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初中英语语法专项习题1名词

初中英语语法专项习题1名词
初中英语语法专项习题1名词

初中英语语法专项习题

一、名词(n.)表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词

(一)名词的分类

名词分为

普通名词

专有名词:表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如:Tom,the Great Wall,the Spring Festival,France,the United States, China,UFO

其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词可用作单数,也可用作复数。

可数名词包括

个体名词(表示一类人或物的个体。如:boy,desk,cat,window)

集体名词(由若干个体组成的集合体。如:family,class,police)

不可数名词包括

物质名词,表示无法分为个体的实物。如:air,baggage,bread,butter,clothing,furniture,glass,grass,ice,money,paper, sugar,soap,rice,water,silk

抽象名词(表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。如:advice,behaviour,dust,fun,homework,luck,news,trouble,weather,work,happiness,music,difficulty,housework)

(二)名词的数

1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种:

(1)一般情况下,在词尾加s.

eg.book——books,dog——dogs,pen——pens,boy——boys

以轻辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为[s],以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为〔z〕。

(2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加es.

eg.beach——beaches,brush——brushes,bus——buses,box—boxes(es读音为〔iz〕

(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加es.

eg.city——cities,family——families,documentary——documentaries,country——countries, strawberry——strawberries(ies读音为[iz])

(注:以“元音字母(a e i o u)+y”结尾的词,直接在词尾加-s.eg.boys,holidays,days)

(4)以o结尾的名词,变复数时情况如下:

①,黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿. negro ——negroes,hero—heroes ,potato—potatoes,tomato—tomatoes,

②结尾是两个元音字母的加s,eg.zoo—zoos,radio——radios

③某些外来词变复数时词尾加s,eg. piano—pianos

④一些名词的缩写形式变复数时,词尾加s,

eg.photo(photograph)——photos,kilo(kilogram)kilos

⑤zero变复数时,既可加s,也可加eg.zeros/zeroes

(5)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,先把f或fe变为v,再加es.

eg.wife——wives,leaf leaves,half——halves,knife—knives,thief——thieves(res读音为[vz]

(注意:roof的复数为roofs;scarf的复数为scarfs/scarves)

(6)有些名词由单数变复数时,不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换其中的字

eg.man——men,woman——women,policeman——policemen,Englishman——Englishmen,Frenchman——French men, foot——feet, tooth——teeth, child——children,mouse—mice,Ox—Oxen(公牛)

(7)还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。

eg.Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish

(8)另一些名词本身即是复数形式,不可用作单数。

eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes,scissors

另外,①当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时,这个名词一般用单数。

eg.an apple tree,five apple trees,a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister

但是,当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时,就要用其复数形式。

eg.two men teachers,three women doctors

②可用“量词+of+名词复数”这一结构表示可数名词的数量。

eg.a room Of students,two boxes Of pencils

2.不可数名词一般没有复数形式,它的“量”的表示方式如下。

(1)表不定数量时,一般用much,(a)little,a lot of/lots of,some,any等词修饰。

eg,much money,a little bread

(2)表确定数量时,一般用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如:two/three/…+量词复数十of+不可数名词。

eg.a bag Of rice,two glasses Of milk,four bottles Of water,a pear of shoes,a piece of paper

3.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词,但词义有所不同。

eg:fruit水果——fruits表示不同种类的水果;food食物——foods各种食品;fish鱼——fishes鱼的种类;drink 饮料、酒——a drink一杯/一份饮料、一杯酒;cloth布——,a cloth桌布、抹布;sand沙——sands沙滩;tea 茶——a tea一杯茶;chicken鸡肉——a chicken小鸡;orange橘汁——an orange橘子;glass玻璃——a glass玻璃杯,glasses眼镜;paper纸——a paper试卷、论文;wood木头——a wood小森林;room空间、余地——a room 房间

(三)名词的所有格(表示人或物的所属关系)

(1)有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。

①不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时,在词尾加’s.

eg.Mike’s watch;Women’s Day

②以s结尾的名词变成所有格时,只加’。

eg.teachers’office,students’rooms

③两个或两个以上名词并列,表示共同所有,只需在最后一个名词后加’s.

eg.Tom and Mike’s room汤姆和迈克的房间(表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房)

④两个或两个以上名词并列,表示分别所有,需在几个名词后都加’s.

eg.Mary’s and Jenny’s bikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车(表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车)(2)无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构

eg.a map Of China,the beginning Of this game,the door Of the room

(3)特殊形式

①可用’s和of短语表示的名词所有格

eg.the boy’s name=the name Of the boy(男孩的名字)

the dog’s legs=the legs of the dog(狗的腿)

China’s population=the population Of China(中国的人口)

China’s capital=the capital of China(中国的首都)

②双重所有格

eg.a fiend of my mother’s我妈妈的一个朋友

a picture of Tom’s汤姆的一张图片(照片上是Tom)

a picture of Tom 汤姆的一张图片(照片上并非Tom)

练习题1.( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test.

A. makes a few mistake

B. made a few mistakes

C. made few mistakes

D. makes few mistake

( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please?

A. potato

B. potatos

C. potatoes

D. potatoe

( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things.

A.Knife/used

B. Knives/used

B.C. Knife/using D. Knives/using

( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has!

A. tooth

B. teeth

C. tooths

D. toothes

( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___.

A. leafs

B. leaves

C. leaf

D. leave

( ) 6 -Can we have some ___?-Yes, please.

A. banana

B. oranges

C.apple

D. pear

( ) 7 On the table there are five____.

A.tomatos

B. piece of tomatoes

C. tomatoes

D. tomato

2

( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books.

A. ideas

B. photos

C. information

D. stories

( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit.

A.some advices

B.someadvice

C.an advice

D.a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news

( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is!

A. /

B. the

C. an

D. a

3

( ) 1 -Would you like___tea?

-No, thanks. I have drunk two____.

A. any, bottles of orange

B. some, bottles of orange

C. many, bottles of oranges

D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat.

A. two breads

B. two piece of bread

C. two pieces of bread

D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___.

A. two glasses of milk

B. two glass of milk I

C. two glasses of milks

D. two glass of milks

( ) 5 Can you give me ____?

A. a tea

B. some cup of tea

C. a cup tea

D. a cup of tea

( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought___for himself yesterday.

A. two pairs of shoes

B. two pair of shoe

C. two pair of shoes

D. two pairs shoes

4

( ) 1 -How many ____ have you got on your farm?

-I've got five.

A. sheeps

B. sheep

C. pig

D. chicken

( ) 2 Some ___ came to our school for a visit that day.

A. Germans

B. Germen

C. Germany

D. Germanies ( ) 3 In the picture there are many____ and two.

A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps; foxes

B. sheeps; fox D. sheep;foxs

( ) 4 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow.

A. Hungarian

B. Australian

C. Japanese

D. American 5

( ) 1 This table is made of___.

A. many glass

B. glasses

C. some glasses

D. glass ( ) 2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir?

-I'd like____. !

A. chicken

B. a chicken

C. chickens

D. the chicken ( )3 Children should make____for old people in a bus.

A. room

B. a room

C. rooms

D. the room

6

( ) 1 Tables are made of___.

A. wood

B. some woods

C. wooden

D. woods ( ) 2 I wonder why ______ are so interested in action (武打片) films.

A. people

B. peoples

C. the people

D. the peoples ( ) 3I have read____ of the young writer.

A. works

B. work

C. this works

D. the works

7

( ) 1 Let's meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of___?

A. the People's Park

B. the Peoples' Park

C. the People Park

D. People's Park

( ) 2 ___ Chinese people are ___ hard working people.

A. /; a

B. We; the

C. The; the

D. The; a

( ) 3 How many were there in the street when the accident happened?

A. policeman

B. polices

C. police

D. peoples

8

( ) 1 If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller____.

A. set

B. one

C. piece

D. pair

( ) 2 Last week I bought a TV____.

A. pair .

B. set

C. piece

D. block

( ) 3 There is a of wood left on the ground.

A. cup

B. piece ,

C. box

D. pair

9

( ) 1 There are sixty-seven___ in our school.

A.women's teacher

B. women teachers

B.C. woman teachers D. women teacher

( ) 2 There are five___in our factory.

A.woman driver B, women driver

C. woman drivers

D. women drivers

( ) 3 These ____ were sent to the villages to help the farmers.

A.women doctor

B. women doctors

C. woman doctors

D. woman doctor

10

( ) 1 They write most of their___ in English.

A.business letter

B. business letters

C. businesses

D. businesses letters

( ) 2 We came to a ___ at last .and went in.

A.watch shop

B. watches shop

C. watching shop

D. watchs shop

( ) 3 This shop sells apples, bananas and things like these. It's a___.

A.food shop

B. book shop

C. fruit shop

D. vegetable shop

( ) 4 She broke a___while she was washing up.

A.glass of wine

B. glass for wine

C. glass wine

D. wine glass

( ) 5 I've forgotten both of the____.

A.room numbers .

B. rooms number

C. rooms numbers

D. room number

11

1. September 10th is____in China.

A. Teacher's Day

B. Teachers'Day

C. Teacher Day

D. Teachers Day

( ) 2 -Is the broom under ____ desk? -No, it's under____.

A.the teacher's; my

B. teacher's; mine

C. teacher's; me

D. the teacher's; mine

( ) 3 Excuse me, where is the___?

A. men's room

B. mens' room

C. men's rooms

D. men rooms 12

( ) 1 The football under the bed is____.

A. Lily and Lucy

B. Lily's and Lucy's

C. Lily's and Lucy

D. Lily and Lucy's

( ) 2 This is my____dictionary.

A. sister Mary

B. sister's

C. sister, Mary's

D. sister's Mary's

( ) 3 He went to ___ shop to buy a shirt.

A. a tailor

B. the tailor

C. a tailors

D. the tailors' ( ) 4 Joan is____.

A. Mary's and Jack sister

B. Mary and Jack's sister

C. Mary and Jack sister

D. Mary's and Jack's sister 13

( ) 1 In a few____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.

A. year

B. years'

C. year's

D. years

( ) 2 It's about ___ walk from my house.

A. ten minute

B. ten minutes'

C. ten minute's

D. ten minutes

( ) 3 The post office is a bit far from here. It's

about_____.

A. thirty minutes's walk

B. thirty minute's walk

C. thirty minutes' walk

D. thirty minutes walk ( ) 4 Half___ telephone calls are made in English.

A. the world

B. world

C. the world's

D. world's

14

( ) 1 ____ face to the south.

A. Windows of the room

B. The windows of the room

C. The room's windows

D. The windows in room ( ) 2 Please take two___.

A. picture of the park

B. pictures of the park

C. the pictures of a park

D. picture of a park

( ) 3 The workers are repairing____.

A. the roof of the house

B. a roof of the house

C. roof of the house

D. this roof of house

15

( ) 1 Miss Smith is a friend of____.

A. Mary's mother's

B. Mary's mother

C. mother's of Mary

D. Mary mothers

( ) 2 This is a book of ___.

A. Tom

B. Tom's

C. her

D. him

( ) 3 The post card is sent by ____.

A. a friend of my father

B. a friend of my father's

C. my father friend

D. my father friend's

16

( ) 1 Sydney is a city of___.

A. America

B. Germany

C. Australia

D. Japan ( ) 2 My father likes buying us ___.

A. cars

B. flowers

C. peasants

D. presents

( ) 3 In England, the last name is the ___.

A. full name

B. family name

C. middle name

D. given name

( ) 4 Mr Gao is a teacher. He works in a new____. A. shop B. school C. factory D. hospital

17

( ) 1 My father is a____. He works in a hospital.

A. teacher

B. doctor

C. farmer

D. soldier

( ) 2 -Which animal lives only in China?

-The____. A. tiger B. monkey C. panda D. elephant

( ) 3 April come before___and after___.

A. March; May

B. May; March

C. June; May

D. March; February

( ) 4 Which of the following is right?

A. China has a large population.

B. China has much population.

C. China has many populations.

D. China has a great deal of population.

( ) 5 Please do like this. Fold the paper____ and cut along the fold.

A. into pieces

B. in half

C. on halves

D. to half ( ) 6 You played the violin wonderfully. Will you please play another____?

A. one

B. game

C. programme

D. piece

初中英语语法大全——名词

初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分;有其所有格形式;在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词,而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。

二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词;不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中,可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词,不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念,不能用具体的数字来表示,视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物,因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰,一般也视为不可数名词。

eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:

(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案

初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 (1)按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I(宾格)________ 2、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 3、us(主格)________ 4、they(宾格)________ 5、she(宾格)________ 6、you(名词性物主代词)________ 7、it(宾格)________ 8、my(复数)________ 9、him(复数)________ 10、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 11、we(单数)________ 12、they(名词性物主代词)________ 13、I(反身代词)________ 14、you(反身代词)________ 15、she(反身代词)________ 16、he(反身代词)________ 17、it(反身代词)________ 18、I(反身代词)________ (2)选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is(my / I)mother. 2. Nice to meet (your / you). 3.(He / His)name is Mark. 4. What’s(she / her)name? 5. Excuse(me / my / I). 6. Are(your / you)Miss Li? 7.(I/ My)am Ben. 8.(She / Her)is my sister. 9. Fine , thank(your / you). 10. How old is (he / his)? (3)用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. (4)填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊?是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。

最新初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练

一、选择题 1.—The milk shake tastes good .How do you make it? —It's easy, just follow the_________. A.discussions B.instructions C.resolutions D.directions 2.There are two________ near our school. A.shoe shops B.shoes shops C.shoe's shops D.shoes' shops 3.There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school. A.sports; shoe B.sports; shoes C.sport; shoe D.sport; shoes 4.—What does your mother have for dinner? — A.Chickens and tomato B.Chicken and tomatoes.C.Chicken and tomato.5.Do you know the three ______ under the tree? Their mothers are all ______in our school. A.boy students; woman teachers B.boy students; women teachers C.boys students; women teachers D.boys students; woman teachers 6.—Look.There’re lots of______her e. —Great.We can make______soup. A.egg;egg B.eggs;egg C.egg;eggs D.eggs;eggs 7.—It’s convenient(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car? —Yes. It’s said that_________is enough. A.two hours drive B.two-hours drive C.two hour’s drive D.two hours’ drive 8.The computer is _______________. A.Amy's and Lily's B.Amy and Lily C.Amy's and Lily D.Amy and Lily's 9.Thanks for the two _______________you gave(给)to me. A.tape player B.tapes players C.tape players D.taper players 10.It's about ten __________ walk from here. A.minutes' B.minute's C.minutes D.minute of 11.—Kate, what do you have ____________ dinner? —I have some____________, And I like them very much. A./; chicken B.for; chicken C./; vegetables D.for; vegetables 12.________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A.Is, rooms B.Are, room C.Are, rooms D.Is, room 13.I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A.wasn’t used; many B.didn’t use; tons of C.used not; many 14.—How far is it from here to the hospital? —It’s about ride. A.fifteen minute’s B.fifteen minutes

初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练答案(5)

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