北外1603-远程教育--大学英语1--参考答案

第一单元

Conversations 1

What would the man see from his room?

A. The gardens and the hills

B. The gardens, the hills and the sea

C. The sea only

D. The garden and the sea

Conversations 2

How can the man get to the Tourist Information Office?

A. Go straight down the road, turn right and past the hotel.

B. Go straight down the road, turn left and past the hotel.

C. Go straight down the road, turn right and past the corner shop.

D. Go straight down the road, turn left and past the corner shop. Conversations 3

What kind of programmes is Lollipops

A. A news program

B. A drama program

C. A discussion program

D. A musical program

What will be on at 8:20

A. Round the World

B. Listeners’ Letters

C. Three’s Company

D. Back to Square One

How often is the discussion program broadcast

A. Twice a week

B. Every evening

C. Once a week

D. Twice a day

What is the last broadcast

A. News

B. Weather

C. Music

D. Poetry

What kind of programme is Back to Square One

A. A news program

B. A drama program

C. A discussion program

D. A musical program

Conversations 4

What does the women wan to do

A. To have her car fixed at the next garage.

B. To get petrol for her car.

C. To have a drink in the café.

D. To use the restroom in the café

Conversations 5

What has the women ordered for her friend

A. Chicken soup

B. Fish

C. Fish and chicken soup

D. Beef soup

Conversations 6

What does the man want

A. Tea

B. Coffee

C. Nothing

D. A glass of milk

Fill Blank 1

As you _approach_(1) the Tower of London, the first thing you see is a beautiful bridge,with two towers. Many foreign visitors think this is the _Tower of London_(2), others think it is London Bridge– the same London Bridge that, according to the old song “_is falling down_”(3). In fact, it is Tower Bridge, which _was completed_(4) in the year 1894. The two towers of Tower Bridge _contain_(5) the machinery that raises the bridge up on each side to allow ships to pass through.

Fill Blank 2

As you approach the Tower of London, the first thing you see is a _a beautiful bridge_(1), with two towers. Many foreign visitors think this is the Tower of London, others think it is _London Bridge_(2) – the same London Bridge that, according to the old song “is falling down”. In fact, it is_Tower Bridge_(3), which was completed in the year __1894_(4). The two towers of Tower Bridge contain the machinery that raises the bridge up _on each side_(5) to allow ships to pass through.

第二单元

Conversations 1

What is Jack looking for

A. A shopping center and a grocery store

B. A shopping center and a barber shop

C. A grocery store and a clinic

D. A grocery store and a barber shop

Conversations 2

What is the most likely relationship between these two speakers

A. Two friends.

B. Two classmates.

C. A customer and a salesclerk.

D. A student and a school counselor.

Conversations 3

Where is Laura’s family from originally

A. The United States

B. China.

C. Not mentioned.

D. England.

Conversations 4

The man is originally from ___________.

A. Chicago.

B. Los Angeles.

C. Denver.

D. Japan.

The woman is originally from __________.

A. Chicago.

B. Los Angeles.

C. Denver.

D. Japan.

_ _______ can speak Japanese well.

A. The man

B. The woman

C. The man’s sister

D. The woman’s sister

The man is a __________.

A. dentist

B. college professor

C. English teacher

D. Japanese teacher

The woman is a _______.

A. dentist

B. college professor

C. English teacher

D. Japanese teacher

Conversations 5

This short passage talks about how to study at college.

A. True

B. False

You can ask your roommates to stop what they are doing if you don’t like it.

A. True

B. False

Compromising is the key to get along with your roommates.

A. True

B. False

Roommates are not always your best friends.

A. True

B. False

As a roommate yourself, you don’t have to respect your roommates.

A. True

B. False

Conversations 6

What question does Mike ask

A. He asks Kate to repeat her last name.

B. He asks Kate to repeat her first name.

C. He doesn’t ask any questions.

D. He asks Kate about the school she’s going to.

Conversations 7

Who’s new here

A. Roger Bell.

B. Jack Walden.

C. Ms. Wilson.

D. Mr. Frankel.

Fill Blank 1

Counseling is a (1)__process_ in which the counselor listens with complete concentration to students, in a non-judgmental, warm way. And because the counselor is a (2)__stranger_, he can, by the questions asked or the reflections made, (3)_enable_ students to see things in a (4)_different_ way, and to (5)_support_ them in making appropriate changes

第三单元

Conversations 1

Where does this conversation most likely take place

A. In a restaurant.

B. In a hotel.

C. In the office.

D. At home.

Conversations 2

What suggestion does the restaurant give

A. The restaurant suggests he reserve a large table.

B. The restaurant suggests he reserve a private room.

C. The restaurant suggests he call another restaurant.

D. The restaurant suggests he invite fewer people.

Conversations 3

What position is the speaker applying for

A. A bus driver.

B. A sales clerk.

C. A dance instructor.

D. A delivery person.

Conversations 4

When did the speaker start using the Internet

A. In 1997.

B. In 1998.

C. In 1999.

D. In 2000.

Conversations 5

She was born ____________.

A. On a boat in America.

B. On a boat in Hungary.

C. In the hospital in America.

D. In the hospital in Hungary.

Her father was a _______________.

A. Famous musician

B. History professor of the university

C. Pianist

D. Fisherman

Her mother was a ______________.

A. Famous dancer.

B. Famous pianist

C. History professor of the university

D. Doctor

She was born on _______________.

A. February 21st .

B. April 21st.

C. May 20th

D. July 2nd

She went to _______ after Budapest.

A. America

B. Hungary

C. France

D. Germany

Conversations 6

He starts work at 9.30.

A. True

B. False

Most of the work happens outside of opening hours.

A. True

B. False

He doesn't like meeting people.

A. True

B. False

He once had to deal with a robber.

A. True

B. False

He feels important handling a lot of money.

A. True

B. False

Conversations 7

How does the customer want her eggs

A. Scrambled.

B. Sunny side-up.

C. Over-easy.

D. Over-hard.

Fill Blank 1

In Western countries, waiters, waitresses, taxi drivers, hotel bellboys, barbers and hairdressers, and some other service people must be (1)_tipped_. Normally they get low salaries from their employers. Therefore, you, the customers, are expected to (2)_make_ up the difference. Otherwise, they cannot make a living. Tipping rules that is, who to pay, how much to pay) (3)__vary_

from place to place. For instance, tipping in a proper restaurant is generally 10% -15% of your bill while you don’t have to tip at all in a (4)_fast-food_ restaurant. Therefore, when you eat in a restaurant in the West, always look at the bill (“check” in American English) carefully. In some restaurants, a service (5)_charge_ is included in the bill, so there is no need for a tip.

第四单元

Conversations 1

Christmas was the day when __________.

A. Jesus died

B. Jesus was born

C. Not mentioned

D. Jesus became adult

In modern times traditional Christmas festivities have become _______.

A. much more related to the Christ story

B. much more related to politics.

C. much less related to the Christ story

D. much less related to politics

There are about _________ Christians in the world.

A. 1.8 billion

B. 5.5 billion

C. 1.8 million

D. 5.5 million

Gift-giving has only become popular in _______ as figures such as Santa Claus have come to be more important.

A. the last 200 years

B. the last 50 years

C. the last 100 years

D. the last decade

The tradition of Christmas tree began in __________.

A. the United States

B. Germany

C. Canada

D. England

Conversations 2

The man wants to join the library.

A. True

B. False

He has to pay 5-pound deposit to join the library.

A. True

B. False

He can borrow newspapers as well as books and magazines.

A. True

B. False

There is a fine for overdue books.

A. True

B. False

He needs to show his ID when handing in the form.

A. True

B. False

Conversations 3

Where is yogurt

A. It’s in the Dairy Section, Aisle

B.

B. It’s in the Dairy Section, Aisle D.

C. It’s in the Frozen Food Section, Aisle B.

D. It’s in the Frozen Food Section, Aisle D. Conversations 4

Where are washing machines.

A. On the first floor.

B. On the second floor

C. In the basement.

D. On the top floor

Conversations 5

What does the first speaker want to borrow

A. The computer

B. The calculator

C. The typewriter

D. The phone

Conversations 6

What does the first speaker borrow for his party

A. A small table and a few plates.

B. Two chairs and two bowls

C. A few forks, bowls and plates

D. A few plates, bowls and chairs

Conversations 7

What does Frank suggest the speaker do

A. She should ask Dick.

B. She should wait for a while.

C. She should go to the Computer Center.

D. She should buy a computer himself.

Fill Blank 1

Many people today are greatly (1)_concerned_ by the increase in the world’s population, and China has taken the (2) _lead_ in trying to solve the problem. How fast is the population of the world (3)__growing_? At the moment, the population of the world is (4)_increasing_ by about a quarter of a million people each day. That means that about 94 million (5)_extra_ people live on the earth each year.

第五单元

Conversations 1

Who’s Mr. Green

A. He’s from New York.

B. He’s the sales manager.

C. Not mentioned.

D. He’s Paul Johnson’s friend.

Conversations 2

Who’s Bob Smith

A. He’s Kate’s classmate.

B. He’s Frank’s classmate.

C. Not mentioned.

D. He’s a stranger

Conversations 3

Who’s Tom meeting

A. Jack’s friends.

B. Jack’s mother and sister.

C. Jack’s classmates.

D. Jack’s father and brother.

Conversations 4

What is the most likely relationship between these two speakers

A. Two friends.

B. Husband and wife.

C. A customer and a realtor

D. Two customers.

Conversations 5

What does the first speaker need

A. Some eggs.

B. A small bag of sugar.

C. A few oranges.

D. Sugar and eggs.

Conversations 6

Natalie is looking for _________ in the library.

A. a classmate

B. a book called On Reserve

C. a book called How to Become a Good Writer.

D. a novel to read in her free time

Natalie is required to read __________.

B. 10 chapters of the book

C. 1 chapter

D. Not mentioned

She can’t find it on the shelves because __________.

A. It has been removed from the library by another student.

B. She was careless and didn’t see the book.

C. The book has been put on reserve.

D. There is no such a book in the library.

A book is on reserve means __________.

A. The book is not allowed to be removed from the library.

B. The student can only read it in the library.

C. The book is placed in a special room called the reserve room.

D. All of the above

_ ______ put the book on reserve

A. The professor

B. The librarian

C. One of her classmates

D. Not mentioned

Conversations 7

He doesn’t like reading.

A. True

B. False

White Fang is one of his favorite books because he loves animals.

A. True

B. False

White Fang tells a story about a boy called White Fang.

A. True

B. False

He is always too moved to hold his tears when he reads this story.

A. True

B. False

It was written by Jack London.

A. True

B. False

Fill Blank 1

Research workers have long _wondered_(1) whether it is possible to foretell the future. In the sixteenth century, the writer Nostradamus __published_(2) ten volumes of four-line poems, making all kinds of predictions about what was going to __happen_(3) in the future. For example, he predicted that the King of France, Henry the Third, would be __killed_(4) from a wound in his eye during a fight. Four years later, the king died, exactly as Nostradamus foretold. However, many of Nostradamus’s other predictions __proved_(5) to be highly inaccurate.

第六单元

How far is the Hong Kong Bank

A. It’s about half-an-hour driving.

B. It’s about one-hour walk.

C. It’s about a-few-minute walk.

D. It’s about 40-minute trip by bus.

Conversations 2

What is the man looking for

A. A department store

B. A public rest room

C. A restaurant

D. A grocery store

Conversations 3

Where is the Theatre

A. On the 50th Street

B. Across from the clinic

C. Right behind the speaker

D. Not mentioned.

Conversations 4

What place is not mentioned in the conversation

A. Center Street

B. City Hall

C. Second Avenue

D. Bar Street

Conversations 5

Where is the museum

A. On Queen Mary Avenue.

B. On this street.

C. Turn right at the traffic lights.

D. Both of them don’t know.

Conversations 6

Larry is lost on his way to Bob’s house.

A. True

B. False

Larry is calling Bob to tell him he can’t be there today.

A. True

B. False

Larry was supposed to get off at Exit 4.

A. True

B. False

Bob’s house is at the end of the block on the right.

A. True

B. False

It will take Larry another hour to get to Bob’s house.

A. True

B. False

Conversations 7

Athens and Rome have ________ rush hours.

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

Subway employees in Tokyo are called packers because _________.

A. they help pack the commuters into the trains in rush hours.

B. they travel with the commuters.

C. they usually live in the subways.

D. they have good manners

In Seoul, commuters _____________ to get a cab in rush hours.

A. stand in the middle of the road

B. shout loudly

C. pay extra fare

D. call the taxi company

In _________, drivers with certain license plate numbers can drive only on certain days

A. New York

B. Seoul

C. Tokyo

D. Athens

Carpools mean _______________ .

A. two or more cars running together on highways

B. there are pools in cars

C. a group of people drive to and from work together and share the costs.

D. Not mentioned.

Fill Blank 1

A （1）_located_ is a place where two roads meet and cross. A （2）_jazz_ is a place where roads meet. A (3)_size_ is a kind of junction in the form of a circle. A (4)_excitement_ is a part of road specially marked for people walking in the street to cross. A (5)__achievement_ is curve or turn in a road.

第七单元

Conversations 1

How far is the Hong Kong Bank

A. It’s about half-an-hour driving.

B. It’s about one-hour walk.

C. It’s about a-few-minute walk.

D. It’s about 40-minute trip by bus.

Conversations 2

What is the man looking for

A. A department store

B. A public rest room

C. A restaurant

D. A grocery store

Conversations 3

Where is the Theatre

A. On the 50th Street

B. Across from the clinic

C. Right behind the speaker

D. Not mentioned.

Conversations 4

What place is not mentioned in the conversation

A. Center Street

B. City Hall

C. Second Avenue

D. Bar Street

Conversations 5

Where is the museum

A. On Queen Mary Avenue.

B. On this street.

C. Turn right at the traffic lights.

D. Both of them don’t know.

Conversations 6

Larry is lost on his way to Bob’s house.

A. True

B. False

Larry is calling Bob to tell him he can’t be there today.

A. True

B. False

Larry was supposed to get off at Exit 4.

A. True

B. False

Bob’s house is at the end of the block on the right.

A. True

B. False

It will take Larry another hour to get to Bob’s house.

A. True

B. False

Conversations 7

Athens and Rome have ________ rush hours.

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

Subway employees in Tokyo are called packers because _________.

A. they help pack the commuters into the trains in rush hours.

B. they travel with the commuters.

C. they usually live in the subways.

D. they have good manners

In Seoul, commuters _____________ to get a cab in rush hours.

A. stand in the middle of the road

B. shout loudly

C. pay extra fare

D. call the taxi company

In _________, drivers with certain license plate numbers can drive only on certain days

A. New York

B. Seoul

C. Tokyo

D. Athens

Carpools mean _______________ .

A. two or more cars running together on highways

B. there are pools in cars

C. a group of people drive to and from work together and share the costs.

D. Not mentioned.

Fill Blank 1

A （1）_crossroads_ is a place where two roads meet and cross. A （2）_junction_ is a place where roads meet. A (3)__roundabout_ is a kind of junction in the form of a circle. A (4)_crosswalk is a part of road specially marked for people walking in the street to cross. A (5)_bend_ is curve or turn in a road.

第八单元

Conversations 1

When are they going to meet

A. Friday night.

B. Tomorrow night.

C. Tonight.

D. Next week.

Conversations 2

What are they going to do

A. Play ballgame.

B. Go swimming.

C. Watch a movie.

D. Stay home

Conversations 3

Where are they going to swim

A. At the river.

B. At the lake.

C. At the pool.

D. They haven’t decided yet

Conversations 4

Why would going skiing tomorrow probably not be a good idea

A. It’s going to rain tomorrow.

B. It’s going to be windy tomorrow.

C. They have to work tomorrow.

D. It’s going to be warm tomorrow.

Conversations 5

Why can’t Linda go dancing this weekend

A. She has got other plans.

B. She has to study.

C. She has to work overtime.

D. She doesn’t want to go.

Conversations 6

George is inviting Heather to a movie tomorrow night.

A. True

B. False

Heather has to work overtime tomorrow night.

A. True

B. False

George bought the tickets at the box office.

A. True

B. False

George paid $200 for each ticket.

A. True

B. False

They are going to meet at 8 o’clock tomorrow night.

A. True

B. False

Conversations 7

The major reasons for the British to be unpunctual include __________.

A. traffic jams

B. weather conditions

C. Both A and B

D. Not mentioned

It’s usually not _________ for people to be late for social events in Britain.

A. polite

B. impolite

C. acceptable

D. good manners

_ ____________ often take the unpunctuality to extremes.

A. Students

B. Service people

C. Family members

D. Best friends

Public transport is __________.

A. usually punctual.

B. usually criticized for its unpunctuality.

C. usually

D. very good.

The British are mad about crossword puzzles because they _______________ .

A. love playing puzzles.

B. have to spend too time waiting.

C. feel those games are very interesting.

D. Not mentioned.

Fill Blank 1

In the US, there are no exact (1)_rules_about gift giving, but there are some general (2)_customs_. When you are invited to a meal at someone’s home or to someone’s birthday party, it is a good idea to bring small (3)_gifts_, although not absolutely (4)_necessary_. However, remember that rules and customs on the gift giving in the US are general; it is up to the (5)_individual_ to decide when to give a gift and what to give.

北外1603-远程教育--消费者行为(经管专升本选修)--参考答案

第一单元单选题 1 下面一种现象，哪一个不属于心理学给消费者行为的启发？ A. 人们有亲和需求 B. 人们有印象管理的动机 C. 人们在过节时互相赠送礼物 D. 人们有模仿名人的倾向 2 物质主义者认为，下列哪个项目代表着人的成功？ A. 银行存款 B. 拥有的物质 C. 黄金 D. 家庭背景 3 人们面临下列问题时，常常导致补偿性购物？ A. 对死亡的恐惧感 B. 精神紧张 C. 生活轻松 D. 跳槽 4 下面针对营销伦理的说法哪一个是错误的？ A. 广告能够让人们发掘到自己的需求 B. 过多消费会引起环保问题 C. 营销能提高消费者的购物体验 D. 政府应该立法，尽量减少广告的投放量 5 下面针对身份焦虑的说法哪一个是错误的？ A. 身份焦虑会导致强迫性购物 B. 对女性来说不存在身份焦虑 C. 身份焦虑和物质主义倾向相关 D. 中国人面临着很深的身份焦虑 6 下面哪个不属于消费者行为的个体层次的内容？ A. 动机 B. 个性 C. 家庭 D. 自我 7 下面关于消费者行为的说法，哪一个是错误的？ A. 态度无法通过模仿获得 B. 人们在决策时具有有限理性 C. 社会比较是人们认识自我的重要方式 D. 印象管理动机会促使人们关注外貌 8 “消费者行为学”考察的对象是 A. 营销组织 B. 广告机构 C. 消费者 D. 商场和超市 9 下面哪个学科不属于消费者行为学的来源学科？ A. 社会心理学 B. 数学 C. 环境心理学 D. 社会学

1 0 下面一种现象，哪一个不属于社会学给消费者行为的启发？ A. 产品应注重仪式感 B. 体现出对单身女性的关注很重要 C. 人们搬到郊区后生活需求会有所改变 D. 购物篮应该放在“过渡区” 第一单元判断题 1 研究发现，个体的幸福感与物质主义倾向正相关 社会学是消费者行为学的一门来源学科 强调社会规范可以唤起消费者的共鸣 × 2 √ 3 √ 4 消费者行为学着重考察4P ，即产品、促销、价格和地点 品牌故事可以增进人们对品牌的认识 × 5 √ 6 对身份的担忧会使得物质主义者减少开支 消费者行为学关注人们对产品的消费，不关注对服务的消费 微博会扩大名人消费的影响 × 7 × 8 √ 9 自我复杂性高的个体，自尊程度较低 × 1 0 商业步行街的出现与人们对自然的偏好有关 √ 第二单元单选题 1 下面关于价格知觉的说法，哪一个是不妥当的？ A. 价格知觉与参照价格有关 B. 消费者的经济状况会影响价格知觉 C. 促销不会影响到价格知觉 D. 购物环境会影响价格知觉 2 消费者的知觉不包括下面哪一个？ A. 时尚知觉 B. 风险知觉 C. 质量知觉 D. 价格知觉 3 下面哪一个不会影响消费者的风险知觉？

新一代大学英语综合教程1期末测试 词汇填空

新一代大学英语综合教程1期末测试词汇填空 Unit1 1.when i(hung out) 2.l don’t(at fault) 3.what used(and the like) 4.David my(when it comes to) 5.Many young(take up) 6.if the(on a broader scale) Unit2 1.people with(impact have on) 2.the professor’s(mesh with) 3.socially skilled(are adept at) 4.people with(confronted with) 5.with this(on the job) 6.one aafter(in effect) 7.the organization(enlist the help of) Unit3 1.science is(in terms) 2.l don’t(get in the way of) 3.we should(rather than) 4.for more(check out)5 .thedebate(come down to)6.the investigators(in vain)7.the students(in the firt instance)8.making english(conform to)9.the virtue(transform into)10.why did(put down) Unit4 1.(in view of)the heavy 2.the persecution（exclude form） 3.in snindler(felt compelled to) 4.we can’t(share respornsibility) 5.when the(denied) 6.During the(seek refuge) 7.the writing(by extension) 8.thousands of(poured into) Unit5 1.professor NYE(exercise of power) 2.the chinese(soft power) 3.the study(engage in) 4.we believe(gobble up) 5.there simply(soak up) 6.His whole(turn the tables) 7.the local(by happenstace) 8.we are(baby steps) 9.putin doesn’t(be perceived as)10.with written(date back) Unit7 1.unlike its(typical of) 2.with only(slip away) 3.the city(in the extreme) 4.when(a)long(sweep of) 5.humans are(wiping out) 6.the sumatran(originate in) 7.although some（in captivity） 8.to keep(spread into) 9.A caterpillar(pass through)8.to keep(spread into)9.A caterpillar(pass through)

北外1603-远程教育--经济学基础--参考答案

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The pressures on friendship today are broad. They arise from the demands of work, say, or a general busyness that means we have less quality time for others. How many individuals would say that friendship is the most important thing in their lives, only to move thousands of miles across the continent to take up a better-paid job?当然，这并不是某个人的错。如今，交友压力来自方方面面。比如来自工作压力，或是整天瞎忙，无法和他人享有高质量的沟通时间。有人嘴上说友谊是生命中最重要的东西，却为了一份收入颇丰的工作远赴千里之外。这样的人还少吗？ 9、Of course, we learn how to make friends —or not —in our most formative years, as children. Recent studies on childhood, and how the contemporary life of the child affects friendships, are illuminating. Again, the general mood is one of concern, and a central conclusion often reached relates to a lack of what is called "unstructured time."当然，我们是在性格成型的最重要的孩提时期学会如何结交朋友或是如何断交。最近，关于儿童期和儿时生活对交友的影响的研究很有启发性。这些研究再一次关注了风气这个问题，其主要结论都与孩子缺少―计划外时间‖有关。 10、Structured time results from the way an average day is parceled up for our kids — time for school, time for homework, time for music practice, even time for play. Yet too often today, no period is left unstructured. After all, who these days lets his child just wander off down the street? But that is precisely the kind of fallow time so vital for deeper friendships. It's then that we simply "hang out," with no tasks, no deadlines and no pressures. It is in those moments that children and adults alike can get to know others for who they are in themselves. ―计划内时间‖源自每一天的时间安排方式，何时上学，何时完成家庭作业，何时进行音乐训练，甚至何时玩耍，一股脑儿的塞给孩子。然而，再寻常不过的是，没有任何一个时段是没有安排的。毕竟，现在谁还会让自己的孩子在街上闲逛呢？但是，恰恰就是这种―无所事事‖的时间对于深厚的交情至关重要。在这个时间段，我们只是闲逛，没有任务，没有最后期限，没有任何压力。就在这些时候，孩子也罢，成人也罢，才能真正了解同行之人。 12、Aristotle had an attractive expression to capture the thought: close friends, he observed, "share salt together." It's not just that they sit together, passing the salt across the meal table. It's that they sit with one another across the course of their lives, sharing its savor — its moments, bitter and sweet. "The desire for friendship comes quickly; friendship does not," Aristotle also remarked. It's a key insight for an age of instant social connectivity, though one in which we paradoxically have an apparently growing need to be more deeply connected.亚 里士多德曾经这样表达此意，妙不可言。他 说，亲密的朋友，是―一起吃盐的朋友‖。他 并不是说朋友们坐在一起，在饭桌上把盐传 来传去。他的意思是朋友们共享人生经历， 分享各种滋味，苦的，甜的。亚里士多德还 说过―交友的想法常常匆匆而至，但是真正的 友情往往姗姗来迟。‖这对于当今这个时代来 说是一种重要的真知灼见。因为，在这个时 代里，虽然人们能迅速建立关系，不过我们 反倒越发觉得需要更深一步结识他人。 UNIT 26、With persistence and practice, such a process can lead to lasting results. I know one Wall Street executive who sought to improve his empathy –specifically his ability to read people’s reactions and their perspectives. Before beginning his quest, the executive’s subordinates were terrified of working with him. People even went so far as to hide bad news from him. Naturally, he was shocked when finally confronted with these facts. He went home and told his family – but they only confirmed what he had heard at work. When their opinions on any given subject did not mesh with his, they, too, were frightened of him.只要坚持并不断实践，这样的过程能够 带来持久的结果。我认识一位华尔街的主管， 他想方设法提高自己的同理心。具体一点就 是读懂对方的反应，了解对方的看法。在开 始努力寻求改变之前，这位主管的下属惧怕 与其一起工作。人们甚至对他隐瞒坏消息。 最终面对这些情况时，他自己自然大吃一惊。 回家后，他告诉家人——但家人更肯定了他 在单位听到的一切。无论什么话题，如果家 人的观点未能与之吻合，他们也会害怕他。 7、Enlisting the help of a coach, the executive went to work to heighten his empathy through practice and feedback. His first step was to take a vacation to a foreign country where he did not speak the language. While there, he monitored his reactions to the unfamiliar and his openness to people who were different from him. When he returned home, humbled by his week abroad, the executive asked his coach to shadow him for parts of the day, Several times a week, in order to critique how he treated people with new or different perspectives. At the same time, he consciously used on-the-job interactions as opportunities to practice ―hearing‖ ideas that differed from his. Finally, the executive had himself videotaped in meetings and asked those who worked for and with him to critique his ability to acknowledge and understand the feelings of others. It took several months, but the executive’s emotional intelligence did ultimately rise, and the improvement was reflected in his overall performance on the job.这位主管向私人教师 寻求帮助，他回到工作岗位，通过实践和别 人的反馈来提高自己的同理心。首先，他到 一个语言不通的国家去度假。在异国他乡， 他审视自己面对不熟悉事物的反应以及对异 族人群的开放性。返回家乡时，一周的国外 生活已使他丢掉了所有的高傲，这位主管让 私人教师一周跟踪自己几天，每天跟踪自己 几个时段，以此评价自己对持新观点或不同 观点人的态度。同时，他还有意识地利用工 作现场与人交往的机会来实践―倾听‖异己观 点。最后，主管还让人拍摄他开会时的表现， 让下属以及合作伙伴评价自己承认并理解他 人感情的能力。这个过程持续数月，但最终， 主管的情商确实提高了，并在他的整体工作 表现上体现了出来。 8 It’s important to emphasize that building one’s emotional intelligence cannot – will not – happen without sincere desire and concerted effort. A brief seminar won’t help; nor can one buy a how-to manual. It is much harder to learn to empathize –to internalize empathy as a natural response to people –than it is to become adept at regression analysis. But it can be done. ―Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm,‖ wrote Ralph Waldo Emerson. If your goal is to become a real leader, these words can serve as a guidepost in your efforts to develop high emotional intelligence.需要强调的是，没有真诚的愿望 和竭尽全力的付出，培养情商是不可能的， 也不会有结果。一场简短的研讨会起不了作 用，实用操作手册也无法买到。要使同理心 内化为对别人的一种自然反应，才算是获得 了同理心，这比擅于回归分析要难得多。但 获得同理心也是能做到的。拉尔夫·沃尔 多·爱默生写道：―没有热情，就不可能取得 任何伟大的业绩。‖如果你的目标是成为一位 真正的领袖，这句话可以激励你不断努力， 提高情商。 UNIT 32、First, science is practiced by special people with a specific view of the world. Scientists try to be objective, unsentimental and unemotional. They do not let their feelings get in the way of their observations of real things, facts, as they call them. They often work in laboratories or in other areas where they can carefully control what they are working on. They do not just wander out onto the dock at sunset and look at the world with wonder, as a poet might. Ideally, they are also both honest and check them out and then utilize them in their findings so others can check them out and then utilize them in their own work. They do not claim more than they can prove, and often even less. But they are very proud of their calling and prefer to talk to other scientists rather than anybody else, especially poets, who tend to make them feel uncomfortable, to put them down.(Of course poets also feel scientists return the favor.)首 先，从事科学工作的是特殊的一类人，他们 具有特定的世界观。科学家努力保持客观、 理性，不感情用事，不会让感情妨碍他们观 察他们所说的实物和事实。科学家常常在实 验室或者他们能够严格控制研究对象的场所 工作。他们不会像诗人那样，在日落时去码 头闲逛，惊奇地观赏这个世界。典型的科学 家既朴实，又谦恭。他们总是尽量客观地汇 报他们的科学发现，以便别人能够证实并在 工作中加以运用。他们不会对自己不能证明 的事物妄加断言，甚至常常连自己能够证明 的也不去多说。然而，他们对―科学家‖这一 称谓引以为傲，更喜欢彼此相互交流，而不 太愿意和其他人交流，尤其是和诗人，因为 诗人总让他们感觉不自在，且常贬低他们。 （当然了，科学家在诗人眼里也不过如此。） 3、Second, science deals almost exclusively with things, not ideas or feelings, and with the external world and its workings, not inner states and their workings, despite the effort of some psychologists to be or seem scientific. The human body is considered to be or seem scientific. The human body is considered to be a part of the external world; the soul is not. Therefore, scientists work to understand the body but not the soul. Most scientists doubt the soul exists. The solar system and the universe are also part of the external world, although we have little enough direct evidence of their mode of existence. Scientists tend to assume the basic conditions of nature on Earth are the same everywhere in the cosmos.其次，科学的 研究对象基本上仅限于事物，而非思想或者 情感，仅限于外部世界及其运作，而非内在 状态及其运作，尽管一些心理学家也试图让 自己的工作具备或者显得有科学性。人体被 认为是外部世界的一部分，而人的灵魂则不 然。因此，科学家探索的是人的肌体，而不 是灵魂。大部分科学家怀疑灵魂的存在。太 阳系和宇宙也是外部世界的一部分，虽然我 们没有充足的直接证据来证明它们的存在模 式。科学家往往认为，地球上自然界的基本 状况无论在宇宙的何处都是一样的。 4、Mankind is only questionably part of the external world in this sense. Scientists are generally reluctant to deal with the behavior of large groups of men and women. Thus economists, for example, struggle to be considered scientists, but usually in vain. The external world of scientists contains some things, like quanta, quarks and quasars, that are

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