英美文学选读2
全国高等教育自学考试
英美文学选读模拟试题（二）
（课程代码：0604）
(全部题目用英文作答)
PART ONE(40 POINTS)
I. Multiple Choice (40 points in all，1 for each)
Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
1. “My last Duchess” is a poem that best exemplifies Robert Browning?s .
A. sensitive ear for the sounds of the English language
B. excellent choice of words
C. mastering of the metrical devices
D. use of the dramatic monologue
2. William Wordsworth asserts that poetry originates from .
A. form
B. thoughts
C. artistic devices
D. emotion
3. Which of the following best describes the speaker of T. S. Eliot?s The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock?”
A. He is a man of action.
B. He is a man of apathy.
C. He is a man of inactivity.
D. All the above are not true.
4. Who, disregarding grammar and punctuation, always used “i” instead of “I” to refer to himself as a protest against self-importance?
A. Cummings
B. Wallance Stevens
C. F. Scott. Fitzgerald
D. Ernest Hemingway
5. “All is not lost: the unconquerable will, and study of revenge, immortal hate, and courage never to submit or yield: And what is else not to be overcome?”
The above excerpt comes from .
A. Dr. Fanstas
B. Paradise Lost
C. Paradise Regained
D. Tamburlaine
6. “Man shall find grace.” But he must lay hold of it by an act of free will. The freedom of the will is the keystone of ?s creed.
A. Milton
B. Jonathan Swift
C. Henry Fielding
D. Samuel Johnson
7. In Coleridge?s The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”, the mariner suffers the horror of death, because .
A. he experiences a shipwreck
B. he is tortured with starvation
C. he undergoes much suffering
D. he kills an albatross
8. Henry Jame?s fame generally rests upon his novels and stories with .
A. international theme
B. national theme
C. European theme
D. regional theme
9. In Hardy?s Wessex novels, there is an apparent touch in his description of the simple and beautiful though primitive rural life.
A. nostalgic
B. humorous
C.romantic
D. sarcastic
10. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between and centuries.
A. 14 th…mid-17 th
B. 16 th…middle-17 th
C. 14 th…mid-18 th
D. 16 th…mid-19 th
11. is not Milton?s work.
A. Areopagitica
B. Paradise Lost
C. Paradise Regained
D. Gulliver’s inactivity
12. From Eugene O?Neill?s works, we can see he is .
A. a man of optimism
B. a man of pessimism
C. a man of apathy
D. a man of inactivity
13. In which of the following poems by William Butler Yeats did you find the allusion to Helen and the Trojan War?
A. Sailing to Byzantium
B. Sown by the Sally Garden
C.The Lake Isle of Innisfree
D. Leda and the Swan
14. The four great odes of John Keats are the following EXCEPT .
A. Ode on Melancholy
B. Ode on a Grecian Urn
C. Ode to a Nightingale
D. Ode to the West Wind
15. and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanism.
A. John Donne, Edmund Spenser
B. John Milton, Thomas More
C. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe
D. Edmund Spenser, Christopher Marlowe
16. In his life, shows himself a real revolutionary, a master poet and a great prose writer. He fought for freedom in all aspects as a Christian humanist, while his achievements in literature make him tower over all the other English writers of his time and exert a great influence over later ones.
A. William Shakespeare
B. Edmund Spenser
C.John Donne
D. John Milton
17. Alexander Pope?s An Essay on Criticism is a didactic .
A. allegory
B. prose
C. poem
D. play
18. Mark Twain?s first novel , written in collaboration with Charles D. Warner and published in 1873, though not an artistic success, gives its name to the America of the Post-Civil War period which it attempts to satirize.
A. The Age of Innocence
B. The Roughing Time
C. The Jazz Age
D. The Gilded Age
19. frequently applied conceits in his poems.
A. Donne
B. Blake
C. Spenser
D. Thomas Gray
20. In the following writings, has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English prose.
A. Essays by Francis Bacon
B. The Advancement of Learning
C. Novum Organum by Francis Bacon
D. Of Studies by Francis Bacon
21. Lycidas is a work of Milton written for .
A. his parents
B. his sister
C. his fellow undergraduate
D. his teacher
22.In the literary history of the United States, the Age of Realism refers to .
A. the period ranging from 1865 to 1914
B. the period stretching from the end of the 18th century to the outbreak of the Civil War
C. the period ranging from 1860 to 1914
D. All the above are not true
23. The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole galley of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely .
A. William Langland?s Piers Plowman
B. John Gower?s Confessio Amantis
C.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
D. Geoffrey Chaucer?s The Canterbury Tales
24. Robert Browning?s style is .
A. identical with that of the other Victorian
B. similar to that of Tennyson
C. perfectly artistic
D.rough and disproportionate in appearance 25．Thoreau was often alone in the woods or by the pond, lost in spiritual communication with .
A. nature
B. transcendentalist ideas
C. human beings
D. celestial beings 26．Stylistically, Henry James? fiction is characterized by .
A. highly refined language
B. ordinary American speech
C. short, clear sentences D．abundance of local images
27. Sinclair Lewis?Babbit presents a documentary picture of the narrow and limited .
A. upper-class mind
B. middle-class mind
C. proletarian
D. ordinary people
28. The sentences “…Come to me—come to me entirely now?, said he; and added, in his deepest tone, speaking in my ear as his cheek was laid on mine, …Make my happiness—I will make yours?” are found in .
A. Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte
B. Lines Written in Early Spring by William Wordsworth
C. Tom Jones by Henry Fielding
D. The School for Scandal by Sheridan
29. The most important characteristic in Ulysses by Alfred Tennyson is .
A. mastering of language
B. excellent choice of words
C. use of the dramatic monologue
D. excellent metaphor
30. In the following comments, which is not TRUE?
A. Daniel Defoe started his first novel Robinson Crusoe at the age of nearly 60.
B. Most of Faulkner?s works are set in the American South, with his emphasis on the Southern subjects and consciousness.
C. The style which Hemingway had been trying hard to get is the “iceberg” analogy.
D. O?Neill seemed to keep his old writing styles and forms for his plays during the twenties.
31. Dr. Faustus, the protagonist in Christopher Marlowe?s The Tragic History of Dr. Faustus, is the very face that .
A. man is confined to time
B. he tried to join Africa to Spain
C. he became a man without soul after sold it
D. he conjured up Helen, the lady who was the very cause of Trojan War
32. The author of the work Domby and Son is .
A. Charles Dickens
B. Henry James
C. Robert Lee Frost
D. Ezra Pound
33. Yank?s sense of belonging nowhere, hence homeless and rootless. The Hairy Ape in thus a play that concerns the problem of modern man?s .
A. love
B. homey relations
C. identity
D. development
34. Adventure of Huckleberry Finn is best known for Mark Twain?s wonderful characterization of “” a typical American boy.
A. Jim
B. Huck
C. Tom Sawyer
D. Miss Watson
35. By Brown in Young Goodman Brown, Hawthorne means he is an (a) .
A. protagonist
B. Everyman
C. colossus
D. spokesman
36. In his famous poem “Sailing to Byzantium”, Yeats did not explore the problem of .
A. love
B. death
C. art
D. health
37. Galsworthy was a writer, having inherited the fine traditions of the great Victorian novelists of the critical realism such as Dickens and Thackeray.
A. naturalistic
B. romantic
C. realistic
D. conventional
38. George Bernard Shaw?s career as a dramatist began in 1892, when his first play was put on by the Independent Theater Society.
A. Candida
B. Widower?s Houses
C. Mrs. Warren?s Profession
D. The Apple Cart
39. As a love story, Wuthering Heights is one of the most moving: the passion between
proves the most intense, the most beautiful and at the same time the most horrible.
A. Hareton and Cathy
B. Heathcliff and Catherine
C. Hareton and Catherine
D. Healthcliff and Cathy
40. used wisdom in saving Antonio from being punished by Shylock in the Merchant of Venice.
A. Judge B．Bassanio C. Portia D. Nobody
PART TWO(60 POINTS)
II. Reading Comprehension(16 points in all，4 for each)
Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English．Write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet．
41. “I like to see it lap the Miles—
And lick the Valleys up—
And stop to feed itself at Tanks—
And then—prodigious step”
Questions：
A. Please give the name of the author.
B. What does “it” in this poem refer to?
C. What idea does this poem express?
42. “Had I as many souls as there be stars
I?d give them all for Mephistophilis!
By him I?ll be great emperor of the world,
And make a bridge through the moving air
To pass the ocean with a band the of men;
I?ll join the hills that bind the Afric shore
And make that country continent to Spain,
And both contributory to my crown;
The Emperor shall not live but my leave.
Nor any potentate of Germany.
Now that I have obtained what I desire
I?ll live in speculation of this art
Till Mephistophilis return again.”
Questions：
A. Identify the author and the title of the work from which the passage is taken.
B. Is this a poem, novel or play?
C. Based on the passage, write down in one or two sentences the theme of the play.
43. “For oft, when on my couch I lie.
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.”
Questions：
A. Name the poet and the title of the work from which the stanza is taken.
B. Use one or two sentences to describe the position of the poem in English literature.
C. Write down the characteristic of the poem.
44. “To be, or not to be—that is the question;
Whether? tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
And by opposing end term? To die, to sleep—
No more; and by a sleep to say we end
The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks
That flesh is heir to, ?tis a consummation
Devoutly to be wish?d. To die, to sleep;”
Questions：
A. What is the meaning of “To be, or not to be”?
B. Based on the passage, discuss the characteristic of the protagonist.
C. What does “the third line” imply?
III．Questions and Answers(24 points in all，6 for each)
Give a brief answer to each of the following questions in English．Write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet．
45. Being a period of the great flowering of American literature, the Romantic Period is called “the American Renaissance”. Briefly discuss what the features of American literature in this period are.
46. What is “The Lost Generation”?
47. Mark Twain and Henry James are two representatives of the realistic writers in American literature. How is Twain?s realism different from James?s realism?
48. Browning style is very different from that of any other Victorian poets. His poet style belongs to the twentieth century rather than to the Victorian age. What is the art of his poems?
IV. Topic Discussion(20 points in all，10 for each)
Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.
49. Nathaniel Hawthorne is one of the most interesting, yet most ambivalent writers in the American literature history. According to him, “There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity.” Based on this thought, he completed Young Goodman Brown. Let?s try to discuss the theme of this work.
50. Based on Jane Eye by Charlotte Bronte, discuss the theme of her works, the image of woman protagonists and the comprehensive sense for contemporary society.
参考答案：
Ⅰ.1.D 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B
6.A
7.D
8.A
9.A 10.A
11.D 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.C
16.D 17.C 18.D 19.A 20.A
21.C 22.A 23.D 24.D 25.A
26.A 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.D
31.A 32.A 33.C 34.B 35.B
36.D 37.D 38.B 39.B 40.C
Ⅱ.41. A. Emily Dickinson
B. “It” refers to a train. Here “it” is compared to a part of
nature.
C. The poem expresses the author’s suspicion of the relationship
between man and nature.
42. A. Dr. Faustus by Christopher Marlowe.
B. a play
C. Man’s aspiration, bounding achievements, and the inevitable
failure.
43. A. William Wordsworth, I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.
B. The poem is perhaps the most anthologized one in English
literature, and one that takes us to the core of Wordsworth’s
poetic beliefs.
C. The poem is a masterpiece on nature.
44. A. To live on in this world or to die, to suffer or to take action.
B. He is a man of speculation, umbrage and contemplation.
C. The protagonist lived in a world that full of troubles, and he
was often determined to take up arms against troubles that sweep
upon him like a sea, but he did not success.
Ⅲ. 45. (1) The whole nation had a strong sense of optimism and the mood of “feeling good”, giving birth to the spectacular outburst of romantic feeling.
(2) The English counterpart exerted a stimulating impact on the writers of the young nation.
(3) Taking foreign influence into consideration, the great works of American writers still carried typically American romantic color. (4) The young nation had brought forth its own philosophy such as Transcendentalism, stressing man’s capacity of knowledge truth intuitively and of attaining knowledge transcending the reach of the sense.
46. When the First World War broke out, many young men volunteered to take part in “the war to end wars” only to find that modern warfare was not as glorious or heroic as they thought it to be. Disillusioned and disguised by the frivolous, greedy, and heedless way of life in America, they began to write and they wrote from their own experience in the war. Among these young writers were the most prominent figures in American literature, especially in modern American literature. They were basically expatriates who left America and formed a community of writers and artists in Paris, involved with other European novelists and poets in their experimentation on new modes of thought and expression. These writers were later named “The Lost Generation”.
47.(1) Mark Twain’s realism is tainted with local color, preferring to have his own region and people at the forefront of his stories;
(2) Jame’s realism is concerned with the “inner world” of man;
(3) Jame’s realism is also concerned with the international theme;
(4) Twain’s language is simple and colloquial;
(5) Twain employs humor in his writing;
(6) Jame’s language is elaborate and refined with lengthy
psychological analyses.
48.(1) In his poems, Browning chooses a dramatic moment or a crisis, in which his characters are made to talk about their lives, and about their minds and hearts.
(2) Browning’s poetry is not easy to read. His rhythms are often too fast, too rough and unmusical. The syntax is usually clipped and highly compressed. The similes and illustrations appear too profusely.
(3) The allusions and implications are sometimes odd farfetched. All this makes up his obscurity.
(4) There are abundant metaphors in his poems.
Ⅳ.49.(1) Young Goodman Brown is essentially an allegory. It is concerned with a young Puritan who attends a witches’Sabbath in the woods.
(2) Goodman Brown’s journey is a symbolic journey of discovering sin and evil in human hearts. The discovery is horrible in that it makes Brown a distrust and doubtful man forever.
(3) In dealing with the theme of guilt and sin, Hawthorne exemplifies the “power of blackness”.
(4) The story faithfully reflects Hawthorne’s Puritan belief: “There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity.”
50.(1) Charlotte’s works are all about the struggle of an individual consciousness towards self-realization, about some lonely and neglected young women with a fierce longing for love, understanding and a full, happy life.
(2) All her heroines’ highest joy arises from some sacrifice of self or some human weakness overcome.
(3) The image of woman in her works are mostly that of the middle-class working women, particularly governesses with strong feelings, fiery passions and some extraordinary personalities.
(4) Her works present a vivid realistic picture of the English society by exposing the cruelty, hypocrisy and other evils of the upper classes, and by showing the misery and suffering of the poor. Especially in Jane Eyre, she sharply criticizes the existing society, e.g. religious hypocrisy of charity institutions.
自考英美文学选读 第一章 文艺复兴时期(英国)(课文翻译)
英美文学选读翻译（英语专业自考） 第一部分：英国文学 第一章文艺复兴时期 文艺复兴标志着一个过渡时期,即中世纪的结束和现代社会的开始。一般来说,文艺复兴时期是从十四世纪到十七世纪中叶。它从意大利兴起,伴随着绘画、雕塑和文学领域的百花齐放,而后文艺复兴浪潮席卷了整个欧洲。文艺复兴,顾名思义即重生、复苏,是由一系列历史事件激发推动的,其中包括对古希腊罗马文化的重新发现。地理天文领域的新发现,宗教改革及经济发展。因此,文艺复兴从本质上是欧洲人文主义者竭力摒弃中世纪欧洲的封建主义,推行代表新兴城市资产阶级利益的新思想,并恢复早期宗教的纯洁性,远离腐败的罗马天主教廷的一场运动。 文艺复兴浪潮影响到英国的速度比较慢,不仅因为英国远离欧洲大陆,而且还因为其国内的动荡不安。乔叟去世后的一个半世纪是英国历史上最动荡不安的时期。好战的贵族篡取了王位,使英国走上自我毁灭之路。著名的玫瑰之战就是极好的例子。后来理查三世的恐怖统治标志着内战的结束,在都铎王朝的统治下英国的民族情感又成长起来。然而直到亨利八世统治期间(1509-1547),文艺复兴的春风才吹入英国。在亨利八世的鼓励下,牛津的改革派学者和人文主义者们将古典文学引入英国。基于古典文学作品及《圣经》的教育重获生机,而十五世纪就被广泛传阅的文学作品则更加流行了。自此,英国的文艺复兴开始了。英国,尤其是英国文学进入了黄金时代。这个时期涌现出莎士比亚、斯宾塞、约翰逊、锡德尼、马洛、培根及邓恩等一大批文学巨匠。但英国的文艺复兴并未使新文学与旧时代彻底决裂,带有十四、十五世纪特点的创作态度与情感依然贯穿在人文主义与改革时代。 人文主义是文艺复兴的核心。它源于努力恢复中世纪产生的对古希腊罗马文化的尊崇。人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以"人"为中心,人是万物之灵。通过这些对古代文化崭新的研究,人文主义者不仅看到了光彩夺目的艺术启明星,还在那古典作品中寻求到了人的价值。在中世纪的社会中,个人完全隶属于封建统治,没有独立和自由可言;在中世纪的神学理论中,人与周围世界的关系仅仅是人消极适应或消极遁世,不允许追求快乐,以备死后灵魂得以超脱。然而人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到了充足的论据,来赞美人性,并开始注意到人类是光荣的生命,人自己可以不断发展,至善至美,而且人们生存的世界是属于他们的,供他们怀疑、探索以及享受。由此,人文主义者通过强调人类的尊严、强调今生今世的重要性,喊出了他们的信仰,即人类不仅有权利在今生今世美好生活,而且还有能力完善自我,创造奇迹。人文主义遍布英国思想领域的。标志是荷兰学者伊拉斯谟先后到牛津大学与剑桥大学讲授古典文化研究。托马斯·漠尔、克利斯朵夫·马洛和威廉·莎士比亚是英国人文主义的代表。
网院北语18秋《英美文学选读》作业_2(满分)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ μ￥??ìa 1(4·?) : The lines, "Two roads diverged in a wood. and l/l took the one less traveled by,/And that has made all the difference. " are found in __________. A: Robert Frost?ˉs The Road Not taken" B: William Wordsworth?ˉs "Lines Written in Early Spring" C: John Keats?ˉs "Ode to Autumn" D: Percy Bysshe Shelly?ˉs "ode to the West Wind" 2(4·?) : In the first part of the novel Pride and prejudice, Mr. Darcy has a ￡¨n￡? ______ of the Bennet family. A: high opinion B: great admiration C: low opinion D: erroneous view 3(4·?) : In Hardy￡§s Wessex novels, there is an apparent _______ touch in his description of the simple and beautiful though primitive rural life. A: humorous B: romantic C: nostalgic D: sarcastic 4(4·?) : Which is considered the summit of Shakespeare?ˉs art. A: Hamlet B: Romeo and Juliet C: The Winter?ˉs Tale D: Love?ˉs Labour?ˉs Lost 5(4·?) : In Fitzgerald￡§s The Great Gatsby, there are detailed descriptions of big parties. The purpose of such descriptions is so show _______. A: emptiness of life B: the corruption of the upper class C: contrast of the rich and the poor D: the happy days of the Jazz Age 6(4·?) : Within her little lyrics Dickinson addresses those issues that concern ______, which include religion, death, immorality, love and nature. A: the whole human beings B: the frontiers C: the African Americans D: her relatives 7(4·?) : What does Wordsworth￡§s poem "The Solitary Reaper" tell us about Romanticist? A: To romanticists, poetry is an expression of an individual￡§s feelings and experiences no matter how fragmentary and momentary these feelings and experiences are. B: Romanticist take delight only in sound effect, the theme of a work is not
英美文学选读 傲慢与偏见
英 美 文 学 选 读 论 文 《傲慢与偏见》的女性 叙事视角解读 姓名： 班级： 学号：
《傲慢与偏见》的女性叙事视角解读 摘要: 奥斯丁在《傲慢与偏见》中，通过在全知视角下具有限制性的叙述模式向我们展示了灰姑娘的浪漫爱情故事，描绘出作者所处时代的社会道德风貌，表达了作者的女性抗争意识及对当时社会婚姻观的批判。 关键词: 全知视角;有限视角 在奥斯丁的著作中，《傲慢与偏见》一直深受读者的喜爱，并经受住了时间的考验，成为文学史上不休的名著。剖析其原因，发现这与奥斯丁高超的叙事技巧是分不开的。自小说发表以来，其叙述技巧引起了广泛的评论，纵观其评论，发现对其独特的女性视角分析还是不够。在这部小说中，奥斯丁颠覆了以往男权统治下的话语权，采用了全知视角下，从女性的有限视角展示故事，从女性的角度来描写生活，并首次让小说中的女性形象第一次成为真正意义上的主角，让女性有了话语权。因而，从女性视角这一角度对小说进行解读，对于理解和把握作品具有重要的意义。申丹曾指出：叙事者的性别不同，往往会对叙事模式及其意义产生影响。把性别和视角结合在一起的女性视角是指从性别入手来审视人类的文化遗产和文化创造的一种批评观念和批评角度。本文将从女性叙事视角对小说进行解读，发掘其对于展现女性意识的意义。 叙事视角，在文学作品中是指作品叙述者或者人物从什么角度观
察故事。从小说的整体来说，奥斯丁在《傲慢与偏见》中选择了全知视角，如在交代故事背景，人物首次出场以及在每章节中奥斯丁看似无意的评述。例如：小说的第一章第一句话就是通过贝内特太太总括式的议论“有钱的单身汉总是要娶位太太，这是一条公认的真理。”使读者顷刻间就能识别人物形象。贝内特太太在全知叙述视角下，是作为被叙述对象而存在，她的那句总括式议论，与作者的价值信念是完全不同的，因而造成了读者与她的距离，读者高高在上地评判着贝内特太太，笑她的迂腐和无知。但是正是这一人物形象，却揭露了当时社会上普遍流行的婚姻价值观，正是因为当时流行的婚恋观所以贝内特太太才把嫁女儿当作自己的人生大事，读者在嘲讽贝内特太太的同时也了解了整个社会背景，实际上读者对贝内特太太的疏离也拉近了读者和隐含作者的距离，从而拉近了读者和女主人公的距离。在全知视角的应用方面还可以从小说的第二十二章中，作者那一段心酸讽刺的话语评价了夏绿蒂的婚姻看出。“大凡家境不好而又受过相当教育的青年女子，总是把结婚当作仅有的一条体面的退路。尽管结婚并不一定会叫人幸福，但总算给自己安排了一条最可靠的储藏室，日后可以不致挨冻受饥。”这句话揭示出了当时女子在婚姻方面的被动局面，在男权社会里，女性一直处于附属地位，婚姻是两个门当户对家庭的结合，爱情的有无处于次要地位。对于女性来说，她在婚姻市场的卖点取决于她能够带来的嫁妆，像夏绿蒂这样没有嫁妆的女性，在当时只有两条路可走，一条是做家庭教师，另一条就是抓住婚姻，所以当迂腐的柯林斯向她求婚时她爽快地答应了，这在夏绿蒂看来似乎
如何学习《英美文学选读》
要通过《英美文学选读》这门课考试，不是考前“冲刺”一类的短训能奏效的。这门课难就难在它的阅读量很大，它包括英国和美国的诸多作家的诸多作品，而每一部作品就是一部书。现行统一教材在作家和作品的选取方面尽管已经是精而又精了，但还是不得不采用节选的办法来压缩篇幅。即便如此，为了更好地理解作品，考生还不得不在对整部作品了解的基础上，在教师指导下反复阅读节选，才能对节选部分的内容以及思想有较好的理解。不过文学阅读也有规律可循。下面的文字就“选读”课的性质、阅读时读取什么信息、现行试题各个部分的考查点是什么、如何回答简单论述题等问题，给考生一点提示，希望能对考生学习、复习《英美文学选读》课提供一些帮助。 第一部分《英美文学选读》课的性质 一、《英美文学选读》课的重点是作品顾名思义，“英美文学选读”是有选择地阅读英美文学史上有影响作家的重要作品，熟知作品内容，了解大多数批评家和读者已经接受的对这些作品主题的表述，并能从作品中找到、列举出证明这些表述的细节。这样的定义里有三个要注意的问题。一是作品内容，二是作品里的细节，三是节作品主题。三个同等重要，学习者不能只取其一。以小说为例，所谓作品内容，是指情节(plot)、场景(setting)、人物(characters)、语气(tone)、以及语言(style)。情节是指故事里所展示的事件和这些事件按作家意愿有序的安排，如事件发生的背景、事件中涉及的人物、事件本身(即冲突)、以及解决冲突的办法和结果。情节就是故事；没有情节就没有故事；熟知情节是理解文学作品，特别是小说和戏剧的第一、也是不可缺少的一步。不掌握故事情节，对作品进行深入分析就无从谈起。有故事当然就有人，对人物的分析是对作品分析的核心。语气是指作者在他／她刻画人物、安排情节、描写场景时所持的态度，而作者的态度直接影响我们对作品思想的理解。作者要表达自己对人物、事件的态度，只有通过文字才能与读者交流，而不同的作家使用语言的风格(style)是不一样的。如果掌握了以上内容，就掌握了细节，之所以把细节单列出来，是因为多数考生只记得大概情节，考试中不能用具体的细节进行人物或思想分析、评述，空话太多。劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》(Sons and Lovers)里，成年的保罗是如何仍然生活在他母亲的掌控之下的细节，是分析这部作品里的人物和主题的关键，不能引用相关细节作为根据，分析就失去了基础。阅读文学作品一定要在一般性的了解情节的基础上，尽量记一些细节，细节显示考生对作品的熟悉程度。主题是对作品思想的高度概括。教材里作家作品概述和作品简介(斜体部分)，对作品主题已有简明准确的表述，考生不可不读。对这些表述的理解，又是以考生对作品内容、细节的掌握为基础的。作品内容、细节、主题是考生学习的重点。 两点说明： (一)这里我们姑且不讨论新批评对作者和作品关系的观点，也不去讨论接受美学和读者反映理论，本科阶段没有开设文学批评理论课，没有必要进行那样的讨论，教师也不要引入类似的话题，以免造成不必要的困惑。 (二)从历年考题来看，作家的生卒年月、家庭背景、接受教育情况、作品发表年代等都不在考察范围，考生不必在这些方面浪费时间。目前市场上有一些英美文学教材和辅导材料在作家生平上花费了相当的篇幅，有的甚至远远超过了对文学作品本身的介绍和分析，这类书籍对考生复习没有多大帮助。教育部组织专家编写的现行教材尽管可以再修改、完善，但它的最大好处是它给考生提供了学生最需要的作品概要和精确而恰当的分析(教材里作品前的斜体部分)，对考生从作品全貌理解文学作品很有帮助。 二、文学作品与文学史的关系关于文学作品和文学史哪个在先、以及哪个更重要的问题，我们还是留给专门的学者去争论，我们要搞清楚的是考生学习过程中应该以哪一个为重点的问题。前面讲选读课的性质时已经讲过，《英美文学选读》课的重点是作品，以往考试所包括的内容也充分说明了这一点，似乎没有争论的必要。但我们不得不考虑另一个无法回避的问题：如何对待教材中每个文学阶段前对该时期影响文学作品的经济、文化、社会、思想思
英美文学选读要点总结精心整理3
英美文学选读要点总结精心整理3 I). Washington Irving华盛顿.欧文 11. He is regarded as Father of the American short stories.他是美国浪漫主义文学代表作家之一,美国短篇小说之父。 12. With the publication of The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Irving won a measure of international fame on both sides of the Atlantic.1819年至1820年，欧文出版了《见闻札记》，该书为欧文获得了欧美两大洲的文学荣誉。 13. A History of New York---He parodies or imitates Homer.《纽约史》在多方面模仿了荷马。 14. Like the two famous personae he created, Diedrich Knickerbocker and Geoffrey Crayon, Irving remained a conservative and always exalted a disappearing past.他所创造的两个人物Diedrich Knickerbocker和Geoffrey Crayon和他一样，都停留在对过去的事情的津津乐道上。 15. We hear rather than read, for there is musicality in almost every line of his prose. We seldom learn a moral lesson because he wants us amused and relaxed.他的作品行文优美流畅，犹如音乐。他的作品寓教于乐，给人以轻松安逸之感，如入梦境。 16. He is worth the honor of being“the American Goldsmith”for his literary craftsmanship.在创作艺术方面他堪称是“美国的近匠”。 17. “rip van winkle”—Here, Irving’s pervasive theme of nostalgia for the unrecoverable past is at on ce made unforgettable.“瑞普.凡.温克尔”---欧文在此表达了对一去不复返的东西十分依恋，笔触生动，令人难忘。 (II). Ralph Waldo Emerson拉尔夫.华尔多.爱默生 18. New England Transcendentalism, which is unanimously agreed to be the summit of the Romantic period in the history of American literature.在美国浪漫主义时期的文学中，新英格兰的超验主义是不可或缺的。 19. Emersonian Transcendentalism is actually a philosophical school which absorbed some ideological concerns of American Puritanism and European Romanticism, with its focus on the intuitive knowledge of human beings to grasp the absolute in the universe and the divinity of man.爱默生的超验主义实际上是在吸收美国清教思想，强调人类具有本能的掌握宇宙绝对真理和人的神性而形成的一个哲学流派。 20. In his essays, Emerson put forward his philosophy of the over-soul, the importance of the individual, and Nature.爱默生的文章提出了超灵哲学,个人及自然的重要性。 21. Emerson id a ffirmative about man’s intuitive knowledge, with which a man can trust himself to decide what is right and to act accordingly.爱默生相信人的直觉知识。人类可以利用自己的直觉决定是非并采取相应得行动。 22. The ideal individual should be a self-reliant man.一个理想的个人应是自助自立的人。 23. “Go back to nature, sink yourself back into its influence and you’ll become spiritually whole again.”“回到自然中去吧，沉浸在自然的影响中吧，你将重新获得精神的完整。” 24. In 1845, a great transcendentalist work Walden was born.1845年，写成了超验主义的伟大作品《沃尔登》。
英美文学选读试题详解3
英美文学选读-阶段测评3 成绩：87.5分 一、Multiple Choice 共40 题 题号: 1 本题分数:2.5 分 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/b910014585.html,wrence’s novels( )are generally regarded as his masterpieces. A、The Rainbow，Women in Love B、The Rainbow，Sons and Lovers C、Sons and Lovers，Lady Chatterley’s Lover D、Women in Love，Lady Chatterley’s Lover （P370.para2）劳伦斯的成名作是《儿子和情人》，而其代表作是《虹》和《恋爱中的女人》 标准答案：A 考生答案：A 本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 2 本题分数:2.5 分 T.S.Eliot’s poem( )is heavily indebted to James Joyce in terms of the stream - of -consciousness technique,also a prelude to The Waste Land. A、―Prufrock‖ B、―Gerontion‖ C、The Hollow Men D、Lyrical Ballads （P358.para3）―Gerontion‖是一部用戏剧式独白写成的诗歌，是《荒原》的前奏曲，也采用了意识流派的文风。 标准答案：B 考生答案：B
本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 3 本题分数:2.5 分 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/b910014585.html,wrence’s autobiographical novel is( ). A、The Rainbow B、Women in Love C、Sons and Lovers D、Lady Chatterley’s Lover （P369.para1）劳伦斯的作品大多都是从心理上去探求让人的本能的，同时也反映人性中最内在的东西。其作品《儿子和情人》真实地反映了自己在童年时期的家庭状况，被视为其半自传体小说。 标准答案：C 考生答案：C 本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 4 本题分数:2.5 分 The typical representatives of G.B.Shaw’ s early plays are( ). A、Man and Superman，The Apple Cart B、Widowers’ House，Mrs. Warren’ s Profession C、Candida，Mrs. Warren’ s Profession D、The Apple Cart，Widowers’ House （P321-322）。萧伯纳的第一步剧作是Widowers’ House，写于1892年；第二部剧作是Mrs. Warren’ s Profession，写于1893年。 标准答案：B 考生答案：B 本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 5 本题分数:2.5 分 It was only after the publication of( )that https://www.sodocs.net/doc/b910014585.html,wrence was recognized as a prominent novelist.
自考英美文学选读要点总结整理出考点26位作家完整教学内容
英美文学选读要点总结精心整理(只考26位作家) [英国』Chapter1 The Renaissance period（14世纪至十七世纪中叶）文艺复兴 1. Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.人文主义是文艺复兴的核心。 2. the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以“人”为中心，人是万物之灵。 3. Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy.人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到充足的论据，来赞美人性，并开始注意到人类是崇高的生命，人可以不断发展完善自己，而且世界是属于他们的，供他们怀疑，探索以及享受。 4. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.托马斯.摩尔，克利斯朵夫.马洛和威廉.莎士比亚是英国人文主义的代表。 5. Wyatt introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.怀亚特将彼特拉克的十四行诗引进英国。 6. The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimilation.英国文艺复兴初期只是一个学习模仿与同化的阶段。 7. The goals of humanistic poetry are: skillful handling of conventions, force of language, and, above all, the development of a rhetorical plan in which meter, rhyme, scheme, imagery and argument should all be combined to frame the emotional theme and throw it into high relief.人文主义诗歌的主要目标是对传统习俗的熟练运用，语言的力度与气概，而最重要的是发展了修辞模式，即将格律，韵脚（式），组织结构，意象（比喻，描述）与议论都结合起来勾画出情感主题，并将其极为鲜明生动的表现出来。 8. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and Ben Jonson.文艺复兴时期英国最著名的戏剧家有克利斯朵夫.马洛，威廉.莎士比亚与本.约翰逊。 9. Francis Bacon (1561-1626), the first important English essayist.费兰西斯.培根是英国历史上最重要的散文家。(III)William Shakespeare威廉.莎士比亚 17. The first period of his dramatic career, he wrote five history plays: Henry VI, Parts I, II, and III, Richard III, and Titus Andronicus; and four comedies: The Comedy of Errors, The Two Gentlemen of Verona, The Taming of the Shrew, and Love’s Labour’s Lost.在他戏剧创作生涯的第一个阶段，他创作了五部历史剧：《亨利六世》，《理查三世》，《泰托斯.安东尼》以及四部喜剧：《错误的戏剧》，《维洛那二绅士》，《驯悍记》和《爱的徒劳》。 18. In the second period, he wrote five histories: Richard II, King John, Henry IV, Parts I and II, and Henry V; six comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice, Much Ado About Nothing, As You Like It, Twelfth Night, and The Merry Wives of Windsor; and two tragedies: Romeo and Juliet and Julius Caesar.在第二阶段，他写了五部历史剧：《理查三世》，《约翰王》，《亨利四世》，《亨利五世》以及六部喜剧《仲夏夜之梦》，《威尼斯商人》，《无事生非》，《皆大欢喜》，《第十二夜》，《温莎的风流娘儿们》，还有两部悲剧：《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《裘利斯.凯撒》。 19. Shakespeare’s third period includes his greatest tragedies and his so-called dark comedies. The tragedies of this period are Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, Antony and Cleopatra, Troilus and Cressida, and Coriolanus. The two comedies are All’s Well That Ends and Measure for Measure.第三阶段诞生了莎翁最伟大的悲剧和他自称的黑色喜剧（或悲喜剧），悲剧有：《哈姆雷特》，《奥赛罗》，《李尔王》《麦克白》《安东尼与克利奥佩特拉》《特罗伊勒斯与克利西达》及《克里奥拉那斯》。两部喜剧是《终成眷属》和《一报还一报》。 20. The last period of Shakespeare’s work includes his principle romantic tragicomedies: Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest; and his two plays: Henry VIII and The Two Noble Kinsmen.最后一个时期的作品主要有浪漫悲喜剧：《伯里克利》《辛白林》《冬天的故事》与《暴风雨》。他最后两部剧是《亨利八世》与《鲁克里斯受辱记》。21. Shakespeare’s sonnets are the only direct expression of the poet’s own feelings.这些十四行诗都是莎翁直抒胸臆的成果。 22. Shakespeare’s history plays are mainly written under the principle that national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a necessity.莎翁的历史剧都有这样一个主题：在一个强大英明的君主统领下的国家，统一是非常必要的。 23. In his romantic comedies, Shakespeare takes an optimistic attitude toward love and youth, and the romantic elements are
自考英美文学选读课文翻译 莎士比亚
威廉-莎士比亚 威廉-莎士比亚（1564-1616）是世界有史以来最著名的作剧家和诗人之一。凭着38部作品，154首十四行诗和2首长诗，他建立了他在世界文学史中的赫赫威名。他也被全世界各式各样的学者和评论家给予了最高的赞誉。在过去4百年间，关于莎士比亚的书籍和文章还不断大量出版。 莎士比亚可能出生于1564年4月23日埃文河畔斯特拉特福城的一户商人家庭。他的父亲的职业被传为是卖手套的、羊毛商人、农夫或者是屠夫，是一个镇上有点地位的人，并多次当选为镇委员会的成员。莎士比亚在哪个美丽的贸易小镇度过了他的童年并上了斯特拉特福语文小学。他真正的老师是大自然和周围的百姓。1587年，莎士比亚娶了大他几岁的安妮-哈撒韦为妻。妻子为他生了3个孩子，苏珊娜和双胞胎朱迪斯和哈姆尼特。也许由于要养活不断壮大的家庭，莎士比亚在1586或1587年离开斯特拉特福去了伦敦。 莎士比亚去了伦敦一处为戏剧发展提供了优越环境的地方。他既当演员又做作剧家，为张伯伦家族做事，张伯伦家族后来又成为了王族。莎士比亚的事业发展得如此的好以致被誉为‘大学才子’之一的罗伯特-格林气极败坏地地称呼他是只‘向上扑腾的乌鸦’。 大约从1591到1611年间，莎士比亚到达了他戏剧生涯的顶峰，他的作品一部又一部地不断问世。莎士比亚没有把他的天赋局限于戏院里，在1593和1954年，他发表了2篇叙事诗，《维纳斯与阿多尼斯》和《路易斯受辱记》，都是写给南安普顿伯爵的。1609年他也写了短诗并出版了。到1597年时莎士比亚已经很有钱了，他在斯特拉特福买套大宅子作为新居。大约于1610年莎士比亚从伦敦退隐回了斯特拉特福，即便如此他还是坚持写作了一段时间。他卒于1616年4月23日。 由于对莎士比亚的许多作品的创作准确时间仍然存有争议，评论家们对把莎士比亚戏生涯的戏剧作品划分阶段方面存有不同的观点。但总体来说他的戏剧生涯可以分为4个时期。 莎士比亚戏剧创作生涯的第一个阶段是创作早期。他写了5部历史剧：《亨利六世》的第一、二、三部，和《泰特斯·安特洛尼克斯》；4部戏剧：《错误的戏剧》，《维罗纳的2位绅士》，《驯悍记》和《爱的徒劳》。 第二个阶段，莎士比亚的创作风格和方式变得极具个性。在不同的人物之间、现象和现实之间，莎士比亚构造了复杂的典范，他对人类各种缺点进行了精妙的诠释。在这个时期他写了5部历史剧：《理查二世》，《约翰国王》，《亨利四世》第一、二部和《亨利五世》;6部戏剧：《仲夏夜之梦》，《威尼斯的商人》，《无事生非》，《皆大欢喜》，《第12夜》和《温莎的风流妇人》；2部悲剧：《罗密欧和朱丽叶》和《裘里斯凯撒》 莎士比亚的第三时期作品包括他最杰出的悲剧和所谓的黑色喜剧。这个时期的悲剧有：《哈姆雷特》，《奥赛罗》，《李尔王》，《麦克白》，《安东尼与克利奥帕特拉》，《特洛伊罗斯与克雷西达》和《科里奥兰纳斯》。2部喜剧是：《终成眷属》和《争锋相对》。 莎士比亚最后时期的作品包括他主要的烂漫悲喜剧：《伯利克里》，《辛白林》，《冬天的故事》和《暴风雨》；和他最后两部作品：《亨利八世》和《两个贵亲戚》。 莎士比亚真正的跟戏剧五官的是个主要是两首叙述长诗：《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》和《路易斯受辱记》，和他的154首系列短诗。莎士比亚的十四行诗都单是
《英美文学选读》模拟试题(2)答案
《英美文学选读》模拟试题（二） 一、单项选择题 1.D. Father and son in the medieval period, it is Chaucer alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive _____ picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of valid _________ from all walks of life in his masterpiece “the Canterbury Tales”. A. visionary/women B. romantic/men C. realistic/characters D. natural/figures 2.Humanism sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique authors and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its conscious, intellectual side, for the Greek and Roman civilization was based on the conception that man is the _____ of all things. A. measure B. king C. lover D. rule 3.Many people today tend to regard the play “The Merchant of Venice” as a satire of the hypocrisy of ___________ and their false standards of friendship and love, their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and their unreasoning prejudice against _____. A. Christians/Jews B. Jews/Christians C. oppressors/oppressed D. people/Jews 傳統的理論認為該劇的主題是褒揚安東尼奧Antonio與巴塞尼奧Bassanio之間的友誼，贊美鮑西婭Portia的完美:美貌，智慧與堅貞，並揭露了Jews--Shylock的貪婪與殘忍 但是經曆了几個世紀對對Jews不會平的待遇,今天許多人將該劇的主題看作chritains的hypocrisy ,為追求世俗利益而不擇手段以及對Jews不公正的偏見 補充閱讀 1) Bassanio——Portia 2) Antonio——Shylock The traditional theme of the play is to praise the friendship betweem Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a heroine of greate beaulity, wit and loyalty, and to expose the insatiable greed and brutality o f the Jew. Tody, many people tend to regard the play as a satire of the christians’ hypocrisy and their false standards of frindship and love, their cunning way of pursuing worldliness(俗心, 俗气) and their unreasoning prejudice against Jews.
英美文学选读名篇中英对照 赏析 简介
Because I could not stop for Death, He kindly stopped for me; The carriage held but just ourselves And Immortality. We slowly drove, he knew no haste, And I had put away My labor, and my leisure too, For his civility. We passed the school, where children strove At recess, in the ring; We passed the fields of gazing grain, We passed the setting sun. Or rather, he passed us; The dews grew quivering and chill, For only gossamer my gown, My tippet only tulle. We paused before a house that seemed A swelling of the ground; The roof was scarcely visible, The cornice but a mound. Since then 'tis centuries, and yet each Feels shorter than the day I first surmised the horses' heads Were toward eternity. 我无暇去会死亡 爱米莉·伊丽莎白·狄更生 我无暇去会死亡， 死神便和善地接我前往，我只好放下劳作与闲暇，无法拒绝他的殷勤礼让。 我们一起坐上马车， 还有永生陪伴身旁， 我们驱车缓缓前行， 他悠然自得不慌不忙。 我们经过校园， 娱乐的孩子挤满操场， 我们经过田野，麦穗张望，我们经过西沉的太阳。 或许该是夕阳经过我们吧，露珠抖动，略显苍凉， 只为我的面纱、斗篷， 还有我薄丝织就的衣裳。 我们经过一个隆起的土堆，那似乎是一座住房， 屋顶几乎无法看见， 屋架也在地下埋藏。 感觉比一天还要短暂， 虽然自此千万年岁月漫长，我初次产生这种猜测： 永恒正是马头所向。
英美文学选读试题详解 (2)
英美文学选读-阶段测评4 成绩：30分 一、Multiple Choice 共40 题 题号: 1 本题分数:2.5 分 ( )is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th—century “stream—of—consciousness” novels and the founder of psychological realism. A、Theodore Dreiser B、William Faulkner C、Henry James D、Mark Twain (P498.para.2)亨利.詹姆斯是美国现实主义文学大师，他的作品往往涉及美国之外的主题，其作品的风格是“心理活动”。被誉为20世纪美国意识流文学的先驱。 标准答案：C 考生答案：D 本题得分：0 分 题号: 2 本题分数:2.5 分 Closely related to Dickinson’s religious poetry are her poems concerning( ),ranging over the physical as well as the psychological and emotional aspects of death. A、love and nature B、death and universe C、death and immortality D、family and happiness （P518para2）迪金森的诗歌涉及宗教和爱情两方面，而其涉及宗教的诗歌往往是以死亡和永恒为主题的，所以答案是C。 标准答案：C 考生答案：A
英美文学选读诗歌翻译
SONNET 18 (William Shakespeare)十四行诗 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, An d often is his gold complexion dimm’d, And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or nature's changing course untrimm’d: But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st, Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in h is shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st. So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.我怎么能够将你比作夏天 你比夏天更美丽温婉。 狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残， 夏日的勾留何其短暂。 休恋那烈日当空， 转眼会云雾迷蒙； 休叹那百花凋零， 摧折于无常天命； 唯有你永恒的夏日长新， 你的美貌亦毫发无损。 死神也无缘将你幽禁， 你在我永恒的诗中长存。 只要世间尚有人吟诵我的诗篇，这诗就将不朽，永葆你的芳颜。 Structure: Runs in iambic pentameter, rhymed ABAB CDCD EFEF GG. 1. What is the theme of this sonnet Eternality, beauty, immorality 2. Why is the speaker’s beloved more lovely than a summer’s day One thing he is thinking of is how short lived summer is. Another reason he says his love is more beautiful than a summer day is that the summer whether can be harsh, making nature look less beautiful than it does otherwise. 3.There is obviously a shift of tone and subject matter in line 9. Describe such a shift. The author compared the loved one, just in a soft and sentimental tone similar to many love sonnets, to a summer’s day in the first 4 lines, while, in the following 4, developing this concept to the poor power of people falling to retain the fair against Nature. But in line