=<7b , then >3．苹果比梨多250千克，苹果的一半比梨少75千克。苹果与梨各多少千克？
4．老同学聚会，大家见面的时候每个人都和其他人握了手，一共握了21次，那么参加这次聚会共有多少人？
5．如图，求.___________=∠+∠+∠+∠+∠E D C B A
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S △ABC = S △AOE == 2．已知： 图1 图2 图3 （1）初步思考： 如图1， 在PCB ?中，已知2PB =，BC=4，N 为BC 上一点且1BN =，试说明： 1 2 PN PC = （2）问题提出： 如图2，已知正方形ABCD 的边长为4，圆B 的半径为2，点P 是圆B 上的一个动点，求 1 2 PD PC +的最小值． （3）推广运用： 如图3，已知菱形ABCD 的边长为4，∠B ﹦60°，圆B 的半径为2，点P 是圆B 上的一个动点，求1 2 PD PC -的最大值． 【答案】（1）详见解析；（2）5；（3）最大值37DG =【解析】 【分析】 （1）利用两边成比例，夹角相等，证明BPN ?∽BCP ?，得到PN BN PC BP =，即可得到结论成立； （2）在BC 上取一点G ，使得BG=1，由△PBG ∽△CBP ，得到1 2 PG PC =，当D 、P 、G 共线时，1 2 PD PC + 的值最小，即可得到答案； （3）在BC 上取一点G ，使得BG=1，作DF ⊥BC 于F ，与（2）同理得到1 2 PG PC =，当点P 在DG 的延长线上时，1 2 PD PC -的值最大，即可得到答案. 【详解】 （1）证明：∵2,1,4PB BN BC ===，
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初二（上）第二次月考数学试卷 一、填空题 1. 正比例函数图像上有两点与，则的值为____________ ()1,3-(),21a a +a 2. 若二次三项式在实数范围内不能分解因式，则m 的范围是____________ ()2132m x x +-+3. 已知反比例函数的图象经过点，则m 的值为____________2y x = (),1A m 4. 若点在反比例函数的图像上，则当函数值时，自变量(),2A m -4y x =2y ≥-x 的取值范围是____________ 5. 过反比例函数图象上一点A ，分别作轴、()0k y k x =≠x y 轴的垂线，垂足分别为B 、C ，如果的面积为3，则k 的值为____________ ABC 6. 已知点在双曲线上，且OA=4，过A 作AC 垂直(),A a b 6y x =x 轴于点C ，OA 的垂直平分线交线段OC 于B ，则ABC 的周长为____________ 7. 如图，ABC 中，∠B=22.5°，∠C=60°，边AB 的垂直平分线交BC 于D ，交AB 于E ，已知，则的面积为____________ BD =ABC 8. 如果要通过平移直线得到的图像，那么直线13y x =-53x y --=13 y x =-必须向____平移____个单位 9. 关于的一次函数x ()313 y m x m =--+的图像不过第四象限，则试求m 的取值范围____________ 10. 直线交轴、轴于A 、B 两点，P 是反比例函数6y x =-x y ()40y x x =>图象上位于直线下方的一点，过点P 作轴的垂线，垂足为点M ，交AB 于点E ，过点P 作x 轴的垂线，垂足为点N ，交AB 于点F 。则____________ y AF BE ?=11. 如图4，已知在ABC 中，AB=AC ，∠A=120°，AC 的垂直平分线分别交AC 、BC 于点D 、E ，若设，DE x =，求与之间的关系式____________ BC y =y x 12. 如图5，直线与双曲线交于A 、B 两点，其横坐标分别为1和5，则不等式1y k x b =+2k y x = 的解集是____________21k k x b x +≤
上海民办上宝中学数学三角形解答题同步单元检测(Word版 含答案)
上海民办上宝中学数学三角形解答题同步单元检测（Word 版 含答案） 一、八年级数学三角形解答题压轴题（难） 1．直线MN 与直线PQ 垂直相交于O ，点A 在直线PQ 上运动，点B 在直线MN 上运动． （1）如图1，已知AE 、BE 分别是∠BAO 和∠ABO 角的平分线，点A 、B 在运动的过程中，∠AEB 的大小是否会发生变化？若发生变化，请说明变化的情况；若不发生变化，试求出∠AEB 的大小． （2）如图2，已知AB 不平行CD ，AD 、BC 分别是∠BAP 和∠ABM 的角平分线，又DE 、CE 分别是∠ADC 和∠BCD 的角平分线，点A 、B 在运动的过程中，∠CED 的大小是否会发生变化？若发生变化，请说明理由；若不发生变化，试求出其值． （3）如图3，延长BA 至G ，已知∠BAO 、∠OAG 的角平分线与∠BOQ 的角平分线及延长线相交于E 、F ，在△AEF 中，如果有一个角是另一个角的3倍，试求∠ABO 的度数． 【答案】（1）135°；（2）67.5°；（3）60°， 45° 【解析】 【分析】 （1）根据直线MN 与直线PQ 垂直相交于O 可知∠AOB=90°，再由AE 、BE 分别是∠BAO 和∠ABO 的角平分线得出1BAE OAB 2∠=∠，1 ABE ABO 2 ∠=∠，由三角形内角和定理即可得出结论； （2）延长AD 、BC 交于点F ，根据直线MN 与直线PQ 垂直相交于O 可得出∠AOB=90°，进而得出OAB OBA 90∠+∠=? ，故PAB MBA 270∠+∠=?，再由AD 、BC 分别是∠BAP 和∠ABM 的角平分线，可知1BAD BAP 2∠= ∠，1 ABC ABM 2 ∠=∠，由三角形内角和定理可知∠F=45°，再根据DE 、CE 分别是∠ADC 和∠BCD 的角平分线可知 CDE DCE 112.5∠+∠=?，进而得出结论； （3））由∠BAO 与∠BOQ 的角平分线相交于E 可知 1EAO BAO 2∠=∠,1 EOQ BOQ 2 ∠=∠ ，进而得出∠E 的度数，由AE 、AF 分别是∠BAO 和∠OAG 的角平分线可知∠EAF=90°，在△AEF 中，由一个角是另一个角的3倍分四种情况进行分类讨论． 【详解】 （1）∠AEB 的大小不变， ∵直线MN 与直线PQ 垂直相交于O ，
