初中被动语态语法及练习

被动语态（强化辅导）2010.10

一、①英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态

主动语态表示是动作的执行者

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者

（主动语态）猫吃鱼。

Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。

②被动语态的构成

由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成

助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。

1.一般现在时的被动语态：

They speak Eng lish. → English is spoken (by people)

2.一般过去时的被动语态：

He watered the flowers just now . → The flowers were watered (him )just now .

3.一般将来时的被动语态：

We will clean the classroom. → The classroom will be cleaned (by us ) .

4.现在进行时的被动语态：

Tom is picking apples . → Apples are being picking by Tom

5.现在完成时的被动语态：

The workers have built a house. → A house has been built by the workers .

6.情态动词的被动语态：

You should look after him well . → He should be looked after well .

二．含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况：

1、通常把间接宾语的变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留在原位置。

Tom gave me a bike last year . →I was given a bike by Tom last year .

My father bought me a shirt yesterday . → I was bought a shirt by my father yesterday .

2、把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，则要在间接宾语前加上介词to (make 制造，buy 变为被动时常用for )。

Tom gave me a bike last year . → A bike was given to me by Tom last year .

My father bought me a shirt yesterday . → A shirt was bought for me yesterday .

三、动词短语变为被动语态时不能漏掉其中的介词或副词。

You must listen to the teacher carefullly in class .→The teacher must be listened to carefully in class.

四、主动语态中有些动词，如：make ，have，let，see，watch，hear等后面常跟不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时要加to 。

We often hear the boy sing in the next room . → The boy is often heard to sing in the next room.四．注意事项：

1.不及物动词是没有被动语态：happen ,take place ,appear , hold (容纳)

2.系动词是没有被动语态：Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste ….如：The dish tastes good .

3.有些词组没有被动语态：sell well , write well ,ride well 如：This kind of skirt sells well.

4.need表示需要时，后面常接doing 形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done . All the computers need repairing .=All the computers need to be repaired .

练习：将下列各句改为被动语态

1.He read the letter to all his friends.

2.I don’tgive him my books.

3.He handed me the magazine.

4. She bought her brother a dictionary.

5. We must choose some books for your brother.

6. They named him “hero”

7. They found the place was a wonderful village.

8．The teacher is keeping the pupils at school for a revision.

9. You must finish the article before Friday.

10. They will paint the house again next year.

11. They gave Mary a new doll for her birthday.

12. I have told the children many times not to play here .

13. We had to repair our TV set.

14．They showed me the room where they lived.

15．They make machines in that factory

16 Everybody likes this song

17 . People don't grow rice in the west of japan

18．He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble

19. People speak English in many countries.

English _____ ______ _____ _______in many countries.

20. We built this bridge last year.

This bridge _______ _______ _______ ______ last year.

21. The tiger in the zoo frightened the little girl.

The girl ________ _______ by the tiger in the zoo.

22. Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.

You _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ ________ to a lunch party.

23. You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.

These magazines _______ ______ ______ ______ _______ the reading-room. 24. We will discuss the problem at tomorrow's meeting.

The problem _______ _______ _______ by us at tomorrow.

改正下列句子1. This house built 100 years ago. _____________________________

2. Football plays in most countries of the world. __________________

3. Where are you born? ____________________

把下列句子变成主动语态

1.Spanish is spoken (by people ) in South America.

3. All the words must be looked up (by us ) in a dictionary.

单项选择

1.-Do you often clean your classroom? -Yes.Our classroom ______ every day.

A. clean

B.cleans

C.is cleaned

D.is cleaning

2. A story. _____by Granny yesterday.

A.was told us

B.was told to us

C.is told us

D.told us

3.If I _____wings like a bird,I______be able to fly in the sky.

A. have;should

B.had;would

C.would have;will

D.had;can

4.-Did you go to Jack’s birthday party? —No,I______.

A. am not invited

B.wasn’t invited

C.haven’t invited

D.didn’t invite

5.—Mum,can I go to the zoo with Jack? —When your homework_____,you can.

A. is done

B.was don e

C.does

D.did

6.Twenty-year-olds should not______to drive in China.

A.allow

B.be allow

C.be allowed

D.allowed.

7. I asked him what_____.

A.would happen

B.had happened

C.happened

D.was happened. 8．The book Business@the Speed of Thought _____in 1999.

A.writes

B.is written

C.wrote

D.was written.

9．Trees and flowers___every year to make our country more beautiful.

A.is planted

B.was planted

C.are planted

D.were planted.

10.The monkey was seen____out of the tree.

A.jump

B.jumps

C.jumped

D.to jump

11．The earth is our home.It _____well.

A.must be protected

B.should protect

C.need protect

D.should protected.

12．In recent years,many children are made _____what they are not_____.

A.to do;interested in

B.to do;interested

C.do;interested

D.do;interested.

13．_____a new library____in our school last year?

A.Is;built

B.Was;built

C.Does;built

D.Did;built.

14．An accident_______on this road last week.

A.has been happened

B.was happened

C.is happened

D.happened.

15．Rice _______in the south of China.

A.is grown

B.are grown

C.grows

D.grow.

16.So far, the moon_____by man already.

A. is visited

B.will be visited

C.has been visited

D.was visited.

17. How many trees _____this year?

A.are planted

B.will plant

C.have been planted

D.planted.

18.Lot of things _____by people to save the little girl now.

A.are doing

B.are being done

C.has been done

D.will be done.

19.Neither of them _____in China

A.is made

B.are made

C.were made

D.made.

20.Look!A nice picture______for our teacher.

A..is drawing

B.is being drawn

C.has been drawn

D.draws.

21.The doctor_____for yet.

A.isn’t sent

B.hasn’t been sent

C.won’t be sent

D.wasn’t sent.

22.—When _____this kind of computer_____? —Last year.

A.did;use

B.was;used

C.is;used

D.are;used

23.The Great Wall____about all over the world.

A.knows

B.knew

C.is known

D.was known.

24.He says that Mr Zhang______to the factory next week.

A.is sent

B.would send

C.was sent

D.will be sent.

25.Who _____this book_____?

A.did;written

B.was;written by

C.do;written

D.was;written

词汇或短语辨析：

1、be able to，can 能够

be able to有多种时态变化。

can 只有一一般现在时和一般过去时（即can和could两种形式

2、above，over，on 在……的上面

above 在……泛指上方（与物体表面不接触）

over在……正上方（与物体表面不接触）

on在……上面（与物体表面接触）

3、across，through，cross 穿过

across介词，横穿（在某个平面）He is walking across the street.

through介词，（从空间穿过）The thief got in through the window.

cross动词（在某个平面）The boys cross the road .

初中被动语态语法讲解知识讲解

初中被动语态语法讲 解

初中被动语态语法讲解 (一) 语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态，列表如下： 一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done 一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done 现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done 将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. (2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时： (1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio. (2) We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted. 6. 过去进行时： (1)The workers were mending the road. The road was being mended.

初中英语语法：被动语态

初中英语语法：被动语态 概念：英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者或发出者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。 构成：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成； 助动词be有人称、数及时态的变化； 含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成 被动语态的否定式是在助动词后加否定词not；而疑问式是将助动词移到主语前面即可Stamps can be used for sending letters. 邮票能用来寄信。 He was asked to go to the meeting immediately. 他被要求立刻去参加这个会议。 This kind of bike is not made in Tianjin. 这种自行车不是天津制造的。 Is this kind of bike make in Tianjin? 这种自行车是在天津制造的吗？ 用法1.当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要知道时，常用被动语态。 These desks are made of wood. 这些桌子是由木头做成的。 2.当需要强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。 Dictionaries can’t be used in the English exam. 词典不能在英语测试中使用。 3.为了使语气婉转、避免提到自己或对方、或由于修饰的需要而使用被动语态。 The homework must be handed in next Monday. 作业必须下周一交上。

被动语态的转换步骤：当主动语态变为被动语态时，通常要经过四步： 1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其谓语动词。 2.把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变成被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词时，应把宾格 变为主格 3.把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”，但时态不能改变。 4.把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语（没必要说出动作的执 行者时可略去“by+宾语”），若主语是人称代词时，应把主格变成宾格。 We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 主动语态变被动语态应注意：1.时态要一致。 I wrote a letter to my pen pal yesterday. (一般过去时) A letter was written to my pen pal yesterday (by me). They will discuss the plan at the meeting. 2.含双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动结构变为被动结构时，可将其中一个宾语变 为主语，另一个不变；如果将主动结构的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，这时一般要加个介词to或for。My parents gave me a watch. I was given a watch by my parents. A watch was given to me by my parents. His father bought him a computer last week. 3.在主动语态中，使役动词如make，let，have或感官动词如hear，watch，see后跟 不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态里必须带to。 My parents often made me babysit my little sister .

初中英语语法知识—被动语态的全集汇编及答案

一、选择题 1．Both Lily and Lucy ______________to the party yesterday, but they didn't come at all. A．agreed B．sent C．were called D．were invented 2．His plays by millions of people. A．read B．will read C．are read D．is read 3．It's said that petrol(石油) _____________ in less than 100 years. So we should try to walk more instead of driving cars. A．used for B．will be used up C．used up D．will be used for 4．Han Han’s books are popular. They ___________ by many teenagers now . A．is read B．was read C．are read D．were read 5．Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ________ in a short time. A．can learn B．need learn C．can be learned D．need be learned 6．—Where did you go last night? —I to go to Li Lei’s birthday party. A．asked B．am asked C．have been asked D．was asked 7．This book_______by a lot of young people today. A．reads B．are reading C．is read 8．—The park is the oldest one in our city. —Yes. it _______ when I was sixteen years old. A．is built B．was built C．build D．built 9．-Hey, Molly, You______ o n the phone just now. But you weren’t here and the man left a phone number. -Oh? I was in the library. A．wanted B．are wanted C．were wanted D．have wanted 10．May to the party. She enjoyed herself with us. A．invites B．is invited C．was invited D．has invited 11．We hope that more trees________in our city next year. A．plant B．were planted C．planted D．will be planted 12．— What tools ________ to make paper cutting? — Scissors and paper. A．are used B．used C．will use 13．--- Mom, where is my model plane? --- Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday. A．is lent B．lends C．was lent D．lent 14．The flowers ________ every day, or they will die. A．must water B．can be watered C．should water D．must be watered

最全初中英语语法之被动语态

初中英语被动语态复习 一、被动语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。 如： He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态） 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明： 2、被动语态的句式变化： 以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化： 3、含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如： Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。 Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）

Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句） 三、主动语态变为被动语态 转换图示： 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： （1）将主动句的宾语变为主语： 注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom. （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。 注意： They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。 （3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。 注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. →A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： 含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 四．被动语态的基本用法 1.需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态。 Magazines and newspapers in the reading-room mustn't be taken away. 阅览室的杂志和报纸都不能带走。 2.不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时，应使用被动语态。 He was wounded many times during the Anti--Japanese War. 他在抗日战争期间多次负伤。 The problem has to be dealt with right now. 这个问题必须马上处理。 3.当说话人需要强调客观时，用被动语态。 It is said that the temperature tomorrow will be 40℃. 据说明天的气温将要达到摄氏40度。 It is hoped that they will be successful.

初中英语语法归纳：被动语态

初中英语语法归纳复习：被动语态 重难点：掌握八种常见时态的被动语态，并能根据不同情景，灵活运用被动语态。【知识总结归纳】 一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。 二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换 We Visited that factory last summer →主动语态 主语谓语宾语状语 That factory was visited by us last summer →被动语态 主语谓语宾语状语 三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比

四. 如何正确使用被动语态 1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to ”。 eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态） ? ?? .him by us to told often are stories g Interestin .him by stories g interestin told often are We （被动语态） ▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass 等。 2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to 被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to 还要还原。 eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态）

443 4421复合宾语 宾语补足语宾语 She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态） ▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice 等。 3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。” 比较：（1）? ? ?)()(.Fengping by closed is door The .closed is door The 被动语态。这个门是由冯平来关的系表结构门是关着的。 （2）?? ?)()(.Mary by broken was glass The .broken is glass The 被动语态。的这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏 系表结构。这个玻璃杯是坏的 4. 只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。 eg. ?? ?) () (.China in place taken been have changes Great .China in place taken have changes Great 错误正确 ???)()(.sea deep the in d disappeare was dolphin The .sea deep the in d disappeare dolphin The 错误正确 【总结】 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be ＋过去分词构成，be 随时态的变化而变化。以do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2） has /have been done 现在完成时 例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时 例A new cinema is being built here ． 4） was/were done 一般过去时 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5） had been done 过去完成时 例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6） was/were being done 过去进行时 例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7） shall/will be done 一般将来时 例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8） should/would be done 过去将来时 例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 例The project will have been completed before July. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式

初中英语语法大全——被动语态

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3. 被动语态的各种句式 eg: Have you heard about that car accident near the school? --- Yes, luckily no one was hurt. 你听说学校附近的那场车祸了吗? --- 是的，幸运的是没有人受伤。 eg: A road has been built by the government. 一条道路已经被政府修建了。 eg: I am not invited to go to the party by my friend. 我没有被朋友邀请去参加聚会。 eg: My bike isn’t being repaired by Tom now. 我的自行车现在没有被汤姆修理。 eg: Are they used for posting letters? 它们被用来邮递信件吗? eg: Are trees being planted over there by them? 那边的树正在被他们种植吗? eg: When was the basketball team set up? 这支篮球队是什么时候成立的? eg: How many man-made satellites have been sent into space? 已经有多少颗人造卫星被发射升空? 4. 情态动词的被动语态的句式

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