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自考高级英语各类笔记汇总 上册 Lesson1

自考高级英语各类笔记汇总 上册 Lesson1
自考高级英语各类笔记汇总 上册 Lesson1

背景知识(Background knowledge)

Rock Music

A form of popular music is characterized by a pronounced, amplified beat. Electric guitars are almost always the main instrumental sound source. The modem rock band's basic elements are one or more vocalists, an electric lead guitar and bass guitar and drums. A rhythm guitar is often included, and many bands also use keyboards. "Rock-and-roll" was coined in the mid-1950 by a Cleveland broadcaster, Alan Freed, to replace "rhythm-and-blues"——a term that Freed thought had too many racial overtones'. (It was being called "race music" in some quarters at the time.) Rhythm-and-blues was itself an updated, urbanized stylization of the blues, which had been developed mainly by rural or country-oriented black musicians. When the music was renamed rock-and-roll, it also underwent an elemental change, particularly when white performers saw how eagerly young audiences responded. "White" music——that is essentially conventional popular music with a decided country-and-western flavor——was blended with rhythm-and-blues, and young people continued to hold a proprietary attitude about it. Rock went through its share of phases and participated in a number of pop culture fads.

课文要义(Main idea of the text)

The author focuses on the social influences of the rock music in terms of sociology. By contrasting different attitudes toward the rock among the young and adult audience, the author points out that rock is served as an expression of social ideas, and also provides a debating stage for different ideas. Rock 'n' roll stars express the young generation's viewpoints on various political and social problems, and also help the society see its own beliefs and attitudes, and express the young men's feelings and hope.

词汇(Vocabulary)

1.adulation: (n.) excessive admiration or praise; flattery

The magazine is full of the fan’s adulation of their favorite pop stars.

杂志上充满了歌迷对他们所喜爱的歌手的吹捧。

adulate: (v.) flatter

He respected science without adulating it. 他尊重科学而不迷信科学。

The leaders are easily adulated . 领导容易受逢迎.

adulator (n.)=ass-kisser/ apple-polisher/ toad-eater 溜须拍马的人

2.affluent: prosperous

3.ban: (v.) officially forbid

ban the use of nuclear weapons/chemical weapons

4.bewilderment: (n.) confusion 困惑, state of being confused.

The child watched the noisy crowd in bewilderment. 孩子目瞪口呆地看着嘈杂的人群。

Young people usually bewildered by the adult world. 年青人总是被成人世界里的事情所迷惑。

bewilder: (v.) confuse [bewilder (v.)=confuse, esp. with numerous conflicting situations, objects or statement.] The city traffic often bewildered me when I was young. 小时候,城市交通常使我不知所措。

Big city 's traffic bewilders me . 大城市的交通使我不知所措.

bewildering (adj.) very confusing 令人迷惑不解的

What she had said was bewildering to me . 她所说的令我迷惑不解.

bewildered (adj.) completely puzzled 迷惑不解

He was bewildered by her question . 他被她的问题弄得不知所措.

5.baptismal (adj.)-baptism (n.)=ceremony marking a person’s admission into the Christian Church by sprinkling him

with water.洗礼

e.g. baptism of fire 首次严峻的考验

baptize (v.)

6.celebrate: (v.) praise; honor

Today his words and deeds are celebrated throughout the land. 今天他的言行受到全国人民的赞颂。

The deeds of many heroes are celebrated by poets. 许多英雄的行为受到诗人的赞美。

7.conceive 设想,想出,想像conceive of sth.

以-ceive为词根的有conceive, perceive(理解,感知), deceive (欺骗)

You cannot conceive how rude he is to me. 你无法想象他对我是多么粗鲁。

8.clash and crash: (押头韵alliteration)be in conflict with sth.

crash: go bankrupt

My business crashed last year.

9.crawl: crawling on one’s knees. a crawling snake, crawling traffic/cars

creep: move slowly, quietly and secretly.

climb: up the tree

10.crunch—scream尖叫

crunch发出嘈杂声地走,嘎吱作响地走means screaming

11.disaffection不满

affectionate (adj.)

12.drive: n. energy; capacity to get things done

He is a young man with brains, drive and initiative. 他年轻,有头脑,有精力,还有进取心。

The new headmaster is lacking in drive. 新校长缺乏魄力。

13.editorialize: (v.) announce editorial (报刊)发表社论,

means publish a editorial to make remark or make comment about something.

All the local papers editorialized on the subject. 当地所有报纸都对这一问题发表了社论。

Youth editorialized against depriving poor children of opportunities to be educated.

青年报发表社论反对剥夺贫穷孩子受教育的机会。

edit—editor—editorial—editorialize

editor-in-chief(主编)

14.embody: (v.) express or give visible form to ideas, feelings, etc. ; include or contain sth. 体现

=express表达

To me, he embodies all the best qualities of a teacher. 在我看来,他身上体现了教师应有的一切优秀品质。

It’s necessary for the officials to embody principles in actions. 对官员们来说,用行动体现原则很有必要。

Words embody thought. 文字表达思想.

Dove is the embodiment of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征.

Usually rock music embodies the rebellion sprit of the younger generation.摇滚乐体现了年青人的反叛精神。

embodiment (n.)化身

15.grab (v./n.)

1. take sth. by force, capture, seize, snatch

Eg. He grabbed the book from my hand and ran off.

2. do sth. in a hurry

Eg. grab a nap/a breakfast

16.idle (adj./v.) not active, lazy

Don’t idle away your youth!

worthless, senseless, meaningless, useless

17.mirror: (v.) reflect as in a mirror

The trees were mirrored in the still water of the lake. 静静的湖水映出岸上的树木。

The decline in his influence mirrors a drop in his prestige. 他的影响减弱反映出他的威信下降。

18.misguided: misled, lost

19.motion: action, behavior

20.onstage(在台上)—offstage(在台后)(adj./adv.)

21.piety (n.)—pious (adj.)

22.pilgrim: person who travels to a holy place as an act of religious devotion

pilgrimage (n.) holy journey

23.ramble (v./n.) walk for pleasure with no special destination,wander, rambler

24.rebel (v./n.)—(n.) rebellion (adj.) rebellious

25.reject: (v.) put aside, throw away, as not good enough to be kept; refuse to accept

The idea that the earth is flat was rejected centuries ago. 地球是扁平的理论几百年前就被否决了。

The army doctors rejected several recruits as unfit. 军医拒收几名新兵,认为他们身体不合格。

26.reverence (n.) great respect 尊敬,崇敬

eg: They show great reverence to him .他们对他极为尊敬.

(v.) admire or respect 尊敬,崇敬

eg: He was still reverenced by people after many years . 多年以后他仍然受到人们的尊敬.

reverent (adj.) having a feeling of reverence 崇敬的

eg: This is a reverent behavior . 这是一种崇敬的行为.

27.sick: disgusting

28.sprinkle: (v.) scatter or throw sth. in small drops or particles etc. on (a surface); spread

Every morning the sanitation workers sprinkle water on the dusty streets.

每天早上清洁工人都要往尘土飞扬的街道上洒水。

Sprinkle sand along the icy path. 把沙撒在冰封的路上。

29.stand: endure, tolerate, bear, put up with

30.stuff: disorder

31.surge (v.) to move ,esp. forward ,in or like powerful waves 汹涌,澎湃

eg: The crowd surged past him . 人潮从他身边汹涌而过.

The crowds surged into the stadium.

The floods surged along the valley.

(n.) strong, wavelike, forward movement 波涛,巨浪

eg: The surge crashed against the coast .汹涌的波涛拍打着海岸.

32.sweat—sweaty—swelter

33.touch=lead to

34.urge: (v.) push or drive on, press sth. with requests and arguments

He urged that we should go. (He urged us to go.) 他催我们走。

They urged direct use of troops to try to suppress the movement. 他们敦促使用军队镇压这场运动。

35.variety show—talk show(脱口秀)—fashion show(时装秀)steal the show 抢镜头

短语(Expressions)

1. a range of一系列的

2.act out: show, perform action which represent, and may help to release, the fears, etc

She acted out the role of wronged lover to make him feel guilty. 她装扮作受冤枉的情人,好让他感到内疚。

The actress has acted out the heroine's part in detail. 女演员把女主人公这个角色细腻地表现出来。

3.affection for sth.

disaffection against sb./sth.

4.ban sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事

(n.) put a ban on sth.

5.be crawling with sth(aunts)

6.be drawn to sth.: be attracted to, be appealing to

7.clash with 冲撞

The meeting clashes with my English lesson, so I can’t go there.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ad4225735.html,bine A with/and B 把…和…结合在一起

9.conceive of: form an idea in the mind

It is difficult to conceive of traveling to the moon. 很难想象去月球旅行的情景。

I can't conceive of your allowing the child to travel alone. 我想不通你为什么让孩子独自旅行。

10.creep into someplace.

11.dressed in sth: wearing sth.

The bride was dressed in white. 新娘穿一身白色的礼服。

They wanted to be dressed in clothes of virtue. 他们想穿得道貌岸然。

12.editorialize against 批判

editorialize against sb.: publish the editorials to criticize sb.

editorialize on/about 对于某一主题发表社论

13.get away from=escape from=keep away from摆脱……

14.go back to 回到……

15.go on and on继续

16.head for 去哪儿

17.in return: as repayment 回报

He gave her some roses in return for her kindness. 他送她一些玫瑰花答谢她的好意。

How much did he give you in return for your bicycle? 他买你的自行车给了你多少钱?

18.look at sb. as=consider/regard sb. as 把某人视作……

I look at you as my close/best friend.

19.mix sth. into=put sth. into=add/combine=blend

20.pack A in/into B.

pack B with A—be packed with

The stadium was packed with the football fans.

The restaurant was packed.

This newspaper is packed with a lot of useful information.

21.rather than: by preference or choice

These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty. 这鞋不好看,但很舒服。

Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 与其让蔬菜烂掉,他干脆以半价卖掉了。

rather than—more than—other than与其说……不如说……

She has no close friends other than him. (except)

She seldom appears other than happy. (not)

more accuracy than originality

22.reverence for sb.

23.sing of: to speak, tell about, or praise in poetry or songs

The poet sang of victory. 诗人歌颂胜利。

They sang of his brave deeds. 他们称颂他的英勇行为。

24.speak about 谈论

speak of 谈及

speak for= on behalf of sb. 替某人说话

=representing; state the wishes, views, etc of sb.; act as a spoken man for sb.

25.sprinkling over 洒到……上此处为现在分词作伴随状语

sprinkle sth. on/onto/over sth. pour 倾泻

out of/into/along creeping wine

26.think of 想起

27.urge sb. to do sth.催促某人做某事

自考英语(一)课堂笔记完整版(6)

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自考00149国际贸易理论与实务_知识点总结

第一章:导论 1、对外贸易:一国或地区同别国或地区进行货物和服务交换的活动,从一个国家的角度来看,这种交换活动被称为对外贸易;从国际范围来看这种货物和服务交换活动就被称为国际贸易.:P41 2、对外贸易额又称对外贸易值,它是指一国或地区一定时期进口额与出口额的总和,是反映一国对外贸易规模的重要指标之一,一般以国际上通行的货币表示。 3、对外贸易量是用以固定年份为基期计算的进口或出口价格指数去调整当年的进口或出口额,得到相当于按不变价格计算的进口额或出口额.P42(2009.1,2010.10) 4、对外贸易依存度.又称对外贸易系数.以一国对外贸易总额同该国GNP或GDP的比率来表示,用以反映一国经济发展对对外贸易的依赖程度P46 5、对外贸易地理方向又称对外贸易地区分布或国别构成,指一定时期内各个国家或国家集团在一国对 . 外贸易中所占有的地位 1、世界货物出口总额总是小于世界货物进口总额。原因:出口用FOB价(货价,不含运费保险费),进口用CIF价(包含运费、保险费),因此从世界范围看,出口总额﹤进口总额。09.10,P42 2、总贸易体系与专门贸易体系是指贸易国家进行对外货物贸易统计所采用的统计制度,前者以货物通过国境作为统计进出口的标准(世界上大部分国家采用此法),后者以货物通过海关作为标准(欧洲除了英国都用专门贸易体系) 3、直接贸易指货物消费国.生产国直接买卖货物的行为;转口贸易也称中转贸易,指货物消费国与生产国通过第三国进行的贸易活动,对第三国而言便是转口贸易;过境贸易指别国出口货物通过本国国境,未经加工改制,在基本保持原状条件下运往另一国的贸易活动P43 4、世界贸易组织列出服务行业包括以下12个部门:商业.通讯.建筑.销售.教育.环境.金融.卫生.旅游.娱乐.运输.其他P45(多选考点。07.01,0710,08.10,) 5、一定时期内一国出口额与进口额之间的差额称贸易差额.当出口额超过进口额时,为贸易顺差或出超;当进口额超过出口额时,称为贸易逆差或入超.P46(2012.1,2011.1,2011.10,单选) 6、对外贸易按商品形式与内容不同,分为货物贸易与服务贸易. 7、对外贸易与国际贸易结构是指货、.服务在一国进出口或世界贸易中所占的比重.狭义的对外贸易与国际贸易结构又称对外贸易或国际贸易货物结构;对外贸易货物结构是指某大类或某种货物进出口贸易与整个进出口贸易额之比,以份额表示 二战后国际贸易发展的特点是什么?P50 1、不同阶段,国际贸易增长速度呈现出重大差异。 2、制成品贸易成为国际贸易的主导。 3、服务贸易迅速发展,成为国际贸易的重要组成部分。 4、发达国家仍然是国际贸易的主体,发达国家之间的贸易为国际贸易的主要流向。 5、区域性贸易迅速发展。 (1)2002年,某国对外贸易依存度为0.8,而该国当年的服务贸易总额为

自考高级英语上册课后练习答案

F . Man's alien! ion span is very short- In order to capture a viewer's attention, television must provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. In doing so, news is rather short, and it results in inefficient communication; much of the news is like "machine-gunning with scraps", and it destroys the coherence of thought. The TV's appeal to the short attention span is decivilizing as well. A voiding complexity means sacrificing thought. Among adult Americans, there are more and more "functionally illiterate" people, who even cannot answer the want ad or understand the instructions on a medicine bottle. At least, TV is partly responsible for this. Television, since its first prevalence over radio in the 1950s, has played a more and more important role in people's lives. Some are of the opinion that TV is enlightening. It has become so much a part of human life that a modern world without television is unimaginable. But I, on the other hand, argue against TV. I think TV's disadvantages outweigh its advantages. I want to draw your attention to the fact that television is decivilising. In the first place, watching TV takes too much of our time. Children rush to TV immediately after school. Some people sit in front of TV all day long. In this way, reading is entirely ignored. Do you remember the days when we had no TV? We read stories, listened to radio programs from which we benefited a lot. I dare say that the generation accompanied by TV will be less literate. In the second place, watching TV doesn't involve much thinking. When we take up reading, we need to think and imagine before we can thoroughly understand the writer. However, when we watch TV, what we have to do is to open our eyes and enjoy whatever is shown. Little by little we will become slow in thinking. F. 14F. 15 F.

自考英语(一)课堂笔记完整版(2)

自考英语(一)课堂笔记完整版(2) Unit1 4. They need hundreds of hours of study and practice,and even this will not guarantee success for every adult language learner. 注意句中hundreds of hours的用法,阅读课本第六页注解2. 请翻译下面的词组: 1)十个学生 ten students 数十个学生 tens of students 2)五百年 five hundred years 数百年hundreds of years 3)两千年 two thousand years 数千年 thousands of years 4)三百万美元 three m illion dollars 数百万美元m illions of dollars 5. Language learning is different from other kinds of learning. 句中be different from意为“与…不同”,如:My opinion is different from yours.(我的 观点与你的观点不同。) 请注意下面三个句子中所用的词组: Man is different from all the other anim als in his ability to learn and use a language. Man differs from all the other anim als in his ability to learn and use a language. The greatest difference between m an and all the other anim als is his ability to learn and use a language. 从上面的句子中可以看出differ是动词,different 是形容词,difference是名词。 6. … find it difficul t to succeed in language learning. … find it difficul t to succeed in other fields. 句中的i t是形式宾语(form al object),真正的宾语(real object)是不定式to succeed in language learning,此类用法在英语中很常见,请注意掌握。如:At first I found it diffi cult to rem em ber all these new words.(开始我感到记住这些单词很难。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1)外面的噪音使我无法继续工作。 (The noise outside m ade it diffic ult for m e to go on with m y work.)

自考00076国际金融串讲笔记

《国际金融》常考知识点串讲 1、外汇是国际汇兑(Foreign Exchange)的简称。有动态和静态之分。 动态外汇是把一国货币兑换成另一国货币以清偿国际间债务的金融活动。同于国际结算。 静态的外汇,有广义和狭义之分。 广义的外汇是各国外汇管理法令所称的外汇:⑴外国货币,包括纸币、铸币; ⑵外币支付凭证:票据、银行存款凭证、邮政储蓄凭证;⑶外币有价证券:政府债券、公司债券、股票;⑷特别提款权、欧洲货币单位;⑸其他外汇资产。 狭义的外汇是通常所说的外汇,是以外币表示的用于国际结算的支付手段。 基本特征:⑴国际性;⑵可兑换性,即表示这些支付手段的货币是可自由兑换的货币(Freely Convertible currency)。⑶可偿性,即在国外能直接作为支付手段无条件的使用,对方也无条件的接受并承认其所代表的价值。 外币表示的有价证券和黄金不能视为外汇,因为他们不能用于国际结算,而只有把他们变为在国外的银行存款才能用于国际结算。外币现钞,严格说来也不能算作狭义外汇。 只有在国外的银行存款,以及索取这些存款的外币票据与外币凭证,才能是狭义外汇。 国外银行存款才是狭义外汇的主体。 2、 1918年以后,国际收支被解释为一国在一定时期的外汇收支。凡在这一定时期涉及有外汇收支的国际经济交易,都属于国际收支畴。是建立在收支基础(现金基础Cash Basis)上的。是狭义的国际收支。 3、第二次世纪大战以后,世界各国广泛采用广义的国际收支概念即国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund,IMF)所制定的概念:在一定时期,一国居民(Resident)与非居民(Ninresident)之间经济交易的系统纪录。必须领会: ⑴它强调居民与非居民之间的经济交易。经济交易是经济价值从当事的一方向另一方的转移。实际上也就是商品、劳务和金融资产在两个当时这间的转移。. .

自考英语本科高级英语上下册课后短文翻译

1 Rock music began in America in the late 1950's ? It was not only a new musical form , but a forum for the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life . In this foiiini, the stars sang out the attitudes of the youth towards civil rights , war and peace ,the disaffection of their society , and a range of emotions between love and hate ? Allin all, in this forum , the American youth redefined the beliefs and feelings of their society ? The typical representatives of the early rock music were Elvis Presley , singer and poet Bob Dylan , the Bealtles , the rolling Stones and so on ? They were the culture heroes whom the young people worshipped ? 2 The American young people in 1960,s were a generation of rebellion ? Tliey found that the affluent American society was filled with poverty , injustice and gypocrisy . They didn't tmst the adult world that didn't belong to them and revised to take theii' beliefs and values . Many young people took active part in the struggle which protested against poverty , racial discrimination and Vietnam War ? Some young people even tried to overthrow this world by armed revolution. Many other young took passive ways to show their disaffections ? They took drugs , refused to take any responsibilities and lived a parasitic way of life ? Or they escaped to the frontiers and lived a primitive way of life ? 3 Mathilda had been ill for three days ? Her mother had given her some medicine, but it didn^t do any good ?So they had to ask the doctor to come ? There had been a number of cases of diphthena in Mathildaschool and two of them had been dead ? When the doctor anived at Olson's home . he wanted to examine Mthilda's tluoat first ? But no matter how he coaxed ”She wouldn't open her mouth ? So the doctor had to get the tongue depressor into her mouth ? But Mathilda reduced it to splinters .In order to protect Mathilda herself and other children , the doctor had to make sure whether she had diphtheria or not, so that he could treat her in time ? Letting Mathilda c s father hold her wrists lie tned his best to open her mouth and found she really had diphtheria. Tliis stoiy made us can think such a question that something in life can^ only depend on self willingness ? Under some circumstances , certain force seems necessary ? 4

自考英语心得范文

自考英语心得范文 才的有关规定,造就和选拔德才兼备的专门人才,提高全民族的 欢! 自考英语心得范文一 加自考专升本学习,经过一年多的学习,顺利通过了专升本课程以及加考的水平英语(一)、水平英语(二)和综合英语(二)课程。应该说,对于比较难学的英语专业,我算是在比较短的时间内取得 在此与大家交流。 滴的积累达到的,从量变上升到质变,即所谓的平时有好的学习习惯,才会使我们最终取得好的成绩。所以在平时的学习当中就要严格要求自己,力求扎实的功底,为日后的考试做好准备。

习惯的养成还源自对自考的正确认识。高等教育自学考试是高等教育中较为严格、对考生要求较高的一种自学形式,要想通过考试,就要有较强的自控力和坚持不懈的恒心。其中自控力是坚持不懈的保证,没有较强的自控能力,基本的学习时间无法保 在此我就谈谈我的学习习惯。 读,其他课程如公共课若时间不足,可注意上课笔记。 二、坚听挺好每一堂课,知识的积累重在平时的点点滴滴,虽然一些需要记忆的课程,临阵磨枪有一定的作用,但基础课程仍在于平时的功夫,在于潜移默化,扎扎实实,稳步提高。 三、及时的针对所学内容作总结、联系。即对所学课程及时 四、考前要做的工作。大致读一遍课文,然后有针对性的增加习题训练,起到查漏补缺的作用,最后做一些模拟题型、模式。 五、在不面临国考压力时,也不能松懈,而应主动培养自己的英语意识,多听英语广播、音乐,以及多看英语方面的书籍与节目等,同时如有充裕时间,可针对自身的弱点有选择的参加一些辅导班。

除了以上这几点,我认为还需要时时保持一种紧张状态,即在规定课程未全部达到要求之前,绝不能有所放松,从而争取最后的胜利。 这是我的体会。我认为通过考试拿文凭不是我们的目的,更多的是为了获取真正的知识以及更好的掌握知识,为我们将来的学习和事业打下坚实的基础。所以,在努力通过考试的同时,也应注意培养自身的能力,包括运用知识的能力,适应社会的能力等。在学习的过程中,注意磨砺自己的意志,培养积极、向上、乐观的心理状态,从而迎接人生中的每一次挑战和考验。 最后,我要说的是,既然大家选择了这条学习道路,就应该有恒心、有耐心并且有信心,要相信:付出的汗水中终将获得收获,这段经历将成为我们人生中特有的宝贵的财富,也将成为教会我们懂得珍惜人生的一次机会。 让我们共同努力,为最后的胜利而奋斗! 自考英语心得范文二 我2001年大学毕业以后一直在北京从事英语教育行业,因为一个偶然的机会我接触到了一个自考学校,我发现相当多的自考学生的英文功底不好,要想通过公共科目英语(一)(二)十分的不容易,所以我现在正在筹划开办一个校内的英语补习培训班,

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