考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2001年part2

考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2001年part2

Part Two

A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so called digital divide-the division of the world into the info（information）rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.

There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we've ever had.

Of course, the use of the Internet isn't the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.

To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure （the basic structural foundations of a society）in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so. And that is why America's Second

Wave infrastructure-including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain's former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you're going to be. That doesn't mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.

5．Digital divide is something _________.

［A］getting worse because of the Internet ［B］the rich countries are responsible for

［C］the world must guard against ［D］considered positive today

6．Governments attach importance to the Internet because it _________.

［A］offers economic potentials ［B］can bring foreign funds

［C］can soon wipe out world poverty ［D］connects people all over the world

7．The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of _________.

［A］providing financial support overseas ［B］preventing foreign capital's control

［C］building industrial infrastructure ［D］accepting foreign investment

8．It seems that now a country's economy depends much on _________.

［A］how well developed it is electronically

［B］whether it is prejudiced against immigrants

［C］whether it adopts America's industrial pattern

［D］how much control it has over foreign corporations

Unit 8 （2001） Part2

重点词汇：

1.divide（分开；分配；除）是division / （分开；部门；除法）的动词形式。The only way on earth to multiply happiness is to divide it.世上能使幸福成倍增加的方法是将其分作几份。Grief can take care of itself, but to get the full value of a joy you must have somebody to divide it with.悲伤只需其自身就足够了，然而要获取一件乐事的充分价值，你就必须找人分享。Instead of this absurd division into sexes they ought to class people as static and dynamic.为取代性别这种荒唐的区别，他们应该把人分成静态与动态两种。

2.loom （v.隐约出现；织布机）可看作loo+m，loo即数字100，m即国际单位"米"，能织出100米长的布的"织布机"；另外布在织成以前是透明的，所以布后面的东西是可以"隐约出现"的。

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3b15557040.html,mercialize（使商业化）即commercial+ize，commercial（商业的）←commerc（e）+ial，-ize动词后缀"使......化"。Good manners are the settled medium of social, as specie is of commercial life.礼貌是社会生活固定的中介，就像硬币之于商业生活。

4.universalize（使普遍化）即universal+ize，universal（宇宙的；普遍的）←univers （e）+al，-ize动词后缀"使......化"。Envy is the most universal passion.忌妒是最普遍的情感。universe - merely a fleeting idea in God's mind - a pretty uncomfortable thought, Particularly if you're just made a down payment on a house 宇宙--不过是上帝头脑里一个稍纵即逝的想法--一种让人很不舒服的想法，特别是在你刚预付过房子的定

金之后。

5.impoverish ?（使贫穷；使枯竭）←im加强前缀+pover词根+ish动词后缀；同根词：poverty （贫穷）←pover+ty名词后缀。

6.prejudice（偏见v.n.损害）即pre+jud+ice，pre-前缀"在前"，jud词根"判断"（=judge），-ice后缀，"在弄清事实之前就做出判断"→偏见，而"偏见"是会招致"损害"的。Prejudice is the child of ignorance.偏见是无知的产物。

7.respect（v.n.尊敬）即re+spect，re-反复，spect词根"看"，反复看一个人是对其表示"尊敬"；with respect to 关于。All the great religions are fundamentally equal. We must have innate respect for other religions as we have for our own.一切伟大的宗教在根本上都是等同的。我们对于其它宗教，必须像对自己的宗教一样怀着天然的敬意。To respect a person is not possible without knowing him.不了解一个人却要尊敬他，那是不可能的。respect - to admire from a distance 尊敬--从远处赞赏。

8.sovereignty （主权；主权国家）即sover+（r）eign+ty，sover（=over）在上，reign 统治，-ty名词后缀，"在上面统治"；sovereign（统治的；统治者）←sover+（r）eign。

9.infrastructure基础设施）即infra+structure，infra-前缀"在下"，structure（v.n.构造）。以infra-为前缀的词：infrahuman（类人猿的；类人生物）←infra+human；infrared （红外线的；红外线）←infra+red。

10.telecom （电信）即telecommunication。

11.responsible（负责的；可靠的；责任重大的）即respons（e）+ible，response回应（见2001年Passage 1），-ible能......的，"能得到回应的"→负责的。An idea isn't responsible for the people who believe in it.一种思想对信仰它的人并不负有责任。To be a man is, precisely, to be responsible.确切地说，做男人就是负责任。

12.in the interest of 为了......的利益；

13.may well 很有可能；

14.lie down 屈从。

难句解析：

① A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide - the division of the world into the info（information） rich and the info poor.

本句的结构较简单，抓住attention is being paid to the digital divide就可以了，注意破折号后面的名词短语实际上是对digital divide一词的定义。

so-called所谓的，注意要学会利用如破折号、括号、逗号等标点符号来定位一个词的补充说明成分。

② As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access - after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are

注意主句是It is in the interest of business to do sth.，前面as引导的是伴随状语，而非原因状语，要理解为"随着"，而非"因为"。后面破折号的部分是进一步解释说明前面的主句。

注意几个词的含义：commercialized商业化；universalize access普及上网条件。

③ To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment.

本句的主干是some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices。前面的不定式可以被看成是一个目的状语。

tool指上文的internet；impoverished贫困的；get over克服，摒弃；with respect to 在某个方面。

④The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure,

which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you're going to be.

此处用了the more... the more...的句型。逗号之间的which today is an electronic infrastructure是Third Wave infrastructure的非限定性定语从句。

capital资金；Third Wave第三次浪潮，指后工业时代，即"信息时代"；infrastructure基础设施；better off的原形是well off家境好，富裕。

试题解析：

5.

Word 是学生和职场人士最常用的一款办公软件之一，99.99%的人知道它，但其实，这个软件背后，还有一大批隐藏技能你不知道。掌握他们，你将开启新世界的大门。

Tab+Enter,在编过号以后，会自动编号段落

Ctrl + D调出字体栏，配合Tab+Enter全键盘操作吧

Ctrl + L 左对齐，Ctrl + R 右对齐，Ctrl + E 居中

Ctrl + F查找，Ctrl + H 替换。然后关于替换，里面又大有学问！

有时候Word文档中有许多多余的空行需要删除，这个时候我们可以完全可以用“查找替换”来轻松解决。打开“编辑”菜单中的“替换”对话框，把光标定位在“查找内容”输入框中，单击“高级”按钮，选择“特殊字符”中的“段落标记”两次，在输入框中会显示“^P^P”，然后在“替换为”输入框中用上面的方法插入一个“段落标记”(一个“^P”)，再按下“全部替换”按钮。这样多余的空行就会被删除。

Ctrl + Z是撤销，那还原呢？就是Ctrl + Y，撤销上一步撤销！

比如我输入abc, 按一下F4, 就会自动再输入一遍abc

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