翻译硕士英语考试试题

XX大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题

考试科目：（ 211 ）( 翻译硕士英语 )

适用专业：（ 0552 ）( 翻译 )

（答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题或其它纸上无效）

I. Multiple Choice (20*0.5 point)

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

1. You will be ______ the fine if you tell us who else was involved.

A. spared

B. revealed

C. forgiven

D. given

2. He has been ______ every mail as he cherishes a hope that one day his missing

brother will contact him.

A. watching out

B. watching at

C. watching for

D. watching in

3. Some people enjoy talking about their fears while others ______ being asked to

discuss their personal feelings.

A. refuse

B. decline

C. resent

D. promote

4. He was arrested and sentenced to 10 years’imprisonment for ______ several

crimes.

A. committing

B. making

C. conducting

D. undertaking

5. As you are married, you are required to fill in this form with the names of you and

your ______.

A. partner

B. spouse

C. husband

D. wife

6. In order to prevent corruption, the top leaders of government are required to announce their income ______.

A. on time

B. on cue

C. in public

D. at ease

7. With the development of our national economy, more and more people ______ the

market economy.

A. believe in

B. take on

C. put off

D. put on

8. The vegetarian restaurant makes its dishes resemble meat in every way except

______.

A. contents

B. insides

C. ingredients

D. Tastes

9. Nowadays, the ATM machine is very popular because people can get money almost

______ when the code number is put in.

A. instantaneously

B. spontaneously

C. intentionally

D. marginally

10. Students who always do things ______ might lack of creativity.

A. on the book

B. with the book

C. by book

D. by the book

11. The best moral ______ is that of conscience, the worst is the fear of punishment.

A. sanction

B. function

C. operation

D. acquisition

12. My friends and I don’t like to see his films because they have been criticized for

being ______ violent.

A. excitedly

B. overly

C. usually

D. absolutely

13. Some problem students who were always in low spirit were diagnosed as suffering

from ______ crisis.

A. identify

B. idealism

C. identity

D. status

14. We should carefully plan the process of negotiation and any ______ acts will be

harmful to the result.

A. impulse

B. impulsion

C. instinct

D. impulsive

15. Life was pure ______ last month; the children were ill and I had little money.

A. misery

B. merriness

C. mythic

D. merit

16. His friends ______ him on the back when he said he was getting married.

A. stroke

B. hit

C. beaten

D. slapped

17. Many people feel worried that foreign goods such as cars and appliances may

______ through the Chinese market after China enters the World Trade Organization.

A. run amok

B. run out

C. run off

D. run away

18. When kids become grown-ups and independent, they sometimes feel that their

mothers are ______ old women.

A. meddlesome

B. troublesome

C. dynamic

D. prudent

19. He is really jealous when his girlfriend ______ a friendship with another young

man.

A. strikes on

B. strikes at

C. strikes up

D. strikes with

20. He is so conservative that he is ______ with modern life.

A. out of fashion

B. out of step

C. going back

D. is based

II Cloze (10*1 point)

Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. Fill in each blank with the word in the following that best fits into the passage (fifteen choices are supplied). Write down your choices on the Answer Sheet.

Yet crime has certainly not decreased in ___1___ to the rise in imprisonment. Experts say the law of diminishing returns is ___2___ work here: As judges send more and more people to jail, a greater proportion of prisoners will ___3___ be less-frequent offenders. What’s ___4___, most criminologists agree ___5___ the steep rise in incarceration rates has been ___6___ largely by low-level drug offenders. Giving them more and longer ___7___ has done ___8___ to stop the drug trade, scholars say, since there always seem to be others ___9___ on the street to ___10___ their place.

III. Error Correction (10*1 point)

Directions: There is one error in each line marked in number, correct them and write the right on the Answer Sheet.

An outstanding example of hardwired capabilities with great

flexibility for programming by us is language. Specialists agree that

“the human brain genetically programmed f or language 1 development,” and that“speech can be explained only on the basis

of an innate language-processed capacity within our brain.” Unlike 2

the rigidity that is displayed in the instinct behavior of animals, 3 therefore, there is tremendous flexibility in a human’s use of this 4 hardwired capacity for language.

A specific language is not hardwired into our brains, and we are 5 preprogrammed with the capacity for learning languages. If two

language are spoken in the home, a child can learn both. If exposed 6

to the third language, the child can learn it also. One girl was 7

exposed to a number of langu8ges from babyhood. By the time she

was five she spoke eight fluently. In the view of such innate abilities 8

it is not surprise that a linguist said that chimpanzee experiments 9

with sign language “actually prove that chimps are capable of even 10

the most rudimentary forms of human language.”

IV. Reading (40 points)

Section One Reading Comprehension (30*1 point)

Passage 1

David Frost ——Autobiography

David Frost

Looked at one way, it is faintly ludicrous that Sir David Frost should be writing his autobiography already. That he should have written just the first 30 years’ worth might be thought strange. Here he is, not yet 55 years old, producing a volume of 528 pages that takes us no further than l969.

It is, true, the period of his life that established his name and fortune, that swift rise from undergraduate cabaret turn to star host on both sides of the Atlantic, joint founder of an ambitious ITV company and long since able to invite show business stars, business tycoons and a British Prime Minister to breakfast at three days’ notice. (An event recalled in his book with such empty indifference that you cannot decide

whether the comprehensive name-dropping is intended to impress or just a habit. ) And yet David Frost, a significant figure in British television, certainly in the rapidly changing environment of the 1960’s, remains something of a mystery. Never far from positions of influence, wealthier from his broadcasting activities than all but the biggest moguls, he is in many ways on the edge of things.

His book, like his career, perhaps, is as fascinating as it is unsatisfactory. The 1ength is due to its liberal resort to program transcripts, which yield verbatim exchanges with his many interviewees as well as detailed recall of the highs and lows of That Was The Week That Was and the scripting process that achieved them.

The private Frost is to be caught only in passing, as he remains true to his preface: “Where there was a choice between a ’60s tale and a personal one I have tried always to include the former.”

The outcome is, I think, an insider’s book, dependent on remembering the times or knowing the people. But at that level, it is highly suggestive of its era, offers a view from a unique angle, yields some new insights -- into the formation of London Weekend Television, for instance ——and earns its place in the history of British Television. Like its author.

1. The autobiography covers the author’s

A. last thirty years.

B. life after 1969.

C. life before 1969

D. first 55 years.

2. David Frost is

A. an inf1uential TV host.

B. a famous movie star.

C. an ambitious politician.

D. a fascinating novelist.

3. The autobiography is described as an insider’s book because it requires a knowledge of

A. all his personal experiences.

B. his unique insights into British history.

C. the development of British television.

D. what was really happening in the 1960s.

Passage 2

He Came in on Cat Paws

Quietly, almost unnoticed by a world sunk into the Great Depression, Germany on Jan. 30, l933, was handed to a monster. Adolf Hitler arrived, not in jackboots at the head of his Nazi legions but on cat paws, creeping in the side door.

The president, Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg, 85 and doddering, hated Hitler and all he represented. In 193l, after their first meeting, Hindenburg said Hitler “might become minister of posts but never chancellor”. In l932 Hitler challenged Hindenburg. The president ——Protestant, Prussian, a conservative monarchist -- won with the votes of Socialists, Unions, Centrist Catholics and Liberal Democrats.

Hitler ——Catholic, Austrian and a former tramp-carried upper ——class Protestants, Prussian landowners and monarchists.

Nearly senile and desperate for any way to establish order in the fractious environment, Hindenburg fel1 prey to intriguers. Papen began plotting to bring himself to power and his supposed friend Schleicher to the top of the army. Papen offered Hindenburg a government with Hitler’s support but without Hitler in the cabinet. Hindenburg made Papen chance11or and Schleicher defense minister.

In the July 1932 parliamentary elections, the Nazis won 230 of 608 seats, and Hitler demanded the chancellorship; Hindenburg refused. Papen lost a confidence vote in August, and his government fell after losing in the fourth election in a year in November. Schleicher, whose very name means “intriguer”, turned on Papen, persuading Hindenburg to name him chancellor. Hitler’s propagandist Joseph Goebbels noted: “He won’t last long.”

To get revenge, Papen proposed sharing power with Hitler in January 1933; Hitler agreed, but with Papen as vice chancellor. Ever eager for order, Hindenburg shifted once again and fired Schleicher. “I am sure,”the president said “I shall not regret this action in heaven. Schleicher replied bitterly, “After this breach of trust, sir, I am not sure you will go to heaven.” Schleicher would later say: “I stayed in power only 57 days, and on each and every one of them I was betrayed 57 times. Don’t ever speak to me of German loyalty!

At noon on Jan. 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was sworn in as chancellor. Within one month, the Reichstag burned and civil liberties were suspended. Within two months, the Enabling Act stripped parliament of power and made Hitler dictator. On April 1, Hitler decreed a boycott of Jewish business. On April 4, he created the Reich Defense Council and began secretly rearming Germany. On July 14, Hitler made the Nazi Party “the only political party in Germany”.

As they sowed, so they reaped. In the Blood Purge of 1934, a Nazi SS squad murdered Kurt von Schleicher in the doorway of his home. Franz von Papen lingered on, so powerless an errand boy for Hitler that he was acquitted at the Nuremberg trials.

4. The author says that Hitler came into power “On cat paws” because

A. he seized power illegally.

B. he seized power by military force.

C. he quietly took advantage of the internal conflict.

D. he cleverly took advantage of the Depression.

5. Hitler first asked to be made chancellor when

A. Papen lost a confidence vote.

B. Hitler had won a third of the votes.

C. Hindenburg fired Schleicher.

D. Schleicher was fired.

6. The chancellor was held by

A. Papen, Schleicher, and then Hitler.

B. Schleicher, Papen, and then Hitler.

C. Hindenburg, Schleicher, and then Hitler.

D. Hindenburg, Papen, and then Hitler.

Passage 3

Mercedes-Benz Gets Turned Upside down

Iris Rossner has seen eastern Germany customers weep for joy when they drive away in shiny, new Mercedes-Benz sedans. “They have tears in their eyes and keep saying how lucky they are,”says Rossner, the Mercedes employee responsib1e for post-delivery celebrations. Rossner has also seen the French pop corks on bottles of champagne as their national f1ag was hoisted above a purchase. And she has seen American business executives, Japanese tourists and Russian politicians travel thousands of miles to a Mercedes plant in southwestern Germany when a classic sedan with the trade mark three-pointed star was about to roll off the assemb1y line and into their lives. Those were the good economic miracle of the l960s and ended in l99l.

Times have changed. “Ten years ago, we had clear leadership in the market,”says Mercedes spokesman Horst Krambeer. “But over this period, the market has changed drastically. We are now in a pitched battle. The Japanese are part1y responsible, but Mercedes has had to learn the hard way that even German firms like BMW and Audi have made efforts to rise to our standards of technical proficiency.”

Mercedes experienced one of its worst years ever in 1992. The auto maker’s worldwide car sales fell by 5 percent from the previous year, to a low of 527, 500. Before the decline, in 1988, the company could sell close to 600,000 cars per year. In Germany alone, there were 30, 000 fewer new Mercedes registrations last year than in 1991. As a result,production has plunged by almost 50,000 cars to 529,400 last year, a level well beneath the company’s potential capacity of 650, 000.

Mercedes’competitors have been catching up in the United States, the world’s largest car market. In 1986, Mercedes sold l00, 000 vehicles in America; by 1991, the number had declined to 59,000. Over the last two years, the struggling company has lost a slice of its US market share to BMW, Toyota and Nissan. And BMW outsold Mercedes in America last year for the first time in its history. Meanwhile, just as Mercedes began making some headway in Japan, a notorious1y difficult market, the Japanese economy fell on hard times and the company saw its sales decline by 13 percent in that country.

Revenues will hardly improve this year, and the time has come for getting down to business. At Mercedes, that means cutting payrolls, streamlining production and opening up to consumer needs--revolutionary steps for a company that once considered itself beyond improvement.

7. The author’s intention in citing various nationalities’ interests in Mercedes is to illustrate Mercedes’

A. sale strategies.

B. market monopoly.

C. superior quality.

D. past record.

8. Mercedes is having a hard time because

A. it is lagging behind in technology.

B. Japan is turning to BMW for cars.

C. its competitors are catching up.

D. sales in America have dropped by 13%.

9. In the good years Mercedes could sell about

A. 527,500 cars.

B. 529,400 cars.

C. 600,000 cars.

D. 650,000 cars.

10. What caused the decline of Mercedes’ sales in Japan?

A. Japan is a very difficu1t market.

B. The state of the economy there.

C. Competition from other car companies.

D. BMW and Audi’s improved technical standards.

Passage 4

What our society suffers from most today is the absence of consensus about what it and life in it ought to be. Such consensus cannot be gained from society's present stage, or from fantasies about what it ought to be. For that the present is too close and too diversified, and the future too uncertain, to make believable claims about it. A consensus in the present hence can be achieved only through a shared understanding of the past, as Homer’s epics p informed those who lived centuries later what it meant to be Greek, and by what images and ideals they were to live their lives and organize their societies.

Most societies derive consensus from a long history, a language all their own, a common religion, common ancestry. The myths by which they live are based on all of these. But the United States is a country of immigrants, coming from a great variety of nations. Lately, it has been emphasized that an asocial, narcissistic (自我陶醉的) personality has become characteristic of Americans, and that it is this type of personality that makes for the lack of well-being, because it prevents us from achieving consensus that would counteract a tendency to withdraw into private worlds. In his study of narcissism, Christopher Lasch says that modern man, “tortured by self consciousness, turns to new therapies not to free himself of his personal worries but to find meaning and purpose in life, to find something to live for”. There is widespread distress because national morale has declined, and we have lost an earlier sense of national vision and purpose.

Contrary to rigid religions or political beliefs, as are found in totalitarian (极权主义) societies, our culture is one of great individual differences, at least in principle and in theory. But this leads to disunity, even chaos. Americans believe in the value of diversity, but just because ours is a society based on individual diversity, it needs

consensus about some dominating ideas more than societies based on uniform origin of their citizens. Hence, if we are to have consensus, it must be based on a myth ——a vision ——about a common experience, a conquest that made us Americans, as the myth about the conquest of Troy formed the Greeks. Only a common myth can offer relief from the fear that life is without meaning or purpose. Myths permit us to examine our place in the world by comparing it to a shared idea. Myths are shared fantasies that form the tie that binds the individual to the members of his group. Such myths help to ward off feelings of isolation, guilt, anxiety, and purposelessness ——in short; they combat isolation and the breakdown of social standards and values.

11. In the author’s view, the greatest trouble with the US society lies in the

A) lack of serious disagreement over the organizations of social life.

B) non-existence of unanimity on the forms the society should take.

C) general denying of its conformity with what it was unexpected to be.

D) public negation of the consensus on how to conduct social reforms.

12. Homer’s epics mentioned in Paragraph 1 exemplify the fact that

A) the present is varying too fast to be caught up easily.

B) the future may be so indefinite as to be unpredictable.

C) the past can help to shape a consensus in the present.

D) the past determines social moralities for later generations.

13. The a social personality of Americans results from

A) the multiracial constituents of the US society.

B) the absence of a common religion and ancestry.

C) the want of shared myths they possess in life.

D) the obstruction of achieving a general agreement.

14. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that Christopher Lasch is most probably

A) an earnest nationalist. B) an advanced psychologist.

C) a radical reformer. D) a social historian.

15. The author concludes that only shared myths can help Americans .

A) to bring about the uniformity of their culture.

B) to diminish their great individual differences.

C) to avoid the sense of being isolated and anxious.

D) to regain the feelings of social values and morale.

Passage 5

Genetic engineering holds great potential payoffs for farmers and consumers by making crops resistant to pets, diseases, and even chemicals used to kill surrounding weeds. But new research raises concerns that altering crops to withstand such threats may pose new risks ——from none other than the weeds themselves. This is due to the weed’s ability to acquire genes for the neighboring agricultural crops. Researchers

found that when a weed cross-breeds with a farm-cultivated relative and thus acquires new genetic traits ——possibly including artificial genes engineered to make the crop hardier the hybrid (杂交) weed can pass along those traits to future generations.

“The result may be very hard, hard-to-kill weeds,”said Allison Snow, a plant ecologist at Ohio state university in Columbus who conducted the experiments over the past six years along with two colleague. They presented their results last week at the annual meeting of the Ecological Society of America in Madison, Wisconsin. The findings suggest the genetic engineering done with the aim of improving crops ——giving them new genetic traits such as resistance to herbicides (chemicals which kill weeds) or pest ——could ultimately have unintended and harmful consequences for the crops if weeds acquire the same trait and use it to out compete the crops. “Gene movement from crops to their wild relatives is an ongoing process that can be u1timately harmful to crops,” said Snow.

“The results of the experiments challenge a common belief that hybrids gradually die out over several generations,”Snow explained. “There has been an assumption that genes would not persist in crop-weed hybrids because hybrids are thought to be less successful at reproducing,”she said. However, Snow’s research contradicted his assumption: Hybrid wild radishes survived in all six generations that were grown since the study began.

Although the genetic traits the scientists monitored were natural and not genetically engineered, the findings nonetheless suggest that artificial improvements introduced into crops through genetic engineering could spread to weeds and become permanent traits of the weed population.

So strengthened, the weeds may pose a serious risk to the long-term health of agricultural crops. The danger exists in a number of crops plants ——including rice, sunflower, and carrots ——that are closely related to weeds with which they compete. Snow is concerned that the transfer of genes from crops to related weeds could rapidly render many herbicides ineffectual. That situation, she said, would be much like bacterial disease acquiring resistance to antibiotics.

Because plant hybrids arise in a single generation, however, it could happen much more quickly.

“Modern agriculture is heavily dependent on herbicides,”she said, “so people will notice when those do not work anymore.”

16. The word “This” (Line 4, Para. 1) refers to

A) the results of recent research B) dangers inherent in the nature of weeds

C) risk of altering crop’s genetic make-ups

D) threats posed by chemical used to kill weeds

17. According to the passage, genetic engineering can be used to

A) kill weeds through cross-breeding B) make crops free from chemicals

C) improve the yield and quality of most crops

D) make crops resistant to chemical fertilizers

18. Genetically modified crops could have harmful effects because

A) genetically modified plants can bring new diseases

B) genetically modified plants are likely to develop into weeds

C) gene movement between cultivated plants and wild ones is inevitable

D) hybrids are generally more successful at breeding than natural plants

19. The potential that some weeds may do serious harm to genetically modified plants is greatest for

A) crops who rely on herbicides and pesticides for effective harvests

B) areas in which cross-breeding is kept to a minimum

C) agricultural crops grown for their grains

D) crops that are intimately related to their weeds

20. According to the author, the main impact gene transfer between crops and weeds could have is

A) the rapid deve1opment of unintended plant hybrids

B) the development of pest-and-herbicide-resistant weeds

C) the collapse of the agricultural industry D) the dying-out of hybrids

Passage 6

Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.

As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with sub-millimeter accuracy ——far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.

But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves ——goals that pose a real challenge. “while we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,”says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at

NASA, “we can not give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world.”

Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of optimism in the l960s and l970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 20l0, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.

What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain's roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented ——and human perception far more complicated ——than previously imagined. They have built robot that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 Percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer system on earth can not approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still do not know quite how we do it.

2l. Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in

A) the use of machines to produce science fiction.

B) the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry.

C) the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work.

D) the elite’s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work.

22. The word “gizmos” (Line 1, Para. 2) most probably means

A) devices. B) experts. C) programs. D) creatures.

23. According to Paragraph 3, what is beyond man's ability now is to design a robot that

A) can fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery.

B) can respond independently to a changing world.

C) can have a little common sense. D) can interact with human beings verbally.

24. According to the passage, which of the following can robots do now?

A) Make a few decisions for themselves.

B) Deal with some errors with human intervention.

C) Improve factory environments. D) Cultivate human creativity.

25. The author uses the example Of a monkey to argue that robots are

A) expected to copy human brain in internal structure.

B) able to perceive abnormalities immediately.

C) best used in a controlled environment.

D) far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information.

Passage 7

On an average of six times a day, a doctor in Holland practices “active”euthanasia: intentionally administering a lethal drug to a terminally ill patient who has asked to be relieved of suffering. Twenty times a day, life-prolonging treatment is withheld or withdrawn when there is no hope that it can affect an ultimate cure. “Active”euthanasia remains a crime on the Dutch statute books punishable by l2 years in prison. But a series of court cases over the past l5 years has made it clear that a competent physician who carries it out will not be prosecuted.

Euthanasia, often called “mercy killing”, is a crime everywhere in Western Europe. But more and more doctors and nurses in Britain, West Germany, Holland and elsewhere readily admit to practicing it, most often in the “passive”form of withholding or withdrawing treatment. The long simmering euthanasia issue has lately boiled over into a sometimes fierce public debate, with both sides claiming the mantle of ultimate righteousness. Those opposed to the practice see themselves up-holding sacred principles of respect for life, while those in favor raise the banner of humane treatment. After years on the defensive, the advocates now seem to be gaining ground. Recent polls in Britain show that 72 percent of British subjects favor euthanasia in some circumstances. An astonishing 76 percent of respondents to a poll taken late last year in France said they would like the law changed to decriminalize mercy killings.

Reasons for the latest surge of interest in euthanasia are not hard to find. Europeans, like Americans, are now living longer. The average European male now lives to the age of 72, women to almost 80. As Derek Humphrey, a leading British advocate of “rational euthanasia”says, “lingering chronic diseases have replaced critical illnesses as the primary cause of death.”

And so the euthanasists have begun to press their case with greater force. They argue that every human being should have the right to “die with dignity”, by which they usually mean the right to escape the horrors of a painful or degrading hospitalization. Most advocates of voluntary euthanasia have argued that the right to die should be accorded only to the terminally and incurably ill, but the movement also includes a small minority who believe in euthanasia for anyone who rationally decides to take his own life.

That right is unlikely to get legal recognition any time in the near future. Even in the Netherlands, the proposals now before Parliament would restrict euthanasia to a small number of cases and would surround even those with elaborate safeguards.

26. According to Paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT true?

A) “Active” euthanasia is regarded as a crime by Dutch law.

B) The doctor who carries out euthanasia will be charged.

C) An unqualified doctor carrying out euthanasia will be accused.

D) “Active” euthanasia executives will be sentenced to 12 years imprisonment.

27. Euthanasia is often called “mercy killing”, which implies that

A) people should show sympathy for a terminally ill patient.

B) some doctors murder patients shielding themselves from mercy.

C) humane treatment to dying patients should be required.

D) the dying patients are suffering from the pain and they don't want to live on.

28. “Boiled over” (Line 4, Para. 2) means

A) burst (into). B) make the water hot enough to boil.

C) cause great anger. D) fight one another.

29. Most advocates of voluntary euthanasia hold that

A) only terminally ill patients can have euthanasia.

B) if anyone who rationally decides to end his life, he can have euthanasia.

C) people should respect for life.

D) no matter what punishment they get, they’ll carry out euthanasia to patients.

30. The author’s attitude towards euthanasia is

A) positive. B) negative. C) objective. D) uncertain.

Section Two Reading and Completing or answering (5*2 points)

In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”.

If the process goes too far and man's role is regarded as less important ——and that has happened in some cases ——we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.

It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism”——but we don't want to exchange it for a “Neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit ——nor all the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman's place is in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it, nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.

The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.

Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or

trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is connected not only with a healthy democracy, but also with a healthy family.

Questions:

l. It can be inferred from the passage that in families where notions of male superiority Prevail household tasks are mainly shouldered by .

2. According to the passage, is characteristic of the world we are living in.

3. Why is it necessary to reassess the role of the man in the family?

4. According to psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family, women’s role in bringing up children has been somewhat .

5. Why is it difficult to lay down rules for all families to observe to ensure equality in the family?

V. Composition (30 points)

You are asked to write an essay within about 400 words on the topic of Learning by Experiencing.

2018上外英语mti回忆版真题

上外考研2018翻译硕士英语真题（回忆版） 一、阅读，回答问题（哲学类，3页5面，四个问题，40分） 标题： Barney's case Study of philosophy knowledge Barney’s case of the study of history of philosophy? （Barney's case for the history of philosophy）……（正文不明） 问题： 1.What are the reasons Barney cite for the study of history by thre e goroups o f people? 2.According to the passage, what are Martin Lin's interpretation about philosphers? 3.How does the author comment on the men's innate thirst for kn owledge? 4.Sum up how the author writes about Barney and Martin Li n’s discussion on philosophical progress 二、Writing. 800words,60分 Digital Humanities in the New Era

上外考研2018英语翻译基础（真题）（回忆版） 一、汉译英，翻译划线部分，70分 对中国90后，00后深入骨髓的剖析 现如今的家庭教育之难，难在什么地方？难在我们的教育有太多的悖论和问题需要面对。各位父母，我先问你们一个问题，你了解现在的孩子吗？我在这个问题上很有发言权，因为近20年来，我大概接触了8000个家庭案例。当今的孩子是怎么回事？当今的孩子是什么人？我们要从本质上来把握。假如我们不能从本质上来把握，学校教育也好，家庭教育也好，都不会在点子上。 从1993年以后孩子们就开始不一样了。为什么这么说呢？理由是1993年中 国取缔了粮票，这件事情年纪大的是不是还记得？在中国这样一个国家里面，取缔了粮票意味着什么？我们吃饭不愁了。当一个民族吃饭不愁，尤其是到我们这样的民族吃饭不愁的时候，我们会愁什么呢？我们的需要开始变得不一样了，人对人的需要不一样了，家长对孩子的需要不一样了，社会对人的需要不一样，人对社会的需要不一样了。 我们来看1993年以后的人的基本特征，首先，他们都是独套公寓里的独子。独 套公寓里的独子有什么样的人生感受呢？你可以去试试，到春天的时候，买一只刚刚生出来的小鸡，养着它，给它好吃好喝，你看看是不是两个礼拜以后小鸡就死掉了，因为小鸡也会孤独。现在的孩子带着天生的孤独感来到这个世界。那么孤独会有哪些麻烦？一，人一孤独，无端伤感，莫名其妙流眼泪；二，人一孤独，思考力就变得非常强，所以麻烦就来了，既不思考吃，又不思考穿，他就过早地思考了一个终极问题，最高哲学问题，“我存在有什么意义？”我们现在的孩子，连四岁的孩子就会在那里发呆了，你不知道他小脑袋里想什么。一旦人有这种问题，痛苦就伴随着他了。所以我们教育面对的问题是我们得知道自己的子女是什么人，才可以有方向。 第一，当今的孩子背负着沉重的情感负担

翻译硕士英语模拟题1解析

翻译硕士英语 Part one; multiple choice 1-5 CCABD 6-10 AACAD 11-15 BCDCD 16-20 CAACB Part two: reading and comprehension 21-25 BCDCA 26-30 DDCBC 31-35 BDCAD https://www.sodocs.net/doc/a56370622.html, and fashion magazines 37. Developing eating disorders 38. impossibly proportioned 39. 3 years 40. make money Part three: essay University Education is Essential to One's success It is not an uncommon phenomenon that many people become successful without a formal college education, some typical examples of which are Bill Gates, chairman of Microsoft; Li Jiacheng, a Hong Kong billionaire and Hua Luogeng, a world-class mathematician. This leads some people to believe that a person can achieve great success without a formal education and that the qualifications a successful person needs cannot be acquired through the study in university or other institutions of similar nature. It cannot be denied that there do exist such examples in every country; however, I can hardly share the above point of view for several reasons In the first place, a college or university is a specialized institution of higher learning where people can receive systematic and scientific training in a certain field, which paves the way for their future career. With the advent of the era of knowledge-based economy, a man without a sound academic background can hardly accomplish anything. Only in universities and other institutions of higher learning can he/she master the professional knowledge and relevant skills essential to his/her career. Secondly, it is wise to learn at another man's cost. We can benifit much from the invaluable experience and knowledge handed down from our ancestors and draw a lesson from the failure of our predecessors so as to avoid detour. Thirdly, when in university, one also has to learn to communicate and cooperate with teachers and fellow students, during which one cultivates friendship and acquires the interpersonal skills, both of which are conductive to one's future career and success. University is said to be a miniature society. Last of all, there are innumerable successful people who attribute their achievements to a formal university education. It is no wonder that so many parents spare no efforts to send their children to colleges and universities.

《翻译硕士英语》样题、答案

翻译硕士《翻译硕士英语》样题 I. Vocabulary and grammar (30’) Multiple choice Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet. 1. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to _________ against the local authorities’ decision to build a highway across the field. A. contradict B. reform C. counter D. protest 2. The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _________. A. minority B. scarcity C. rarity D. minimum 3. Professor Johnson’s retirement ________ from next January. A. carries into effect B. takes effect C. has effect D. puts into effect 4. The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to ________ government spending. A. finance B. expand C. enlarge D. budget 5. The heat in summer is no less _________ here in this mountain region. A. concentrated B. extensive C. intense D. intensive 6. Taking photographs is strictly ________ here, as it may damage the precious cave paintings. A. forbidden B. rejected C. excluded D. denied 7. Mr. Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _________. A. pull back B. pull up C. pull through D. pull out 8. Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customer’s _________ rather than the company’s. A. benefit B. availability C. suitability D. convenience 9. The priest made the ________ of the cross when he entered the church. A. mark B. signal C. sign D. gesture 10. This spacious room is ________ furnished with just a few articles in it. A. lightly B. sparsely C. hardly D. rarely 11. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can. A. would be B. will have been C. was D. were 12. With some men dressing down and some other men flaunting their looks, it is really hard to tell they are gay or _________. A. straight B. homosexual C. beautiful D. sad 13. His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting. A. so as to B. such as to C. such to D. as much as to 14. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday. A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D. came 15. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. A. I was and always will be B. I have to be and always will be C. I had been and always will be D. I have been and always will be 16. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have to install _________ solar heating device in our home. A. some type of B. some types of a C. some type of a D. some types of 17. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ________ the journey in exactly two days. A. must take B. must have made

英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编88

英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编88 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、词语翻译(总题数：27，分数：50.00) 1.英译汉 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 2.civil law （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：民法) 解析： 3.mass transit （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：公共交通；大容量公共运输(工具)) 解析： 4.wage theory （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：工资理论) 解析： 5.mock epic （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：讽刺史诗) 解析： 6.counterespionage （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：反间谍活动) 解析： 7.high seas （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：公海；远海) 解析： 8.CYO （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：首席元老(Chief Yearly Officer)) 解析： 9.irrigation and drainage （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：灌溉与排水) 解析：

2016年上外MTI最全真题汇总首发(三科全有!!)

2016上外翻硕英语基础真题 I.Cloze Here's why the'American century'will survive rise of China In1941,Time editor Henry Luce proclaimed“the American century”.Some now see this coming to an end1.as a result of the nation’s economic and political decline.Many point to the example of US failure to convince its allies to stay out of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank,Beijing’s rival to the World Bank;but this was2.more of an example of a faulty decision than evidence of decline,which raises the question of what is the natural life cycle of a nation. A century is generally the limit for a human organism,but countries are social constructs. Rome did not collapse until more than three centuries after it reached its apogee of power in 117AD.After American independence in1776,Horace Walpole,the British politician, lamented that his nation had been reduced to the level of Sardinia,just as Britain was about to enter the industrial revolution that3.powered its second century as a global power. Any effort at assessing American power in the coming decades should 4.take into account how many earlier efforts had been wide of the mark.It is chastening to remember how wildly5.exaggerated US estimates of Soviet power in the1970s and of Japanese power in the1980s were.Today,some see the Chinese as10feet tall and proclaim this“the Chinese century”. China’s size and relatively rapid economic growth will bring it closer to the US in terms of its power resources in the next few decades.But this does not necessarily mean it will surpass the US in military,economic and soft power. 6.Even if China suffers no big domestic political setback,many projections are simple linear extrapolations of growth rates that are likely to slow in the future. 7.Moreover,economic projections are one dimensional.They ignore US military and soft power advantages,such as the desire of students around the world to attend US universities.They also overlook China’s geopolitical 8.disadvantages in the Asian balance of power,compared with America’s relations with Europe,Japan and India,which are likely to remain more favourable. It is not impossible that a challenger such as China,Europe,Russia,India or Brazil will surpass the US in the first half of this century,but it is not likely. On the question of absolute rather than9.relative American decline,the US faces serious problems in areas such as debt,secondary education,income in equality and political gridlock, but these are only part of the picture.On the positive side of the ledger are favourable trends in demography,technology and energy as well as abiding factors such as geography and entrepreneurial culture. The scenarios that could10.precipitate decline include ones in which the US overreacts to terrorist attacks by turning inwards and thus cuts itself off from the strength it obtains from openness.Alternatively,it could react by overcommitting itself and wasting blood and treasure as it did in Vietnam and Iraq. As an overall assessment,describing the21st century as one of American decline is inaccurate and misleading.Though the US has problems it is not in absolute decline,unlike ancient Rome,and it is likely to remain more powerful than any single state in coming decades.

上海外国语大学mti英语翻译硕士考研真题

一、翻译硕士英语（211） 1.选择题（20*1') 考单词为主，后面有几道语法。单词以专八词汇为主，少量的gre词汇。 2.阅读（20*1'） 四篇阅读，个人觉得很简单，文章很短，只有一面的长度吧，用专八阅读练习足够了。 3.改错（10*1'） 比专八改错简单、前几年考的是修辞和英美文化常识、或古希腊神话典故。 4.作文（50分，500字） 谈谈你对happiness的定义。 二、英语翻译基础（357）

1.英译汉（75分） 该部分选取的是卢梭的《爱弥儿》（Emile, or On Education）部分文章，主要选自《爱弥儿》第三卷第一节。全文1000多字，共11段，但题目只要求翻译划线部分，总计翻译872字，共6段。完整原文如下： The whole course of man's life up to adolescence is a period of weakness; yet there comes a time during these early years when the child's strength overtakes the demands upon it, when the growing creature, though absolutely weak, is relatively strong. His needs are not fully developed and his present strength is more than enough for them. He would be a very feeble man, but he is a strong child. What is the cause of man's weakness? It is to be found in the disproportion between his strength and his desires. It is our passions that make us weak, for our natural strength is not enough for their satisfaction. To limit our desires comes to the same thing, therefore, as to increase our strength. When we can do more than we want, we have strength enough and to spare, we are really strong. This is the third stage of childhood, the stage with which I am about to deal. I still speak of childhood for want of a better word; for our scholar is approaching adolescence, though he has not yet reached the age of puberty. About twelve or thirteen the child's strength increases far more rapidly than his needs. The strongest and fiercest of the passions is still unknown, his physical development is still imperfect and seems to await the call of the will. He is scarcely aware of extremes of heat and cold and braves them with impunity. He needs no coat, his blood is warm; no spices, hunger is his sauce, no food comes amiss at this age; if he is sleepy he stretches himself on the ground and goes to sleep; he finds all he needs within his reach; he is not tormented by any imaginary wants; he cares nothing what others think; his desires are not beyond his grasp; not only is he self-sufficing, but for the first and last time in his life he has more strength than he needs. I know beforehand what you will say. You will not assert that the child has more needs than I attribute to him, but you will deny his strength. You forget that I am speaking of my own pupil, not of those puppets who walk with difficulty from one room to another, who toil indoors and carry bundles of paper. Manly strength, you say, appears only with manhood; the vital spirits, distilled in their proper vessels and spreading through the whole body, can alone make the muscles firm, sensitive, tense, and springy, can alone cause real strength. This is the philosophy of the study;

2016年山东大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷.doc

2016年山东大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷 (总分：72.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：40.00) 1.He felt that the uninspiring routine of office work was too______for someone of his talent and creativity.（分数： 2.00） A.prosaic B.insatiable C.exacting D.enthralling 2.The museum arranged the fossils in______order, placing the older fossils dating from the Late Ice Age on the first floor and the more recent fossils on the second floor.（分数：2.00） A.alphabetical B.chronological C.random D.arbitrary 3.With the evolution of wings, insects were able to______to the far ecological corners, across deserts and bodies of water, to reach new food sources and inhabit a wider variety of promising environmental niches.（分数：2.00） A.relate B.disperse C.transgress D.revert 4.Having recently missed out on the Matisse retrospective, which has taken Paris and New York by storm, and on the tour of great paintings from Philadelphia's Barnes collection, London is becoming______in the competition to show blockbuster international art exhibitions.（分数：2.00） A.a trend-setter B.an also-ran C.a world-beater D.a mecca 5.What most______the magazine's critics is the manner in which its editorial opinions are expressed too often as if only an idiot could see things any other way.（分数：2.00） A.belies B.impedes C.riles D.placates 6.Despite her compassionate nature, the new nominee to the Supreme Court was single-minded and ______in her strict adherence to the letter of the law.（分数：2.00） A.merciful B.uncompromising C.dilatory D.vindictive 7.Although he generally observed the adage "Look before you leap," in this instance he was______acting in an unconsidered fashion.（分数：2.00） A.chary of B.impervious to C.precipitate in D.hesitant about

英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编74

英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编74 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、词语翻译(总题数：27，分数：50.00) 1.英译汉 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： https://www.sodocs.net/doc/a56370622.html,ernment watchdog （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：政府监督) 解析： 3.carbon footprint （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：碳足迹，碳排放) 解析： 4.Twitter （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：推特) 解析： 5.funemployment （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：失业乐活) 解析： 6.Diesel oil （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：柴油) 解析： 7.汉译英 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 8.借词 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：loanword) 解析： 9.全球暖化 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：global warming) 解析： 10.经济不景气 （分数：2.00）

2016上海外国语大学翻译硕士初试真题与答案

2016年上海外国语大学专业学位英语口译/笔译初试 英语翻译基础（100分） 12月26日14:00—17:00 I.Cloze.(共15个空，一空两分，共30分) 卷子上的标题是Here’s why the“American century”will survive rise of China The American century will survive the rise of China Joseph Nye March25,2015 Entropy is a greater challenge than Chinese growth,writes Joseph Nye In1941Time editor Henry Luce proclaimed“the American century”.Some now see this coming to an end as1.a result of the nation’s economic and political decline. Many point to the example of US failure to convince its allies to stay out of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank,Beijing’s rival to the World Bank;but this was 2.more an example of a faulty decision than evidence of decline,which raises the question of what is the natural life cycle of a nation. A century is generally the limit for a human organism but countries are social constructs.Rome did not collapse until more than three centuries after it reached its apogee of power in117AD.After American independence in1776Horace Walpole, the British politician,lamented that his nation had been reduced to the level of Sardinia,just as Britain was about to enter the industrial revolution that3.powered its second century as a global power. Any effort at assessing American power in the coming decades should4.take into account how many earlier efforts have been wide of the mark.It is chastening to remember how wildly5.exaggerated US estimates of Soviet power in the1970s and of Japanese power in the1980s were.Today some see the Chinese as10ft tall and proclaim this“the Chinese century”. China’s size and relatively rapid economic growth will bring it closer to the US in terms of its power resources in the next few decades.But this does not necessarily mean it will surpass the US in military,economic and soft power. 6.Even if China suffers no big domestic political setback,many projections are simple linear extrapolations of growth rates that are likely to slow in the future.