高考英语状语从句专项讲解

高考英语状语从句专项讲解

一、考点分析

状语从句主要考点在语法填空、翻译和作文。

二、专题详解

状语从句梳理

知识点1：分类

语从句可以分为以下九种：

1、时间状语从句

2、地点状语从句

3、原因状语从句

4、目的状语从句

5、结果状语从句

6、条件状语从句

7、方式状语从句

8、让步状语从句

9、比较状语从句

知识点2：具体用法

1) 时间状语从句：

as soon as Hardly/scarcely had…when

No sooner had …than….

the moment.. the instant…the second…immediately directly…instantly…①As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write

to you.我一到上海就给你写信。

② Hardly (scarcely) had I got home

when it began to rain.

我刚一到家就下雨了。

③No sooner had we got to the station

than the train left.

我们刚到车站，火车就走了。

④We had just begun the moment we

were told to stop.

我们刚开始就被叫停。

⑤I felt cheerful immediately I heard the

song.

我一听到这首歌就感到很愉快。

①hardly…when和no

sooner…than的意义相当

于as soon as，但只表示过

去发生的事情，主句为过去

完成时，从句为过去时，如

hardly或no sooner位于句

首时语气强，而且主句的谓

语要用部分倒装。

②名词短语连词：

“一……就……”

主句+ the moment…从句

主句+the instant…从句

主句+the second…从句

③ 副词短语连词：

主句+ immediately +从句

主句+ directly +从句

主句+ instantly+从句

every time =each time last time…next time…the first time ①Every time I traveled by boat, I got

seasick.

我每次乘船都晕船。

②Last time we saw you, you were too

thin.

上次我们见到你的时候，你太瘦了。

every time=each time

“每次……；每当……”

last time…“上次……”

next time…“下次……”

the first time“第一次……”

2) 地点状语从句和原因状语从句：

3) 目的状语从句和结果状语从句：

4) 条件状语从句和方式状语从句：

句as/so long as

in case

so/as far as

once ③So long as you work hard, you will succeed.

只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。

④In case I forget, please remind me about it.

万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。

⑤ So far as I know, the book will be published

next month.据我所知，那本书下月出版。

⑥Once you decide to do something, you should

try your best.

一旦你决定做某件事情，你就应该全力以赴。

的谓语动词的时态一

般要用现在时或过去

时代替一般将来时或

过去将来时。

方式状语从句as

as if

=as though

①Draw a cat as I taught you yesterday.

按照我昨天教你的画只猫。

② Do as you are told to.

按照人家告诉你做的去做。

③ She looks as if she is ill.

看上去她好像是生病了。

④He acted as if (though) nothing had

happened.

他的行动就好像什么也没有发生。

⑤They treat the black boy as if (though) he

were an animal.他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一

头牲口。

① 此处as译为“按

照”或“正如”

② as if或as though

的意义和用法基本一

样。从句中可以用现

在时表示可能符合事

实，也可以用虚拟语

气。同时也要注意跟

even if/though（即使，

尽管）的意义区别。

5) 让步状语从句和比较状语从句：

比较状语从句not so/as

…as

the same

…as

such…as

②He doesn’t run so (as) fast as Jack (does).

他不如杰克跑得那样快。

③His book is the same as mine.

他的书和我的一样。

④ Henry is not such a good worker as Peter.

享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。

not as…as 或not

so…as。

than⑤She has made greater progress this year than

she did last year.

她今年比去年进步更大。

⑥ He bought fewer books than I (did).

他买的书比我买的少。

⑦ He runs less fast than me.他没有我跑得快。

表示不同程度之比

较，主句中用比较级

的形容词或副词。

the more…

the more…

⑧The more you read, the better you

understand.你看的书越多，你懂得的就越多。

⑨ The more tickets you sell, the more money

you will get. 你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多。

⑩The harder you work, the greater progress

you will make.你工作越努力，你取得的进步就

越大

①the more…the

more 意思为“越┉越

┉”，

通常的语序为从句在

前主句在后，这两个

the都是。

②表示程度的副词，

用在比较级的形容词

或副词前面。

③句子意思明显，句

子的主语和动词都可

练习

（一）

1. ___________ difficulties we may come across in carrying out this plan, we’ll work together to overcome them.

2. My grandparents have developed a habit of taking a walk after dinner every day except _______ it rains.

3. ____ ___ the volunteers have to consider their own problems，they are still encouraged by the spirit.

4. ________ there is water nearby, make a special effort to breed fish.

5. Man must keep in mind that it will be years ______ the earth recovers from the damage he makes to it.

6. You are sure to be successful in the job market ______ you make yourself better known to the interviewer.

7. Jimmy came back early last night. It was not yet eight o’clock ______ he got home.

8.I’ve already told you that I’m going to buy a new iPad, _____ much it costs.

9. Facing a beggar, I may feel this poor person needs help, and the need will not be met _____ I

put my hand in my pocket now.

10. Charlotte assured Tony that they could easily find the restaurant _____ she was familiar with the area.

11. _____ _____ _____ the robbery was committed, the police began searching for the criminals.

12.We firmly believe that the project, ______ carried out according to the plan, will definitely work out well.

13.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult.

14. ______ you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine how tasty the fish I cooked is.

15. It is five years ______ she began to take up raising flowers, and she’s got a lot of experience in how to keep them more attractive.

16. If you want to do the experiment again, you'd better be more careful you made a mistake.

17. Such an educational programme can teach students how to make positive choices ______ having faced with conflict.

18. It is recommended that the exploration team take with them an extra set of equipment

___ ____ unexpected emergency occurs.

19. Most probably it will be another 7 hours _____ you can have next meal, so each of you must have your stomach full.

20. _________ the doctors tried every means, the 2-year-old girl who survived in the Indiana Hurricane(飓风) finally gave up and joined her parents in heaven.

21. The man won't be sent to prison ____ ____ _____ he does volunteer work in the community for at least two years.

22. ________ you are in a speech contest or you are giving a talk in class, a little preparation will make your presentation organized and dynamic.

Keys:

1. Whatever

2. when

3. Even if

4. Where

5. before

6. once

7. when

8. however 9. unless10. because 11. As soon as12. if 13. unless 14. Unless 15.

since 16. where 17. when 18. in case 19. before 20. Although21. on condition that 22. Whether

（二）

1. After a few months, we did not complain about homework anymore______we knew that our teachers worked harder than we did.

2. To give our thanks, we wrote a big card to the teachers ______it was teachers’ day.

3. Later the family settled on Philip’s Island south of Melbourne ______Hemsworth enjoyed surfing.

5. The man took off, but instead of running out of the back door _____ he came in, he accidentally ran into the garage and was seized there.

6. The contest is the first national championship in the US, _______ Canadian filmmaker, Albert Nerenberg, has previously organized national laughing contests in Canada and Japan and a state championship in California back in 2010.

7. The final straw came in July ______I had decided to focus on commercial modeling．

8. You may not think they are related in any possible way, but scientists say that the extreme cold started in the North Pole, where the sea ice is melting rapidly______the burning of fossil fuels.

9. Do you, like a teacher or an expert in a field, wish to illustrate your ideas in detail to people unfamiliar with your subject ________they can understand your ideas clearly and thoroughly?

10. Furthermore, _______talented the speaker is, a talk without enough preparation is usually a failure.

11. You just smile ______ _____ everything is fine.

12. But ______I could reach it, one of my feet caught in something soft and I fell down.

13. ______ the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think how to make a grand entrance at the party.

14. However,_______she loved teaching; in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school and went to work in the poor parts of Calcutta.

15. Mother Teresa is now a well-known person. Many photos have been taken of her, ______ she

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Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完，你可以开始另一个。 结果状语从句： He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 他气得说不出话了。 让步状语从句： Though he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。 方式状语从句： Students do as the teachers say.学生们按照老师说的去做。 比较状语从句： The work isn't as easy as I thought.这项工作比我想象得难。 例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ 1. 易混引导词while, when, as的区别： when既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用，也可以指"时间段"，与延续性动词连用 （=while）。如： When he came in, his mother was cooking. When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day. While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如： Please don't talk so loud while others are working. As与when用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有"随着……"或"一边……一边……"之意。如： As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。 2．Because,as,since 的区别： Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题，语气最强；As用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成"由于"；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成"既然"。如： Water is very important because we can't live without it. He didn't come yesterday as his mother was ill. I'll do it for you since you are busy.

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区别。as和when引导的从句既可表示一点时间，也可表示一段时间，从句中的谓语动词既可以是持续性动词，也可以为短暂性动词，经常可以互换使用；while引导的从句通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。当从句中的谓语动词为持续性动词时，这三者可以通用（前面例句中已有体现），再如： 1 / 18 Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as / when / while father was away in France.妈妈担心，因为小艾丽思病了，特别是当父亲远在法国的时候。 如果从句和主句要表示一个人的两个动作交替进行或同时完成时，则多用as，可译为“一边......，一边......”。例如： He looked behind from to time as he went.他一边走，一边不时地往后看。 As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer..随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。 I thought of it just as you opened your mouth.你一张嘴我就知道你要 说什么。（若表示两个短促动作几乎同时发生时，用as的场合多于when.） 当主从句之间表示转折或对比关系时，多用while, 不用as或when。如：

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状语从句 状语从句修饰主句/主句的谓语。一般有九大类：表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式等。 时间状语从句 1. 用when引导：when表示“当……时候”。如： Things were different when I was a child. 我小时候情况与现在不同。 People breathe more slowly when they are asleep. 人睡觉时呼吸比较缓慢。 2. 用while引导：while表示“当……时候”。如： We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。 I went swimming while the others played tennis. 我去游泳，其余的人都打网球去了。 注意：while 所引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词必须是持续性的，不能是短暂性的。 3. 用as引导：as表示“当……时候”“随着”。如： He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时，把杯子摔了。 We get wiser as we get old. 随着年岁的增长，我们也变得聪明些了。 4. 用before引导：before表示“在……之前”。如： Turn off the lights before you go to bed. 睡觉前要关灯。 Before he went to university he was a worker. 上大学之前他是工人。 5. 用after引导：after表示“在……之后”。如： I will tell you after they leave. 他们走我再告诉你。 After you finish the letter show it to me．信写完后给我看看。 6. 用until / till引导：until / till表示“直到……”。如： He waited until she was about to leave. 他等着一直到她准备离开。 I watched him until he disappeared in the distance. 我瞧着他直到他在远处消失。 这类句型的主句动词通常只能是延续性动词，不能是终止性动词。但是，在否定句中，主句动词可以是终止性动词，此时构成not…ntil [till]…句式，意为“直到……才……”。如：

高中英语状语从句讲解及练习

状语从句 在复合句中作状语，位置灵活。 状语从句可分为时间状语从句，目的状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状语从句，方式状语从句，结果状语从句。 （一）时间状语从句 1.when, as, while a.when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。 Eg: When I get there I will call you. 如果when引导的时状的主语与主句的主语相同，而从句的谓语又是be动词时，那么从句中的主语与be 可省。 Eg：When （you are）in trouble, you can ask her for help. 如果when引导的时状的主语与主句的主语相同时，往往可以用“when+分词”的形式代替该状从。Eg：When I came into the room(When coming into the room), I found the light was off. b.while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，或者主句的动作发生在从句的动作进行过程中。主句的谓语动词 通常是非延续性动词。 Eg: He came in while I was reading a book. I met her while I was in school. c. as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同在时间点或同时间段进行。同时可表示主句的动作随着从句的动作的变化而变化。 Eg: He jumps as he sings. As the wind rose, the noise increased. 2.before(在……之前)与after（在……之后） Eg：See me before you leave. I saw them after I arrived. 3. till与until 肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某时"。否定形式表达的意思是"直至某时才做某事"。 Eg: Wait till/untill I call you. 等着直到我叫你。 She didn't arrive till/until 6 o'clock.. 她直到6点才到 但是置于句首时只可用untill. Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。否定形式有另外两种表达方式： (1)Not until …在句首，主句用倒装。 Man did not know what heat was until the early years of the 19th century. =Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat was. (2)It is not until…that… He will not go to bed until his mother comes home. =It is not until his mother comes home that he will go to bed. 4. as soon as/the moment/the instant/the second/the minute/immediately和hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than a. as soon as/the moment/the instant/the second/the minute/immediately 表示主句和从句的动作同时发生。译为“一……就” Eg：As soon as she heard the news, she began crying. b. hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than都可以表示"一……就……"的意思，但主句谓语动词一般要用过去完成时，从句谓语动词要用一般过去时。 Eg：I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain。 1. We called the First - Aid Center_______ the traffic accident happened. A. immediately B. shortly C.quickly D. hurriedly 2. The roof fell _____he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. A. before B. as C. after D. until 3. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity he reaches the end of the story. A when B whenever C.after D.until 4. I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _______ I heard the voices. A. as B. for C. while D.when 5. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse. １