2006年考研英语翻译真题解析

2006年

（46）I shall define him as an individual who has elected the activity of thinking in Socratic（苏格拉底）way about moral problems as his primary duty and pleasure in life .

评析：本句最大的特色是谓语和宾语之间存在插入的介词短语成份，也就是在elected之后用了一个非常常考的as，不解决这一层，这个句子会非常不好理解，下一句的考点也很类似本句。

难点：as一直管制到in life，而the activityof thinking 是真实的宾语。

重点：as在考研英语中有3个常考的意思：

1.像……一样

2.与……同时

3.因为

翻译：我将把知识分子定义为这样的人，他把以苏格拉底的方式去思考道德问题作为人生首要的责任和乐趣。

（47）His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing the course of reasoning which led him to his decision in as obvious a manner as possible.

In the manner

By doing sth方式状语

以……的方式

评析：这句的长定语从句不是很难理解，但是revealing的宾语和46句一样，都会使人难以识别，如果知道介词的宾语是manner此句问题就不大了。

难点：in……manner是“以……的方式”的意思，一般放在动词的前面去翻译，状语要位于动词之前。

重点：理清修饰reveal的头绪，使得整句可以得到较清晰的版本。

翻译：他的功能和法官相似，必须接受以尽可能清晰的方式去说明使自己得出结论的推导过程的义务。

如果觉得这个定语太长，也可以这样翻译：

他的功能和法官的功能很相似，他们都必须接受一种义务，以尽可能清晰的方式去说明自己得出结论的推导过程。

（48）I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.

评析：本句主要是while后面这句话要翻得清晰，he后面这句话是一个否定强调结构，如果没处理好很难通顺。

难点：contribute to the solution of moral problems

主要是修饰：solution

否定强调结构：not……any but, but也可以等于only

重点：理解强调结构目的在于衬托后文的factual aspescts

翻译：我将一般科学家排除在外是因为，虽则他的成就也许有助于道德问题的解决，但是他从未有义务去研究那些问题事实层面以外的任何东西。

Tolerant 宽容包容

（49）But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.

适当使用一些成语

评析：本句的考点还是否定结构，不过这次不是强调，而是否定类比结构。

难点：否定类比：not……any more than

重点：后半句还要注意is expected to dedicate his energies不要翻成欧化中文

翻译：但是他的主要任务不是去思考管制他行为的道德法则，就像商人无需殚精竭虑的去探索商业行为守则一样。

（50）They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.

评析：but后面的修饰关系围绕一个词：reflection 那么必须注意讲的通顺，

难点：reflection是思考的意思，很容易错为反映的意思。

重点：修饰关系的顺序必须先翻后面，再翻前面。

翻译：他们也许教的很好，也不仅仅是为了挣钱，但是他们中的大多数，很少或从未就涉及道德判断的人类问题作出独立思考。

他有意识的，清晰而直白的去探索这些问题，首先通过提出事实问题，其次通过提出道德问题，最后在他已知的道德和事实信息的启发下，提出似乎合适的行动（来探索这些问题）。

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