高考英语书面表达写作指导记叙文

高考英语书面表达写作

指导记叙文

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高考英语书面表达写作指导——记叙文

记叙文（或：叙述文Narration）包括人物介绍、故事、游记、报道、典故、日记等。看图作文也多属于这一类。

记叙文应特别注意：

1、六要素：人物、时间、地点、事件发生的原因、经过和结果。人物和事件是叙述的主体。记叙时要把这些要素交待清楚，使人了解事情的来龙去脉。

2、叙述方式：顺叙、倒叙、插叙等。顺叙，是英语写作最常用的叙述方式。

①顺叙：按事件发生、发展的顺序或时间顺序进行叙述。

②倒叙：把事情的结局或某个突出的片段提到前面叙述，然后再按照事情的顺

序叙述下去。

③插叙：在叙述过程中，由于某种需要，暂时把叙述的线索中断一下，插入有

关的另一叙述。

④夹叙夹议：一方面叙述事情，一方面对这件事情加以分析或评论。

一般叙述的线索可分为以下几种：

①以时间为线索，按时间的顺序来展开。

②以地点为线索，以地点的转移为顺序来展开。

③以事件发展的过程为线索，或以人物出现的先后次序来展开。

④以事物的象征意义为线索来展开。

⑤以人物的思想行为及认知的过程为线索来展开。

3、人称：基本上采用第一人称或第三人称作为叙述的主体。

用第一人称叙述主观色彩较浓，显得亲切，便于表达细腻的思想感情；

用第三人称叙述，便于超越时空限制，能比较真实地、客观地叙述一件事情的全过程。

人称要通篇一致，不要在行文中更换人称。

4、时态的一致：叙事时表过去的事件和行为，用一般过去时，兼用别的过去时态（过去完成时、过去进行时和过去进来时）。必要时也用现在时态。叙述经常性的事情时，以一般现在时为主。总之，下笔前一定要统观全局，确定好时态

基点。

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5、记叙文常包含三部分：

开头段：多是背景介绍，交待时间、地点、人物等（when，where, who）;

主体段：讲述故事的情节（what）,可由一段或几段构成;

结尾段：是对全文进行归纳、总结，得出结论或是故事的结局（result）。

以下是一些交代时间，地点，人物，人与人之间的关系开头的句型：

1、记事：

1）One night about nine o’clock , Dr George received a call from Dr. Jim…

2）It was after two o’clock in the morning when he….

3）This morning I went to a shop to…..

4）On March 23rd, at 10:15, a terrible accident happened on….

5）Last Spring Festival, my parents and I went….

6）School was over. Wang Min asked Feng Gang to go home together.

7）On my way to the park, I saw a group of young men….

2、记人：

1）Mrs Smith, aged 55, has worked for our school for 2year…

2）Wu Ping, who is a famous young writer, was born in …..

3) I have a little niece, who is called Xiao Ping. She has gone to…

4)James Quin is an English teacher, who teaches in China.

5)Liu Haiyang, a student from Chinese top university, badly hunt for….

6)Once there was a man who wanted to buy himself a pair of shoes.

7)Sun Shuwei is a boy of 14 from Guangdong…..

8)Our English teacher, Ms Yang , came to our school in 1980.

附:看图作文写作要点：

1、认真观察，仔细体会，看懂图片所表达的意思，理解其内涵和寓意。据此确定主题和安排细节。

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2、应注意一组图画的顺序及其内在的联系，并以此安排作文的内容，尤其注意逻辑顺序。

3、充分发挥分析和概括的能力，抓住图中的细节，联系实际、合理想象，但不能偏离图画表达的主旨和意图。

例1

：看图作文（2004辽宁）

下面4幅图片描述的是星期天上午在中山公园里发生的一件事。请根据图片

所提供的信息用英语为你校的“英语园地”写一篇短文。

注意：①短文须包括所有图片的主要内容。短文的内容要连贯、完整；

②短文单词数：100左右（已给句子中的单词不计入总词数）；

③参考词汇：货摊stand (n.) ; 抢夺 snatch (v.) ; 逮捕 arrest (v.)

写作步骤：

1.审题：理解图意，将几幅图连成一个完整的故事。

2.列出要点：

地点：公园的冰激凌货摊旁。

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人物：一名年轻妇女，一个小偷和一个老人。

事件：年轻妇女的包被抢，人们追赶，老人用伞将其绊倒，警察逮捕抢劫者，妇女和人们感谢老人。

3.将要点扩展成文，注意上下文的连接，用适当的连词，副词。

4. 通读一遍，改错。

参考范文Possible version：

One Sunday morning, there were some people in Zhongshan Park. At a stand, a woman was buying an ice cream when a young man behind her snatched her handbag away. She shouted, “Stop the thief! He’s snatched my bag!” Hearing this, a few people began to run after him. There was an old man sitting quietly on a bench nearby. As the snatcher was running past him, the old man quickly picked up his umbrella and put it between the snatcher’s legs. The young man fell down on the ground hard. Soon two policemen came in a police car and arrested him. The woman thanked the old man, and the people around praised the old man for his cleverness.

例2：【写作指导】

1．要审清写作要求。

2．此题只提供了一幅相关的图画信息。通过观察及写作

要求，我们可以确定：（1）体裁：夹叙夹议；（2）人

称：须用第三人称；（3）时态：可用一般现在时。

3．审清图画的主题和梗概：一个年轻人在工厂，嘴里正吸着烟，这时他看到工厂里的一个禁止吸烟的标志牌，而工厂本身也正向大气中排放滚滚浓烟。年轻人顿时觉得困惑不解……由此，作者发表评论：相关部门应当采取措施禁止工厂污染自然环境的行为！

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4．增加细节，连贯成文，做到层次分明，结构严谨，并准确选用相关词语、句型表达图画内容。

参考范文Possible version：

Smoke

This is a funny and instructive picture. In the picture, a young man is smoking happily in a factory when he sees a sign which means “No smoking” on the wall. But he finds that the factory is giving off large quantities of heavy smoke, which makes him feel very puzzled, “Why does the factory forbid people to smoke while the factory itself emits(发出) so much poisonous smo ke”

Nowadays, many factories know the danger of smoking to themselves and don’t allow people smoking in the factory. However, they don’t pay any attention to the danger that they cause to the whole society. And they let out lots of polluted smoke which does great harm to our environment.

In my opinion, we could live without most of the industrial products, but we could not survive without nature! Therefore, something must be done to prevent the pollution caused by all factories!

例3：《五年高考三年模拟》 p.351 2006年江西高考英语书面表达

书面表达练习

练习1 右边图画描述的是你的

一段亲身经历，请据此为一家中

学生英文报的故事专栏写一篇短

文。

注意：

1．短文必须包括图画所表

现的主要内容，可以适当增加细

节，使其连贯、完整；

2．叙述必须用第一人称；

3．词数100左右。

生词：违章者—offender

n．

十字路口—crossroads n．

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练习2

作为社区的志愿者，你与同

班的几名同学每隔一周的星期六

到学校附近的社会救济站，为暂

时无法回家的老人和儿童做一些

力所能及的事情。

请根据提示及左边图画内容为学校的英语报写一篇报道。

注意：1．词数不少于60；

2．参考词汇：

社会救济站 drop-in center

志愿者volunteer

练习3

请用英语写一篇100词左右的短文，简要描述漫画内容，并结合生活实际，就漫画主题发表感想，题目自拟。参考词汇：公民道德—civic virtue

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记叙文可以叙述故事，事件，活动，项目等，可以应用于看图写话，故事， 日记，报道，通知，书信等） 一、叙述故事或看图说话写作要领：（范文5.3 P348Writing 22/23） （一）开头：事情发生的时间、地点 1. One Sunday morning, we went to …. 2. 2. A few days ago, I was on my way to school. 3. Last week, my uncle had an unforgettable experience. …我叔叔有一次不愉快的经历。 （二）事情的发展（注意：文中出现很具体时间时应避免重复用同样的表达法，可用以下句型、词组） 1. I was about to … when …我正要…，突然，… Hardly had I done …when … No sooner had …done than …我刚…，就…；我一…，就… 2. Unfortunately, 3. To our surprise, 4. To tell the truth, we were frightened at that moment. 老实说我们当时吓坏了 5. since 自从 not … until … 直到…才… in the middle/ course of …在…的过程中 At the same time 同时，然而= in the mean time two hours later = after 2 hours in 2 hours 两小时后（与将来时连用）；两小时之内（与过去式连用） after that = later (on) = then 那以后；然后in a minute/ while 过了一会儿 in the end 结果最后（强调结果） finally 最后（强调顺序） at last 终于（强调费尽努力才做到） soon = before long 很快，过不多久 It lasted 2 hours before … It was/ will be + 一段时间 before … （三）结果或感想： 1. The old man thanked her again and again.

2.How he regretted what he had done!

3. I was very tired, but I was happy that I did a good deed.

二、介绍事件的常用句型

1. May 18(th), 2005(时间/地点) witnessed/ saw the Fifteenth National Book Fair in

Tianjin (天津第十五届全国书市/图书展销). （时间/地点）目睹/见证了某事的发生

2. The 15th National Book Fair was held successfully in Tianjin on May 18th, 2005. 事

件在…(时/地)成功举行

3. (As planned, )The 15th ……. took place in Tianjin on May 18, 2005, which

attracted about/ as many as 60 thousand people from all jobs throughout the country.

事件如期/按计划在…(时/地)举行

4. May 18th was a special day, when …

三、介绍活动的常用句型 (范文5.3 P343Writing 2/3)

1. There will be 活动(a party/ speech/ contest/ concert/ …) (to be held by 主办者) +

where + when 某活动将在某时某地由…举办

2. 活动(A party/ speech/ contest/ concert/…)will be held+where+when 某活动将在某时某地举/进行

3．In order to welcome foreign friends, 主办者will hold 活动(a party/ speech/ …)+ where + when 为了欢迎外国朋友，主办者将在某时某地举办某活动

范文：.请你根据提示用英语写一篇短文,介绍第十五届全国书市开幕当天的情况,并浅谈举办书市的意义。

注意：1.词数：80～120

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯

3．参考词汇：全国书市－National Book Fair 开幕式－opening ceremony

The 15th National Book Fair was declared open in Tianjin on May 18th, 2005.

On that day, more than 60,000 people, such as teachers, students and workers, came to the fair from all over the country. Various activities were organized, including the

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opening ceremony, lectures on popular science, and meetings at which writers and readers communicated face to face. People went around to look for their favorite books. Among the most popular were books about social sciences, children’s books and books about foreign language learning.

The book fair brings to the book lovers much convenience as it can provide such a great variety of books. It satisfies people’s need to increase their knowledge.

训练一：你的一天活动安排如下，请你据此写一篇短文。

训练二：来自你市的中学生小记者最近进行了一次采访活动。请根据下面表格中的内容为你校的

英语园地写一篇报道。

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注意：1、词数：100左右

2、参考词汇：经济开发区the Economic Development Zone；小记者teenage

reporter；

投资investment；数码digital；录音笔recording pen；

高考英语书面表达训练四（记叙文2）答案

训练一

About fifty American students came to visit our school today.

At 8 o'clock we gathered at the school gate to give them a warm welcome. About half an hour late, we had a get-together in the reading room in our library. Our headmaster told them something about our school. And then we talked with each other and exchanged gifts. The get-together lasted about an hour, after which they were showed around our school. They visited our classroom building, the lab building, the factory run by our school/ the school-run factory, and the swimming pool. A friendly basketball game started on the sports ground at ten thirty. At twelve o'clock all American students left our school.

In the afternoon my classmates and I went to some shops, where we chose and bought some books and tapes.

I was busy but happy today./ It was a busy but happy day today.

训练二

Forty teenage reporters from different middle schools in our city paid a visit to the Economic Development Zone and had an interview with Wang Qinghai, head of the Zone, on January 15th, 2007.

At the interview, the reporters asked Mr Wang about what achievements they made last year, how they were to attract more investment and how the zone would be developing over the next three years. Mr Wang gave them satisfactory answers.

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They used modern equipment, such as digital cameras and recording pens besides pens and note-books at the interview. They were deeply impressed by the first-class design of the zone, as well as beautiful trees and grass and modern buildings there.

训练二

下面是有关英语演讲比赛的信息，请根据此用英语写一篇100词左右的通知。

活动：演讲比赛(English-speaking contest) 目的：提高英语口语

组织者：学生会( Students Union) 参加范围：高中(senior)学生

报名时间：5月25日以前报名地点：学生会办公室

比赛时间：6月9日下午4:00 比赛地点：教学楼五楼礼堂(auditorium) 评奖：前五名优胜者获奖

We are going to have an English-speaking Contest for senior students so as to improve our oral/ spoken English. It will be held in the auditorium on the 5th floor in the teaching building at 4 p.m. June 9th. Those who want to take part in the contest are

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supposed to come to sign up at the office of the Students Union before May 25th. All the senior students are welcome to take part in the contest. The first five winners will be given prizes. Please try your best and get ready in time.

Wish you success!

St udents’ Union

训练三：假定你是李明，去年时期曾赴美国加州帕萨迪那市的一所中学进行短期参观访向，住在Peter家。今年寒假Peter要来北京，将住在你家。请根据下列信息给

注意：1．词数100左右；2．对紧扣主题的发挥不予扣分；3．开头与结尾已为你

写好。

(中国民乐交响乐团China National Traditional Orchestra）

To: Peter

From: Li Ming

Date: January 26th , 2007

Subject: Welcome to Beijing

Peter,

Glad to learn you’re coming to Beijing ,

China .______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________

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I believe we will have much fun together .WELL , SEE YOU SOON. BYE ! Li Ming

训练三

Peter,

Hi! Glad to learn you’re coming to Beijing in a couple of days. My family and I are looking forward to your visit and we are so glad you can stay with us while you are in Beijing. We have got everything ready for you so as to make you feel at home.

On the day you arrive, my father and I will meet you at the airport and in the evening we will have a nice dinner party at home, I’m sure you will like all the delicious Chinese food.

During the following days, I will show you around many places of interest in Beijing, including the Great Wall, which is regarded as one of the seven wonders of the world. We will spend some time touring around downtown Beijing, such as Wangfujing, Xidan and Qianmen, where you can do some shopping if you like. Of course, as it is the largest one in the world, Tian’anmen Square is a scenic spot we can’t miss. Another exciting moment we will share is going to the 2007 New Year Concert given by China National Traditional Orchestra during the Chinese Spring Festival

The Spring festival, is a special joyful occasion of celebration for Chinese as well as many other Asians. If you can stay in Beijing long enough, you will be able to share the pleasure of it with us.

Ming

四、项目介绍 (范文5.3 P344Writing 4 p344 writing 7)

（一）开头：介绍主题

1.I would like to tell you that our school has worked out a new plan. 我要告诉您我校以制定出新计划。

2.Let me tell you that some new buildings will be built in our school

3.I would like to report to you that…我想向您汇报/报告…

（二）正文：目的、进行情况

1. The purpose of this program are to…此次活动的目的在于/是…

2. in order to…, we will…

3. The program is intended to …此计划意在…

4. The new plan is aimed at improving the students’ ability to …新计划旨在提高学生…的能力

5. We have called in some experts on…/ Experts have been called in…我们已请来某方面的专家

6. We have built/ set up a computer lab A computer lab has been built/ set up

7. We are planning to…8. We will set up another…9. we are considering doing…

（三）结尾：征求意见

五、口头通知

（一）开头1. Ladies and gentlemen! May I have your attention, please

I have an announcement to make.

2. Boys and girls! Attention, please I have something important to tell you.

3. Good morning, everyone/ teachers and students! Would you please pay attention to me I would like to tell you

something important.

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（二）正文(1. 活动/时间/地点/主办者 2. 注意事项 3. 参加人员)

1. Everyone should take a notebook and pen so that you can write down the key points of the speech/ lecture.

2. Be sure/ Remember/ Don’t forget to wear strong shoes and take an umbrella in case it rains.

3. Those who are interested in it are welcome.

4. Those who want to take part, please sign up at the Students’ Union.

5. Please gather at the school gate before 2 p.m.

（三）结尾:

1.Don’t forget / Please remember: 2 tomorrow afternoon, at the school gate别忘了/记住：明天下午2点在

2. Keep in mind that the deadline for signing up is…. 记住，报名的截止时间为…校门

口

3. The bus is leaving at 2 o’clock sharp. Don’t be late./ Be sure to come on time.汽车2点整出发，请勿迟到

4. Thanks for listening. 谢谢聆听！

5. That’s all. Thank you. 就此，谢谢！

六、书面通知

（一）开头:(活动/时间/地点/主办者) （二）正文:（活动的其他内容、注意事项、参加人员）

（三）结尾1. Wish you success! 2. Good luck to you! 3. Have a good time/ Enjoy yourselves!

4.You are sure to learn a lot from it/ to have a lot of fun. 你一定会从中学到很多/ 玩得很

愉快

范文：.假设你们将于5月10日去体检。请根据下列内容和提示，写一篇口头通知（词数：80左右）。

体检地点：人民医院，离我们学校不远，步行大约15分钟的路程。

体检日期：5月10日上午8：00，星期六。

注意事项：（1）7：45在医院门口集合，可以骑车或步行前往；

（2）体检前空腹；（3）在医院保持安静，听从医生和护士的安排。

Attention please, everyone.

Our class are going to People's Hospital for a physical examination on Saturday,10th May. / We are to have a medical examination at People’s Hospital this Saturaday, that is, May 10th.. We may either walk there or go there by bicycle, for it is not far from our school, only about ifteen minutes' walk. We'll meet/ gather at the hospital gate at 7:45.

The examination is to begin at 8:00. Be sure not to eat or drink anything/ We are not allowed to eat or drink anything before the examination. We are asked/ required to keep quiet there and listen to the doctors and nurses. After the examination we may go home. That’s all. Thank you

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七、日记 (范文5.3 P366Writing 5 )

1．格式：左上角写当天的日期，星期；右上角写天气。下一行可以写上小标题，也可以不写标题。

2．时态：多为过去时，也应灵活掌握：如记叙天气、描写景色，或为了描写生动，议论某事、对话引语等，也可使用现在时。3．顺序一般按事情发生的先后顺序。

记叙文练习参考答案

练习 1

The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. My brother was riding with me sitting on the seat behind.

As we came to the crossroads a young man and a girl came up and stopped us. “We've found you at long last,” they said. But we didn't know them. Pointing to a policeman not far away, the young man explained, “He stopped us about half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender. So come on, stand here. Hope you don't have to wait as long as we did. Good luck.”

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练习2

As volunteers in the neighborhood ,my classmates and I visit nearby drop-in centre every other Saturday afternoon .We usually get there at 2:00 pm and leave two hours later.

At the drop-in center we visit those who have to stay there for some reason .Some of us chat with the old or read newspapers for them to help relief their loneliness. Some play games with the children to make them happy and forget their troubles. A few of us help to do some cleaning and collect waste there to make everything tidy.

During our stay there ,each of us does his best to let them know they are taken good care of by society, and we hope they will return home happily as soon as possible. 练习2

Pay more attention to civic virtue

In the picture, a man was throwing some rubbish onto the ground, and another man was spitting here and there. When a child saw all the behavior, he just couldn’t help asking a question: who has lost civic virtue

Obviously, what the men did is against civic virtue. Sadly, similar things often happen in our daily life. Many people don’t pay attentio n to civic virtue at all. They are throwing rubbish and spitting anywhere they like; they are making noises without caring about others... If we allow these things to go on like this, what would our world be like As a civilized citizen, we should do all we can to get rid of such bad habits. We should do everything according to civic virtue. Only in this way can we build a more harmonious and more beautiful society.

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初中记叙文写作技巧指导3篇

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