了某些未被接受的方案中的一些想法。 心理学家经常谈论如何使人们适应他们所操作的机器。设计人员的基本职责是努力使机器来适应人们。这并不是一项容易的工作，因为实际上并不存在着一个对所有人来说都是最优的操作范围和操作过程。 另一个重要问题,设计工程师必须能够同其他有关人员进行交流和磋商。在开始阶段，设计人员必须就初步设计同管理人员进行交流和磋商,并得到批准。这一般是通过口头讨论，草图和文字材料进行的。为了进行有效的交流，需要解决下列问题： （1）所设计的这个产品是否真正为人们所需要？ （2) 此产品与其他公司的现有同类产品相比有无竞争能力？

机械设计外文翻译(中英文)

Machine design theory The machine design is through designs the new product or improves the old product to meet the human need the application technical science. It involves the project technology each domain, mainly studies the product the size, the shape and the detailed structure basic idea, but also must study the product the personnel which in aspect the and so on manufacture, sale and use question. Carries on each kind of machine design work to be usually called designs the personnel or machine design engineer. The machine design is a creative work. Project engineer not only must have the creativity in the work, but also must in aspect and so on mechanical drawing, kinematics, engineerig material, materials mechanics and machine manufacture technology has the deep elementary knowledge. If front sues, the machine design goal is the production can meet the human need the product. The invention, the discovery and technical knowledge itself certainly not necessarily can bring the advantage to the humanity, only has when they are applied can produce on the product the benefit. Thus, should realize to carries on before the design in a specific product, must first determine whether the people do need this kind of product Must regard as the machine design is the machine design personnel carries on using creative ability the product design, the system analysis and a formulation product manufacture technology good opportunity. Grasps the project elementary knowledge to have to memorize some data and the formula is more important than. The merely service data and the formula is insufficient to the completely decision which makes in a good design needs. On the other hand, should be earnest precisely carries on all operations. For example, even if places wrong a decimal point position, also can cause the correct design to turn wrongly. A good design personnel should dare to propose the new idea, moreover is willing to undertake the certain risk, when the new method is not suitable, use original method. Therefore, designs the personnel to have to have to have the patience, because spends