高考英语完形填空考点词性讲解和选练题附解析

高考英语完形填空考点：词性讲解和选练题附解析

完形填空----判断词性、词义和词形(一)

该资源讲解：冠词、代词、形容词和副词。

语篇填空既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，就应先快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，然后分析句子结构确定填哪类词。

一、冠词

1. 主要考查的知识点：

定冠词的基本用法、抽象名词具体化和固定搭配等。

2. 复习重点：

(1)定冠词的用法(基本用法必须熟记。下面几句顺口溜可以帮助记忆：特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级；普转专有名，习语及乐器。

（一）冠词

（二）不定冠词的基本用法。

几种特殊用法：

①专有名词前用不定冠词，表示“像……的一个人或物”，a Napoleon;

②姓名前用不定冠词，表示“某个叫……的人”，多指不认识的人，a Miss Smith;

③用于某些物质名词前，表示“一种、一份、一阵”等，a tea and a coffee;

④用于某些抽象名词前，使抽象概念具体化。这种用法的名词有：

surprise/knowledge/success/failure/pleasure/interest/joy等等。

（三）冠词的判断：根据冠词修饰名词这一特点，如果空格位于名词前(或名词前还有个形容词)时，该空格可能是填冠词。

例1：Of all the subjects, I like history the best because it gives us ______ useful knowledge of things in the past.

例2：Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up ______ weakening of the human body.

二、代词

1.主要考查的知识点：

不定代词和替代词的用法，it的用法和人称代词的格。

2．复习重点：

①指代必须准确无误。

②在使用人称代词、反身代词、物主代词这3类代词时，要注意它们在句中的人称、单复数及性别与所有格的一致性。

③疑问代词的用法。

3. 代词的判断：

①空格所在的句子缺主语或宾语时，需考虑填代词或名词(多考代词)。缺主语，用主格；缺宾语，用宾格；人称代词、不定代词、反身代词、指示代词等主要通过上下文来判断其语义和根据语法规则来判断其词形。

②名词在句子中作主语、宾语或表语且名词前面没有限定词，该名词前的空格可能是填some, any，other，another或与前面名词或人称代词对应的物主代词等限定词。

例1：On my desk is a photo that my father took of ______ when I was a baby.

例2：Everyone round her was writing pages and pages. However hard she thought, she couldn't find ______ to write about.

例3：A young tired-looking woman with a baby in her arms asked to be allowed to visit her

husband in prison. A short time later, when her husband with chains on his feet took a seat beside her, her tired face lit up. I watched them laugh, cry, and share ______ child.

例4：—Which of the three ways shall I take to the village?

— ______ way as you please.

三、形容词和副词

1. 主要考查的知识点：

形容词作定语；形容词和副词的比较级、最高级等。

2. 重点复习：

①形容词和副词的基本用法及相关语法规则。

②比较级的程度修饰语(much，very much，far，even，still，rather，any等)。

③表示起承转合的副词。此功能与关联词相似，只是这种副词在用法上更加灵活多变。典型的有though, however, also, therefore, still, besides, or，otherwise, first, second, then, finally等等。

3. 形容词/副词的判断：

①根据形容词与连系动词连用及修饰名词的特点，如果空格前的动词是连系动词或空格在名词前(尤其是“冠词＋______ ＋名词”结构)时，该空可考虑填形容词；如果空格所填的词是修饰行为动词、形容词、副词、过去分词及整个句子(此时抽去空格，句意基本完整)，则考虑用副词。

②两个事物进行比较应用比较级，三个或三个以上事物进行比较应用最高级。

例1：Soon it would be the holidays. But before that, there were the end of year exams. All the students had been working ______ for some time.

例2：A recent study found that dogs often yawned after watching people do it. In the study, a human researcher yawned in front of 29 dogs. More than 70 percent of the dogs yawned back. That finding shocked the researcher. The percentage is much ______ than humans' yawn response

rate. Humans tend to “catch” 45% to 60% of yawns.

第1篇

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was _1___to see that it was an English dictionary, also known as a monolingual dictionary._2__it was a dictionary intended for non—native learners, none of my classmates had one __3__, to be honest, I found it extremely __4_ to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and _5__ not fully understand the meaning. I was used to the __6__ bilingual dictionaries, in which the words are _7__ both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt __8_ to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I _9_ that monolingual dictionaries are __10_ in learning a foreign language As I found out, there is __11 often no perfect equivalence(对应)between two _12___ in two language. My aunt even goes so far as to 13__ that a Chinese "equivalent" can never give you the __14__ meaning of a word in English!

___15 , she insisted that I read the definition(定义) of a world in a monolingual dictionary __16___ I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. ____17__, I have come to see what she meant. Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n) ___18___ number of words, around 2, 000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am ___19__ exposed to(接触)the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. 20 this, I can express myself more easily in English.

( ) 1. A. worried B. sad C. surprised D. nervous

( ) 2. A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. If

( ) 3. A. but B. so C. or D. and

( ) 4. A. difficult B. interesting C. ambiguous D. practical

( ) 5. A. thus B. even C. still D. again

( ) 6. A. new B. familiar C. earlier D. ordinary

( ) 7. A. explained B. expressed C. described D. created

( ) 8. A. offered B. agreed C. decided D. happened

( ) 9. A. imagine B. recommend C. predict D. understand

( ) 10. A. natural B. better C. easier D. convenient

( ) 11. A. at best B. in fact C. at times D. in case

( ) 12. A. words B. names C. ideas D. characters

( ) 13. A. hope B. declare C. doubt D. tell

( ) 14. A. exact B. basic C. translated D. expected

( ) 15. A. Rather B. However C. Therefore D. Instead

( ) 16. A. when B. before C. until D. while

( ) 17. A. Largely B. Generally C. Gradually D. Probably

( ) 18. A. extra B. average C. total D. limited

( ) 19. A. repeatedly B. nearly C. immediately D. anxiously

( ) 20. A. According to B. In relation to C. In addition to D. Because of

1.C . 通读全文可知,作者是一个中国大学生,中国人学英语,尤其是初学者习惯使用英汉词典.当作者看到英英词典的时候,他感到"吃惊".

2.B.前后两句在意义上是让步关系,所以用although 引导让步状语从句.而A 项because 引导原因状语从句;Unless 和if'引导条件状语从句.

3.A.此空格处是一个并列连词,连接前后两句.而前后两句之间存在的是转折关系,所以用but.

4. A.最初用英英词典,不习惯,所以作者感觉用起来"很难difficult".interesting 是"有趣味的意思",根据下文not fully understand the meaning 不可能是这个答案;ambiguous 是"不明确的";practical 是"实用的",这两个词也不符合语境.

5.C.句子中有否定词not,有副词fully,所以用still,表示"仍然不能够完全"的意思.

6.B.be used to 表示"习惯……,对作者来说习惯了双语词典,或者说是英汉词典.这里指双语词典的使用对他来说是熟悉.

7.A.此句是一个in which 引导的定语从句,其中words 是主语,根据常识在词典中单词的意

思是被"解释出来"的,所以用explained.

8.C.我真想知道我姑妈为什么决定这么为难我.其他三个词虽然都跟动词不定式,但是在这里意思都不恰当.

9.D.过去不理解,经过一段时间后,"明白了understand";imagine 是"想象"的意思; recommend 是"推荐"的意思;predict 是"预测"的意思.

10.B.此句中monolingual dictionaries 和bilingual dictionaries 比较,A 和D 项没用比较级, better 强调更好,更实用,而easier 则不可能.

11.B.常见的情况是实际上两种语言之间的两个词没有完全的对应.in fact 表示"实际上, 事实上".at best 是"至多;充其量";at times 是"有时";in case 是"万一,以防", 显然A,C,D 项不合语境.

12.A.词典上重点的内容应该是单词.

13.B.我姑妈甚至还声称汉语意思决不能给出一个英语单词的确切意思.

14.A.前面的a Chinese equivalent 和the meaning of a word in English 对应,所表明还是对应不准确的问题,所以用exact.

15. C.此空后面的句子和前面表示的是一种"因果"关系,所以用therefore.

16. A.表示"当……时候",用when 引导时间状语从句.而before 通常指"在……之前"; until 指"直到……时候";while 指"在……的同时".

17. C.该句的谓语have come to see 是表示"变化过程",所以用gradually 表示"渐渐地".

18. D.从后面的around 2,000 可知词典中用于解释词义的词是限制在2,000 左右.

19. A.在有限的范围内,查阅阅读释义的话,就会反复接触基本词汇,学会这些词汇怎样用来解释事物和观点,所以用repeatedly 表示"反复地,经常地"

20. D.后面主句部分I can express myself more easily in English.表达的是结果,此处表达的应该

是原因,说明使用这种词典所带来的好处.

第2篇

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。When I was a little boy, I would play outside for hours on sunny summer days and then have a deep and peaceful sleep at night. Sometimes, I’d have some vivid dreams, making me__1__for a moment.

I would stare out into the darkness to see if anything was there and then__2__over and go back to sleep. I can still remember a few times when I woke up，__3__out into the darkness, and

actually__4__someone there. It was Mom __5__ over me as I slept. Each time she__6__told me to go back to sleep and I closed my eyes again, feeling__7__ and loved.

I__8__asked Mom why she watched me sleep from time to time but__9__seeing my own children __10__so fast, I think I know why she wanted to catch a moment in time and __11__ it in her heart forever. I just__12__ that she carried a lot of those moments with her into Heaven when she__13__at only 55.

Last night I was sleeping lightly __14__ I suddenly felt someone near me. I opened my eyes and saw Mom’s __15__ standing in the room, smiling at me. And then she was gone.

Now __16__may say that this was just a dream，a wish or part of an old__17__. To me, though, it was__18__ that Mom’s loving spirit was still watching over me. To me it was evidence enough to know that one day I would be__19__with her and everyone I have ever loved.

Trust in their love. Know that your own life can be full of __20__，too. Then joyfully go out and live it with a brave heart and a smiling soul.

1. A．excited B．afraid

C．worried D．awake

2. A．take B．roll

C．look D．climb

C．looked D．found 4. A．met B．saw C．expected D．dreamed 5. A．watching B．treating C．helping D．sitting 6. A．angrily B．gladly C．silently D．gently 7. A．quiet B．nervous C．safe D．anxious 8. A．never B．often C．sometimes D．seldom 9. A．before B．after C．since D．for

10. A．bring up B．raise up C．lift up D．grow up 11. A．hold B．remove C．find D．cover 12. A．decide B．hope C．wonder D．remember 13. A．ran away B．put away

C．passed away D．took away

C．after D．before

15. A．body B．figure

C．shape D．shadow

16. A．all B．none

C．some D．any

17. A．dream B．wish

C．story D．memory

18. A．proof B．time

C．chance D．belief

19. A．reunited B．buried

C．connected D．joined

20. A．hope B．joy

C．love D．surprise

[解题导语]作者通过叙述自己的故事，深深地了解了母爱，从中他感悟到爱是生活中最美好的事物。

1．解析：选D。有时“我”会做一些生动的梦，让“我”片刻间处在醒着的(awake)状态。2．解析：选B。根据2空后面的go back to sleep可知，“我”又翻身睡着了。roll over的意思是“翻身”，符合语境。

3．解析：选C。“我”仍然记得有几次，当“我”醒来时，“我”看(looked)着外边漆黑的夜晚。4．解析：选B。根据下文可知，实际上“我”看到(saw)了某个人在那里。

5．解析：选A。那是“我”母亲在“我”睡觉时照看(watching over)“我”。18空后面的watching over me也是暗示。

6．解析：选D。每次母亲都会温柔地(gently)告诉“我”，让“我”回去继续睡觉。

7．解析：选C。此时“我” 感到了安全与爱的存在，所以选safe。

8．解析：选A。“我”从来没有(never)问过母亲为什么要这样做。

9．解析：选B。但是当“我”看着“我”的孩子快速长大后(after)，“我”想“我”知道了原因。10．解析：选D。这里表示孩子的成长，用grow up。

11．解析：选A。根据上下文内容可知，此处表示母亲想永远把它记在(hold)心中。hold意为“持有，保留，保存”。

12．解析：选B。此处表示我的一种希望，所以用hope。

13．解析：选C。根据下文可知，“我”的母亲已经去世(passed away)了。

14．解析：选A。根据14空后面的I suddenly felt someone near me可知，这是一个时间状语从句，表示“就在那时”，应用when。

15．解析：选B。这里表示“我”看到母亲站在房间里，朝着“我”微笑。figure表示“(远处人的)轮廓；(隐约可见的)人影”。

16．解析：选C。一些人(some)也许会说那只是一个梦。

17．解析：选D。或者是“我”对母亲的记忆(memory)的一部分。

18．解析：选A。对“我”来说，它是母亲充满爱意的灵魂仍然在照看着“我”的证明(proof)。其后的evidence是线索提示。

19．解析：选A。“我”知道也许有一天“我”会和“我”的母亲重聚(reunited)。

20．解析：选C。相信爱，同时也要知道你的生活中充满着爱(love)。

第3篇

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Every Saturday night my family and I go out and feed the homeless people in the city of Orlando.

We wanted to see__1__ it was like in the life of a homeless person. One special thing I like

to__2__ is that my family and I do not eat before we begin our journey so we know how，it feels to

be__3__. We all get together in the__4__ and prepare the food .Some of the meals are sandwiches and cookies and a bottle of water. Sometimes my mom __5__ a steaming hot delicious meal. We then__6__ them all up to feed 30 or more people.

Before my family and I get into the car we ask God for protection in a family__7__.A lot of people__8__homeless people .Not all homeless people are drug addicts or bad people. Some are really nice；some of them just had __9__ things happening to them.

__10__when my family and I went out on the street we had to earn their __11__，because a lot of people are __12__to them for no good reason. But __13__they see us every week they __14__us. We even know some of their names. We all have to remember that these are people with __15__. Some of them shake our hands for giving them food.Some of them do really funny dances because they are happy.

We have become really close__16__ the man named Tony and his wife. They have all of their personal __17__in shopping carts. After we __18__them several times he has told us a lot about his life. He graduated from Howard University. He __19__teach French and Spanish.

After we finished feeding the homeless, it makes me __20__what I have at home. I love feeding the homeless, and making a difference in someone’s life.

1.A.what B．how

C．whether D．why

2．A.talk B．imagine

C．mention D．remind

3．A.thirsty B．hungry

C．homeless D．helpful

4．A.hall B．yard

C．kitchen D．street

5．A.buys B．takes

C．brings D．prepares

C．press D．add

7．A.prayer B．ceremony C．party D．adventure 8．A.disappoint B．misunderstand C．ignore D．dislike 9．A.terrible B．normal C．personal D．common 10．A.at last B．at least C．at first D．at once 11．A.trust B．thanks C．admiration D．love 12．A.generous B．cruel C．unfriendly D．merciful 13．A.in case B．now that C．for fear D．provided that 14．A.care for B．believe in C．agree with D．worry about 15．A.sympathy B．courage C．feelings D．determination 16．A.to B．by

C．of D．with

C．groceries D．goods

18．A.departed B．saved

C．helped D．greeted

19．A.would B．used to

C．was to D．ought to

20．A.remember B．realize

C．recognize D．appreciate

[解题导语] 在奥兰多市，作者每个星期六晚上都和家人到大街上去照顾无家可归的人。通过照顾那些无家可归的人，使得作者更懂得欣赏自己所拥有的生活。

1．解析：选A。考查连词辨析。我们想看看无家可归的人的生活是怎样的。在be like/seem like/look like句式中，用what提问，表示“是/似乎/看起来怎样”。

2．解析：选C。考查动词辨析。我想提的一个特殊的事是……。mention用作及物动词，表示“说起，提到”。talk是不及物动词；remind的宾语是人；imagine表示“想象”，和句意不符。3．解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。为了体验饥饿的感觉，我和家人在动身之前不吃东西。4．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。我们聚在厨房准备食物。因为准备食物，所以厨房是最合适的地方。

5．解析：选D。考查动词辨析。有时，妈妈会准备一顿热腾腾的饭。由上文的prepare the food，可以推测出母亲准备饭。

6．解析：选B。考查动词辨析。然后，我们包起够30人以上吃的食品。pack用作动词，表示“把……装入袋中，整理，把……打包”，pack up整理；把……打包；make up弥补，组成，化妆，整理；press up用力使升高；add up加起来。

7．解析：选A。考查名词辨析。我和家人上车之前，我们祷告得到上帝保护。prayer表示“祷告，祷文”，作者向上帝祷告，想祈求上帝的保护。

8．解析：选B。考查动词辨析。很多人不理解那些无家可归的人。下文的Not all homeless people are drug addicts or bad people暗示着人们往往不能正确地理解这些无家可归的人。misunderstand 误解，误会。

9．解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。他们当中有些人刚刚发生了不幸的事。该空与上文的Some are really nice形成了并列关系，是没有范围的列举。

10．解析：选C。考查介词短语辨析。起初，当我的家人和我去街上，想法赢得他们的信任。下文的But __13__ they see us every week they __14__ us说明了刚刚开始时，那些无家可归的人对作者不很信任。

11．解析：选A。考查名词辨析。下文的But __13__ they see us every week they__14__ us.说明了答案。

12．解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。因为很多人无缘无故地对他们不友好。because用于解释上文的we had to earn their trust的原因。

13．解析：选B。考查连词辨析。然而既然他们每个星期都看到我们，所以他们现在信任我们了。now that用作连词，表示“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句。in case ＝for fear (that) ＝provided that表示“如果，万一，假如”，引导条件状语从句。

14. 解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。由上文的we had to earn their__11__，可以知道，作者和家人经过努力，赢得了他们的信任。believe in sb.＝trust sb.表示“相信，信任某人”。15．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。我们一定要记住，这些无家可归的人是有感情的。下文的shake our hands, do really funny dances等行为，则表明这些人用握手、跳舞等方式表达自己的感情，所以说这些人也是有感情的。

16．解析：选A。考查介词辨析。我们与一个名为托尼的人和他的妻子走得很近。become/be close to sb.是固定短语，意为“与某人关系密切”。

17．解析：选A。考查名词辨析。在购物车上他们装着所有的财物。因为他们是无家可归的人，所以他们的财产都放在车上。belongings意为“财产，所有物”；groceries食品杂货；goods 货物，商品。

18．解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。帮助过他们几次之后，他给我们讲了很多他的生活。

选项C符合题意。

19．解析：选B。考查情态动词辨析。他过去曾经教过法语和西班牙语。因为他现在无家可归，所以可知他现在不教法语、西班牙语。used to表示“过去常常做某事，但现在不”。20．解析：选D。考查动词辨析。帮助这些无家可归的人，使我更感激自己所拥有的东西。appreciate表示“欣赏；感激，感谢”；realize实现，意识；recognize认出。

第4篇

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Cure for Sorrow

There is an old story telling about a woman whose only son died in an accident. In her__1__，she went to the wise man that is always__2__for his wisdom in her town and said, “What advice or

what__3__ways do you have to bring my son back to life? I will__4__you with all I have if you can.”

Instead of sending her away or__5__with her, he said to her, “Fetch me a mustard(芥末) seed from a home that has never__6__sorrow. We will use it to drive the sorrow out of your life.” The woman went off at once in__7__of that magical mustard seed.

She came first to a splendid apartment，__8__at the door, and said in a__9__voice, “I am looking for a home that has never known sorrow. Is this such a(n)__10__that I want? It is very important to me.”__11__，she didn’t ge t what she wanted, even without a single word of__12__. They told her that she had come to the wrong place. And they began to__13__all the tragic things that recently had happened to them.

The woman said to herself, “Who is better able to help these poor，__14__people than I, though I also have had misfortune of my own？” She__15__to comfort them till they__16__. Then she went on searching for a home that had never known sorrow. But__17__she turned up, in small cottages or in other places, she found one__18__after another of sadness and misfortune. She became

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