英语专业四级听力Dictation 答案

New Year’s Eve

?For many people in the west, New Year’s Eve is the biggest party of the year. It’s time to get together with friends or family and welcome in the coming year. New Year’s parties can take place in different places. Some people hold a house party; others attend

street parties, while some just go for a few drinks with their friends.

Big cities have large and spectacular fireworks displays. There is one thing that all New Year’s Eve parties have in common, the countdown to midnight. When the clock strikes 12, people give a loud cheer and sing songs. It’s also popular to make a promise in the New Year. This is called a New Year’s resolution. Typical

resolutions include giving up smoking and keeping fit. However the promise is often broken quite quickly and people are back into their bad habits within weeks or days.

Town and Country Life in England ?There is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows

everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others. In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the center of London on Sunday, it is like a town without

people. One is sorry for old people living on their own.

They could die in their homes and would not be

discovered for weeks or even months.

A Change in Women’s Life

?The important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they

usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-time or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband

accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and

interests of each of them.

A Popular Pastime of the English People ?One of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what the do with their non-working time.Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer or autumn are likely to see gardens all they way along the railway lines. There are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the

roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window

boxes and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them.But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or something

growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other’s gardens is a

popular pastime with the English.

Useful Words and Expressions:

? 1. window box:窗台上的花盆箱

? 2.pastime 消遣，娱乐

?Swimming is my favorite pastime.

British and American Police Officers ?Real policemen, both in Britain and the U.S., hardly recognize any common points between their lives and what they se on TV—if they ever get home in time.Some things are almost the same, of course, but the policemen do not think much of them much of them.The first difference is that a policeman’s real life deals with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to know actually what actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court.

He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what’s more, he has to put it into practice on his feet, in the dark and, running

down a narrow street after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in talking with beautiful girls or in bravely facing cruel criminals. He will spend most of his working life arranging millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, ordinary

people who are guilty---or not of stupid, unimportant crimes.

Useful Words and Expressions:

? 1. think much of 重视，尊重

? 2. in court 在法庭上

? 3. criminal 罪犯，犯罪者

? 4. guilty 犯罪的，有罪的

Living Space

?How much living space does a person need? What happens when his space needs are not met? Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent

studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space.

If rats have enough living space, they eat well, sleep well and produce their young well. But if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior and even their health change obviously. They can not sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and worry become clear. The more crowded they are, and more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other.

Thus, for rats, populations and violence are directly related. Is this a

natural law for human society as well? Is enough space not only

satisfactory, but necessary for human survival? These are interesting questions.

The United Nations

?In 1945, representatives of 50 nations met to plan this organization.

It was called the United Nations. After the war, many more nations joined.There are two major parts of the United Nations. One is called the General Assembly. In the General Assembly, every member

nation is represented and has an equal vote.The second part is

called the Security Council. It has representatives of just 15 nations.

Five nations are permanent members: the United States, Russia, France, Britain, and China. The 10 other members are elected every two years by the General Assembly.The major job of the Security Council is to keep peace in the world. If necessary, it can send

troops from member nations to try to stop little wars before they turn into big ones.It is hard to get the nations of the Security Council to agree on when this is necessary. But they did vote to try to stop

wars.

Useful Words and Expressions:

? 1. representative 代表

? 2. General Assembly 联合国大会

? 3. permanent 永久的，持久的

? 4. Security Council 联合国安全理事会

Plastic

?We use plastic wrap to protect our foods. We put our garbage in plastic bags or plastic cans. We sit on plastic chairs, play with plastic toys, drink from plastic cups, and wash our hair with shampoo from plastic bottles!Plastic does not grow in nature. It is made by mixing certain things together. We call it a produced or manufactured

material. Plastic was first made in the 1860s from plants, such as wood and cotton. That plastic was soft and burned easily.The first modern plastics were made in the 1930s. Most clear plastic starts out as thick, black oil. That plastic coating inside a pan begins as natural gas.Over the years, hundreds of different plastics have been developed. Some are hard and strong. Some are soft and bendable.

Some are clear. Some are many-colored. There is a plastic for

almost every need. Scientists continue to experiment with plastics.

They hope to find even ways to use them!

Display of Goods

?Are supermarkets designed to persuade us to buy more?Fresh fruit and vegetables are displayed near supermarket entrances. This gives the impression that only healthy food is sold in the shop. Basic foods that everyone buys, like sugar and tea, are not put near each other.

They are kept in different aisles so customers are taken past other attractive foods before they find what they want. In this way, shoppers are encouraged to buy products that they do not really need.Sweets are often placed at children’s eye level at the checkout. While

parents are waiting to pay, children reach for the sweets and put them in the trolley.More is bought from a fifteen-foot display of one type of product than from a ten-foot one. Customers also buy more when

shelves are full than when they are half empty. They do not like to buy from shelves with few products on them because they feel there is something wrong with those products that are there.

Useful Words and Expressions:

? 1. aisle 走廊，过道

? 2. trolley 手推车

? 3. checkout 收款台

Albert Einstein

?Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879, His father own factory that made electrical devices. His mother

enjoyed music and books. His parents were Jewish but they did not observe many of the religion’s rules. Albert was a quite child who spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty learning to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a compass.

The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same

direction—to be north. He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move. Their answers about magnetism and gravity were difficult for the boy to

understand. Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about

them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things.

Useful expressions and words:

? 1. device 装置，设备

?leave to one’s own devices 听任某人自行其是，允许某人按自己的意愿做事

?She left the child to her own devices for an hour in the afternoon.她允许孩子在下午有一个小时的自由支配时间。? 2. compass 指南针

?beyond one’s compass某人力所不及

?catch/fetch/take a compass兜圈子，绕道，拐弯抹角keep sth within compass 把某种事物限制在适当的范围内speak within compass 谨慎小心地说

?within sb’s compass 某人力所能及的

?within the compass of 在……范围内

? 3.magnetism 磁力

Private Cars

?With the increase in the general standard of living, some ordinary Chinese families begin to afford a car. Yet

opinions of the development of a private car vary from

person to person.It gives a much greater degree of comfort and mobility. The owner of a car is no longer forced to

reply on public transport, and hence no irritation caused by waiting for buses or taxis. However, others strongly object to developing private cars. They maintain that as more and more cars are produced and run in the street, a large

volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the

atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of

people.Whether private cars should be developed in

Chicago is a difficult question to answer, yet the desire for the comfort and independence a private car can bring will not be eliminated.

A Henpecked Husband and His Wife ?There was once a large, fat woman who had a small, thin husband.

He had a job in a big company and was given his weekly wages

every Friday evening. As soon as he got home on Fridays, his wife used to make him give her all his money, and then she used to give him back only enough to buy his lunch in his company every day.?One day, the small man came home very excited. He hurried into the living-room. His wife was listening to the radio and eating

chocolates there.

?“You will never guess what happened to me to day, dear.”he said.

?He waited for a few seconds and then added, “I won ten thousand dollars on the lottery!”

?“That is wonderful! ”said his wife delightedly. But then she pulled a long face and added angrily, “But how could you aff to

buy the ticket?”

Useful Words and Expressions:

?henpecked 怕老婆的，妻管严的

?lottery *

? a great lottery 虚无缥缈的事

?pull a long face 拉下脸来

?have a face to say that脸皮厚得竟能讲出这种话

A Young Man’s Promise

?One day, a young man was writing a letter to his girlfriend who lived just a few miles away in a nearby town. He was telling her how

much he loved her and how wonderful he thought she was. The more he wrote the more poetic he became. Finally he said that in order to be with her, he would suffer the greatest difficulties, he

would face the greatest dangers that anyone couldn’t imagine. In fact, to spend only one minute with her, he would swim across the widest river, he would enter the deepest forest, and he would fight against the fiercest animals with his bare hands.

?He finished the letter, signed his name and then suddenly remembered that he had forgotten to mention something quite

important. So, in a postscript below his name, he added:

?“By the way, I’ll be over to see you on Wednesday night, if it doesn’t rain.”

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