大学英语六级翻译练习 答案.doc

Passage 1北京大学

北京大学于1898年成立，原名为京师大学堂(the Imperial University of Peking)。该大学的成立标志着中国近代史上高等教育的开始。在中国近代史上，它是进步思想的中心，对中国新文化运动、五四运动及其他重要事件的发生颇有影响。今天，国内不少高校排行榜将北京大学放入国内顶尖大学之列。该校重视教学和科学研究。为提高本科生教育和研究生教育质量、保持其领先研究机构的地位，学校已做出很大努力。此外，学校尤以其校园环境及优美的中国传统建筑而闻名。

Originally known as the Imperial University of Peking, Peking University was established in 1898. The establishment of the University marked the beginning of higher education in China's modem history. In modem history of China it was a center for progressive thought and was influential in the birth of China's New Culture Movement May Fourth Movement and many other significant events. Today, Peking University was placed by marry domestic university rankings amongst the top universities in China The university lays emphasis on both teaching, and scientific research. It has made great efforts to improve the undergraduate and graduate education, and maintain its role as a leading research institution In addition, the University is especially renowned for its campus environment and the beauty of its traditional Chinese architecture.

Passage 2 中国的民族

中国以其人口密集、疆域辽阔而著称。作为一个多民族国家，中国共有56个民族，总人口约14亿人。汉族是中华民族的主体民族，约占全国人口的92%．主要分布在东部和中部。而其他少数民族居住相对分散，主要分布在中国的西南、西北和东北部地区。每个少数民族都有与众不同的特点、悠久的传统文化和独特的风俗习惯。中国政府长久以来一直提倡和发展平等、团结的民族关系，强调各民族共同发展、共同繁荣。

以……而著称be noted /famous for 少数民族ethnic minority; minority ethnic group

人口密集dense population 与众不同的特点distinctive character

疆域辽阔vast territory 独特的风俗习惯unique convention

多民族的国家a multinational country 提倡advocate; propose

汉族the Han Nationality 强调highlight; emphasize

分布distribute

China is noted for its dense population and vast territory. As a multinational country, China is home to 56 ethnic groups with a total population of about l.4 billion The Han Nationality is the majority, accounting for 92% 0f the total population which distributes mainly in the east and middle of China; while the ethnic minorities dwell extensively all over China distributing mainly in the southwest, the northwest and the northeast. Each of the minority ethnic groups has a distinctive character, long traditional culture and unique conventions. Chinese government has long been advocating and developing an equal and united ethnic relationship, highlighting the common development and prosperity of all ethnic groups.

Passage 3 中国桥梁

中国的桥梁建设有着悠久的历史中国古代桥梁以木材和石头为主要建筑材料，形式多样，极富特色。中国现存最古老的桥梁为隋代建造的安济桥，位于河北省赵县安济桥又名赵州桥，桥长50.82关，桥宽9米，为国家重点保护的文物(cultural relic). 清朝末年，兰州黄河铁桥建成，标志着中国桥梁建设进入了以钢铁和混凝土( concrete)为主要材料的时期：如今，中国的桥梁建设保持着多项世界记录，中国跻身于世界桥梁建设强国行列.

桥梁建设bridge construction/building 末年late years; last years: final years

有着悠久的历史boast/have a long history 进入了……的时期step into an era of___

形式多样vary in forms 世界记录world record

极富特色be highly distinct 跻身……行列stand among．.

现存的existing 强国giant; powerful country; power

国家重点保护的key national protected

China boasts a long history in bridge construction. With wood and stone as the major building materials, Chinese ancient bridges vary in forms and are highly distinct. Constructed in the Sui Dynasty, Anji Bridge, which is located in Zhao County, Hebei Province, is the oldest existing bridge in China. Anji Bridge, also named Zhaozhou Bridge, is a key national protected cultural relic measuring a length of 50.82 meters and a width of 9 meters. In the late years of the Qing Dynasty, Huanghe Iron Bridge in Lanzhou was completed, symbolizing that China's bridge construction stepped into an era of adopting steel and concrete as the main materials for bridges. Now, bearing many world records, China stands among world giants in bridge construction.

Passage 4 中国菜

中国菜( cuisine)是中国各地区、各民族各种菜肴的统称，也指发源于中国的烹饪方式。中国菜历史悠久，流派( genre)众多，主要代表菜系有“八大菜系”。每一菜系因气候、地理、历史、烹饪技巧和生活方式的差异而风格各异。中国菜的调料( seasoning)丰富多样，调料的不同是形成地方特色菜的主要原因之一。中国菜强调色、香、味俱佳，味是菜肴的灵魂：中国饮食文化博大精深，作为世界三大菜系之一的中国菜，在海内外享有盛誉。

地区region 烹饪技巧cooking technique

民族ethnic group 丰富多样a rich variety of…；rich and varied

统称general term 特色菜special dishes

烹饪方式c:ooking style 强调lay emphasis on; emphasize

代表representative 博大精深extensive/broad and profound

气候climate 享有盛誉enjoy a high reputation

地理geography

Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various foods from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China. It also refers to cooking styles originating from China. With a long history, Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, the main representatives of which are "Eight Cuisines". Every cuisine is distinctive from one another due to the differences in climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle. Chinese cuisine contains a rich variety of seasonings, which is one of main factors contributing to different local special dishes. Chinese cuisine lays emphasis on the perfect combination of color, flavor, and taste, and the soul of the dishes is taste. Chinese cuisine culture is extensive and profound, and Chinese cuisine, one of the Three World Cuisines, enjoys a high reputation home and abroad.

Passage 5 四大发明

中国的四大发明包括指南针、火药、造纸术和印刷术：它们是中国在人类文明史上占有重要地位的标志之一。第一个指南针产生于战国时期(the Warring States Period)，是利用天然磁石（natural magnet）来辨别方向的一种简单仪器。火药发明于隋唐时期，主要应用于军事领域：造纸术于东汉年间由蔡伦改进，使纸成为人们普遍使用的书写材料。印刷术，又称活字印刷术，大大促进了文化的传播：四大发明对世界经济的发展和人类文化的进步做出了巨大的贡献。

四大发明four great inventions 辨别方向identify/recognize directions

造纸术the paper-making technique 仪器device

印刷术the printing technique 改进develop; improve

人类文明史the history of human civilization 促进promote

占有重要地位occupy an important position 对……做出巨大的贡献make tremendous contribution to 利用employ; use

Four great inventions of China include the compass, gun powder, the paper-making technique and the printing technique. They are one of the marks that China occupies an important position in the history of human civilization. The first compass was invented during the Warring States Period. It was a simple device employing natural magnets to identify directions. Gunpowder was invented in Sui and Tang Dynasties and was mainly used in military areas. The paper-making technique was developed by Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty, making paper a commonly used writing material. The printing technique, also called movable type printing, promoted the spread of culture significantly. The four great inventions of China made tremendous contribution to the development of the world's economy and the progress of the culture of mankind.

Passage 6 丝绸之路

丝绸之路( the Silk Road)是中国古代最著名的贸易路线：在这条路上运输的商品中，丝绸占很大部分，因此得名“丝绸之路”。丝绸之路起点始于长安，终点远达印度、罗马等国家。丝绸之路从汉代开始形成，到唐代达到鼎盛，骆驼曾是丝绸之路上的主要交通工具。中国的造纸、印刷等伟大发明通过这条路传播到了西方，而佛教( Buddhism)等宗教也被引入中国。丝绸之路不仅仅是古代国际贸易路线，更是连接亚洲、非洲、欧洲的文化桥梁。

贸易路线trade route 印刷printing

运输transport 传播spread

远达extend as far as 宗教religion

鼎盛reach one's peak 引入introduce; import

交通工具means of transportation 连接link; connect

造纸paper-making 文化桥梁a cultural bridge

The Silk Road is the most well-known trade route in ancient China. It got its name because silk comprised a large proportion of commodities transported along this road. The Silk Road started at Chang'an and extended as far as countries like India and Rome. The Silk Road was opened up during the Han Dynasty and reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty, with camels being the major means of transportation. Great inventions in China, such as paper-making and printing were spread to the Western world along this road and religions like Buddhism were also introduced to China. The Silk Road was not only an ancient international trade route, but also a cultural bridge linking Asia with Africa and Europe.

Passage 7

龙是中国人自古以来一直崇拜的神昱动物( deified animal)。在中国的神话传说(folklore)中，龙是多种动物的综合体，拥有多种动物的特长。尽管中国龙是一种现实中并不存在的动物，但它在中国人的心里占据着不可替代的位置。在过去，龙长期被古时的中国人当作能够控制自然界的神。在封建社会，龙是权利和帝王的象征。在现代社会，龙已经成为吉祥物( mascot)，象征腾飞、成功、开拓精神和创造。因此在中国人的日常生活中，到处都能看到龙的形象。

崇拜worship 现代社会contemporary society

综合体combination 腾飞take off

不存在的nonexistent 象征signify; symbolize

不可替代的irreplaceable 开拓精神pioneering spirit

封建社会feudal society

Dragon has been a deified animal worshipped by Chinese people since ancient time. In the Chinese folklore dragon is a combination of many animals, which possesses those animals' special skills. Chinese dragon is a

nonexistent animal in reality, but it has an irreplaceable position in the hearts of Chinese people. In the past, it had long been regarded by the ancient Chinese people as a god who could control the nature. In feudal society, dragon was the symbol of power and emperor. In contemporary society, the dragon has become a mascot, which signifies taking off, success, pioneering spirit and creation. Thus, the image of dragon can be seen everywhere in everyday life of Chinese people.

Passage 8 京剧脸谱

京剧脸谱(Peking Opera Mask)，即中国京剧演员脸上的绘画，是用于舞台演出时的化妆艺术。每一种性格特点的人物都有一种固定的样式和颜色。例如，包拯的黑额头上有一个白月牙(crescent moon)。猴王孙悟空的脸谱是猴脸的形象。同时，脸谱上的各种颜色也有不同的内涵。红色指忠诚勇敢，多为正面角色。黑色代表直爽、刚毅(resoluteness)的性格。白色用于阴险(sinister)、自大的人物。京剧脸谱艺术是广大戏迷非常喜爱的一门艺术，国内外都很流行，已经被公认为中华民族传统文化的标识。

样式pattern 直爽straightforwardness

内涵connotation 自大的arrogant

忠诚loyalty 戏迷Peking Opera fan

勇敢braveness 标识identification

正面角色positive role

Peking Opera Mask, the painting on the Chinese Peking Opera performer's face, is a make-up art for stage performances. Each person of a certain character has a fixed pattern and color. For example, there is a white crescent moon on Bao Zheng's black forehead and Monkey King Sun Wukong's mask is an image of a monkey face. At the same time, different colors on masks represent different connotations. Red stands for loyalty and braveness, mostly used for positive roles. Black represents a character of straightforwardness and resoluteness. White is used for sinister and arrogant figures. Favored by many Peking Opera fans, the art of Peking Opera Mask is very popular at home and abroad and has been widely recognized as an identification of the traditional culture

of the Chinese nation.

赠送以下资料

考试知识点技巧大全

一、考试中途应饮葡萄糖水

大脑是记忆的场所，脑中有数亿个神经细胞在不停地进行着繁重的活动,大脑细胞活动需要大量能量。科学研究证实,虽然大脑的重量只占人体重量的2%-3%,但大脑消耗的能量却占食物所产生的总能量的20%,它的能量来源靠葡萄糖氧化过程产生。

据医学文献记载,一个健康的青少年学生30分钟用脑,血糖浓度在120毫克/100毫升,大脑反应快,记忆力强；90分钟用脑，血糖浓度降至80毫克/100毫升，大脑功能尚正常；连续120分钟用脑，血糖浓度降至60毫克/100毫升，大脑反应迟钝，思维能力较差。

我们中考、高考每一科考试时间都在2小时或2小时以上且用脑强度大，这样可引起低血糖并造成大脑疲劳，从而影响大脑的正常发挥，对考试成绩产生重大影响。因此建议考生，在用脑60分钟时，开始补饮25%浓度的葡萄糖水100毫升左右，为一个高效果的考试加油。

二、考场记忆“短路”怎么办呢？

对于考生来说，掌握有效的应试技巧比再做题突击更为有效。

1.草稿纸也要逐题顺序写草稿要整洁，草稿纸使用要便于检查。不要在一大张纸上乱写乱画，东写一些，西写一些。打草稿也要像解题一样，一题一题顺着序号往下写。最好在草稿纸题号前注上符号，以确定检查侧重点。为了便于做完试卷后的复查，草稿纸一般可以折成4-8块的小方格，标注题号以便核查，保留清晰的分析和计算过程。

2.答题要按先易后难顺序不要考虑考试难度与结果，可以先用5分钟熟悉试卷，合理安排考试进度，先易后难，先熟后生，排除干扰。考试中很可能遇到一些没有见过或复习过的难题，不要蒙了。一般中考试卷的题型难度分布基本上

是从易到难排列的，或者交替排列。

3.遇到容易试题不能浮躁遇到容易题，审题要细致。圈点关键字词，边审题边画草图，明确解题思路。有些考生一旦遇到容易的题目，便觉得心应手、兴奋异常，往往情绪激动，甚至得意忘形。要避免急于求成、粗枝大叶，防止受熟题答案与解题过程的定式思维影响，避免漏题，错题，丢掉不该丢的分。

4. 答题不要犹豫不决选择题做出选择时要慎重，要关注题干中的否定用词，对比筛选四个选项的差异和联系，特别注意保留计算型选择题的解答过程。当试题出现几种疑惑不决的答案时，考生一定要有主见，有自信心，即使不能确定答案，也不能长时间犹豫，浪费时间，最终也应把认为正确程度最高的答案写到试卷上，不要在答案处留白或开天窗。

5.试卷检查要细心有序应答要准确。一般答题时，语言表达要尽量简明扼要，填涂答题纸绝不能错位。答完试题，如果时间允许，一般都要进行试卷答题的复查。复查要谨慎，可以利用逆向思维，反向推理论证，联系生活实际，评估结果的合理性，选择特殊取值，多次归纳总结。

另外，对不同题型可采用不同的检查方法。选择题可采用例证法，举出一两例来能分别证明其他选项不对便可安心。对填空题，则一要检查审题;二要检查思路是否完整;三要检查数据代入是否正确;四要检查计算过程;五要看答案是否合题意;六要检查步骤是否齐全，符号是否规范。还要复查一些客观题的答案有无遗漏，答案错位填涂，并复核你心存疑虑的项目。若没有充分的理由，一般不

要改变你依据第一感觉做出的选择。

6、万一记忆短路可慢呼吸考试中，有些考生因为怯场，导致无法集中精神，甚至大脑忽然一片空白，发生记忆堵塞。此时不要紧张，不妨尝试如下方式：

首先是稳定心态，保持镇静，并注意调节自己的呼吸率。先慢吸气，当对自己说放松时缓慢呼气，再考虑你正在努力回忆的问题，如果你仍不能回想起来，就暂时搁下这道题，开始选做其他会的试题，过段时间再回过头来做这道题。

第二，积极联想。你不妨回忆老师在讲课时的情景或自己的复习笔记，并努力回忆与发生记忆堵塞问题有关的论据和概念，把回忆起的内容迅速记下来，然后，看能否从中挑出一些有用的材料或线索。

第三，进行一分钟自我暗示。即根据自己的实际，选择能激励自己，使自己能心情平静和增强信心的话，在心中默念3至5遍。比如：我已平静下来，我能够考好、我有信心，一定能考出理想的成绩等等。

第四，分析内容，查找相关要点。借助试卷上其它试题，也许会给考生提供某些线索。因此不要轻易放弃，查看试题中的相关要点，看看是否能给考生提供线索或启发。

2020年12月英语六级翻译真题及答案：中国工业升级

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