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口译基础训练之英译汉口译专题训练之四

口译基础训练之英译汉口译专题训练之四
口译基础训练之英译汉口译专题训练之四

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口译教室

口译训练的步骤,一般是从英译汉入手,经过一段时间的强化训练,再转入汉译英的训练。英译汉的训练,一般是以“读译”作为先导,然后再进入听译的练习阶段。这两个阶段训练所用的训练材料,通常遵循由易到难、由短到长的原则,根据受训者的接受程度与接受特点,分别地逐量递增,但起始时所用句子的最低长度,必须以一个完整意义的表达单位为准。这里所谓的“一个完整意义的表达单位”,可以是一个句子,也可以是一个超越单个句子、含有多个句子的句组。换言之,训练中切不可人为地将一个完整意义的表达单位一切为二,或切割成多个以供训练的单位。这一点至关重要。

将英译汉作为起始训练的好处,主要见于以下几个方面:

第一,以检验输出质量为基本目标的强化训练可以克服目前学生中普遍存在的以单纯解读为目标而造成的“有效输入不足”的毛病,并籍此将对所读、所听的材料必须做到“词词理解、句句落实”的要求视为这一阶段训练的基本要求,进而提升语言信息输入的质量。这里既涉及到认识的提高,也涉及到态度的认真,以及习惯的改变。基于这样的共识:语言信息输出的质量,取决于语言信息输入的质量,因此,我们应不断加强语言信息的有效输入,并将这一认识,贯彻并体现在日常训练的始终。

第二,这种训练,还可以“逼迫”学生不断拓展自己的英语的表达方式。由于必须在阅读一遍或听过一遍之后立刻对原文“词词理解、句句落实”,学生必须对英语句子意义的实现手段,从宏观和微观的两个层面都十分熟悉。因为任何一个方面出现问题,无论是语汇上的,还是结构上的问题,都可能致使输出训练过程受阻,或输出的意义出错。每一次受阻或出错后,学员都可以从反思中找出各自的问题所在,并能从中获得新的表达手段和表达方式。随着这个过程的不断进行,学员便得以不断提高英语的表达能力,进而为日后的汉译英训练做好准备。

第三,注重时效的英译汉强化输出训练,可提升学生的汉语表达能力,以克服“1+1=2”这一简单刻板的对应式口译模式。学生在经受训练的过程中,无时不在体验英汉两种语言表达模式的异同,并在此中的苦苦挣扎中,努力地寻求突破。英汉两种语言在表达方式上的相同之处,学生往往做来从容不迫、游刃有余,这里勿需多述,而两者相异的方面,足以使初始上手的学生绞尽脑汁、搜索枯肠。从现象的角度分析,我们不难看出这一事实:由于英语语言的形合特点,使得学生旨在获得信息的读译过程所经历的接受信息的过程模式本身,无论从语汇方面,还是在结构方面,均异化为与汉语相殊的另一新的模式,进而成为汉语表达的干扰因素。限于篇幅,这里仅举一个简单的英语汉译的例子来加以说明。假如你听别人说了这样一句话让你口译:"You can't betoo careful!"口译的初学者们,往往会因为进入了英语表意的模式,而译成这样的句子:“你是不可能太小心的。”这个译文值得商榷。口译者应能迅速得意忘形,根据当时的情景或说话人讲话的前后内容,分别表述成“你要越小心越好、”“你可要倍加小心哦、”“你再小心也不为过”;甚至译为“你怎么可能太小心呢!”也未尝不可。这种基于理解上根据具体情形而做出的“得意忘形”的汉语语言表达能力,是口译者必须具备的一个重要职业素质。

(曹 航 上海外国语大学法学院)

口译基础训练 英译汉口译专题训练之四

口译教室

接下来做一则练习,这篇文字摘自美国哈佛大学前任校长Neil L Rudenstine先生于1998年3月

23日在北大所做演讲的前半部分。

1. Good morning, everyone! I come to you in the spirit of friendship and learning. This is my first visit

to China, so I am at the beginning of a voyage of discovery—one I have looked forward to for many years.2. Our universities, as well as our societies, have different cultures and traditions—and much still to

learn about one another. At the same time, we hold many things in common.

3. One of them—perhaps the most important—is our belief of the power of education: a belief that

all of us, through a devotion to learning, can lead lives of value to the societies in which we live.4. In this sense, I am visiting you today not as a representative of another nation or culture, but as a fellow

member of the international university community—concerned, like you, about the advancement of

education and knowledge within our own countries, but also across national and cultural borders, in a spirit

of true exchange.

5. It is certainly important that university research contribute to economic well being—as it surely

does. And it is certainly important that a university education help students to pursue useful and satisfying

work—as it does.

6. At the same time, however, there is much more to excellent education than can be measured in dollars

or RMB.

7. The best education not only helps us to be more productive in our professions, it also makes us more

reflective, more inquiring and insightful, more complete and fulfilled human beings.

8. It helps scientists to appreciate the arts, and artists to appreciate the sciences. It helps us to see

connections across different fields of learning that we otherwise might not grasp. It helps us to lead more

interesting and valuable lives: as individuals, and as members of our communities.

参考译文

1. 各位,早上好!我本着友谊,本着学习的态度来到这里。这是我第一次访问中国,而现在

正是我期盼多年的发现旅程的开始。

2. 我们的大学以及我们的社会都有着不同的文化和传统。我们之间还有很多有待相互学习,同时,我们却有许多相同的东西。

3. 其中之一,我想可能是最重要的,便是我们都相信教育的力量,相信我们所有的人,通过

努力学习,都能过着一种对于我们所处社会有价值的生活。

4. 从这点上讲,今天我并不是代表另一个国家或另一种文化而来,而是作为国际大学教育界

的同仁,带着交流的诚意,来到这里,与你们共同关注教育和知识的发展;不仅仅是我们自己国

内的发展,还包括跨文化、跨国界的发展。

5. 毋容置疑,大学研究很重要的一点便是能促进经济的发展,事实上它的确起到了这样的作用;同样重要的是,大学教育帮助学生从事有意义而又称心的工作,而在这方面,它确实也做到了。

6. 不过,优质的教育所带来的其它更多的好处,是无法用美元和人民币来衡量的。

7. 最好的教育不仅使我们的工作更加富有成效,还使我们更善于慎思明辩、开拓进取、洞察

细微,变得更加完美,充实。

8. 这种教育使得科学家们学会欣赏艺术,而艺术家们也开始了解科学;这种教育使我们掌握

了不同学科之间的联系,否则我们也许便无法做到这一点;这种教育使我们作为个人也好、或者

作为社会的一员,生活更加有趣、更有价值。

汉译英口译文字材料

Passage 1 女士们、先生们:很高兴能有机会参加这次“中国日”年会。亚洲是世界上最大的洲,拥有世界60%的人口。它资源丰富,历史悠久。中国式亚洲的一员,同所有亚洲人民一样,中国人民勤劳智慧。中国人民愿与所有亚洲人民一起,共创亚洲的美好明天。 Passage 2 我们非常高兴能和你们在英格兰度过这样一段愉快的时光。在告别英格兰的时候,我觉得自己对它和它的历史有了更多的了解。我们希望在不久的将来能在中国接待诸位,请诸位看看中国的变化。现在,我提议为东道主的健康干杯!希望在不久能看见你们。 Passage 3我非常感谢您热情友好的欢迎辞。印度是最古老的文明摇篮之一,访问印度是我的强烈愿望。我为能成为贵公司的客人而深感荣幸。这次访问给予我一次很好的机会结交新朋友。我公司同印度有着有好的合作关系。我们在许多领域里的合作都取得了重大进展。我们的合作是富有成效的。我们将继续成为和睦共助的伙伴关系。 Passage 4今晚,我们很高兴在北京大学接待格林博士和夫人。我代表学校的全体师生员工向格林博士和夫人及其他新西兰贵宾表示热烈的欢迎。中新两国教育界人士的互访,增进了相互间的了解和学术交流。我相信格林博士这次对对我校的访问必将为进一步加强两校的友好合作关系做出重要贡献。明天,贵宾们将要赴南京和上海访问,我预祝大家一路旅途愉快。 Passage 5今天各位能出席这个招待会,我们深感荣幸。欢迎到中国来。在发展对外贸易中,我们坚持“互相尊重、平等互利”的原则,这一原则有助于发展我们各国独立的民族经济。我愿借此机会对各位朋友给予我们的合作和支持表示感谢。 Passage 6 在这个满天星斗、举国同庆的夜晚,我谨代表公司的全体同仁,感谢各位来宾从百忙之中拔冗光临我们的春节联欢晚会。春节是我国一年中的良辰佳时,我希望各位中外同事共度一个轻松、欢快的夜晚。我愿外国来宾能尽情品尝中国的传统佳肴和美酒。我希望这次晚会能使我们彼此有机会沟通、增进友谊。最后我再次感谢各位嘉宾的光临,并祝各位新年健康、事业有成。 Passage 7近年来,中国在交通方面的资金投入每年都有所增加,公路建设因此有了很大发展。到去年末,这方面的投资超过了人民币3,200亿元。自从我国实行西部大开发策略后,西部的公路建设也得到了迅速发展。在今后的几年里,西部地区将继续成为公路建设的重点地区。 Passage 8中国加快发展,将给中美关系发展提供新的机遇与动力。例如,中国的旅游业带动航空业的发展,已经给美国企业带来了可观的实惠。中国从美国进口大量的大豆、小麦等农产品,为美国农业提供了广阔的市场。我相信,中国完全有可能在未来的20年乃至更长的时间里,继续保持稳定快速的经济增长。 Passage 9中国是一个发展中国家,人口多,底子薄,农村地区经济不发达。穷

自考口译与听力0602(6-14汉译英)

Unit 6 Opening and closing ceremonies Lesson Three Translation for the text (All those on the rostrum and those present took their seats.) Good afternoon, representatives, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen! The 1999 global celebration ceremony of World Habitat Day formally opens. Please rise for the National Anthem. Sit down, please. Now , allow me to introduce the distinguished leaders and guests present on the rostrum: Acting Executive Director of UNCHS(United Nations Centre for Human Settlement )…Mr. xx; Minister of China Construction Department, Mr. xx; Mayor of Dalian, Mr. xx; Chairman of England Construction and Social Housing Fund Committee, Mr. xx; Coordinator of UNCHS, Mr.xx Let’s welcome the mayor of Dalian, Mr. xx to give the welcome speech. (The mayor gives the welcome speech.) Thank you, Mr. Mayor. The UN Secretary General, Mr. Annan has sent his greeting speech to the Habitat Day. Please project his speech. (Secretary General Annan’s speech is projected.) Welcome the Minister of Construction Department, Mr. xx to give his speech. (The minister makes his speech.) Welcome the Acting Executive Director of UNCHS to give his World Habitat Day address.( The Director addresses.) It is time for the Award Ceremony of the 1999 UN Habitat Prize which is set by UN as the highest honor prize for the governments, organizations, individuals all over the world that have made remarkable contributions in habitat field. Let’s welcome the coordinator of UNCHS to announce and introduce the list of prize winners. (The list is announced.) Let’s invite the Acting Executive Director of UNCHS to present the award.( Music is played.) Welcome the Egyptian prize winners to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Dalian Mayor…to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome the Indian representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Colombian representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Slovakian representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome American representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Ghanaian representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize; Welcome Kenyan representative to come to the rostrum to receive your prize (The music comes and ends Let’s welcome the Chairman of England Construction and Social Housing Fund Committee to announce and introduce the 1999 Habitat Prizes for individuals. (The list is introduced and announced.) Welcome Mr. xx and Mr. xx from Britain to come to the rostrum to receive your prizes. Let’s invite the Minister of China Construction Department to present the award. (Music is played.) Today, we observe the grand global celebration ceremony of 1999 World Habitat Day in Dalian, which has achieved complete success under the instruction of UNCHS and with the help

2020考研英语:英译汉真题练习1完整篇.doc

situations. 【参考译文】 ①玩视频游戏鼓励孩子的即刻满足。 ②连续数小时看带有预录笑声的电视节目,只会使孩子以消极的方式处理信息。 ③同时,长时间通过耳机听节奏单调的音乐鼓励孩子待在自己封闭的天地里,而不是去做其他的尝试。 ④所有这些行为会阻止重要的交流与思考技能的提高,并且使孩子很难发展持久的注意力,而这将是未来他们从事的众多工作所需要的。 ⑤他们应该知道如何处理挫折、压力和不称职感。 ⑥他们还应该学习如何解决问题和化解冲突,学习开动脑筋和批判性思维的方法。 ⑦家庭讨论可以帮助孩子练习,并且帮助他们将这些技能应用到日常生活当中。 “搭配记忆法”对我们记忆单词、攻克翻译题有很大的帮助,但任何巧妙的方法都需要在长久的练习中熟能生巧,希望大家在以后的复习过程中,能按照这种方法把真题吃透,学英语贵在积累,三天打鱼两天晒网的学习方式要不得,只要坚持下去,终有一天,你的英语会变得很不一样!

【参考译文】 ①想要申请攻读博士学位的每一个学生都应该阅读一下这本精妙的、睿智的小书:《思想的市场:美国大学的改革和抗拒》。 ②然后他们可能会决定另觅他路。 ③因为在美国大学里已经发生了某种奇妙的事情,哈佛大学英语教授Louis Menand敏锐地捕捉到了这一点。 ④他关注的主要是人文学科:文学、语言、哲学等类似的学科。 ⑤这些都是要过时了的学科:现在美国大学的研究生中有22%的学生选择商务为自己的专业,与之相比只有2%的人主修历史专业,4%的学生主修英语专业。 “搭配记忆法”对我们记忆单词、攻克翻译题有很大的帮助,但任何巧妙的方法都需要在长久的练习中熟能生巧,希望大家在以后的复习过程中,能按照这种方法把真题吃透,学英语贵在积累,三天打鱼两天晒网的学习方式要不得,只要坚持下去,终有一天,你的英语会变得很不一样!

2019年CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题及参考答案

2019年CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题及参考答案 【第一篇】 So where there is financial connection, we see that rapid improvements in quality of life can quickly follow. In our modern context, there are several important channels to achieving this greater financial connectivity. I want to highlight two today: increased capital mobility and increased financial inclusion. First, enabling capital to flow more freely. Allowing capital to flow across borders can help support inclusive growth. Right now, foreign direct investment —FDI — is only 1.9 percent of GDP in developing countries. Before the global financial crisis, it was at 2.5 percent. Making progress on major infrastructure needs will require capital flows to rise again and to be managed safely. Greater openness to capital flows can also bring down the cost of finance, improve the efficiency of the financial sector, and allow capital to support productive investments and new jobs. Challenges that come with opening up capital markets. Thankfully, we know from experience the elements that are required for success. These include sound financial regulation, transparent rules for investment, and attention to fiscal sustainability. We also need increased financial inclusion. A few numbers: close to half of the adult population in low and middle-income Asia-Pacific economies do not have a bank account. Less than 10 percent have ever borrowed from a financial institution. And yet, we know that closing the finance gap is an “economic must-have” for nations to thrive in the 21st century. IMF analysis shows that if the least financially inclusive countries in Asia narrowed the finance gap to the level of Thailand — an emerging market economy — the poverty rate in those countries could be reduced by nearly 4 percent. How can we get there? In part, through policies that enable more women and rural citizens to access financial services. The financial gender gap for women in developing countries is about 9 percent and has remained largely unchanged since 2011. There is no silver bullet, but we know that fintech can play a catalyzing role. In Cambodia, for example, strong public-private partnerships in supporting mobile finance has led to a tripling in the number of micro-financial institutions since 2011. These institutions have now provided loans to over 2 million new borrowers, representing nearly 20 percent of the adult population. Many of these citizens had never had a bank account. Now they can save for the future and perhaps even start a business of their own. These are ideas that can work everywhere. But countries have to be willing to partner and learn from each other. That is one of the major reasons why last October, the IMF and World Bank launched the Bali Fintech Agenda. The agenda lays out key principles — from developing financial markets to safeguarding financial integrity — that can help each nation as it strives for greater financial inclusion. 【第一篇参考答案】

策马翻译培训翻译汉译英练习15篇(口译)

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