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(A)英语翻译高级口译中译英人文教育(二)

(A)英语翻译高级口译中译英人文教育(二)
(A)英语翻译高级口译中译英人文教育(二)

(A)英语翻译高级口译中译英人文教育(二)

(总分:99.98,做题时间:90分钟)

一、试题1(总题数:1,分数:20.00)

年近古稀的我,应该说是饱经风霜、世事洞明了。但依然时而明白,时而懵懂。孔子曰:“七十而从心所欲,不逾矩。”大概已达到大彻大悟的思想境界了吧。吾辈凡夫,生存在功利社会,终日忙忙碌碌,为柴米油盐所困,酒色财气所惑,既有追求,又有烦恼,若想做到从心所欲,难矣哉!

老年人的从心所欲,不是说可以我行我素,倚老卖老,从心所欲,说白了,就是要有自己的活法,在心灵深处构筑独自的“自由王国”。海阔任鱼跃,天高任鸟飞,悠悠然自得其乐。这种自由,既是无限的,又是有限的,无限的从心所欲寓于有限的生活空间。我想,这大概就是孔夫子所说的“不逾矩”吧。

(分数:19.98)

(1).年近古稀的我,应该说是饱经风霜、世事洞明了。但依然时而明白,时而懵懂。(分数:3.33)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(At the age of seventy, I may well say that I have experienced the hardships of life and developed a thorough understanding of worldly affairs. However, sometimes I seem to be clear in the head, while other times I get confused.)

解析:[解析] 根据原文的结构,译成两个独立句。“古稀”是中国人古代指七十高龄的说法,“世事洞明”见《红楼梦》第五回“游幻境指迷十二钗饮仙醪曲演红楼梦”中的一副对联,原文是“世事洞明皆学问人情练达即文章”,这是曹雪芹对王熙凤的评价。“饱经风霜”一语根据上下文,可采用多种译法,如:

他饱经风霜的脸颊上隐隐泛起了红晕。Something like a blush tried to assert itself in his weather-beaten cheek.

暖暖的春风拂过他饱经风霜的脸。Warm spring winds wafted across his weathered face. He was a tall, thin, care-worn man.他是个瘦高个儿,看上去饱经风霜。

我已是饱经风霜,年老体衰。I am much too battered and old.

(2).孔子曰:“七十而从心所欲,不逾矩。”大概已达到大彻大悟的思想境界了吧。(分数:3.33)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(When Confucius said: "At seventy I can follow my heart's desire without transgressing what is right", he must have achieved the supreme enlightenment.)

解析:[解析] 《论语·为政》子曰:“吾十有五而志于学,三十而立,四十不惑,五十而知天命,六十而耳顺,七十而从心所欲,不逾矩。”意思是说“人到七十终于能做到随心所欲,所作所为都能合于规矩的境界了”。在深刻理解原文的基础上,译文采用了直译。

(3).吾辈凡夫,生存在功利社会,终日忙忙碌碌,为柴米油盐所困,酒色财气所惑,既有追求,又有烦恼,若想做到从心所欲,难矣哉!(分数:3.33)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(We ordinary people, living in a utilitarian-oriented society, rush about all day long, vexed by daily necessities like fuel, rice, cooking oil and salt, and tempted by cardinal vices such as wine, women, avarice and pride. What an immense difficulty to follow our hearts' desire in the face of conflicts between pursuits and cares!)

解析:[解析] 根据语义,译文把汉语句子分割成两个部分;其中第一部分属典型的汉语单层平铺语段扩展式,根据英语的多层(主从形式外显)环扣语段结构特点,译文选取“吾辈凡夫……终日忙忙碌碌,为柴米油盐所困,酒色财气所惑”为句子主干,其余部分通过非谓语动词结构进行空间建构,组成典型的英语“形合句”;“柴米油盐”和“酒色财气”采用直译。

(4).老年人的从心所欲,不是说可以我行我素,倚老卖老,从心所欲,说白了,就是要有自己的活法,在心灵深处构筑独自的“自由王国”。(分数:3.33)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(To say that we elderly people should have a free rein does not mean we could follow our bigoted course and presume on our superiority. In plain language, it means that we, after the discovery of our individual way of living, build our own "Realm of Liberty" in the depths of our minds.)

解析:[解析] 原句包含三个四字成语“从心所欲”、“我行我素”、“倚老卖老”。翻译以意译为主。为避免与以上译文重复,“从心所欲”译成了have a free rein。以上三个词语的翻译还可采用其他方法,如:

从心所欲:obey the dictates of one's heart

我行我素:play fast; satisfy oneself; complete self-sufficiency

口语化很强的词“说白了”除参考译文提供的翻译之外,还可有其他译法,如:in common parlance, plainly spoken, to speak bluntly等。

(5).海阔任鱼跃,天高任鸟飞,悠悠然自得其乐。(分数:3.33)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(The wide sea allows the fish to leap about and vast sky the birds to fly. We are as happy as a lark with such freedom from restraint.)

解析:[解析] “海阔任鱼跃,天高任鸟飞”出自宋·阮阅《诗话总龟前集》卷三十引《古今诗话》,表达出禅僧自由自在的广阔胸襟。后比喻可以自由行动,或无拘无束地施展才能。译文使用了非人称主语句(impersonal subject sentence)结构,这符合英语的造句习惯。汉语成语“自得其乐”采用意译。该成语还可译成enjoy/amuse oneself, take delight in, be highly diverted with oneself, find gratification in等。

(6).这种自由,既是无限的,又是有限的,无限的从心所欲寓于有限的生活空间。我想,这大概就是孔夫子所说的“不逾矩”吧。(分数:3.33)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(This kind of freedom is both infinite and finite, that is, the infinite

"do-as-one-pleases" within the finite space of life. This, I think, is what Confucius meant when he said "one can do as one pleases without breaking the established rules".)

解析:[解析] 原文第一句尽管没使用衔接词,但是能从上下文中体会到上下句之间暗含一种逻辑关系,译文理解为一种信息附加关系,使用了表示解释、补充的衔接词that is。对具备类似主从关系、体现了一定逻辑关系的分句,应准确分析分句间的关系,增添逻辑衔接词,从而使译文符合英语的特点。

二、试题2(总题数:1,分数:20.00)

因工作关系,我30年来,年年要外出公干,足迹几乎遍布全国,没有到过的地方只有西藏、内蒙和澳门。可惜远行奔波间,车马劳顿,总是行色匆匆,山水的怡情悦目,都如过眼的云烟,只不过领略了一个大概,不能去探寻幽僻的妙境。我凡事喜欢有自己的见解,不屑于人云亦云,即使是论诗品画,都是持一种别人珍贵的东西我抛弃、别人遗弃的东西我收取的态度。佛家有云,境由心生,因此,所谓的名胜,全在于你怎么看,有的名胜,你并不觉得它有多好;有的不是名胜,你自己却以为是个妙境。这里且将我平生的游历逐一道来,与诸君共享。

(分数:20.00)

(1).因工作关系,我30年来,年年要外出公干,足迹几乎遍布全国,没有到过的地方只有西藏、内蒙和澳门。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(Over the past three decades, business almost took me everywhere across the country each year except to Tibet, Inner Mongolia and Macao.)

解析:[解析] “因工作关系”和“外出公干”属语义重复。译文把这两个短语合并,用business一词取代;此外译文把原文中作为原因状语的成分“因工作关系”,及目的状语“公干”转换为译句主语

business,从而变成英语结构中常使用的“非人称主语句”,译文自然、流畅。

(2).可惜远行奔波间,车马劳顿,总是行色匆匆,山水的怡情悦目,都如过眼的云烟,只不过领略了一个大概,不能去探寻幽僻的妙境。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(It is a pity that the long tiresome traveling left me in such a constant hurry that the enchanting beauty of mountains and rivers was but a fleeting memory, leaving no more than a vague impression on me. Never was I able to explore snug nooks.)

解析:[解析] 该句翻译有一定难度,首先是汉语原句四字成语短语较多;其次小句多,因此把多个小句变成主次分明的英语形合长句是关键。译文是典型的英语“包蕴句”,主句是it为形式主语的句子,从句从整体看是一个“非人称主语句”,在该小句中又包含such...that结果状语从句,同时还有一句现在分词引导的伴随状语句。

(3).我凡事喜欢有自己的见解,不屑于人云亦云,即使是论诗品画,都是持一种别人珍贵的东西我抛弃、别人遗弃的东西我收取的态度。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(I like to act upon my own judgment rather than condescend to parrot others. Be it poetry or painting, I will be always abandoning what is traditionally adored while adoring what is abandoned.)

解析:[解析] “人云亦云”这里译成follow what others have said about it,是直译。英语中经常把动物名词活用为动词,然后引申出相关语义,从而使表达更加生动,如:

Stop monkeying with these tools!不要乱动那些工具!

He wolfed down his lunch.他狼吞虎咽地吃了午饭。

You can never fox me.你决骗不了我。

Don't parrot textbooks.不要死背课本

此外,在译文中使用了一对反义词abandon和adore,具有押头韵的修辞效果。

(4).佛家有云,境由心生,因此,所谓的名胜,全在于你怎么看,有的名胜,你并不觉得它有多好;有的不是名胜,你自己却以为是个妙境。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(As the Buddhist saying goes, what you see is how you feel about it. Hence, the scenic attractions lie entirely in how you look at them. While some famous scenic spots are anything but attractive, some unknown places are perceived as eye-opening.)

解析:[解析] “境由心生”可有多种译法,如,what you perceive is, the vision in your mind/is what you visualize in your mind/is how you feel about it./Perception changes with feelings.

(5).这里且将我平生的游历逐一道来,与诸君共享。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(Here I would like to describe one by one the places I have traveled during my life and share my experience with you.)

解析:[解析] 此句也可译为:Here I'd like to detail each of my traveling experience and share with you all.参考译文清楚明白,而后一个译文则较为简练。

三、试题3(总题数:1,分数:20.00)

人们通常喜欢听好听的话,一听到拂耳之言就容易产生不悦甚至愠怒。一个人,特别是身居要职的人,要能够心悦诚服地倾听逆耳之言并从中获得智慧,就需要容忍和大度的雅量,而这往往依赖于人们的心性修养和对人性缺陷的克制;否则,就会给善于运用花言巧语和投其所好的人提供可乘之机,并伤害直言不讳的忠诚之人。

在理智上,人们大概愿意接受“兼听则明,偏信则暗”、“忠言逆耳利于行”等一类古老的真理,或者乐于信服老子说的“美言不信,信言不美”的哲理。但在行为上,人们又容易背离这些古训,不愿意听或听

不进“逆耳”之言,最终犯下严重的过失。

(分数:20.00)

(1).人们通常喜欢听好听的话,一听到拂耳之言就容易产生不悦甚至愠怒。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案:(People are generally fond of what is agreeable to the ear, but are prone to displeasure or even anger at advice unpleasant to hear.)

解析:[解析] 两个短句间隐含一种转折关系,英语译文可用but衔接,以体现英语“形合”的特点。

(2).一个人,特别是身居要职的人,要能够心悦诚服地倾听逆耳之良言并从中获得智慧,就需要一种容忍

和大度的雅量,而这往往依赖于人们的心性修养和对人性缺陷的克制。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案:(If a person, especially one in important position, is a willing listener of truthful yet offensive words to gain wisdom from them, there is a need for tolerance and magnanimity, which, in most cases, derive from a person's self-cultivation of disposition and the restraint of flaws in their character.)

解析:[解析] 此句译成一个包蕴句,包括1个there be引导的主句、1个条件从句及定语从句。选择it

作形式主语句和there be句型,体现了英语尾重(end focus)的句式特点。“心悦诚服地倾听逆耳之良言”灵活译成a willing listener,是用表示动词的名词来取代动词。在原文“容忍和大度的雅量”短语中,“雅量”为范畴词(category word),即用来表达行为、现象、属性等概念范畴,为汉语常用的特指手段。再如灵活态度(flexibility)、摇摆不定的局面(uncertainty)、人际关系问题(interpersonal relation)、新鲜感(freshness)、伟大和杰出的涵义(greatness and excellence)。英语则通过避免形状、数量、性质等词语的同义反复,代之使用派生名词。

(3).否则,就会给善于运用花言巧语和投其所好的人提供可乘之机,并伤害直言不讳的忠诚之人。(分数:

4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案:(Otherwise, those who are good at doing a snow job and catching their fancy will gain the advantage and those faithful people who talk straight will be hurt.)

解析:[解析] “善于运用花言巧语和投其所好的人”即用作英译文的主语。汉语原文包含四个“四字结构”的成语或短语:花言巧语、投其所好、可乘之机、直言不讳、忠诚之人。以“花言巧语”为例,可发现以

下译法:

a snow jo

b have silk in his tongue

fair/sweet/fine/tricky words/talk honeyed or deceiving words

oil one's words

在以上译文中,既有英语表达地道的习语(a snow job,have silk in one's tongue),也有通过意译的综合表达(tricky talk,honeyed or deceiving words)。

(4).在理智上,人们大概愿意接受“兼听则明,偏信则暗”、“忠言逆耳利于行”等一类古老的真理,或

者乐于信服老子说的“美言不信,信言不美”的哲理。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案:(In their right senses, people may readily accept ancient maxims like "listen to both sides and you will be enlightened; heed to one side and you will be benighted," and "Honest advice, though harsh to the ear, induces good conduct," or they are willing to believe in Lao Tze's philosophical wisdom:" Nice words are not truthful while truthful words are not nice to hear./) 解析:[解析] 原文含有三句凝练的古汉语“兼听则明,偏信则暗”、“忠言逆耳利于行”、“美言不信,信言不美”,结构对称,读来抑扬顿挫,朗朗上口,读者能充分感受汉语的节奏美。第一句译为:listen to both sides and you will be enlightened; heed to one side and you will be benighted。从英译文句式结构来看,在意义和形式上基本与原文保持对等。同样,“美言不信,信言不美”的译文Nice words

are not truthful while truthful words are not nice to hear.也保持了与原文形式上的对应。翻译古文时,首先要把握“准确性”,以上三句译文主要采用了直译。

(5).但在行为上,人们又容易背离这些古训,不愿意听或听不进“逆耳”之言,最终犯下严重的过失。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(However, people behaviorally tend to depart from these established maxims, reluctant to accept and follow those home truths until they commit blunders eventually.)

解析:[解析] “在行为上”译成英语-ly副词(behaviorally),这是汉英翻译中的词性灵活转换的使用;“逆耳直言”译成英语固定短语home truths,凝练地道;后半句译文使用until一词衔接,体现了英语“形合”的特点;“犯下严重的过失”译成commit blunders。

四、试题4(总题数:1,分数:20.00)

传统的中国画,不模仿自然,是以表现心灵抒发情性为主体的意象主义艺术。画中意象与书法中的文字一样,是一种适于抒写的极度概括抽象的象征符号,伴随着意象符号的是传统的程式表现技巧。古代的大师们创造着独自心中的意象及其程式,风格迥异,生机勃勃。后来,多数人惯于对古人程式的模仿,所作之画千人一面。这样的画作一泛滥,雅的不再雅,俗的则更俗。近代中国画仍然在庸俗没落的模式漩涡中进退两难。阿文与当今的有识同行一样,有志标新立异,寻找自我,建立起现代的属于自己的新意象、新格局,且一直背靠着这高雅的传统。

(分数:20.00)

(1).传统的中国画,不模仿自然,是以表现心灵抒发情性为主体的意象主义艺术。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(The traditional Chinese painting is an art of imagery which focuses on revealing the artist's inner heart and expressing his rational leanings instead of imitating nature.)

解析:[解析] 本例一句话,带两个谓语,分别为宾语和表语。参考译文把前一个谓语成分“不模仿自然”译成介词短语instead of imitating nature作为状语置于句末,颇具特色,使整句的意思更为紧凑,语义连贯。当然,按原句语序译成两句,前句为The traditional Chinese painting does not imitate nature,也是可以接受的。

(2).画中意象与书法中的文字一样,是一种适于抒写的极度概括抽象的象征符号,伴随着意象符号的是传统的程式表现技巧。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(Like the characters in Chinese calligraphy, the imagery in the painting is a symbol suited for expounding extreme generality and abstractness. Accompanying the symbol of imagery is the traditional formula of expression technique.)

解析:[解析] 本例原文可视为是两个判断句,谓语均用“是”一字。前句的定语“适于抒写的极度概括抽象的”可考虑译成suited for expressing emotions and characterised by extreme

generality/generalization and abstractness/abstraction。后句“伴随着……”结构则也可考虑采用其他结构,如主语从句:What accompanies the symbol of imagery is...,或被动句:The symbol of imagery is accompanied by...。

(3).古代的大师们创造着独自心中的意象及其程式,风格迥异,生机勃勃。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(Masters of ancient times created imagery in their hearts along with their own formulas, which differ from one another and are full of vitality.)

解析:[解析] 本例一句话,句末两个四字结构补充说明古代大师的绘画风格及绘画特点,参考译文采用which引导的定语,仍置于句末,语序基本不变,语义也相当贴近,值得考生参考。

(4).后来,多数人惯于对古人程式的模仿,所作之画千人一面。这样的画作一泛滥,雅的不再雅,俗的则

更俗。近代中国画仍然在庸俗没落的模式漩涡中进退两难。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案:(Most of the later painters were accustomed to copying the formulas of ancient masters. Their paintings were stereotyped and very much alike. When such paintings ran rampant, the elegant type no longer had any elegance, and the vulgar type became all the more vulgar. (Even traditional) Chinese paintings of modern times were caught/stuck in the whirlpool of vulgar and declining formulas (without making any headway in pursuing either popularity or elegance).)

解析:[解析] 本例三句话前后逻辑关系颇为紧密,语句表达颇显汉语“意合”的特点,对英译显然是一种挑战。第一句的“后来,多数人”的译文Most of the later painters显然优于Later,most

people/peainters,“千人一面”的比喻表达用were stereotyped and very much alike翻译直白明了。第二句“这样的画作一泛滥”译成when引导的状语从句,句子的逻辑关系梳理明白。第三句的“进退两难”参考译文提供的两个处理方式各有千秋,虽带有意译成分,基本达意。

(5).阿文与当今的有识同行一样,有志标新立异,寻找自我,建立起现代的属于自己的新意象、新格局,

且一直背靠着这高雅的传统。(分数:4.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案:(Like contemporary artists of insight, Ah Wen aspires to create something new and original and achieve his own identity so as to build up a new imagery and a new style of his own based on the heritage of the/such refined art.)

解析:[解析] 本例一句话,属较为典型的汉语流水句,一个主语,共带了四个似呈并列的说明成分。参考译文的处理采用了so as to和based on the heritage of两个结构把看似并列的四个说明成分的逻辑关

系“显性”化,此例翻译确有相当的典型性。

五、试题5(总题数:1,分数:20.00)

我们要创造更加良好的政治环境和更加自由的学术氛围,让人民追求真理、崇尚理性、尊重科学,探索自

然的奥秘、社会的法则和人生的真谛。正因为有了充分的学术自由,像牛顿这样伟大的科学家,才能够思

潮奔腾、才华迸发,敢于思考前人从未思考过的问题,敢于踏进前人从未涉足的领域。

我们历来主张尊重世界文明的多样性,倡导不同文明之间的对话、交流与合作。我国已故著名社会学家费

孝通先生,上世纪30年代曾在英国留学并获得博士学位,一生饱经沧桑。他在晚年提出:“各美其美,美人之美,美美与共,世界大同。”费老先生的这一人生感悟,生动反映了当代中国人开放包容的胸怀。

(分数:20.00)

(1).我们要创造更加良好的政治环境和更加自由的学术氛围,让人民追求真理、崇尚理性、尊重科学,探

索自然的奥秘、社会的法则和人生的真谛。(分数:5.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案:(We should create a better political environment and a freer academic atmosphere in which people can pursue truth, exercise reasoning and respect science, and explore the mysteries of nature, the laws governing society and the true meaning of life.)

解析:[解析] 本例为一长句,原句含使用频率高、但用法和意义多样的“让”字句使动结构,参考译文改用in which引导的定语从句,语句形式有变,但语义上并未违背原意。如果机械地按字面译成make/help people(to)do...反倒是一个不合英语表达、也并未准确反映原文意思的翻译。

(2).正因为有了充分的学术自由,像牛顿这样伟大的科学家,才能够思潮奔腾、才华迸发,敢于思考前人

从未思考过的问题,敢于踏进前人从未涉足的领域。(分数:5.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案:(It was precisely in an environment of academic freedom that great scientists like Isaac Newton were able to give free rein to their imagination and bring out their best, probe issues never touched upon by their predecessors and blaze a new trail.)

解析:[解析] 本例原文为一强调句型,译文保留了这一句式,体现了两种语言句式上的“对等”。原文的条件句采用“有”字句结构,翻译则采用常见的介词短语in an environment of academic freedom,也是一不错的选择。原文的“思潮奔腾”(to give free rein to their imagination)和“踏进前人从未涉足的领域”(blaze a new trail)的翻译都借用了英语的惯用表达,字面形式和意义上二者之间有差异,但总体表达应是可接受的。

(3).我们历来主张尊重世界文明的多样性,倡导不同文明之间的对话、交流与合作。我国已故著名社会学家费孝通先生,上世纪30年代曾在英国留学并获得博士学位,一生饱经沧桑。(分数:5.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(We have always called for respecting the diversity of civilizations in the world and advocated dialogue, exchanges and cooperation between them. The late Mr. Fei Xiaotong,a well-known Chinese sociologist, studied and earned his doctoral degree in the United Kingdom in the 1930s.) 解析:[解析] 本例两句话,均为陈述句。第一句中“世界文明”提及两次,英译则在后一次用them取代。第二句的前置定语“著名社会学家”英译a well-known Chinese sociologist后置作同位语,都是颇为地道的翻译。

(4).他在晚年提出:“各美其美,美人之美,美美与共,世界大同。”费老先生的这一人生感悟,生动反映了当代中国人开放包容的胸怀。(分数:5.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(Having gone through many vicissitudes in life, he concluded in his late years that "The world will be a harmonious place if people appreciate their own beauty and that of others, and work together to create beauty in the world." This outlook on life as manifested by Mr. Fei best illustrates the open and inclusive mindset of the Chinese people today.)

解析:[解析] 本例两句话,首句引用的费老的话有一定难度,须辨别“美”作名词和动词用的不同功能。参考译文把上句中的“一生饱经沧桑”用分词短语结构译出置于句首,是一个颇为贴切的处理,句子形式上较为平衡,语义逻辑也合理。第二句译文添加的(was) as manifested by和“开放包容的胸怀”的译文the open and inclusive mindset都符合英语的表达形式。

新视野大学英语第四册课后习题汉译英答案(重点突出版)

Unit 1 1、这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能够很好的成长 The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed. 2、研究结果表明,无论我们白天做了什么事情,晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day. 3、有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大的努力,以此来为自己的失败辩护 Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best. 4、我们忠于自己的承诺:凡是答应做的,我们都会做到 We remain true to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do, we would do it. 5、连贝多芬的父亲都不敢相信自己儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪 生也同样如此,他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝 Even Beethoven’s father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull. 6、当局控告他们威胁国家安全 They were accused by the authorities of threatening the state security. Unit 2 1、要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话,就会吸引更多的观众 If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience. 2、她从未对自己的能力失去信心,因此它有可能成为一名成功的演员 She never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress. 3、我从未接受过正式的培训,我只是边干边学 I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along. 4、随着产品进入国际市场,他们的品牌知名度越来越高了 As their products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining in popularity. 5、她可以编造一个故事,说自己被窃贼打昏,所有的钱都没了,但她怀疑自己是否能让这 故事听起来可信 She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable. 6、谁都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次访问,可是这引起了对他更多的批评 No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him. Unit 3 1、据报道有七八位官员收受贿赂,市长决定亲自出马调查这件事 Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has decided to l ook into the affair in person. 2、这些工人后悔当时接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面临失业的危险了These workers regret yielding to the management’s advice and going back to work. Now they are again faced with the threat of losing their jobs. 3、你只需填写一张表格就可取的会员资格,它可以使你在买东西的时享受打折的优惠

汉译英口译文字材料

Passage 1 女士们、先生们:很高兴能有机会参加这次“中国日”年会。亚洲是世界上最大的洲,拥有世界60%的人口。它资源丰富,历史悠久。中国式亚洲的一员,同所有亚洲人民一样,中国人民勤劳智慧。中国人民愿与所有亚洲人民一起,共创亚洲的美好明天。 Passage 2 我们非常高兴能和你们在英格兰度过这样一段愉快的时光。在告别英格兰的时候,我觉得自己对它和它的历史有了更多的了解。我们希望在不久的将来能在中国接待诸位,请诸位看看中国的变化。现在,我提议为东道主的健康干杯!希望在不久能看见你们。 Passage 3我非常感谢您热情友好的欢迎辞。印度是最古老的文明摇篮之一,访问印度是我的强烈愿望。我为能成为贵公司的客人而深感荣幸。这次访问给予我一次很好的机会结交新朋友。我公司同印度有着有好的合作关系。我们在许多领域里的合作都取得了重大进展。我们的合作是富有成效的。我们将继续成为和睦共助的伙伴关系。 Passage 4今晚,我们很高兴在北京大学接待格林博士和夫人。我代表学校的全体师生员工向格林博士和夫人及其他新西兰贵宾表示热烈的欢迎。中新两国教育界人士的互访,增进了相互间的了解和学术交流。我相信格林博士这次对对我校的访问必将为进一步加强两校的友好合作关系做出重要贡献。明天,贵宾们将要赴南京和上海访问,我预祝大家一路旅途愉快。 Passage 5今天各位能出席这个招待会,我们深感荣幸。欢迎到中国来。在发展对外贸易中,我们坚持“互相尊重、平等互利”的原则,这一原则有助于发展我们各国独立的民族经济。我愿借此机会对各位朋友给予我们的合作和支持表示感谢。 Passage 6 在这个满天星斗、举国同庆的夜晚,我谨代表公司的全体同仁,感谢各位来宾从百忙之中拔冗光临我们的春节联欢晚会。春节是我国一年中的良辰佳时,我希望各位中外同事共度一个轻松、欢快的夜晚。我愿外国来宾能尽情品尝中国的传统佳肴和美酒。我希望这次晚会能使我们彼此有机会沟通、增进友谊。最后我再次感谢各位嘉宾的光临,并祝各位新年健康、事业有成。 Passage 7近年来,中国在交通方面的资金投入每年都有所增加,公路建设因此有了很大发展。到去年末,这方面的投资超过了人民币3,200亿元。自从我国实行西部大开发策略后,西部的公路建设也得到了迅速发展。在今后的几年里,西部地区将继续成为公路建设的重点地区。 Passage 8中国加快发展,将给中美关系发展提供新的机遇与动力。例如,中国的旅游业带动航空业的发展,已经给美国企业带来了可观的实惠。中国从美国进口大量的大豆、小麦等农产品,为美国农业提供了广阔的市场。我相信,中国完全有可能在未来的20年乃至更长的时间里,继续保持稳定快速的经济增长。 Passage 9中国是一个发展中国家,人口多,底子薄,农村地区经济不发达。穷

自考口译与听力0602(6-14汉译英)

Unit 6 Opening and closing ceremonies Lesson Three Translation for the text (All those on the rostrum and those present took their seats.) Good afternoon, representatives, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen! The 1999 global celebration ceremony of World Habitat Day formally opens. Please rise for the National Anthem. Sit down, please. Now , allow me to introduce the distinguished leaders and guests present on the rostrum: Acting Executive Director of UNCHS(United Nations Centre for Human Settlement )…Mr. xx; Minister of China Construction Department, Mr. xx; Mayor of Dalian, Mr. xx; Chairman of England Construction and Social Housing Fund Committee, Mr. xx; Coordinator of UNCHS, Mr.xx Let’s welcome the mayor of Dalian, Mr. xx to give the welcome speech. (The mayor gives the welcome speech.) Thank you, Mr. Mayor. The UN Secretary General, Mr. Annan has sent his greeting speech to the Habitat Day. Please project his speech. (Secretary General Annan’s speech is projected.) Welcome the Minister of Construction Department, Mr. xx to give his speech. (The minister makes his speech.) Welcome the Acting Executive Director of UNCHS to give his World Habitat Day address.( The Director addresses.) It is time for the Award Ceremony of the 1999 UN Habitat Prize which is set by UN as the highest honor prize for the governments, organizations, individuals all over the world that have made remarkable contributions in habitat field. Let’s welcome the coordinator of UNCHS to announce and introduce the list of prize winners. (The list is announced.) Let’s invite the Acting Executive Director of UNCHS to present the award.( Music is played.) Welcome the Egyptian prize winners to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Dalian Mayor…to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome the Indian representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Colombian representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Slovakian representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome American representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Ghanaian representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Kenyan representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize (The music comes and ends Let’s welcome the Chairman of England Construction and Social Housing Fund Committee to announce and introduce the 1999 Habitat Prizes for individuals. (The list is introduced and announced.) Welcome Mr. xx and Mr. xx from Britain to come to the rostrum to receive your prizes. Let’s invite the Minister of China Construction Department to present the award. (Music is played.) Today, we observe the grand global celebration ceremony of 1999 World Habitat Day in Dalian, which has achieved complete success under the instruction of UNCHS and with the help

汉译英作业答案

汉译英作业答案

参考答案 第一讲 1. 注意安全,小心路滑。C aution, slipper floor. 2. 禁止吸烟,违反者将被罚款100元。Smoking is prohibited, penalties for violators is 100 yuan. 3. 雨天,雪天,减速行驶。 Slow in case of rain or snow. 4. 老年人优先上车。 Senior Citizens First. 5. 桥上严禁超车。No Overtaking On Bridge. 第二讲Task: Please translate the following passage into English.(Open) A 广西中医学院护理学院成立于1999年, 其前身--广西中医学院附设护士学校创建于1979年。回首20多年的风雨历程,至今已发展成为广西仅有的两所高等护理院校之一。近几年,学院紧紧围绕教学与产业并举,中职教育与高职教育并重,传统培养与特色培训相结合的办学思路,开创了教学产业化道路的新局面, 使学院步入了持续快速健康发展的轨道, 如今学院无论是"硬件"还是"软件", 均已颇具规模,现有在校生2663人, 教职工71人, 专兼职教师46人, 其中高中级职称教师40人,占全体教师比例的86.5%。开设有西医护理、中医护理、中医医疗、中西结合、针灸推拿5个专业。今年经自治区教育厅批准又

蕊要去美国做手术?又为什么,包括王治郅、巴特尔在内的诸多篮球运动员也都要飞往美国治疗呢?要让人家相信你,就得拿出成功的例子,这样才不会出现对中医的“妖魔化”。 第三讲 A 护理科研论文写作中常见句型 1. 本文介绍/叙述/报告/讨论了…… T his paper (report, article) presents/describes/reports/discusses 2. 在这篇文章中,我们介绍/叙述/报告/讨论了… In this paper (report, article), we present/describe/report/discuss 3. 我们描述了一例…… We describe a case of 4. 本文报告一例…… A case is reported in which...... 5. 本文报告了……的研究。 A study of ... is reported 6. 本研究旨在……

策马翻译培训翻译汉译英练习15篇(口译)

汉译英练习15篇(口译) [策马翻译培训口译培训·练习一] Passage 1 上海菜系是中国最年轻的地方菜系,通常被成为“本帮菜”,有着400 多年的历史。同中国其他菜系一样,“本帮菜”具有“色,香,味”三大要素。| 上海菜的特点是注重调料的使用,食物的质地和菜的原汁原味。其中最著名的有特色点心“南翔小笼”和特色菜“松鼠鲑鱼”。| “南翔小笼”是猪肉馅,个小味美,皮薄汁醇。“松鼠鲑鱼”色泽黄亮,形如松鼠,外皮脆而内肉嫩,汤汁酸甜适口。| 在品尝过“松鼠鲑鱼”之后,我们常常惊讶于“松鼠”的形状,觉得在三大评价标准上在添加“形”这个标准才更合适。| 译文: Shanghai cuisine, usually called Benbang cuisine, is the youngest among the major regional cuisines in China, with a history of more than 400 years. Like all other Chinese regional cuisines,Benbang cuisines takes “color, aroma and taste” as its essential quality elements.| Shanghai cuisine emphasizes in particular the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors. Shanghai cuisine is famous for a special snack known as Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings and a special dish called “Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish”.| Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings are small in size, with thin and translucent wrappers, filled inside with ground pork and rich tasty soup. Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish is yellow-colored and squirrel-shaped, with a crispy skin and tender meat, all covered with a sweet and sour source.| After tasting Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish, we are always amazed by the squirrel shape and think that it is more appropriate to plus “appearance” as the fourth element. Passage 2 美国人强调效率、竞争和独创性,而中国人则将严谨规划放在首位,鼓励团队成员之间的密切合作和无私奉献。|

2019年英语中级口译考试汉译英必备篇(5)

2019年英语中级口译考试汉译英必备篇(5) 香港中文大学,简称“中大”,成立于1963年。中大是一所研究型综合大学,以“结合传统与现代,融汇中国与西方”为创校使命。//40多年来,中大一直致力于弘扬中华传统文化,坚持双语教育,并推行独特的书院制度,在香港教育界卓不过立。中大校园占地 134 公顷,是世界上最美丽的校园之一。//中大的师生来自世界各地。有教职员工 5200多人,近万名本科生、约2000多名研究生,其中约2500多人来自45个不同的国家和地区。//中大实行灵活的学分制,不但有助于培养有专有博的人才,而且还赋予学生更大的学习自主权。中大的多元教育有助于充分发挥每一个学生的潜能。// The Chinese University of Hong Kong, CUHK for short, was founded in 1963. It is a research-oriented comprehensive university with a mission to combine tradition with modernity and bring together China and the West.//For more than 40 years, we have been distinguished from other local universities by virtue of our rich Chinese cultural heritage, bilingual education, and our unique college system. s 134-hectare campus is one of the most beautiful campuses in the world.//CUHK’ s fa culty and students come from all corners of the world. It has more than 5200 staff members,approximately 10,000 undergraduates, and 2000 postgraduate students. Of these students, some 2,500 are from 45 countries and regions outside Hong Kong.//The flexible credit unit system allows a balance between depth with breadth, and a high degree of free choice of students in designing their own learning. The multi-faceted education at CUHK helps to bring out the best in every student.//

翻译技巧总结

翻译技巧总结 个人认为,翻译题很重要!考研是个充实自己的过程,只要你还需要英语,就离不开翻译,所以大家应该引起足够重视。 首先个人推荐一本书,XDF唐静老师的《拆分与组合翻译法》,我听过他的课,他的方法很实用,感觉很象下面介绍的第四种方法。 翻译题里考察三方面内容: 1、专有名词(如operational research expert)、习惯用法(如depend on)及多义词的翻译(如school、set的多义) 2、一般性翻译技巧:包括词义选择,词序调整,词性转换和增词法等等 3、具体句型(定从、状从、主从、宾从、表从、同位从、强调结构、并列、比较、倒装、插入、被动、否定等) 其中2、3是大考点,具体内容可在论坛下XDF的翻译笔记来看,在此不赘述。 可看出,应对翻译题的主要武器是翻译技巧,下面正式进入正题(常用方法、被动语态译法、形容词译法、举例详解) 一、常用方法 英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异,因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难,需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中,也可以运用于口译过程中,而且应该用得更加熟练。 1增译法:指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多,而英语句子一般都要有主语,所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候,除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外,一般都要根据语境补出主语,使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高,凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时,必须在前面加上物主代词。因此,在汉译英时需要增补物主代词,而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示,而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此,在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外,在翻译时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语,以确保译文意思的完整。总之,通过增译,一是保证译文语法结构的完整,二是保证译文意思的明确。如: (1) What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话,你觉得如何?(增译主语和谓语) (2) If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊!(增译主句) 中国政府历来重视环境保护工作。 The Chinese government has always attached great importance to environmental protection. (省译名词) 3转换法:指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。具体的说,就是在词性方面,把名词转换为代词、形容词、动词;把动词转换成名词、形容词、副词、介词;把形容词转换成副词和短语。在句子成分方面,把主语变成状语、定语、宾语、表语;把谓语变成主语、定语、表语;把定语变成状语、主语;把宾语变成主语。在句型方面,把并列句变成复合句,把复合句变成并列句,把状语从句变成定语从句。在语态方面,可以把主动语态变为被动语态。如:

英译中笔记方法

英译中笔记方法 我历年的实践,发现学友们在学习口译上最大的难点在于笔记问题。因此我整理了一条实用的(E-C)英译中笔记方法,提供初涉口译的众学友学习。 首先,这里需要指出的是,大多数同学并没有意识到口译笔记的基本类型。在此为大家简述一番,其实口译笔记可以按照“源语和目标语”分为两类,在此以英语(论坛)和汉语为例。比如:“E-C”和“C-E”是两个不同的体系。(E-C即英译中;C-E即中译英)。 关于“C-E模式”的笔记,在中译英时口译者并没有听力上的挑战,所以在记录笔记时我们大都可从容应对;把握脉络、大意、关键词,并选择性的记录;而且还能保证主要意思都能记在脑中;即使没有系统训练过笔记法的学友,也可以通过强记和速写,把信息记全。 所以说,中高级口译考试时的“C-E模式”的句子或段落的笔记可以是挑选性的(selective); 也可以做得“面面俱到”(every single point),而这时的要求就是你手写速度,清晰度(legibility), 合理逻辑的布局和排列。 在这样的背景下,C-E模式的笔记体系就引入了大量的“符号”以简化速记的强度,提高速记的质量,使译者有更多的时间脑记。 比如这段符号:“中 e ↗+” 表示“中国经济的强劲增长。” 笔者纵观了各种专业课程、比较了热门的口译笔记法书籍,口译论坛和网站上的有关信息,发现对于这些“符号”并没有一个有明确的、规范的统一写法。完全是不同专家和从业者的各种个性化的笔记,加上一些共性的元素。比如:“全球”这个概念, 有时会写“w”;有时也写成“⊙” 。写法各异,但都属于认知常识范畴。 对于这一情况,我也反复告诫学友,口译上常见的表达和词汇,要用符号,因为用熟悉的“固定符号”更加容易想象到这些信息,所以大家就得掌握熟记这些符号,这样才可以在考试中赢得更多翻译和口译的时间。

汉译英答案3

汉英语篇翻译练习答案: 1.Retirement Attitudes toward retirement vary from person to person. Some people think that they will enjoy their time in retirement, but when it comes they may feel a little disappointed. Unwilling to resign themselves to the prospect of being put on the scrap heap, they try to seek alternative outlets for their energies and alternative sources of income that employment can provide. Others have already prepared themselves for the significant change in their lives. Tired out after all exhaus ting life revolving around work, they are anxious to relax in retirement with all the strains relieved. As there is no more need to rush to catch a morning bus and no more anxiety about promotion, they now have enough time to fulfill an old dream, such as writing, painting, growing flowers and traveling around. On the whole, female workers tend to have a more favorable attitude towards retirement than male workers. Withdrawal from employment to complete domesticity is a far less threatening experience for a woman than for a man. 2. Good-bye, My Ill-fated Motherland! The moment I set foot on the deck of the ship, there began my temporary separation from Chinese oil and a feeling of parting sorrow welled up in my heart. At sailing time, I stood on deck watching the ship receding slowly from the bank until I was out of sight of the towering waterfront buildings and the foreign warships on the Huangpu River. Thereupon I turned round with hot tears in my eyes, murmuri ng, “Good-bye, my ill-fated motherland!” Good-bye, my ill-fated motherland! I own what I am to the upbringing you have given me during the past 22 years. I have spent every day of my life in your warm bosom and under your loving care. Y ou have given me joy and sorrow as well as food and clothing. This is where my close relatives were born and brought up and where I have friends here and there. Y ou gave me a wide variety of happiness in my early childhood, but you have also been the source of my sorrow ever since I began to understand things. Here I have witnessed all sorts of human tragedy. Here I have come to know the times we live in. Here I have undergone untold sufferings. I have been struggling, fighting and, time and again, found myself on the brink of destruction and covered all over with cuts and bruises. I have laid to rest, with tears and sighs, some of my close relatives—relatives victimized by old feudal ethnics. Here, besides beautiful mountains and rivers and fertile farmland, we have ghastly prisons and execution grounds as well. Here bad people hold sway while good people suffer and justice is trodden down underfoot. Here people have to wage a savage struggle in order to win freedom. Here man eats man. O the numerous terrible scenes! O the numerous sad memories! O the grand Y ellow River! O the mysterious Y angtze River! Where on earth are your glories of the past? O my native land! O my people! How can I have the heart to leave you! Good-bye, my ill-fated motherland! Much as I hate you, I’ve got to love you as ever. (选自《英语世界》2004年第三期,张培基译)

历年上海英语中级口译翻译英译汉真题及答案

历年上海英语中级口译翻译英译汉真题及答案 原文: 出自Newsweek Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers The relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation’s future. Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations. For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well. They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements. Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess (and some people definitely do not). Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not. 我们为什么必须叫停“不称职”的老师?

新视野大学英语读写教程2汉译英翻译题及答案

1. 她连水都不愿喝一口,更别提留下来吃饭了。(much less) 2. 他认为我在对他说谎,但实际上我讲的是实话。(whereas) 3. 这个星期你每天都迟到,对此你怎么解释?(account for) 4. 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。(due to) 5. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。(result in) 5. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。(result in) 6. 我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力,所以我们只能继续。(pour into) Unit2 1. 尽管她是家里的独生女,她父母也从不溺爱她。(despite) 2. 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会,也没给我打电话作任何解释。(nor) 3. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说,但决不是什么大作家。(next to; by no means) 4. 他对足球不感兴趣,也从不关心谁输谁赢。(be indifferent to) 5. 经理需要一个可以信赖的助手,在他外出时,由助手负责处理问题。(count on) 6. 这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲。(in the presence of sb.) Unit3 1. 你再怎么有经验,也得学习新技术。(never too... to...) 2. 还存在一个问题,那就是派谁去带领那里的研究工作。(Use an appositional structure) 3. 由于文化的不同,他们的关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难。(meet with) 4. 虽然他历经沉浮,但我始终相信他总有一天会成功的。(ups and downs; all along) 5. 我对你的说法的真实性有些保留看法。(have reservations about) 6. 她长得并不特别高,但是她身材瘦,给人一种个子高的错觉。(give an illusion of) Unit4 1. 有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎?(Use "it" as the formal subject) 2. 不管黑猫白猫,能抓住老鼠就是好猫。(as long as) 3. 你必须明天上午十点之前把那笔钱还给我。(without fail) 4. 请允许我参加这个项目,我对这个项目非常感兴趣。(more than + adjective) 5. 人人都知道他比较特殊:他来去随意。(be free to do sth.) 6. 看她脸上不悦的神色,我觉得她似乎有什么话想跟我说。(feel as though) Unit5 1. 他说话很自信,给我留下了很深的印象。(Use "which" to refer back to an idea or situation) 2. 我父亲太爱忘事,总是在找钥匙。(Use "so... that..." to emphasize the degree of something) 3. 我十分感激你给我的帮助。(be grateful for) 4. 光线不足,加上地面潮湿,使得驾驶十分困难。(coupled with) 5. 由于缺乏资金,他们不得不取消了创业计划。(starve of) 6. 每当有了麻烦,他们总是依靠我们。(lean on) Unit6 1. 就像机器需要经常运转一样,身体也需要经常锻炼。(as... so...) 2. 在美国学习时,他学会了弹钢琴。(while + V-ing) 3. 令我们失望的是,他拒绝了我们的邀请。(turn down) 4. 真实情况是,不管是好是坏,随着新科技的进步,世界发生了变化。(for better or worse) 5. 我班里的大多数女生在被要求回答问题时都似乎感到不自在。(ill at ease) 6. 当地政府负责运动会的安全。(take charge of)Unit7

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