(完整)深圳牛津版英语八年级上册知识要点复习

深圳牛津版英语八年级上册知识要点复习

Chapter 1 知识要点

一、单词

1.liquid 液体solid 固体( sold )

2.gas 气体( has; was ) cover 覆盖( discover; over )

3.stream 小溪( dream; ice cream ) tap 龙头( tape; cap; map; top )

4. freeze 惊呆;吓呆( froze; frozen) pump 用泵输送(jump)

5.waste 浪费(taste 尝起来) sound 听起来;似乎( round; found)

6.angry 生气的;愤怒的obey 服从;顺从( disobey 违反)

7.nod 点头( not; now; nor ) total 总数;合计

8.treatment 处理;治疗( treat v.) works 工厂;著作;作品

9.travel 旅行( traveler n.) pipe 管子

10.until 直到……时( =till ) sewage (下水道的)污水

11.pollute 污染( pollution n.) valuable 有价值的;宝贵的( value v.)

12.mint 铸币厂( mine; mind ) shiny 光亮的( shine n.)

13.customer 顾客;客户ordinary 普通的

14.owner 主人;物主( own v.& adj.) bath 洗澡;沐浴( path; both )

15.pour 涌流;倾斜( four; tour 旅行; sour 酸;(hour; your; our )

16.plant 工厂;植物;种植( plan; plane; planet; pant长裤子;plain 平原)

二、短语(词组)

1. go back to = return to 回到……

2. give sb.sth. = give sth. to sb. 给某人某物

3. two thirds 三分之二think about = consider 考虑;思考

4. from…to 从…到… lay eggs 下蛋

5. a few = not many 不多;几乎没有a little = not much 不多;几乎没有

6. shake one’s head 摇头nod one’s head 点头

7. drop…into 把…扔进carry…to 把…送到

8. on the right/left 在右边/左边come out of 从……出来

9. agree with sb. 同意某人意见agree to do sth. 同意做某事

10. at least 最少;至少at most 最多

11. brush the teeth 刷牙in fact 事实上

12. come / be from 来自clean ... up = make ... clean 打扫干净

13. be angry with sb. 生某人的气be angry about/at sth. 因某事生气

14. in the first place = at first 首先;起初

in the end = at last = finally 最后;最终

15. turn ...off/on 关闭/ 打开(电器等)turn ... up / down 调高/调低(声音/音量)

三、句型结构

1. use sth. to do sth. = do sth. with sth. 用某物去做某事

2. do one’s best(to do sth.) 尽某人最大努力去做某事

We should do our best to learn English well. 我们应该尽力学好英语。

3. It’s adj. for sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说,做某事是……

It''s very important for us to learn English well. 对我们来说，学好英语很重要。

= To learn English well is very important for us.

4. remember to do sth. 记得去做某事( 未做)

remember doing sth. 记得做了某事( 已做)

5. not...until/ before ... = ...after 直到…才

Kate didn''t go to bed until/ before she finished her homework yesterday.

= Kate went to bed after she finished her homework yesterday.

6. sb. spend sm. on sth. = sb. pay sm.for sth. = sb. buy sth. for sm.

= sth. cost sb. sm. 某人花钱买某物

Mary spent 500 yuan on the new bike last week.上个星期Kate花500圆买这辆新自行车= Mary paid 500 yuan for the new bike last week.

= Mary bought the new bike for 500 yuan last week.

= The new bike cost Mary 500 yuan last week.

7. pay attention to ( doing sth.) 注意(做某事)

8. too much + 不可数名词太多…… too much rain / sand

too many + 可数名词复数太多…… too many apples / dogs

much too + adj. / adv. (原级) 过于/ 太…… much too fat / dirty

9. 系动词+ adj. 系动词通常包括be动词( am/ is/ are/ was/ were ) 和感官动词

( look 看起来;sound 听起来;smell 闻起来;taste 品尝起来;feel 感觉起来)等

The girl looked very happy today. The food smells very sad.

10. adj./adv.(原级) + enough 足够… enough修饰形容词和副词的原级，通常放在被修

饰词(形容词/副词)的后面。tall enough 足够高important enough 足够重要

11. a lot of = lots of + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词通常用于肯定句，改为否定句或疑问

句时常改为many或much.

Chapter 2 知识要点

一、单词：

1. local 当地的;本地的(location) term 学期(team)

2. publish 出版;发行suggest 建议(suggestion n.=advice)

3. briefly 简要地conclude 结束(= finish / end )

4. experience 经验;经历vote 投票;选举( voter n. note )

5. secretary 秘书(secret adj.) section 文件、书等的)节;项;段

6. absent 不在场的;缺勤的shame 遗憾的事;可惜(share; same)

7. form 排列成;形式;年级mayor 市长(may)

8. deserve 应受;应得(serve) march 齐步走;行进(March; match)

9. consider 考虑(= think about) stall 摊位;货摊(still; tall; small)

10. design 设计( designer sign) jar 罐子(bar car; star; far)

11. match 竞赛;比赛(=game; watch) teenage 十三岁到十九岁的

12. committee 委员会edition (书、报等)版次(editor)

13. pleased 高兴的;满足的;满意的( pleasure n. pleasant adj. )

14. hold 举行( 过去式:held; cold; sold; told )

15. feature (报纸、电视等中)特写或专题节目;羽毛( leather 皮革)

16. praise 表扬( raise; pride; proud )

17. elect 选举(= choose election; elector = voter; electricity 电;电子)

18. free 免费的;自由的;空闲的( freedom n. freeze )

二、短语(词组)：

1. take charge of = be in charge of = be responsible for 负责;管理;对…负责

2. talk ... over 商量;讨论= discuss = talk about

3. pay for = spend on 付款ask for 要求;请求

4. make mistakes 犯错write ... down 写下;记下

5. sit down = have a seat 坐下;就坐finish doing sth. 完成做某事

6. be pleased with 对…感到满意have / hold a meeting 举行会议

7. take notes 记笔记ought to = should 应当;应该

8. take part in = join in 参加;加入(+ 活动)

9. in one week’s ti me = in one week 一周后( 指将来时间)

10. all over the world = in the world 全世界

11. take care of = look after = care for 照顾;照看

take care = look out = watch out = be careful 小心;注意

12. think about = consider 考虑make a decision = decide 决定

13. find out 查明;弄清楚look for 寻找find 找到

14. more than = over 超过;多于on October 1st 在十月一日

15. keep healthy 保持健康/卫生after school 放学后

16. be good at = do well in 擅长于...;在...方面好

be good for 对...有好处be bad for 对...有害

17. hundreds of years later = after hundreds of years 数百年后

18. come to the end of sth. 结束某事= conclude sth.

三、句型结构:

1. would like to do sth. = want to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 想要做某事

2. lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物( 类似有：send show give pass )

3. be interested in = be keen on = be fond of 对…感兴趣

4. tell sb.(not) to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事

5. something interesting 有趣的东西不定代词+ adj. (形容词修饰不

定代词，形容词放在不定代词的后面。) something important 重要的东西/事情

6. either ... or 不是...就是... (连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则)

neither ... nor 不...也不...;...和...(两者)都不

Either I or Tom is going to play basketball. 不是我就是Tom将参加打篮球。

Neither Kate nor Mary does well in Chinese. Kate和Mary两个都不擅长于语文/中文。

7. like ... best 最喜欢...

I like playing basketball best. = My favourite sport is playing basketball.

8. agree to do sth. 同意做某事agree with sb. 同意某人意见

9. decide to do sth. = make a decision to do sth.= make up one''s mind to do sth.

决定做某事make a decision about sth. 对某事作出决定

10. arrange to do sth. 安排做某事

11. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事suggest sb. To do sth. 建议某人做某事

四、语法：感叹句

What (a / an) adj. + n. + ( 主语+ 谓语)! How + adj./adv.+ ( 主语+ 谓语)!

What a beautiful girl Kate is ! = How beautiful Kate is !

What important work it is! = How important the work is!

What happy children they are! = How happy the children are!

Chapter 3知识要点

一、单词：

1. innocent 无辜的;无罪的detective 侦探(active)

2. guilty 犯罪的;有罪的recent 最近的;近来的

3. case 案件(cage; cave; care; cake; base) alone 独自;单独(along)

4. lock 锁;锁上(cock; rock; sock) safe 保险箱;安全的(save)

5. clue 线索(blue club) earring 耳环(ear ring)

6. question 提问;质问;问题necklace 项链(neck)

7. proof 证据(roof) ruby 红宝石( rugby )

8. suspect 嫌疑犯;可疑对象admit 承认

9. own 自己的;本人的;拥有(owner) insurance 保险

10.jail 监狱(tail; fail; sail) bracelet 手镯(brace let)

11.emerald 绿宝石diamond 钻石

12.piece (尤指一套中的)一件;块;条separately 单独地;分别地

13.crime 犯罪行为belt 皮带( bell )

14.frightened 受惊吓的;害怕的(frighten v.) doorway 门口(door way)

15.string 线;绳子(= rope) (strong) carpet 地毯(car pet)

二、词组(短语)：

1. work as = be 从事……工作knock at/on the door 敲门

2. break into 闯入bump into 撞击

3. steal... from 从……偷来see the film 看电影

4. make mistakes 犯错behind bars 坐牢

5. arrive at/in = get to = reach 到达ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事

6. wait for 等待instead of 代替

7. find out 找到look for 寻找

8. belong to 属于enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事

9. in the end = at last = finally 最后between...and... 在..和..之间(两者)

10. in / on the wall 在墙上/里in/ on the hand 在手里/中

11. let/ make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

12. show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth. 给某人看某物( pass/ give/ send/ lend)

13. at once = right away = in no time 马上;立刻be similar to 与…相似

14. be the same as 与...相同be different from 与...不同

15. at first = in the first place = first of all 首先

16. as well as 也;又= also / as well / too

17. turn ... on 打开(电器;电;煤气等) turn ... off 关闭

turn ...up 调高/调大turn ... down 调低/调小

三、句型结构：

1. no longer = not…any longer/more 不再

2. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事

3. sb. buy sth. for sm.=sb. pay/spend sm. for/on sth.

=sth. cost sb. sm. 某人花钱买某物

4. find it adj. to do sth. 发现做某事... find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事

5. finish./practice doing sth. 完成/练习做某事

6. be afraid of 害怕be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事

7. hope/ want to do sth. 希望/想要做某事

8. notice sb. doing sth. 注意/通知某人做某事

四、语法：(动词不定式、动名词)

动词不定式：分为带to的动词不定式(to + 动词原形) 和不带to的动词不定式常和动词不定式(to do)连用的动词有：

1. decide/ hope/ plan/ want/ arrange/ learn/ agree/ refuse(拒绝) to do sth.

2. suggest/ ask/ tell/ teach/ want/ wish/ encourage(鼓励) sb. to do sth.

3. keep/see/ watch/ hear/ notice sb. doing sth.看见/听到某人正在做某事(正在进行

常和动名词(doing)连用的动词有：

suggest/ admit/ deny/ enjoy/ finish/ mind/ keep/ practice(练习) doing sth.

后可接动词不定式也可接动名词的动词，但两种形式所表达的意思有所不同：

remember forget stop

remember to do sth. 记住去做某事(未做) remember doing sth.记起来做一某事(已做) forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth.忘记已做某事(已做)

stop to doing sth. 停下来去做某事(未做) stop doing sth.停止做某事(正在做)

其宾语后可接动名词也可接不带to的动词不定式的动词有：see watch hear

see/ watch/ hear/ notice sb. do sth. 看见/听到某人做了某事(已做)

see/ watch/ hear/ notice sb. doing sth. 看见/听到某人正在做某事(正在进行)

其宾语后只可接不带的动词不定式的动词有：make let have(使得)

make/ let sb. do sth. 让/使某人做某事have sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事

Chapter 4知识要点

一、单词

1. drive 驱动器;驾驶(drove; driven) monitor (计算器)显示器;班长

2. speaker 扬声器;喇叭(speak; speech) keyboard 键盘( key board )

3. print 打印(point; paint; printer) mouse 鼠标(pl: mice; house)

4. control 控制hide 藏;隐藏(hid; hidden)

5. tiny 极小的;微小的(= very small) judge 法官;审判员

6. realize 察觉到;意识到(=be aware of) company 公司

7. rarely 很少;不常(= seldom) type 打字;键入;类型

8. reference 标识distance 距离(dance; distant)

9. railway 铁路( rail ) raise 提出(问题等)(praise)

10.supply 供应;提供(offer; provide) opinion 意见;看法

11.price 价格(rice ;piece) medium 中等的;中号的

12.quantity 数量modern 现代的

13.disagree 不同意( agree ) hot 辣的;热的(heat)

14.smooth 柔和的(= soft) speed 速度( at the speed of )

15.operate 操作;使运行( operation; operator )

16.order 订单;命令;顺序(in order of 以...顺序; In order to do sth为了做某事)

二、短语/词组

1. hardly ever 难得;几乎不= seldom for the time being 暂时

2. write...down 写下so many/ much 如此多;很多

3. be made of 由……构成think about = consider 考虑

4. such as 例如in my opinion = I think 我认为...

5. at the same time 同时communicate with 与……沟通

6. in the future 在未来each other = one another 互相;彼此

7. in the world = all over the world 全世界

8. at the moment = now = at present 现在

9. the answer to this question 这个问题的答案

10. be unaware of = not know about 不知道;未察觉

11. be able to = can 会;能;可以be good at = do well in 擅长于……

12. be dependent on = depend on 依赖于

13. be short of = not enough 缺少的;不够的be short for 缩写;简称

三、句型结构：

1. send sth. to sb. = send sb. sth. 送给某人某物

2. help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人

help oneself to + 食物请自用with one’s help 在某人的帮助下

can't help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事

3. use sth. for doing sth. = use sth. to do sth.= do sth. with sth. 用某物做某事

4. give sth. to sb.= give sb. sth. 给某人某物

5. pay attention to doing 注意做某事

6. prefer A to B = like A better than B 比起B来更喜欢A

Kate prefers China to Japan. = Kate likes China better than Japan.

7. What''s the price of the books? = How much are the books?

四、语法：形容词的比较等级

形容词比较级和最高级

绝大多数形容词有三种形式：原级、比较级和最高级

形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不规则变化。

形容词的比较级和最高级的规则变化如下:

1) 通常在单音节词尾加-er 和-est：great (原级) greater greatest

2) 以-e 结尾的单音节词在词尾加-r 和-st: wide (原级) wider widest

3) 以辅音字母+ y 结尾的形容词,把y 改i再加-er 和-est:

happy: happier happiest easy: easier easiest early: earlier earliest

4) 以一个元音字母+ 一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母后再加-er 和

-est：big (原级)：bigger biggest sad: sadder saddest

5) 以后缀-ful、-less、-ing、-ed、-ly等结尾的双音节词，在其前加more 和most：

helpful: more helpful most helpful helpless: more helpless most helpless

boring: more boring most boring worried: more worried most worried

tired: more tired most tired friendly: more friendly most friendly

6) 在多音节词其前加more 和most:

beautiful: more beautiful most beautiful

difficult: more difficult most difficult

important: more important most important

7) 以-w 结尾的词在其词后加-er 和-est: new: newer newest few: fewer fewest

形容词前如加less 和least 则表示"更不"和"最不"

important 重要less important 更不重要least important 最不重要

不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级须特殊牢记:

原级比较级最高级

good/ well better best

bad/ ill/ badly worse worst

old older/elder oldest/eldest

much/many more most

little less least

far farther farthest(多指距离、路程)

further furthest(多指时间)

1、形容词原级用法：

1)、too/ very/ quite/ so/ rather + 原级

2)、原级+ enough 足够...

3)、as + 原级+ as 与...一样...

4)、A not as/ so + 原级+ as B A 不如/不及B...

Tom is not as tall as Jim. Tom不如Jim高.(Tom比Jim矮/ jim比Tom高)

= Tom is shorter than Jim. = Jim is taller than Tom.

Mary is not so beautiful as Jane. Mary不如Jane漂亮。(Jane比Mary漂亮)

= Mary is less beautiful than Jane.

= Jane is more beautiful than Mary.

2、形容词比较级的用法:

形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:

1)、比较级+ than

Kate is taller than Jenny.

This picture is more beautiful than that one.这张照片比那张照片漂亮.

This meeting is less important than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要.

2)、比较级and 比较级越来越... More and more + 多音节词原形越来越...

fatter and fatter 越来越胖taller and taller 越来越高

more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮more and more important 越来越重要

3)、the 比较级+ (句子)，the 比较级+ (句子) 越...就越...

The more we do sports, the healthier we are. 我们越运动，我们就越健康.

The more careful we are, the fewer we make mistakes.

我们越认真，我们犯错误就越少.

4)、比较级+ than + any other + 名词单数=比较级+ than + the other + 名词复数Mike is taller than any other boy in his class.

= Mike is taller than the other boys in his class.

= Mike is the tallest boy in his class.

备注：用much、a little、even等副词修饰比较级

The sun is much bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。

Tom is a little fatter than Jim. Tom比Jim胖一点点。

She is much more beautiful than Kate. 她比Kate漂亮得多。

3、形容词最高级的用法: (形容词最高级前常需用定冠词the修饰)

形容词最高级用于两个以上的人或物进行比较, 其结构形式为:

1)、主语+ 谓语(系动词) + the + 形容词最高级+ 名词+ 比较范围(in/ of all):

She is the best student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。

= She is better than any other student/ the other students in her class.

This is the most beautiful apple of all. 这是所有苹果中最大的苹果。

Li Lei is the youngest of the three. Li Lei是这三个中最年轻的.

2)、one of + the 最高级+ 名词复数

Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。

Chapter 5知识要点

一、单词：

1. pyramid (埃及)金字塔run 经营;管理;跑

2. rush 迅速移动;冲(brush; push) tale 故事(= story; tall; sale)

3. cry 叫;喊(= shout loudly; dry; try) wheel 轮;车轮

4. plain 平原(pain; plan) Greek 希腊人(Greece)

5. capture 用武力夺取;攻占wooden 木头(wood)

6. main 主要的;最重要的(pain; rain) order 命令;要求

7. drag (使劲吃力地)拖;拉citizen 公民;市民( city )

8. celebrate 庆祝;庆贺( celebration n.) joke 笑话

9. stupid 愚蠢的(= silly = foolish) square 广场

10. giant 巨大的( large ) secret 秘密的( secretary )

11. army 军队( arm ) enter 进入(= go into )

12. seize 抓住;捉住(size) god 神

13. bow 弓(cow; how; low; row ) arrow 箭( allow )

14. golden 金色的;金的(gold) battle 战斗;战役(bottle)

15. sail 航行(mail ;fail ;tail; rail;) pretend 假装

16. historical历史(上)的(history) fictional 虚构的(fiction)

17. legend 传说Asia 亚洲(Asian)

18. handsome (男子)好看的;英俊的(hand ;some)

19. paint (用颜料等)绘画(pain; print; pant; point)

二、短语/词组：

1. except for 除了……之外each other = one another 互相;彼此

2. look down at 向下看be able to = can/ could 会;能

3. get rid of 摆脱;除去at once = right away 马上;立刻

4. try to do sth. 试图做某事wait for 等待;等候

5. go to sleep 去睡觉fall asleep 睡着;入睡

6. in front of 在...的前面(外部) in the front of 在...的前面(内部)

7. steal…from… 从…偷来in the past 在过去

8. think of 想到;认为;觉得go back to = return to 返回;回到

9. be excited about 对…感到兴奋not any more = no more 不再

10. make jokes about 对…开玩笑play a trick/ joke on sb. 玩弄某人

11. be angry with sb. 生某人气be angry about/ at sth. 因某事而生气

12. talk about = talk…over = discuss 讨论

13. be connected with = be joined to 与……连接

三、句型结构：

1. succeed in = be successful in = achieve 成功

2. two days later = after two days 两天过后

3. stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事

4. leave sth. sp. 将某物落/留在某处

The boy left his schoolbag at home yesterday. 昨天这个男孩将他的书包落在家里。

5. take turns ( to do sth.) 轮流;依次

They take turns to sing songs. 他们轮流唱歌。

6. too + adj./ adv. to do sth. 太……不能……

= so + adj./ adv. that + 主语(代词) can’t do sth. 如此...以致不能...

Eg: The boy is too young to go to school. 这个男孩太年轻而不能上学。

= The boy isn't old enough to go to school.

= The boy is so young that he can't go to school.这个男孩如此年轻以致他不能上学

Eg: The girl got up too late to catch the early bus yesterday.

= The girl didn't get up early enough to catch the early bus yesterday.

= The girl got up so late that she couldn't catch the early bus yesterday.

(昨天这个女孩起床太迟了而没能赶上早班车。)

四、语法：现在完成时

构成：主语+ 助动词have/ has + 动词过去分词( vpp.) + ...

否定句：主语+ 助动词haven't/ hasn't + 动词过去分词( vpp.) + ...

一般问句：Have/ Has + 主语+ 动词过去分词( vpp.) + ...?

简单回答：Yes, 主语(代词)have/ has. No, 主语(代词)haven't/ hasn't.

Eg: Tom has finished his homework already.

→ Tom hasn't/ has not finished his homework yet.

→ Has Tom finished his homework yet?

→ Yes, he has. No, he hasn't.

Eg: The Smiths have lived in China for six years.

→ The Smiths haven't/ have not lived in China for six years.

→ Have the Smiths lived in China for six years?

→ Yes, they have. No, they haven't.

与现在完成时连用的时间状语(标志)：

1. ever, never, just, before, already, yet等

备注：already 常用于肯定句中，常放于句末，改为否定句或疑问句时改already为yet yet 常用于否定句或疑问句中，常放于句末

2. for + 时间段= since + 时间段+ ago 划线提问时用how long

have gone to sp. 某人现在去了某地(人未回)家(主语为第三人称)

have been to sp. + (次数) 某人曾经去过某地(几次) (人已回)

have been in/ at sp. + (时间段) 某人在某地(多长时间了) (人还在)

Chapter 6知识要点

一、单词：

1. invisible 看不见的;无形的( visible ) visible 看得见的;明显的

2. nest 窝;巢(test; best; rest; west) staff 工作人员

3. dolphin 海豚ghost 鬼;幽灵( host )

4. enclose 附入( close ) closely 仔细地

5. female 雌性的( male ) lay 下蛋;产卵(laid; lain)

6. pleasure 愉快;快乐(pleased; pleasant) glue 胶水( blue; clue )

7. fortunate 幸运的( unfortunate ) creature 生物

8. satisfied 满意的completely 完全地

9. complaint 抱怨(complain; explain; plaint ) paints (一套)颜料

10. review 评价;评论;复习(= go over) widely 广泛地(wide)

11. excitedly 激动地;兴奋地whisper 耳语;小声说

12. value 价值( valuable ) tail 尾巴( fail; jail; sail )

13. flat 平坦的;平的( flag ) goldfish 金鱼

14. type 类型(= form = kind) cap 帽子

15. unusual 不寻常的;与众不同的feature 特点( lecture )

16. complain 抱怨( complaint ) fin (鱼的)鳝

17. respond 回答( response ) pepper 甜椒;灯笼椒

18. receipt 收据;收条( receive ) bug 虫子

19. apology 道歉( apologize ) carton 一纸盒(牛奶、酸奶)

20. awfully 非常;极其( awful ) nap 小睡;打盹

21. rocket 火箭( pocket; ticket; rock ) plaza 广场

二、短语/词组

1. make a living 谋生according to 根据

2. in no time = at once = right away 立刻complain about 抱怨某事

3. sell out (of) 卖完work ... out 计算出

4. cross out 划去;删去on sale 出售的;上市的

5. make mistakes 犯错误from ... to 从…到

6. in a low voice 小声地tell stories 讲故事

7. put…on 穿上take…off 脱掉;脱下

8. shout at/ to sb. 对某人喊叫take care of = look after 照顾

9. all kinds of 各种各样的in fact 事实上

10. ask for 请求;寻求living things 生物

11. look at = take/ have a look at 看一看

12. be interested in = be keen on = be fond of 对…感兴趣

13. be pleased/ satisfied with 对某事感到满意

三、句型结构：

1. had better (not) do sth. 最好(不要)做某事

2. leave for = go to 启程;出发let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

3. tell/ ask sb. to do sth. 告诉/要求某人做某事

4. remember to do sth. 记住做某事remember doing sth. 记住做了某事

5. be adj. to do sth. 做某事是...

6. It’s adj for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是…

7. want/ would like to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 想要做某事

8. Why don’t you do sth.? = Why not do sth.? 为何不做某事

= How/ What about doing sth.?

Chapter 7 知识点

一、重点单词

1、fisherman 渔夫

2、elderly 年长的

3、dive 潜水

4、net 网

5、bamboo 竹子

6、attract 吸引

7、traditional 传统的

8、average 平均的

9、simple 简单的

10、remove=take away 移开

11、mention 提及

12、swallow 吞下

二、重点词组

1、on the side of 在……边

2、lots of=a lot of 许多

3、up to 直到……

4、between……and 在……和……之间

5、all the time 总是

6、not……any more 不再

7、be good at =do well in 擅长于

8、set off 出发

9、cool down 冷却

10、dive into 潜入

11、enable somebody to do 使某人能做某事

12、be famous for 因……而著名

13、be proud of = take pride in 以……而自豪

四、语法

语态(The Voice）动词语态分为主动语态和被动语态.

主动语态: 句子的主语是谓语动作的发出者被动语态.: 句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者

主动句：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语

被动句：主语+ be + p.p. + by + 宾语

被动语态的构成被动语态的构成被动语态的构成被动语态的构成

1)被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be 的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时:am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时:was/were+过去分词

一般将来时:will/shall be+过去分词现在进行时:am/is/are being+过去分词

过去进行时:was/were being+过去分词现在完成时:have/has been+过去分词

过去完成时:had been + 过去分词

情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由"情态动词+be+过去分词"构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后"to"仍要保留。

2) 被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被动语态。The children were taken good care of by her.

【注意】短语动词中的介词或副词变成被动语态时不可遗漏。

3) 主动语态变为被动语态要加“to”的情况若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。此类动词为感官动词，如：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch等。例如：

The teacher made me go out of the classroom.

=I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).

4) 主动形式表示被动意义如wash, clean, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等动词虽然用做主动形式却表示被动的意义。例如：

The food tastes good. The cloth feels soft.

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