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雅思小作文常见类型解析

雅思小作文常见类型解析
雅思小作文常见类型解析

雅思小作文常见类型解析

小作文一般都是图表作文,常见的几种主要类型有:表格图,曲线图,柱状图,饼状图和图画题五大类。一般来说,柱图和线图是每月常考的题型,有时候会有连考或者交替考的趋势。

饼图和表格题也是相对频率较高的题型。偶尔也会考综合题。图画题主要分为流程图和地图题,一般每季度轮换题库的时候会出现。不管考到哪种题型,其要求都是一致的,先要挑选重要数值并且在相关处作比较。

在雅思A类小作文图表题的写作当中,考生经常会碰到图表看懂了,但因数据比较凌乱,找不出很明显的特征,或者找到了很多特征,却不知道应该用什么样的思路来把图表当中的重要信息和规律特征有机自然的联系贯穿起来的情况。专家将从动态图表和静态图表的角度来详细分析小作文的解题思路。

一、动态图

有时间推移变化的图我们通常叫做动态图。曲线图都是动态图,但是对于表格图,饼图和柱图却有动态和静态之分。对于大多数的动态图我们都可以大致当作线图来处理。动态图重点在数字变化的表达上,利用主语句型的不同和衔接关联词来展开。写好动态图的基础是要准备好三个方面:

1. 解题思路

1). 表格题的动态题解题思路大致可以分为四步:①先相减(年份大的减小的);②后分类(上升一类,下降一类);③挑出极值(最大值);④挑选数值(倍数关系,变化明显的数值);

2). 线图的解题思路大致分为两种:第一种:①按整条线来写(可以把相同趋势的线放在一起,也可把相反趋势的线拿来做对比);②挑选重要信息(整体趋势,起点,重点,最高点,最低点);③整体作比较。第二种:①按时间区间来写(横轴对上去有共同拐点或交点的分为一段);②对比着写(强调交点,拐点,最高点,最低点);

3). 动态柱图解题思路:把各个柱子的顶点连起来就是几条线,所以按线图方式处理;

4). 动态饼图解题思路:把每种颜色看做一条线,可把相同相反的颜色放在一起写,很多时候也可以把占的比例最大的单独写一部分。

2. 基础替换词汇

1). 趋势词汇

上升动词类:increase, rise, grow, jump, surge, shoot up, soar

下降动词类:decrease, decline, fall down, drop, sink, dip

波动动词类:fluctuate

持平动词类:remain the same, stabilize, remain stable, remain constant

修饰动词的副词:slightly 轻微地,slowly 缓慢地,gradually 逐渐地,steadily 稳定地,rapidly 迅速地,moderately 温和地,轻微地,significantly 明显地,sharply 明显地,dramatically 急剧地,drastically 急剧地

上升名词类:increase, rise, growth, jump, surge

下降名词类:decrease, decline, fall, reduction, drop

波动名词类:fluctuation

修饰名词的形容词:slight, slow, gradual, steady, rapid, moderate, significant, sharp, dramatic, drastic

2). 极值类词汇和表达

最高点:reach the peak/top/highest point

Increase to the peak/top/highest point(所有上升类的动词都可以替换掉increase)

最低点:reach the bottom/lowest point

drop to the bottom/lowest point(所有下降类的动词都可以替换掉drop)

占了:occupy/make up/take up/account for/represent/constitute

3). 倍数的表达方式

Double 是两倍/大一倍

Increase/decrease three times 增长/减少了三倍

4). 大约的表达方式

Approximately/About/around+数字

3. 常用的小作文的趋势句式表达

句式一:变化主体/图画中主体+趋势动词+副词+数值+时间区间

Eg: The number of aged people over 65 increased significantly from 1 million in 1940 to 1.2 million in 2000.

句式二:There be+形容词+表示趋势的名词+in+变化的主体+时间区间

Eg: There was a significant increase in the number of aged people over 65 from 1 million in 1940 to 1.2million in 2000.

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