博士入学考试英语中常见的翻译词汇

分类词汇

homogeneous 同质的homo + gene +ous(＜＞heterogeneous)^ homo***ual, hetero***ual mainstream 主流主流的

dialect 方言(v.s. accent)

discrepancy 差异

misconception 误解(mis + concept + ion)= misunderstanding

barrier 障碍(物)~ bar, = barricade

discrimination 区别，歧视racial/***ual discrimination? discriminate (+against)

hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + y

insularity 岛国性质(? insular, ^island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.

microcosm 小天地micro + cosm(os)

nostalgia = homesickness

patriot 爱国者 (＜＞traitor)à patriotic, patriotism

notoriety 恶名 (? notorious)

counterpart 对应人，对等物Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in China?^ counterculture, counterbalance

peer 同等的人凝视，窥视(~ peep)

subordinate 下级下级的＜＞superior

tactics 战术，技巧v.s. strategy (战略，策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tactics

nuance a subtle difference in meaning

compatriot 同胞同胞的com + patriot

vernacular 本地的，本国的本地话，本国话the vernacular languages of India

Hispanic An American whose first language was Spanish

immigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)

antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”

permeate 渗透，弥漫Smoke permeated the house.

entrepreneur 企业家 (~ enterprise)à entrepreneurship

practitioner 开业者，从业者praction(practice) + er

celebrity a famous person= luminary, VIP

proxy 代理人

anecdote 轶事(à anecdotal)

benchmarking 类比分析

punctual 准时的，守时的(à punctuality)

absenteeism 旷工absent à absentee à absenteeism

flextime 弹性工作时间flex(flexible) + time

harass 骚扰(à harassment)Mary said that Gary had ***ually harassed her.

redundancy 冗余，冗员network redundancy

downsize 裁员 (~ lay off)

ballot 投票(= vote)

impartial 不偏不倚的(＜＞partial)

lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)

dubbing 配音录制

vogue 时尚^ chic

bizarre 奇异的v.s. weird (怪异的)

mediocre 平庸的

dietitian 饮食学家 (~ diet)

connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家^ entrée, a la carte

shortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen à (v.)

equilibrium 平衡，均衡

questionnaire 调查表，问卷

quantitative 定量的 (＜＞qualitative)

contingency 偶然性，偶然事件

incur 招致incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recur

ethical 伦理的，符合伦理的~ ethics, ＜＞unethical

dubious 疑惑的，可疑的(~ doubt)People were dubious about the result.

manifestation 显示，证明(? manifest)

subtitle 字幕，副标题(sub + title)^ subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts

考博英语翻译中可能涉及的热点词汇

总裁助理assistant president

综合治理comprehensive treatment

安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents

信息化information-based;informationization

智力密集型concentration of brain power;knowledge-intensive

外资企业overseas-funded enterprises

下岗职工laid-off workers

分流reposition of redundant personnel

三角债chain debts

素质教育education for all-round development

豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects

社会治安情况law-and-order situation

民族国家nation state

台独"independence of Taiwan"

台湾当局Taiwan authorities

台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots

台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part ofthe Chinese territory.

西部大开发Development of the West Regions

可持续性发展sustainable development

风险投资risk investment

通货紧缩deflation

扩大内需to expand domestic demand

计算机辅助教学computer-assisted instruction(CAI)

网络空间cyberspace

虚拟现实virtual reality

网民netizen(net citizen)

电脑犯罪computer crime

电子商务the e-business

网上购物shopping online

应试教育exam-oriented education

学生减负to reduce study load

下岗laid-off workers

下海plunge into the commercial sea

下网off line

小康之家well-off family;comfortably-off family

新秀up-and-coming star,rising star

新新人类New Human Being；X Generation

信息港info port

形象小姐/先生image representative of a product or a brand 虚拟网virtual net

学生处students'affairs division

研究生毕业证/学位证graduate diploma/graudate degree'sdiploma 摇钱树cash cow

以人为本people oriented;people foremost

义务教育compulsory education

易拉罐pop can

应试教育examination-oriented education system

舆论导向direction of public opinion

运球dribble

在职博士生on-job doctorate

早恋puppy love

招生就业指导办公室enrolment and vocation guidance office

证券营业部stock exchange;security exchange

知识产权intellectual property rights

中专生secondary specialized or technical school student

中流砥柱mainstay,chief corner stone

专卖店exclusive agency;franchised store

自我保护意识self-protection awareness

综合国力comprehensive national strength

综合业务数字网integrated service digital network(ISDN)

公正、公平、公开just,fair and open

好莱坞大片Hollywood blockbuster

黄金时段prime time

假唱lip-synch

劲射power shot

拉拉队cheering squad

来电显示电话机caller ID telephone

论文答辩(thesis)oral defense

泡沫经济bubble economy

票贩子scalper,ticket tout

拳头产品competitive products;knock-out products;blockbuster

三角恋爱love triangle

三维动画片three-dimensional animation

"扫黄"、"打非"eliminate pornography and illegalpublications

申办奥运会bid for the Olympic Games

实现中华民伟大复兴bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinesenation

市场疲软sluggish market

素质教育education for all-around development

筒子楼：tube-shaped apartment

脱贫致富cast(shake,throw)off poverty and set out on a road toprosperity 网吧Internet bar

网恋online love affair

网上冲浪surf the Internet

网上交易平台online trading platform

网友net friend

无人售票self-service ticketing

无绳来电显示电话cordless telephone with caller ID

无线应用协议WAP（wireless application protocol）

附录: 英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组

一、政治类：

把…捐给慈善机构donate …to charities

把…看成社会公敌look upon … as a threat to society

把…列为基本国策list…..as fundamental national policies

把…作为指导take… as the guide

把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice …

把握大局grasp the overall situation

摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness

保护妇女权利不受侵犯guarantee (protect) women’s rights against infringement

采取各种措施adopt various measures

参政、议政participate in the management of State affairs 充满信心和力量be filled with confidence and strength

打破僵局break the deadlock

打破禁区break off a forbidden zone

得出结论draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion

锻造一支人民军队forge a people’s army

对…具有深远的影响have a far-reaching impact on

对…做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )contributions to

反对各种形式的恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrorism

反腐倡廉combat corruption and build a clean government 高举伟大旗帜hold high the great banner

给…带来机遇和挑战present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to

根除(防止,消除)腐败root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption

观察当今世界observe the present-day world

缓和紧张状况ease the tension

回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle

加快改革步伐accelerate the speed of reform

加强舆论监督ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public

opinion

坚持改革开放政策adhere to the reform and open policy

坚持统一，反对分裂，增加persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase

了解，化解歧见 understanding and iron out differences

减轻农民负担alleviate farmer’s burden

解放思想emancipate our minds

解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing

解决新问题resolve new problems

进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the world

进入新时期enter a new period

进行和谈hold peace talks

进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment

就…接受妥协accept a compromise on

开发西部remake the west

开始生效go into effect (enter into force)

开拓前进open up new ways forward

科教兴国rejuvenate our country through science and education

理顺关系rationalize the relationship

履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations

迈出重要的一步make an important step

热爱和平love peace

深化改革deepen the reform

审时度势size up the situation

实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity

实现民族独立realize national independence

实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes

实现小康目标 achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable

life

实现中华民族伟大复兴bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

实行新政策practice new policies

受到全世界广泛关注attract extensive attention worldwide

缩小差别bridge (narrow) the gap

完成中华民族的振兴大业implement the revitalization of our nation

维护世界和平maintain world peace

吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations

下放权力给delegate the management of ... (to ...) production (commercialize laboratory achievements)

退还大量钱款give back an amount of money

脱贫致富cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to

prosperity

完善服务perfect services

为…带来多种经济和社会效益bring multiple economic and social benefits to…

为…提供巨大商机present huge business opportunities

吸收游资absorb idle fund

吸引外商投资attract foreign investment

下海plunge into the commercial sea

陷入困境land oneself in deep trouble

向…投资巨额资金invest huge amounts of money into

消灭假冒伪劣产品wipe out fake products

以经济建设为中心focus on the central task of economic construction

以质量求生存、求发展、求效益strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of equality

优胜劣汰select the superior and eliminate the inferior

优先发展公共运输give priority to the development of public transportation

有巨大潜力have huge potential for

与国际市场接轨integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market

在…建立分公司set up branches in

造成很大压力pose a big pressure on

造成损失cause a loss to

增加农业投入invest more in agriculture

占领市场10% occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market 招商引资attract (bid for, invite) investments (from overseas)

制订…法律make a law of

制定优惠政策work out favorable policy

制造假象create smoke screens to do

阻碍…的经济发展handicap (hamper) the economic development

阻止人才流失stop the talent flight (brain drain)

遵循市场经济的规律follow the law of market economy

三、文化生活类

把…列为世界自然文化遗产list …as a world natural he ritage site

摆架子(摆谱儿) put on airs (show off, keep up appearances)

保护文化遗产protect cultural heritage (relics)

博采各国文化之长draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries

不注重历史neglect history

采取保护态度take protective attitude

承担应有的义务undertake the due obligations

承前启后，继往开来build on the past and prepare for the future, inherit the past and usher in the future

充分发挥知识分子的积极性give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals

和创造性

触击现行法律的盲区touch a blank area of the existing law

创建卫生城市build a nationally advanced clean city

辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new (ring out the old

year and ring in the new)

从事电子商务工作conduct e-commerce

促进儿童身心健康发展promote the healthy development of children both physically

and mentally

促进交流promote the communication

促进文化市场健康发展facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products

促进相互了解enhance (further) mutual understanding

得到群众的广泛支持enjoy grass-root support

抵住…的诱惑resist the temptation of

对…持欢迎态度take a welcoming attitude to

对…情有独钟show special preference (favor) to

发挥…的聪明才智develop one’s own talents and wisdom

发挥潜力tap one’s potential

繁荣文学艺术enable literature and art to flourish promote flourishing

literature and art

反映中国的灿烂文化reflect the rich culture of China

放下架子relinquish haughty airs (get off one’s high horse, throw off

one’s airs)

腐蚀人的灵魂poison one’s mind

改进教学improve teaching and learning

给学生减负alleviate the burden on students

和…持相同观点share views similar to

互派访问学者exchange visiting scholars

激发旅游热情stimulate enthusiasm for traveling

继承历史文化优秀传统carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history carry

on the fine historical and cultural traditions

加强文化基础设施建设build more cultural establishments

讲诚信，反欺诈honor credibility and oppose cheating

交换意见exchange views (ideas, opinions)

教书育人impart knowledge and educate people

经受住暴风雨的考验weather the storm

精心编写教材compile the textbooks with great care

净化因特网purify the Net

举办文化节(展览会) hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals (an exhibition)

举行学术会议hold an academic meeting

开创假日经济initiate Holiday Economy

开发潜力exploit one’s potential

开阔视野wi den one’s vision (horizon)

开设课程offer courses

开展对外文化交流conduct cultural exchange with other countries

开展群众性文化活动carry out mass activities on culture

攀登事业的高峰climb one’s career ladder

评估学业成绩evaluate academic scores (achievements)

破除迷信eradicate superstition

普及九年制义务教育make nine-year compulsory education universal

普及科普知识，传播科学popularize scientific and technological knowledge, spread

思想，倡导科学精神scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit

启发学生enlighten the students

容纳三千名旅客accommodate 3000 passengers

扫除文盲eliminate (wipe out) illiteracy

上网get on (have access to, be wired to) Internet

实施以德育为核心、以创新carry on the quality education centering on moral education 挑选选手 choose players

同教练反应一致 share the same reaction with their coach

为奥林匹克运动做出贡献make contribution to the Olympics movement and world peace

卫冕世界冠军regain world champion

吸引中国大学生优秀选手attract China’s top university pla yers

向世界顶级球队学习learn from the world’s top teams

与对手较量 take on an opponent

与强队竞争 compete with strong teams

增进友谊 strengthen friendship

展示技能 demonstrate their skills

展示中国足球的最新发展demonstrate (show) the latest development of China’s soccer

支持北京申办2008年奥运会support Beijing’s bid for the 2008 Olympic Games

主办奥运会host the Olympic Games

主办中国大学生篮球联赛sponsor the China University Basketball Association league 抓住练习和学习的机会 grasp the chance to practise and learn

响应号召respond to the call

修改法律amend the laws

宣布…召开announce the opening of

徇私枉法bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends 依法治国govern the country according to law

引起全国的关注arouse the concern of the whole nation

引起全世界广泛关注attract extensive attention worldwide

赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another

在…中起(至关)重要作用play a major (crucial, an important ) role in

增强凝聚力enhance the rally power

增强综合国力和国际竞争enhance comprehensive (overall) national strength and international competitiveness

展望伟大征程look into the great journey

展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality

战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties

振兴西部revive the west

振兴中华民族rejuvenate (revitalize) our nation

政企不分mix up the functions of the government and enterprises

政企分开separate government functions from enterprise management

政务公开make government affairs public

主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to take action

抓住机遇seize the opportunity

转变政府职能transform (shift) the government functions

追求进步pursue progress

追求真理seek the truth

走进新时代march (stride) into the new era.

遵纪守法、廉洁奉公observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform one's official duties

遵循规则follow the principles

二、经济类

爱岗敬业cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work 保持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy

保持国有股keep the State-held shares

保证下岗职工的基本生活guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers

被指控接受贿赂be accused of accepting bribes

采取不同的办法adopt various methods

采取反垄断措施take anti-monopoly measures

承担风险bear (take) risk

筹集足够的资金raise enough funds (capital, proceeds)

创收外汇earn foreign exchange (currency)

刺激国内经济需求spur domestic demand

刺激国内需求stimulate domestic demand

从粗放经济转变为集约经济shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

从国外引进先进技术和管理introduce from abroad the advanced technology and

经验 management expertise

促进地区间的合作promote regional cooperation

促进改革promote reform

促进全球经济一体化foster integration with the global economy

打黑crack down on speculation and profiteering

打假take strong measures against fake and shoddy products

(crack down on counterfeit goods)

打破垄断break the monopoly

对…提出控告(投诉) lodge complaints against…

对…造成(构成)威胁form (pose) a threat to…

夺回失去的市场take back lost market

发挥自身优势give full play to one’s advantages

防范和化解金融风险take precautions against and reduce financial risks 改善投资环境improve the environment for investment

赶超先进surpass the advanced

给…带来积极影响bring a more positive impact on…

根据市场作出调整gear ourselves to the market orientation

公证财产notarize the properties

和…达成(签订)协议reach (sign) an agreement with

和…进一步合作further cooperation with

和…有合作关系have cooperative ties with

活跃市场enliven the market

集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development

计算出准确的工资水平figure out an exact salary level

加快经济发展和结构调整speed up economic development and restructuring

加快竞争步伐accelerate the competition

加快努力speed up efforts

加强风险防范prepare oneself against possible risks

加强管理reinforce the management

减缓通货紧缩的压力ease the seriousness of deflation

减轻…的负担reduce (lighten) the burden of (on)

减员增效downsize for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency

剪彩cut the ribbon

解除劳动关系sever labor relation

解放生产力emancipate the productive forces (free the productivity)

精简机构streamline government organs

竟争上岗compete for the post

举报非法行为disclose any illegal activities

开辟更多渠道open more channels

开发(青睐)中国市场tap (favor) the Chinese market

开拓市场exploit markets

控制通货膨胀control inflation (keep inflation under control)

扩大贫富差距widen the gap between the rich and the poor

扩大消费市场expand consumption market

留职停薪retain the job but suspend the salary

面对可能的压力和竞争face possible pressure and competition

牟取暴利seek excessive profits

平衡经济(的发展) balance economy

取缔非法收入ban unlawful incomes (illegal earnings)

让…处于同一起跑线put… on the same platform and at the same starting point

让位于竞争需要give way to the need for competition

申请专利apply for a patent

实现目标realize the goal

适应…的发展adapt oneself to the development of

损失惨重suffer great losses

缩小不平衡状态decrease the imbalance

缩小…间的距离narrow the gap between

提高公务员工资raise the salaries of civil servants

提高管理水平raise the management level

提高居民生活improve residents’ standard of living

调整产业结构adjust the industrial structure

推广科研成果turn laboratory achievements into commercial (mass

精神和实践能力为重点的 and emphasizing creativity and practice

素质教育

使英语达到更高水平push one’s English to a higher level

受到…的关注receive attention from

疏导游客divert tourists

疏通关系lubricate relationships

树立企业良好形象foster a good and healthy company image

刷卡, 划卡punch the card; stamp the card

陶冶情操cultivate one’s taste (temperament)

提倡文明的生活方式advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life)

提高公务员的综合素质improve the overall quality of civil servants

提高全民反毒品的意识raise the consciousness of the entire people vs. drugs

提高知名度raise one’s prestige

提供受教育机会offer a chance of education

通过资格考试pass qualification examinations

透过现象看本质see through the appearance to perceive the essence

推动人类文明进步push forward human civilization

挖墙脚undermine the foundation of sth. (cut the ground from under

sb’s feet)

物质文明,精神文明一起抓pay equal attention to (place equal emphasis on) the material progress and cultural (ethical) progress

相互促进help each other forward

向世界展示中国文化建设introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to

的成就the world

向学生传授知识impart knowledge to students

消除误解clear up misunderstanding

消除愚昧eliminate ignorance

形成文明、健康、崇尚科学form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice 的社会风尚

以全新的面貌进入新世纪enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look

因材施教teach students according to their aptitude

引起激烈争论spark a hot debate

营造良好的文化环境create a healthy cultural environment

影响身心健康affect physical and psychological health

有力地推动教育的发展give a big push to the development of education

与各国人民交往communicate with people of all countries

增强自我保护意识strengthen one’s awareness of protecting one’s right

找工作hunt for a job

值得重视(关注) deserve one’s attention

制止盗版软件control the pirated software

重视(优先考虑)教育发展give priority to the development of education

重视实用性place stress on practicality

尊重知识，尊重人才respect knowledge and respect competent people

四、科技环保类

帮助减缓全球变暖速度help slow down the pace of global warming

保持生态平衡keep ecological balance

保持水土preserve soil and water

保护和改善生活和生态环境protect and improve the living environment and the

保护珍稀野生动植物protect rare wild animals and plants

保留为自然耕地reserve as natural farmland

采用环保技术adopt environmental protection technique

采用新的开采方法 apply new exploitation methods

参加城市重建participate in the reconstruction of the city

参加环保运动take part in environmental protection activities

产生巨大的水文效应produce great hydrological effects

崇尚绿色生活方式pursue a “green” life

创造良好的生态环境create a pleasant ecological environment

促进城市可持续发展promote the sustainable development of the city

发展太阳能 develop solar energy

防治污染prevent and control pollution

非常注重保护森林 pay great attention to the conservation of forest

改善生态环境improve the eco-environment (ecological environment)

关闭化工厂 close chemical plants

加大污染治理力度 strengthen pollution control

加强城市绿化strengthen the greening of the city

加强环境保护strengthen environmental protection

加强生态建设improve the eco-construction

加强水土保持reinforce the conservation of water and soil

坚持门前三包制度adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area”

减少机动车辆reduce the number of vehicles

减少浪费 reduce waste

揭开人类生命的奥秘decode the secret of human life

进一步加快环保规划further speed up environmental protection plans

禁止露天焚烧prohibit burning out in the open

开展保护野生动物宣传教育advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals 开展绿色活动advocate green activities

扩建管道网络expand the pipe network

普及环保知识popularize environmental protection knowledge

窃取密码snatch password

窃取知识产权lift intellectual property

实行严格的机动车排放标准implement strict vehicle emission standards

使电脑死机crash computers

使用再生纸 use recycle paper

探索…的奥秘probe the mysteries of

淘汰或改造燃煤锅炉eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers

提高环境管理水平raise the environmental management level

提高居民的环保和生态意识improve residents’ environmental and ecologica l awareness

提高清洁能源的比重increase the supply of clean energy resources

投放电脑病毒unleash viruses

完善城市基础设施建设 perfect the construction of urban infrastructure

为大量野生动植物提供栖息地 provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants

为人类提供水和食物supply water and food for human beings

享受国家一级保护enjoy first-class protection of the State

削减污物排放decrease the disposal of pollutants

抑制传染病的传播strain the spread of infectious diseases

引发一系列的问题 result in a series of problems

预防爱滋病蔓延prevent the widespread of AIDS

增强环境意识enhance the awareness of the importance of (raise the consciousness about) environmental protection

战胜非典defeat SARS

治理沙地和水土流失问题 tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion

注重节约资源attach importance to saving resources

五、人口类

不服从父母 disobey their parents 倡导人力资源管理 advocate the management of human resources

调查性和婚姻状况 conduct a survey on sex and marriage 对子女寄予厚望 pin great hopes on their children 反映人们的私生活reflect people’s private lives 鼓励创建文明家庭encourage the idea of “Civilized Families”

过孤独的生活lead an isolated life 坚持计划生育的基本国策 stick to the basic state policy for family planning

进行全国人口普查carry out national population census 禁止他人作克隆人的实验 inhibit others from doing human cloning experiments

开辟人类历史新纪元start a new chapter in the history of human

控制人口数量(增长) control the population size (growth)

实现向低出生、低死亡、低bring about a transition to the modern population reproduction 自然增长的现代人口再生 pattern characterized by a low birth rate, low death rate and

产类型的转变 low natural growth rate

损害人类社会的道德观 damage the morality of human society

缩小代沟 narrow the gap

提倡晚婚晚育encourage late marriage and late childbirth

提出离婚 ask for a divorce

提高人口素质improve the population quality

维护和促进人民的生存权safeguard and promote the people’s rights to subsistence and

和发展权 development

维护人权和不断改善人权状况safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation

享受优越的生活条件enjoy good living condition 显示明显的差异 display a marked difference 优化人口结构optimize the population structure 优生优育bear and rear better children

占总人口的10% account for 10% of the total population

造成不同的思想和观念 result in a different ideology and concepts 造福人类和科学 benefit mankind and science

正确处理经济发展同人口、correctly handle the relationship of economic development

资源、环境的关系 versus (with) population，natural resources and environment

征求父母的意见ask for her parents’ opinion 挣零花钱 earn their pocket money 重视人口老年化问题pay attention to the problem of an aging population 逐渐削弱长辈的权威undermine the authority of the older generation 尊重和保障人权respect and guarantee human rights

六、体育类

避开与…比赛avoid playing against

标志一个历史时刻 mark a historic time

表现完美 give some very good performance

剥夺冠军strip the gold medal of somebody

采取新的计分方法 adopt a new scoring system

参加火炬接力participate in the torch-relay

参加热身赛 take part in a key warm-up game

参加申办活动participate in the bidding campaign

超过世界记录surpass the world record

成为国家的骄傲 become the pride of the nation

创新世界纪录set a new world record

达到国际体育标准 reach the standard for international games

打败比利时队defeat Belgium

打破恶性循环break the wretched cycle

打破世界纪录beat (break, cut) the world record (for …)

担任中国国家队主教练 serve as the head coach of the Chinese national team

夺冠take the crown

反对使用兴奋剂 oppose the use of performance-enhancing drugs

符合举办奥运会的要求 meet the requirements of hosting the Olympic Games

更具进攻性 become more aggressive

鼓舞队员的士气boost the morale of the team members

获得认可 gain recognition

获得团体冠军win the team title

激发中国青年的雄心壮志fuel the ambitions of Chinese youths

急于获胜 gain an eagerness to win

建立职业联赛和俱乐部set up a professional league and clubs

角逐世界杯 compete for the World Cup

满意抽签结果satisfy with the draw

面对强手 face strong rivals

鸣笛终止比赛blow a whistle to stop the end of the match

配备各种设施furnish and equip with all facilities

取得经验 gain experience

取得世界杯决赛资格qualify for the World Cup finals

确保中国进入决赛ensure China’s appearance in the final

申奥bid (apply) for being the host country of the Olympics

失去男子单打冠军miss out on men’s singles gold

实现零的突破fulfill the zero (gold medal, medal, etc) breakthrough

使其他选手相形见绌dwarf other athletes

使生命焕发活力wake up one’s life

使中国以3∶2取胜 give the Chinese a 3-2 victory

提出比赛建议make comments on the contests

提高中国队的水平 raise the level of the Chinese team

精神和实践能力为重点的 and emphasizing creativity and practice

素质教育

使英语达到更高水平push one’s English to a higher level

受到…的关注receive attention from

疏导游客divert tourists

疏通关系lubricate relationships

树立企业良好形象foster a good and healthy company image

刷卡, 划卡punch the card; stamp the card

陶冶情操cultivate one’s taste (temperament)

提倡文明的生活方式advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life)

提高公务员的综合素质improve the overall quality of civil servants

提高全民反毒品的意识raise the consciousness of the entire people vs. drugs

提高知名度raise one’s prestige

提供受教育机会offer a chance of education

通过资格考试pass qualification examinations

透过现象看本质see through the appearance to perceive the

essence

推动人类文明进步push forward human civilization

挖墙脚undermine the foundation of sth. (cut the ground from under

sb’s feet)

物质文明,精神文明一起抓pay equal attention to (place equal emphasis on) the material progress and cultural (ethical) progress

相互促进help each other forward

向世界展示中国文化建设introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to

的成就the world

向学生传授知识impart knowledge to students

消除误解clear up misunderstanding

消除愚昧eliminate ignorance

形成文明、健康、崇尚科学form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice

的社会风尚

以全新的面貌进入新世纪enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look

因材施教teach students according to their aptitude

引起激烈争论spark a hot debate

营造良好的文化环境create a healthy cultural environment

影响身心健康affect physical and psychological health

有力地推动教育的发展give a big push to the development of education

与各国人民交往communicate with people of all countries

增强自我保护意识strengthen one’s awareness of protecting one’s right

找工作hunt for a job

值得重视(关注) deserve one’s attention

制止盗版软件control the pirated software

重视(优先考虑)教育发展give priority to the development of education

重视实用性place stress on practicality

尊重知识，尊重人才respect knowledge and respect competent people

四、科技环保类

帮助减缓全球变暖速度help slow down the pace of global warming

保持生态平衡keep ecological balance

保持水土preserve soil and water

保护和改善生活和生态环境protect and improve the living environment and the

保护珍稀野生动植物protect rare wild animals and plants

保留为自然耕地reserve as natural farmland

采用环保技术adopt environmental protection technique

采用新的开采方法 apply new exploitation methods

参加城市重建participate in the reconstruction of the city

参加环保运动take part in environmental protection activities

产生巨大的水文效应produce great hydrological effects

崇尚绿色生活方式pursue a “green” li fe

创造良好的生态环境create a pleasant ecological environment

促进城市可持续发展promote the sustainable development of the city

发展太阳能 develop solar energy

防治污染prevent and control pollution

非常注重保护森林 pay great attention to the conservation of forest

改善生态环境improve the eco-environment (ecological environment)

关闭化工厂 close chemical plants

加大污染治理力度 strengthen pollution control

加强城市绿化strengthen the greening of the city

加强环境保护strengthen environmental protection

加强生态建设improve the eco-construction

加强水土保持reinforce the conservation of water and soil

坚持门前三包制度adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area”

减少机动车辆reduce the number of vehicles

减少浪费 reduce waste

揭开人类生命的奥秘decode the secret of human life

进一步加快环保规划further speed up environmental protection plans

禁止露天焚烧prohibit burning out in the open

开展保护野生动物宣传教育advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals 开展绿色活动advocate green activities

扩建管道网络expand the pipe network

普及环保知识popularize environmental protection knowledge

窃取密码snatch password

窃取知识产权lift intellectual property

实行严格的机动车排放标准implement strict vehicle emission standards

使电脑死机crash computers

使用再生纸 use recycle paper

探索…的奥秘probe the mysteries of

淘汰或改造燃煤锅炉eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers

提高环境管理水平raise the environmental management level

提高居民的环保和生态意识improve residents’ environmental and ecological aware ness

提高清洁能源的比重increase the supply of clean energy resources

投放电脑病毒unleash viruses

完善城市基础设施建设 perfect the construction of urban infrastructure

为大量野生动植物提供栖息地 provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants

为人类提供水和食物supply water and food for human beings

享受国家一级保护enjoy first-class protection of the State

削减污物排放decrease the disposal of pollutants

抑制传染病的传播strain the spread of infectious diseases

引发一系列的问题 result in a series of problems

预防爱滋病蔓延prevent the widespread of AIDS

增强环境意识enhance the awareness of the importance of (raise the consciousness about) environmental protection

战胜非典defeat SARS

治理沙地和水土流失问题 tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion

注重节约资源attach importance to saving resources

五、人口类

不服从父母 disobey their parents 倡导人力资源管理 advocate the management of human resources

调查性和婚姻状况 conduct a survey on sex and marriage 对子女寄予厚望 pin great hopes on their children 反映人们的私生活reflect people’s private lives 鼓励创建文明家庭encourage the idea of “Civilized Families”

过孤独的生活lead an isolated life 坚持计划生育的基本国策 stick to the basic state policy for family planning

进行全国人口普查carry out national population census 禁止他人作克隆人的实验 inhibit others from doing human cloning experiments

开辟人类历史新纪元start a new chapter in the history of human

控制人口数量(增长) control the population size (growth)

实现向低出生、低死亡、低bring about a transition to the modern population reproduction 自然增长的现代人口再生 pattern characterized by a low birth rate, low death rate and

产类型的转变 low natural growth rate

损害人类社会的道德观 damage the morality of human society

缩小代沟 narrow the gap

提倡晚婚晚育encourage late marriage and late childbirth

提出离婚 ask for a divorce

提高人口素质improve the population quality

维护和促进人民的生存权safeguard and promote the people’s rights to subsistence and

和发展权 development

维护人权和不断改善人权状况safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation

享受优越的生活条件enjoy good living condition 显示明显的差异 display a marked difference 优化人口结构optimize the population structure 优生优育bear and rear better children

占总人口的10% account for 10% of the total population

造成不同的思想和观念 result in a different ideology and concepts 造福人类和科学 benefit mankind and science

正确处理经济发展同人口、correctly handle the relationship of economic development

资源、环境的关系 versus (with) population，natural resources and environment

征求父母的意见ask for her parents’ opinion 挣零花钱 earn their pocket money 重视人口老年化问题pay attention to the problem of an aging population 逐渐削弱长辈的权威undermine the authority of the older generation 尊重和保障人权respect and guarantee human rights

六、体育类

避开与…比赛avoid playing against

标志一个历史时刻 mark a historic time

表现完美 give some very good performance

剥夺冠军strip the gold medal of somebody

采取新的计分方法 adopt a new scoring system

参加火炬接力participate in the torch-relay

参加热身赛 take part in a key warm-up game

参加申办活动participate in the bidding campaign

超过世界记录surpass the world record

成为国家的骄傲 become the pride of the nation

创新世界纪录set a new world record

达到国际体育标准 reach the standard for international games

打败比利时队defeat Belgium

打破恶性循环break the wretched cycle

打破世界纪录beat (break, cut) the world record (for …)

担任中国国家队主教练 serve as the head coach of the Chinese national team

夺冠take the crown

反对使用兴奋剂 oppose the use of performance-enhancing drugs

符合举办奥运会的要求 meet the requirements of hosting the Olympic Games

更具进攻性 become more aggressive

鼓舞队员的士气boost the morale of the team members

获得认可 gain recognition

获得团体冠军win the team title

激发中国青年的雄心壮志fuel the ambitions of Chinese youths

急于获胜 gain an eagerness to win

建立职业联赛和俱乐部set up a professional league and clubs

角逐世界杯 compete for the World Cup

满意抽签结果satisfy with the draw

面对强手 face strong rivals

鸣笛终止比赛blow a whistle to stop the end of the match

配备各种设施furnish and equip with all facilities

取得经验 gain experience

取得世界杯决赛资格qualify for the World Cup finals

确保中国进入决赛ensure China’s appearance in the final

申奥bid (apply) for being the host country of the Olympics

失去男子单打冠军miss out on men’s singles gold

实现零的突破fulfill the zero (gold medal, medal, etc) breakthrough

使其他选手相形见绌dwarf other athletes

使生命焕发活力wake up one’s life

使中国以3∶2取胜 give the Chinese a 3-2 victory

提出比赛建议make comments on the contests

提高中国队的水平 raise the level of the Chinese team（共19页）

00832英语词汇学1107全国试题

全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30 %) 1. Grammarians insist that a word be a __________ form that can function in a sentence. ( ) A. small B. large C. fixed D. free 2. In the earliest stage of English, the written form of a word should ________ that of the oral form. ( ) A. agree with B. disagree with C. be the same as D. be different from 3. ____________consists of technical terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas as in medicine, mathematics, etc. ( ) A. Terminology B. Jargon C. Slang D. Argot 4. Social, economic and political changes bring about such new words as the followings EXCEPT_________. ( ) A. fast food B. TV dinner C. Mao jackets D. Watergate 5. Reviving archaic words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, “loan”, which was prevalent in the thirteenth century, was replaced by “ __________ ” in American English. ( ) A. own B. let C. rent D. lend 6. If we say that Old English was a language of __________ endings, Middle English was one of leveled endings. ( ) A. full B. short C. long D. paralleled 00832# 英语词汇学试卷第1页共6页

博士英语单词

Unit 1 1.to have early memory（记忆）of 2.the entire previous history of humankind （人类） 3.due principally (chiefly) to 4.to rescue (save) civilization from 5.the dread (fearful) shadow of diseases 6.the conscience(良心) and concern of scientists 7.driving forces (动力) 8.to advance/stimulate (promote) health 9.the amplification (增大) of the virus 10.tissue culture (培养) 11.killed and live attenuated (减弱) vaccines 12.national immunization (免疫) days 13.monitoring (监测) methods 14.the worldwide eradication(elimination) of polio 15.little reason for complacency (自满) 16.microbial (微生物) enemies 17.temporary (暂时) victories 18.be adept (good, skillful) at developing new defenses 19.to facilitate (使便利) the spread of epidemics 20.political and economic mismanagement (管理不善) 21.the deprivation (poverty) of populations 22.to address (reduce) the largest disease burden 23.major scourges (灾祸) such as malaria and AIDS 24.in an interdisciplinary (跨学科的) way 25.talented (有才能的) young scientists 26.to underwrite (support) their mission 27.the stunning pace (speed, rate) of change 28.the potential, passion, and perception (洞察力) of scientists 29.need to be tapped (explored) 30.to address (meet, satisfy) global health needs 31.to make deliberate (存心的) use of it 32.to bear (keep) in mind that 33.in this context (case) 34.strategically (战略上) placed on 35.the scientific underpinning (支柱) of policy 36.evidence-based (循证) policy 37.policy setting (establishment) 38.to bear on (影响) the well-being of people 39.a terminally ill patient (临终病人) 40.metastatic (转移) renal cancer 41.our beloved (热爱的) profession 42.our zeal (enthusiasm) for medical science 43.bedside (clinical) care 44.to conduct groundbreaking (突破的) research 45.a noble (崇高的) calling 46.an oral formulation (口服制剂) of morphine 47.bone metastasis (转移) 48.radicular (根的) pain 49.spinal (脊柱) root 50.to counsel (忠告/会诊) the terminally ill patient 51.to reflect upon (反省) my profession 52.caring and compassionate (有同情心的) 53.chemotherapeutic (化疗) agents 54.to shower their patients with genuine (true) love and compassion 55.the emotional and physical (身体的) support

翻译硕士考研英语翻译历年常考单词

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2019英语四级翻译常用词汇：教育词汇 成人夜校 night school for adults 在职进修班 on-job training courses 政治思想教育 political and ideological education 毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate 充电update one’s knowledge 初等教育 elementary education 大学城 college town 大学社区 college community 高等教育 higher education 高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education 高等学府 institution of higher education 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts 理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering 师范学院teachers’ college; normal college 高分低能 high scores and low abilities 高考(university/college) entrance examination 高校扩招 the college expansion plan

教育界 education circle 教育投入 input in education 九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education 考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 课外活动 extracurricular activities 必修课 required/compulsory course 选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic courses 专业课 specialized courses 课程表 school schedule 教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 学习年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学分 credit 启发式教学 heuristic teaching 人才交流 talent exchange 人才战 competition for talented people 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC) 适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age 升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate