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新初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练及答案

新初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练及答案
新初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练及答案

一、选择题

1.— How much are the __________?

— Eight yuan a kilo.

A.broccoli B.potatoes C.beef D.bread

2.-Can I help you?

-Yes. I'd like__________ rice.

A.a small bar of B.a slice of C.a large bag of D.a piece of

3.I’m hungry. I want some _________.

A.water B.bread C.toys D.homework 4.—Let’s make a banana milk shake.

—How many ________ do we need?

A.bananas B.cup of milk C.honey

5.With the ________ of society, our environment is becoming worse and worse. So we should do what we can ________ our environment.

A.development; to protect B.developing; to protect C.development; protect D.develop; protect

6.Look at the________on the ground, and it’s telling us autumn has come.

A.leaves B.leaf C.leafs D.leafes

7.—I hear your family have made up their ________ to India next month. Have a pleasant journey.

—Thank you.

A.mind travelling B.minds travelling

C.mind to travel D.minds to travel

8.—What does your mother have for dinner?

A.Chickens and tomato B.Chicken and tomatoes.C.Chicken and tomato.9.—There are beautiful flowers everywhere to celebrate the National Day, and we have

—________ holiday. That means we have seven days ________ for this public holiday.

A.a seven-day; off B.a seven-days; away

C.seven-day; over D.a seven-days’; off

10.Good food and_______help her_______better.

A.exercise; study B.exercise; studies

C.exercises; studying D.exercises; to study

11.—What is your _______, Lingling?

—I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night.

A.interests; interesting B.interests; interest

C.interest; interesting D.interesting; interest

12.—Do you think it is _______good advice?

—Yes, it’s really _______useful suggestion.

A.a; an B./; a C.a; a D./; an 13.—It’s convenient(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car?

—Yes. It’s said that_________is enough.

A.two hours drive B.two-hours drive

C.two hour’s drive D.two hours’ drive

14.________mothers work in the same hospital.

A.Tim’s and Peter’s B.Tim’s and Peter C.Tim and Peter’s D.Tim and Peter 15.The computer is _______________.

A.Amy's and Lily's B.Amy and Lily C.Amy's and Lily D.Amy and Lily's 16._____________ mother usually cooks for ___________ at the weekend.

A.Lily’s and Nick’s; them B.Lily and Nick’s; them

C.Lily and Nick’s; their D.Lily and Nick; their

17.In fact (事实上), she ________ ________ many ________.

A.doesn’t has; toies B.don’t has; toies C.doesn’t have; toys D.don’t have; toys 18.I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A.wasn’t used; many B.didn’t use; tons of C.used not; many 19.Some bananas ______ in the bag. Some mutton ______ on the table.

A.are; are B.is; is C.are; is D.is; are 20.—May I take your order,sir? —________.

A.Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rices

B.Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rice

C.Chickens with vegetable and two bowl of rices

D.Chickens with vegetables and two bowls of rices

21.I want to buy ________.

A.a bread B.some breads C.two piece of bread D.two bags of bread 22.—Do you like apples?

—Yes, I do. But my son likes _______.

A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.banana

23.As we know, China was the first country in the world________.

A.make papers B.to make papers C.to make paper 24.This zebra is an ______ animal. It lives in ______ now.

A.Africa; Africa B.African; Africa

C.Africa; African D.African; African

25.—What can I do for you?

—Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and .

A.some chickens B.any chicken C.some chicken

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——这些土豆多少钱?——八元一公斤。

考查名词。A. broccoli西兰花;B. potatoes土豆;C. beef牛肉;D. bread面包。根据句中are提示,空格处应填入名词复数,四个选项中只有B选项为可数名词的复数形式,故选B。

2.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——你想买点什么?——是的,我想要一大袋大米。

A. a small bar of.. 一小块……;

B. a slice of一片……;

C. a large bag of…一大袋……;

D. a piece of…表示一片……。rice是大米,这里表示一大袋大米用a large bag of rice来表示。根据题意,故选C。

3.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我饿了。我想要一些面包。

本题考查名词。water水,是不可数名词;bread面包,是不可数名词;toys玩具,是可数名词;homework作业,是不可数名词。根据I’m hungry.可知,我饿了,因此我想要吃一些食物,故选B。

4.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——让我们做一个香蕉奶昔。——我们需要多少香蕉?

考查名词。根据前一句可知,要制作香蕉奶昔的原料是香蕉和牛奶。How many后接可数名词复数。bananas名词,香蕉;cup of milk此处表示几杯牛奶,cup应该为复数才可以放

在空格处,故排除。honey名词,蜂蜜,不可数名词,不可以和How many搭配。故选A。5.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:随着社会的发展,我们的环境变得越来越糟糕。因此我们应该尽我们所能去保护环境。

考查名词及非谓语动词。development发展,名词;develop发展,动词;protect保护。根据题干中“With the ________ of society”可知the后接名词,第一空用development;结合选项可知第二句含义“我们应该尽我们所能去保护环境”,“保护环境”是目的,此处要用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。

6.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:看地上的叶子,它告诉我们秋天已经来了。

考查名词。leaf叶子,单数;leaves树叶,复数,根据所给空后面的it’s telling us可知,应该用的是可数名词单数,故选B。

7.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——我听说你的家人已经下决心下周去印度了。祝你们旅途愉快。——谢谢。

考查动词短语及名词复数。make up one’s mind to do sth下决心做某事,故排除A、B;根据“your family”是复数名词,所以“their”意为“他们的”,mind要用复数。故选D。

【点睛】

这道题考查了两个知识点:1. make up one’s mind to do sth下决心做某事。2. family是个集合名词,既可以作单数也可以看作复数。family指“家庭”时,作单数名词;指“家庭成员,家人”时是复数名词。该题首先根据短语结构排除A,B,然后根据family指家庭成员判断mind应该用复数。

8.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——你的妈妈晚饭吃的什么?——鸡肉和土豆。

考察名词的数。chicken是不可数名词,后不加s, 而tomato是可数名词,且以o结尾的有生命的,后要加es;结合选项故选B。

【点睛】

一般情况下,以o结尾的名词,有生命的加es,比如potatoes, tomatoes,无生命的加s, 例如photos。

9.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——到处都有美丽的鲜花来庆祝国庆节,而且我们有七天的假期。——这意味着这个公共假期我们可以休息七天。

考查复合形容词。第一个空,根据题干及选项,可知这里用复合形容词作定语,其构成是:数词+名词(单数)+形容词,并且要用连词符号连接,所以“一个七天假期”应表达为a seven?day holiday;第二个空,have+一段时间+off,表示“休多长时间假期”,是固定词组,“七天的假期”seven days off = seven days’ leave.其他的搭配不合理;故答案选A。10.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:好的饮食和锻炼帮助她学习更好。

考查名词辨析及非谓语动词。exercise锻炼,运动,是不可数名词;练习,早操,可数名词。study学习,动词原形;studies第三人称单数形式;studying动名词或现在分词形式;to study动词不定式。根据句意可知,第一个空中的exercise指“锻炼”,是不可数名词,没有复数形式,先排除C和D;第二个空考查句型help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”,故选A。

11.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——玲玲,你的兴趣是什么?——我真的喜欢在晚上读令人感兴趣的故事。

考查可数名词及形容词作定语。interest兴趣;interesting令人感兴趣的。根据答句中“I really enjoy reading _____ stories at night.”可知推出问句问的是兴趣,再由be动词is可知your后接名词单数形式interest;stories前要用形容词作定语,用interesting符合题意。故选C。

12.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你认为它是好建议吗?——是的,它真的是一个有用的建议。

考查不定冠词。a一个,不定冠词,用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,不定冠词,用在以元音音素开头的单词前,根据第一个空后面的advice是不可数名词,所以第一个空什么也不填,排除A和C,由第二个空suggestion是可数名词且useful是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词a,排除D,故选B。

13.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——从苏州到上海乘坐汽车是非常便利的吗?——是的。据说两小时的车程就够了。

本题考查名词所有格。当数词和单数名词用连字符连接时,起形容词的作用,如two-hour“两小时的”,修饰名词drive,用加连字符的形容词two-hour,或名词所有格two hours’。故选D。

14.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:吉姆的妈妈和皮特的妈妈在同一家医院工作。

考查名词所有格。A. Tim’s and Peter’s 蒂姆的和皮特的,后面的名词所表示的物分别属于两个人的;B. Tim’s and Peter表达错误;C. Tim and Peter’s 蒂姆和皮特的,后面的名词所表示的物是属于两个人所共有的;D. Tim and Peter蒂姆和皮特,没有构成名词所有格。根据句意,空处表示“……的”,应用名词所有格,即在名词后加’s,故排除D项;若表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名词后加’s;若表示各自所有,则需在各自名字后加’s,所以B项表达错误,故排除;而句子的名词mothers是复数形式,可知是蒂姆的妈妈和皮特的妈妈,即名词是分别属于两个人的,故排除C项,故选A。

15.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:这台计算机是艾米和莉莉的。

本题考查名词所有格。Amy's and Lily's艾米的和莉莉的,两个人各自的电脑,这里的主语是单数,不符合语境。故排除。Amy and Lily艾米和莉莉,指人,不符合语境。Amy's and Lily艾米的和莉莉,不符合语法; Amy and Lily's艾米和莉莉共同的。根据the computer可知,这是一台电脑,因此是两个人共同拥有的,故选D。

16.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:在周末Lily和Nick的母亲通常为他们做饭。mother是名词单数,这里是两个人的妈妈。Lily and Nick's mother表示莉莉和尼克的母亲;Lily’s and Nick's +名词复数,表示Lily 和Nick分别的母亲,这里后mother用复数形式。for是介词,后加代词宾格;their他们的;形容词性物主代词;them他们,宾格。根据题意,故选D。

17.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:事实上,她没有很多玩具。

考查动词和名词的复数。主语she是单数,在否定句中需要使用第三人称的助动词does,然后接动词原形“doesn’t have”。根据“many”判断后面用复数名词,玩具toy的复数需要加s 变成toys。故选C。

【点睛】

辅音字母加y结尾的名词,在变成复数形式时,需要将y变为i,再加es。例如factory变成factories。而toy中o是元音字母,所以名词toy的复数是规则变化,直接加s变成toys。18.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我过去在学校不受欢迎,但现在我走到哪里都受到很多关注。

考查used to的否定及修饰不可数名词的词的用法。分析第一处可知,此处表示“过去不”,即used to的否定形式,可用didn’t use to或used not to表示,排除A。many许多,修饰可数名词;tons of许多,即可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。分析第二处可知,此处修饰的是不可数名词attention,所以不能用many修饰。故选B。

【点睛】

used to,翻译为“过去常常”,否定形式可用didn’t use to或used not to表示。

19.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:袋子里有一些香蕉。一些羊肉在桌子上。考查系动词辨析题。some一些,后接复数名词或不可数名词。bananas是复数形式,系词需用are;mutton是不可数名词,系词需用is;根据句意语境,可知选D。

20.B

解析:B

【解析】

句意:我可以请您点菜了吗,先生?根据问句,确定答语表达的意思是“鸡肉加蔬菜,两碗米饭” Chicken表示鸡肉时,是不可数名词。可排出C,D选项;rice表示米饭时是不可数名词,但是修饰不可数名词的量词有单复数,所以“两碗米饭”用two bowls of rice,故正确答案是B。

21.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我想要买两袋面包。

考查不可数名词。bread面包,是不可数名词,排除A和B,不可数名词用量词修饰,当大于1时,量词用复数,排除C,故选D。

22.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意——你喜欢苹果吗?——是的,我喜欢。但是我儿子喜欢西红柿。

考查名词单复数变化。tomatos西红柿,错误形式;tomatoes西红柿,复数形式;tomato 西红柿,单数形式;banana香蕉;根据句意理解及前句的apples可知,这里表达的是喜欢某一类水果,所以这里应该用复数形式表达,所以这里排除C/D选项,而英语中“西红柿”的复数需要加es,所以只有B选项是正确的,故选B。

【点睛】

英语中以o结尾的名词变复数的规律要记住。一般情况下加s,但是有一些词是需要加es 的,有一个口诀是:黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)爱吃西红柿(tomato)和土豆(potato);常用的这四个词以o结尾复数一定要加es,做题时要注意。

23.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:众所周知,中国是世界上第一个造纸的国家。

考查非谓语动词。由序数词修饰的名词常用动词不定式作后置定语,paper为不可数名词。故选C。

24.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:这匹斑马是非洲的动物,它现在住在非洲。

考查名词及形容词的用法。Africa非洲。名词;African非洲的,形容词。第一空后有名词,所以应该用形容词,第二空在介词之后应该用表示国家的名词。故选B。

25.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——我能为你做什么?——呃,我想要一杯牛奶,一些面包和一些鸡肉。

考查不定代词辨析。some一些,后接复数名词或不可数名词,用于肯定句;any一些,后接复数名词或不可数名词,用于否定句。chicken鸡肉,不可数名词,无复数形式;本句是肯定句,and连接并列结构;根据上文“some bread一些面包”,可知选C。

人教版初中英语初中英语语法之一名词(通用版)

初中英语语法之一名词 名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness 等。普通名词又可分为下面四类: 1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。 2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。 3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。 4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词(mCountable Nouns),物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。归纳一下,名词的分类可以下图表示:||专有名词 || | 名| | 个体名词 | | || || 可数名词| || | 集体名词 || ||普通名词 || | | 词 | | 物质名词 | | || || 不可数名词| || | 抽象名词 || 1.1 名词复数的规则变化 ___________________________________________________ 情况构成方法读音例词 _________________________________________________ _ 一般情况加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/;map-maps 2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/;bag-bags car-cars __________________________________________________ _ 以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词加 -es读 /iz/bus-buses watch-watches ______________________________________________ __ __ 以ce,se,ze, (d)ge等结尾的词加 -s读 /iz/license-licenses __________________________________________________ _ 以辅音字母+y变y 为i 结尾的词再加es读 /z/baby---babies 1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化 1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数: 如:two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较:层楼:storey ---storeys story---stories 2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时: a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos; b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c. 均可,如:zero---zeros / zeroes 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时: a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs; b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves; c. 均可,如:handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves

(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案

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二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词;不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中,可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词,不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念,不能用具体的数字来表示,视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物,因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰,一般也视为不可数名词。

eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:

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