2.英文翻译格式和要求

英文

The intelligence lives at home, or called the intelligent housing, take the housing as a platform, has both the construction, the network correspondence, the information electrical appliances, the equipment automation, the collection system, the structure, the service, the management is a body highly effective, comfortable, safe, convenient, the environmental protection environment, reveals family's in each kind of equipment (for example sound video equipment, lighting system, window blind control, air conditioning control, peacefully guards against conveniently system, digital theater system, network electrical appliances and so on) connects through the family network together.With lives at home ordinary compares, not only the intelligence lives at home has the traditional housing function, provides the comfortable security, the high grade also the pleasant family life space; Also for has by the original passive static structural transformation can move the wisdom the tool, provides the omni-directional information interactive function, helps the family to be unimpeded with exterior maintenance communication, optimizes people's life style, helps the people to arrange the time, the enhancement to live at home effectively the life security, even saves the fund for each kind of energy expense.

A lot of people in the smart-home may be the concern of all come from wealthy families abroad, smart homes, the owner of the car door just entering homes, sensors have been to send information to the control center, and the lighting in the room, air-conditioning, sound system, corresponding to the State. As long as at the door a little pause, and the fingerprint scanner, and dilated pupils identify monitoring devices such as servers have been identified as the door, and should be chosen either for owner of the cell phone visited on strangers sending the message ... all of this is not a science fiction scenario, the existing technology can achieve. It is now all the intelligent home appliances are becoming more and more, before leaving for work to rice cooker can be timed, and when you come back to Rice before, and it is better for the air-conditioned, with a time out before you, in the indoor temperature regulation of the cool, pleasant ...

Before the smart home made a similar concepts such as intelligent home, network, home, and with the advances in technology and people to improve the quality of our living environment, smart home has now started to gradually integrate the alarm system, electric automatic control, and security features such as network access, the purpose of which is to enable users to be more involved with safe and comfortable.

Around with common of target, some traditional of IT manufacturers made has to computer for core to established intelligent home of programme, it of advantage is can with computer powerful of processing ability to completed more complex of task, but exists with various electric Zhijian of connection standard does not unified, computer how and refrigerator, and air conditioning established contact which? course cannot with we habits of USB mouth to connection, and currently in domestic also no formed industry Union to specification and developed related of standard, different manufacturers launched of overall solution programme all does not same, Lack of interchangeability.

But by traditional electricities and the labor and so on some such as wonderful the victory electric appliance controls the plan which the enterprise promotes to take the electrical automation extremely the realization, to the control which lives at home mainly by the inductor and the power supply control center completes, has the maturer stable movement quality, but insufficiently is intelligent for human's feeling, for instance mostly is closes and opens two ways to a lamp control, but is unable to realize does not come together according to the natural light and the daily schedule the true intelligent adjustment.

The intelligence lives at home the prospect forecast Along with people living standard unceasing enhancement, the people unceasing to the environment proposed a higher request, more and more pays great attention to in the family life each member comfortable, is safe and

is convenient, therefore looked from the market demand angle, the intelligence lives at home is inevitably the prospect is broad.Statistics have indicated, in recent years electrician profession year sales volume 40--6,000,000,000 Y uan, in which upscale product sales volume near 2,000,000,000 Yuan.Looked from the market development angle that, take the intelligent network switch as representative's new electrician product market share can year by year the fast enlargement, and finally substitutes traditional the electrician product, here is breeding the huge opportunity.

At present, national real estate industry thriving, intelligent community has become a fundamental requirement, coupled with smart home, "smart" concept will inevitably bring new selling points and vitality to the real estate industry, so "smart" is the theme of the 21st century real estate developers push. From the viewpoint of environment for the growth of the market, now annual proportion of construction of digital home in China has accounted for about 30% of the total amount of new housing, according to the country's "2010 Chinese cities of 60% House to achieve intelligent" digital home of the development goals, we believe that the development and construction of China digital home to increasing at an annual rate of 6%.

According to the survey, more than 1.3 billion people, China now has more than 100 million home automation home customers, this group is equivalent to half of Europe, form a huge, fashion market. In this market, average family spends $ 1000 per year, there is a $ 100 billion market. In fact, market research data show that belongs to the perceptual and secondary consumers annually spend much more than $ 1000 per person in the home. Therefore, how to stand up in this market position, favorable terrain, on whether to hold a long-term, once and for all opportunities.

The intelligence lives at home is the people pursues the high quality life manifesting, is the comfortable life, simple life speaking on another's behalf, its existence will raise people habits and customs inevitably.

As people people economic ability of increasingly upgrade, people also began on material living increasingly concern has, in life products of select Shang has has is large of improve, plus city construction pace of increasingly speed up and, intelligent curtains has entered has we of life, such as some Office, and hotel which curtains as decoration not missing of part, increasingly hot up, intelligent curtains has is good of market prospects.

The 21st century are the technical time, the intelligent window blind has the very good market prospect, but our commonly used window blind track all is the steel wire pulls the type or the rail track type, only then a station part high income family uses is the electric remote control track, these tracks mainly are by places such as Taiwan and Guangdong produce, the price is quite expensive.If but new intelligent window blind maneuver box function also approximately same, but the price is low, installs the use safely convenient, becomes the family to spin the window blind market a big luminescent spot.

The intelligent window blind has the very good market prospect, along with the technical development, the lives of the people and the working condition progressive improvement, the electrically operated window blind more and more manner accepts, in Europe and America and so on the developed country, the electrically operated window blind has widely applied.Not only the electrically operated window blind product has realized electrically operated, but also can through infrared, the radio telecontrol or the timed control realization automation, moreover may utilize electronic inductors and so on the sunlight, temperature, wind, the realization product intellectualized operation, reduced people's labor intensity, lengthened the window blind product service life.Now, the electrically operated window blind has become the modern upscale housing, the guesthouse, the intelligent building, multimedia central, the private villa and so on the first choice automation window decorations!

More and more receives the application along with the network media which the people consummate, causes present this society to start to march into the intelligent time, future very

will be many with the life related industry, all will be take the technical intelligence as the development foundation, will take in the life the important composition intelligent window blind although in price not biggest superiority, but the future intelligence time demand had decided this road will be best walks

This design plans the electrically operated window blind intelligent function through the analysis electrically operated window blind development and the present situation, thus carries on the design to the electrically operated window blind https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c817741248.html,es step-by-steps the electrical machinery to take the functional element, examines the part by the photoresistance as the sensing part sensor achievement, the 89C51 monolithic integrated circuit took the control chip, the supplementary key-board and the demonstration, has finally realized the electrically operated window blind controller many intelligent project.

The main chapter divides into:

(1) introduction: Introduction design goal domestic and foreign development present situation and research significance goal, design basic content and this article chapter arrangement. (2) overall project design: Has given the electrically operated window blind controller ideas for overall concepts, the intelligent project, with design structure plan.

(3) hardware design: Selects the 89C51 monolithic integrated circuit for the core each kind of circuit design, including repositions the electric circuit, the power circuit, the clock electric circuit, step-by-steps the electrical machinery control circuit, the keyboard/Display circuit and so on a series of related electric circuits.

(4) software design: Mainly introduced each function design flow.

(5) summary and forecast

The electrically operated window blind controller overall concept design is the determination can satisfy the design request the overall concept link.This chapter embarked from the system function demand, plans and had determined the system overall structure, and has considered the system extendibility and the realizability in this foundation.

Along with lives of the people level unceasing enhancement, the people are more and more intense to the family life comfortable demand, the window blind took in each family life most must lives at home one of things, also needs to meet a people's more comfortable naturally need.The window blind most basic function nothing but is protects owner's individual privacy as well as the visor keeps off functions and so on dust, but the traditional window blind you must manual go to the switch, every day early opens the late pass also is very troublesome, specially villa or multiple room big window blind, quite long, moreover heavy, with when needs the very big strength to be able the switch window blind, is not specially convenient; Therefore the electrically operated window blind arises at the historic moment.The existing electrically operated window blind all may start automatically closes the window blind, but to the time automatic control window blind switch, has been possible to act according to the light their also some shortcomings.How does the window blind controller autoswitch let the window blind be able the switch freely, whether the engine off time does arrive.

Below the electrically operated window blind mainly has several big functions: (1) hand control: This function enable the electrically operated window blind to have the manual main story, the manual reverse and the manual stop function.Moreover increased the active status to instruct, electrical machinery work in main story, reverse and stopped state time, the nixietube had the different active status instruction.(2) semiautomatic hand control: The semiautomatic hand control is in needs to close or to turn on the window blind time, after only needs artificially to press “the clockwise” or “the reverse” the pressed key, window blind arriving automatic stop.(3) environment beam control: The window blind closure and opening completes the window blind automatically through the environment brightness opening or the button-up operations control, “darkness closure, dawn opens” has the intelligent managem ent, does not have the misoperation.(4) time automatic control: According to establishment input

opening or the closing hour, control the window blind the closure and open.

The window blind clockwise, the reverse and the stop function may control by the mo nolithic integrated circuit power output step-by-step the electrical machinery revolution to realize.The environment brightness control and transports through the photoresistance puts the composition the electric circuit to control the monolithic integrated circuit power output subsequently to control the electrical machinery the clockwise and the reverse.The time automatic control may control by the timer

Throughout the entire design system, SCM uses the familiar 89C51 single-chip, all well known so that the entire chip. Familiar with the control chip design is also handy. Chip used by simple, practical, reduce development and hardware cost. Sensor parts using photosensitive resistance, continuous detection of ambient light intensity changes, after passing the bridge circuit signals into the comparator, it can be concluded that a signal, this signal is amplified, a/d converted into single-chip, pulsed signal which in turn by single-chip microcomputer control stepping motor running. Design of stepping motor is a good implementation of SCM command. For a digital servo stepping motor actuators, simple structure, reliable operation, easy to control, control as well as good performance. Curtain switch of more accurate, stable. Clock circuit design combined with single chip timing function, coupled with optic sensors detecting light intensity very good solution to control this feature.

In the design of this system, the face of a variety of test objects and a large number of control units, using a variety of interface standards and the mcu to connect, after mcu data processing, real-time monitoring and control. At a time using single-chip implementation of a smart home control system not only has a convenient, simple, and flexible acquisition and control, and can significantly increase the recovery of the coordination of each module and chip, which greatly improve system availability. The system design system is the use of the advantages of at89c51 microcontroller successfully completed the requirements of this design. And learning timing and automatic control functions provide a good foundation for the control of household equipment.

Telephone remote control as a relatively new subject to conventional means of a remote control than a show of superiority, and do not require special wiring, do not use radio frequency resources, avoid the electromagnetic pollution. Also, because the phone line over the Internet, you can take full advantage of existing telephone network, so remote distance can be cross-province, and even across country. Another telephone is a duplex means of communication. Therefore, this can greatly reflects the use of the phone for remote control of greater superiority. Operator can be provided in a variety of prompts an immediate understanding of the controlled object related information to further action. Some topics Phone remote control has been involved in, but there is also limited to laboratory, and from the actual applications, especially for everyday life there are some gaps, and do not fully reflect the phone remotely duplex traffic characteristics. This design it is in this context has been a major improvement, take one piece and make use of different tones for different actions to achieve prompt and status to the prosecution of feedback, thus allowing the operator to be able to follow the information the prosecution, to get the product to interactive and intelligent. But the design of the debugging is on-line debugging, and has been in the telecommunications, rail links to be able to successfully switch labs and the use of mobile phones.

中文

智能家居，或称智能住宅，以住宅为平台，兼备建筑、网络通信、信息家电、设备自动化，集系统、结构、服务、管理为一体的高效、舒适、安全、便利、环保的居住环境，尽显便捷将家中的各种设备（如音视频设备、照明系统、窗帘控制、空调控制、安防系统、数字影院系统、网络家电等）通过家庭网络连接到一起。与普通家居相比，智能家居不仅具有传统的居住功能，提供舒适安全、高品位且宜人的家庭生活空间；还由原来的被动静止结构转变为具有能动智慧的工具，提供全方位的信息交互功能，帮助家庭与外部保持信息交流畅通，优化人们的生活方式，帮助人们有效安排时间，增强家居生活的安全性，甚至为各种能源费用节约资金。

很多人对智能家居的关注认识可能都来自对国外富豪们智能豪宅的介绍，主人的汽车刚进入院门，感应器已经把信息传送到控制中心，而房间内的灯光、空调、音响都相应进入预定工作状态。只要在门口略微停顿，指纹监测仪、瞳孔识别器等设备已经把身份进行识别了，选择应该开门或者是给主人的手机上发送有陌生人来访的短信息……这一切都不是科学幻想小说中的情景，现有的技术已经完全可以实现了。现在各种家用电器的智能化程度越来越高，在上班之前可以给电饭煲定时，在你回来之前把饭煮好，对空调器进行定时，在你下班之前把室内的温度调节得舒爽怡人……

在智能家居之前其实人们也提出过智能家庭、网络家庭等一系列类似的概念，而随着技术的进步和人们对居住环境品质要求的提高，现在的智能家居已经开始逐渐地集成了安全防范与报警、电气自动化控制、网络接入等功能，其目的就是让使用者能更加安全惬意地置身其中。

围绕着共同的目标，一些传统的IT厂商提出了以电脑为核心来建立智能家居的方案，它的优势是可以借助电脑强大的处理能力来完成更为复杂的任务，但存在着各种电器之间的连接标准不统一，电脑怎么和冰箱、空调建立联系哪?当然不能用我们习惯的USB 口来连接，而目前在国内还没有形成产业联盟来规范和制定相关的标准，不同厂家推出的整体解决方案各不相同，缺乏互换性。

而由一些诸如奇胜电器等传统电气和工控企业推出的方案非常重视电气自动化的实现，对家居的控制主要由感应器和供电控制中心来完成，具有更为成熟稳定的运行品质，但给人的感觉还是不够聪明，比如对一盏灯的控制大多是关闭和打开两种方式，而无法实现根据自然光和作息时间的不同来真正智能调节。

智能家居前景展望

随着人们生活水平的不断提高，人们不断的对居住环境提出更高的要求，越来越注重家庭生活中每个成员的舒适、安全与便利，因此从市场需求的角度看，智能家居必然是前景广阔。据统计，近几年电工行业年销售额40--60亿元人民币，其中高档产品销售额近20亿元。从市场发展的角度看，以智能网络开关为代表的新型电工产品的市场份额会逐年地快速放大，并最终替代传统的电工产品，这里孕育着巨大的商机。

目前，全国房地产业蓬勃发展，小区智能化已成为一项基本要求，再配上智能家居，“全智能”的概念必然给房地产业带来新的卖点和活力，因此“全智能”是二十一世纪房产开发商力推的主题。从市场的成长环境看，现在我国每年的数字化家园建设比例已经占到了新建住宅总量的30%左右，如果根据国家制定的“到2010年，中国大中城市60%的住宅要实现智能化”的数字化家园这个发展目标，我们认为，中国数字化家园的开发与建设要以年均6%的速度递增。

据调查，13亿人口的中国目前拥有1亿多智能家居家庭客户，这个群体相当于大半个欧洲，构成了一个巨大的、时尚的市场。在这个市场中，平均每家每年花费1000元，就有1000亿元的市场。事实上，市场调查数据表明，属于感性和持继性消费群体，每年

在家居方面的支出人均远远不止1000元。因此，如何在这个市场中站好位置，占住有利地形，关系到能否把握住一个长期的、一劳永逸的商机。

智能家居是人们追求高品质生活的体现，是舒适人生、简单人生的代言，它的存在势必掀起一场人们生活习惯。

随着人们人们经济能力的日益提升，人们也开始对物质生活水平越来越关注了，在生活产品的选择上有了很大的提高，加上城市建设步伐的日益加快和，智能窗帘已经进入了我们的生活，例如一些写字楼、宾馆其中窗帘作为装修不可缺少的一部分，日益火爆起来，智能窗帘有很好的市场前景。

21世纪是科技的时代，智能窗帘有很好的市场前景，而我们常用的窗帘轨道都是钢丝绳手拉式或滑轨式，只有一站部分高收入的家庭采用的是电动遥控轨道，这些轨道主要是由台湾和广东等地所产，价格相当昂贵。但是新型智能窗帘控制盒功能也与其大致相同，但价格较低，安装使用安全方便，成为家纺窗帘市场的一大亮点。

智能窗帘有很好的市场前景，随着科技的发展，人民生活和工作条件的不断改善，电动窗帘越来越为人所接受，在欧美等发达国家，电动窗帘已广泛应用。电动窗帘产品不但实现了电动化，还能通过红外线、无线电遥控或定时控制实现自动化，而且可运用阳光、温度、风等电子感应器，实现产品的智能化操作，降低了人们的劳动强度，延长了窗帘产品的使用寿命。如今，电动窗帘已成为现代高档住宅、宾馆、智能大厦、多媒体中心、私家别墅等的首选自动化窗饰!

随着网络媒体越来越受到人们完善的应用，使得现在这个社会开始步入智能时代，未来很多与生活相关的产业，都将是以科技智能为发展基础了，作为生活中重要组成的智能窗帘虽然价格上没有最大的优势，但是未来智能时代的需求决定了这条路是最好走的。

设计通过分析电动窗帘的发展和现状来规划电动窗帘的智能功能，从而对电动窗帘控制器进行设计。采用步进电机作为执行元件，以光敏电阻作为传感元件的传感器作为检测元件，89C51单片机作为控制芯片，辅助键盘和显示，最终实现了电动窗帘控制器的多项智能项目。

主要章节分为：

（1）绪论：介绍设计目标国内外的发展现状和研究意义目的，设计的基本内容和本文的章节安排。

（2）总体设计方案：给出了电动窗帘控制器的总体方案设想，智能项目，和设计结构规划。

（3）硬件设计：选用89C51单片机为核心的各种电路设计，包括复位电路，电源电路，时钟电路，步进电机控制电路，键盘/显示电路等一系列相关电路。

（4）软件设计：主要介绍了各项功能的设计流程。

（5）总结与展望

电动窗帘控制器总体方案设计是确定能够满足设计要求的总体方案的环节。本章从系统功能需求出发，规划并确定了系统的总体结构，并在此基础上考虑了系统的可扩展性及可实现性。

随着人民生活水平的不断提高，人们对家庭生活舒适性的需求越来越强烈，窗帘作为每个家庭生活中最必须的家居用品之一，自然也需要满足人民更舒适性的需求。窗帘最基本的作用无非是保护业主的个人隐私以及遮阳挡尘等功能，但传统的窗帘您必须手动去开关，每天早开晚关也是挺麻烦的，特别是别墅或复式房的大窗帘，比较长，而且重，用时需要很大的力才能开关窗帘，特别不方便；于是电动窗帘应运而生。现有的电动窗帘都可以自动开关闭窗帘，到了时间自动控制窗帘的开关，可以根据光的但是他们

也有些缺点。窗帘控制器的自动开关如何让窗帘能够开关自如，停机的时间是否到位。

电动窗帘主要有以下几大功能：（1）手动控制：该功能使电动窗帘具有手动正传、手动反转和手动停止的功能。而且增加了工作状态指示，电机工作在正传、反转和停止状态的时候，数码管均有不同工作状态指示。（2）半自动手动控制：半自动手动控制是在需要关闭或打开窗帘的时候，只需要人工按一下“正转”或“反转”按键后，窗帘到位自动停止。（3）环境亮度控制：窗帘的关闭和开启通过环境亮度自动完成窗帘的开启或关闭操作控制，“天黑关闭，天亮打开”具有智能管理，不产生误动作。（4）时间自动控制：根据设置输入的开启或关闭时间，来控制窗帘的关闭和打开。

窗帘的正转、反转和停止功能可由单片机输出电平来控制步进电机的运转以实现。环境亮度的控制通过光敏电阻和运放组成的电路来控制单片机输出电平继而控制电机的正转和反转。时间自动控制可以由定时器来控制。

纵观整个设计系统，单片机使用了熟悉的89C51单片机，从而使整个控制芯片了如指掌。熟悉的控制芯片设计起来也是得心应手。所用芯片简单实用，减少了开发和硬件开销。传感器部分使用光敏电阻，可以持续性的检测外界光强变化，通过电桥电路后的信号进入比较器，可以得出一个信号，此信号经过放大，A/D转换后进入单片机，通过单片机的脉冲信号进而控制步进电机的运行。本设计的步进电机可以很好的执行单片机的命令。步进电机为一种数字伺服执行元件，具有结构简单、运行可靠、控制方便、控制性能好等优点。使得窗帘的开关更加的准确，稳定。设计的时钟电路配合单片机的定时功能，加上光电传感器的检测光强很好的解决了自动控制这项功能。

在设计本系统时，面对各种检测对象和大量控制单元，需要利用各种接口标准和MCU 进行连接，再经过MCU 进行数据处理，实现实时测控。而此时采用单片机来实现智能家居控制系统不仅具有采集控制方便、简单、灵活等优点，而且可以大幅度提高采各模块和芯片的协调性，从而大大提高系统的可利用性。此次系统设计系统正是把利用AT89C51 单片机的优点，顺利的完成了本设计的要求。并且实现了学习型定时和自动控制功能，为控制家居设备提供了良好的基础。

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英文翻译范本(基本无格式错误)

英语专业文献翻译 题目: 基于交通服务感知质量的效用评价方法姓名: 丁贞钰 学院: 工学院 专业: 交通运输 班级: 101班 学号: 30210101 指导教师: 陈青春职称: 副教授 2013年11月25日 南京农业大学教务处制

基于交通服务感知质量的效用评价方法 Hideyuki Kita a Akira Kouchi b a Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Kobe, 1-1, Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 658-8501, Japan b Infrastructural Planning Department, Chodai Co. Ltd., 2-20-6, Shin-machi, Nishi-ku, Osaka, 550-0013, Japan 摘要：本研究旨在开发一个通过宏观交通状态数据评价微观驾驶环境的模型，并且展示一系列基于驾驶员视觉的交通服务质量估算方法的模型。该方法由三部分组成，第一部分通过宏观数据评价行驶速度和时间间隔分配，第二部分评价作为行驶速度和时间间隔联合概率的基点效用。第三部分通过利用经验公式的基点概率分布估计基段效用。通过一个研究案列论证所提出的方法。 关键词：驾驶员感知；交通服务质量；基础效用评价；估计方法；交通调查数据；相关函数 1 引言 交通服务质量直接关系到驾驶员的利益。为了提高交通服务质量，应采取必要措施提高驾驶员对道路规划和交通管理的满意度。采取适当的基于驾驶员感知的方法来评价路用性能是必要的。弄清驾驶员服务质量感知结构对区分驾驶员感知服务质量也是必要的。 从驾驶员感知的角度对服务质量的评价已经有了很大成就,研究人员对评价驾驶员感知结构的感知服务质量做了比以前更多的尝试，但是感知服务质量的层次结构依旧很少被人认识。基于驾驶员的感知结构的层次结构，包括基点服务质量、基段服务质量和基面服务质量。通过参考感知结构的服务质量，Kita(2000)提出了测量服务质量的方法的基本框架。这个框架的基本思想是服务质量的最小单位是微观驾驶环境，比如在每个路段驾驶员的视野范围内相对速度和空间时间间隔。驾驶员对于特定路段的服务质量感知是这些基点服务质量的集合。然而关于感知服务质量的重要因素—微观驾驶环境的数据却很难获得。另一方面，宏观交通状态变量，比如由微观交通状况变量集合的数据—速率，可以很容易的通过车辆检测器。在给定宏观交通状况下，捕捉发生在什么样的微观环境和到什么程度是必要的。但是，没有研究与以上观点相关，直到本文作者对他的认识。 本研究的目的是开发一个通过宏观交通状况变量评价微观驾驶环境的方法，并提出一系列对宏观交通状态变量的基点服务质量的测量和对根据驾驶感知结构和服务质量层次结构基点服务质量的基段服务质量的测量方法。通过使用上面的方法，获得有关驾驶员感知结构的宏观交通状况数据，评价基于驾驶员感知的基段服务质量。 本文组织如下。第2部分，概括评价服务质量领域的相关文献。第3部分，表述包括提出的方法论的一系列方法的概要和基本思想。第4部分，概述运用宏观交通状态变量估计微观驾驶环境的方法。第5部分，开发了一种联系基点感知服务质量和考虑认知倾向的基段感知服务质量的模型，并对概率分布之间的关系效用进行微观分析。第6部分，通过运用从车辆检测器上获得的实际交通状况数据检测本文所表述的理论模型的有效性。第7部分，结论。 2 文献综述 已经做过很多关于驾驶员感知的服务质量评价工作。但由于篇幅有限，只把文献大纲列出如下。更多信息可以从Kita and Kouchi(2010)中获得。有一些研究阐述了交通服务质量应该基于驾驶员的微观驾驶环境的感知评价交通服务质量(Morrall and Werner (1990), Ishibashi et al. (2006))。有一些研究试图找到一个可以展现与感知交通服务质

翻译作业格式模板

翻译练习一（英译汉）小组讨论情况记录 小组成员：赵一，钱二，孙三，李四 本次讨论记录、执笔人：赵一 1.本次翻译文本的目标读者是？ 2.本次翻译任务需要达成的目的是？ 3.请用注释的形式写出“翻译根据”。翻译根据包括（但不限于）根据翻译目的 对翻译方法（策略）的选择；术语的出处或论证过程；译文选词、造句、结构、篇章等方面的考虑； 原文：在国内众多的历史课本或辅导爱国读本中，讲到北宋的社会经济，往往说这时期出现了中国第一个商标。这枚传说中的白兔商标现存于中国历史博物馆，中间一个白兔图，寓“玉兔捣药”之意. 译文：In various Chinese history textbooks and patriotic readings[i], one thing is always covered in the economic development[ii] of the Northern Song Dynasty—the emergence[iii] of China’s first trademark, which is now kept in the National Museum of Chinese History[iv]. This legendary trademark was designed with a white rabbit image in the middle, implying the message of the Jade Rabbit pounding medicine[v] [i]辅导爱国读本 第一步，理解中文。 所谓“辅导爱国读本”一般指供学生课下阅读的旨在培养爱国情操的材料(当然也可以面向社会读者)，内容可以涵盖从古至今国家经济政治文化等各方面情况：讲成就可以培养人们的民族自尊心、自信心、自豪感等等；也可以讲失败、讲教训，激励人们奋发图强，建设祖国。…这些在中国都属于“爱国主义教育”的内容。文中要讲的是北宋出现了中国历史上第一枚商标，这是经济发展的标志之一，算是“成就”，同时此商标设计上又体现了浓郁的中国传统文化特色（玉兔捣药），因此自然会被写入爱国读本让大家了解。 第二步，理解基础上做出一个译文。

翻译时间格式新要求(必看)

一，翻译时间 1，试译文件需在发布任务的2天之内上传，我们将根据提交上来的试译文件选出中标作品，并发站内信通知，注意查收。为方便联系，可以在提交试译文件时留下联系方式（QQ，邮箱，最好是手机） 2，提交作品到指定的邮箱，不能按时交任务的话，要及时通知我。 5，如果稿件由于质量问题被退回，要求从退回日期算起一天之内发回。 二，翻译格式要求 1.应为纯文本格式，编码UTF-8, 统一使用Editplus 3。见附件 介于Editplus界面，左右宽度很大，总的拉动下面那个Bar，可以调整。找到左上Document，点击下拉出现菜单，选择Word-wrap Options...再选择enable word-wrap,然后下面那个format 选80，应该就可以了。 2.格式采用一段英文一段中文的方式（不是一句一句对应，而是一段一段），英 文下面跟中文，可以按照自然段的格式，不要把英文删掉。 使用中文标点，包括逗号（，），句号（。），省略号（……），引号（“”），破折号（——）等都用专门的全角中文标点，而不要使用英文标点。 3. <>表示一条评论的开始，要求一条一条翻译。不要搞混。<>中的内容保留， 不要做任何变动。 4，翻译文本应为纯文本格式，在保存翻译文件的时候点下拉框选编码UTF-8，不要更改原文件名。 三，翻译内容注意事项 1.TripAdvisor 一定要翻译成“到到网”，这个是网站的中文名字。 2.题目括号<>里面的酒店名不需要翻译，正文中的地名，酒店名尽量要翻译（可 在到到网和携程网上找），正文中的人名不需要翻译。 3.Review 里会有一些带感情色彩的话，特别是褒义的，在翻译的时候一定要把 这种感情给表现出来，语气也可以强烈些。比如说，“Amazing Value”有些人把它翻成“物有所值”，但也有些人把它翻成“物超所值”，肯定是后者表达的感情色彩更强烈，也更贴切。

中英文对照版合同翻译样本

1.Sales Agreement The agreement, (is) made in Beijing this eighth day of August 1993 by ABC Trading Co., Ltd., a Chinese Corporation having its registered office at Beijing, the People’ Repubic of China (hereinafter called “Seller”) and International Tradi ng Co., Ltd., a New York Corporation having its registered office at New York, N.Y., U.S.A. (hereinafter called “Buyer”). 2.WITNESSETH WHEREAS, Seller is engaged in dealing of (product) and desires to sell (product)to Buyer, and WHEREAS, Buyer desires to purchase(product) from Sellers, Now, THEREFORE, it is agreed as follows: 3.Export Contract This Contract is entered into this 5th day of August 1993 between ABC and Trading Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called “Seller”) who agrees to sell, and XYZ Trading Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called “Buyer”) who agrees to buy the following goods on the following terms and condition. 4.Non-Governmental Trading Agreement No. ＿＿This Agreement was made on the＿day of＿19＿, BETWEEN ＿ (hereinafter referred to as the Seller) as the one Side and ＿ (hereinafter referred to as the Buyer) as the one other Side. WHEREAS, the Seller has agreed to sell and the buyer has agreed to buy ＿ (hereinafter referred to as the Goods ) the quantity, specification, and price of which are provided in Schedule A. IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS: 5.Contract For Joint-Operation Enterprise ＿＿ COMPANY LTD., a company duly organized under the Law of ＿＿ and having its registered office at (hereinafter called “Party A”) AND ＿＿ COMPANY LTD., a company duly organized under the Law of ＿＿ and having its registered office at (hereinafter called “Party B”) Party A and Party B (hereinafter referred to as the “Parties”) agree to jointly form a Co-operation Venture Company (hereinafter referred to as the “CVC”) in accordance with “the Laws of the People’s Republic of China on Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment” and the “Regulations for the Implementation of the Laws of the People’s Republic of China on Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment” and other applicable laws and regulations. 6.MODEL CONTRACT Contract No. Date: Seller: Signed at: Address: Cable Address: Buyer: Address: Cable Address: The Seller and the Buyer have agreed to conclude the following transactions according to the terms and conditions stipulated below: https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c817741248.html, of Commodity: 2.Specifications: 3.Quantity: 4.Unit Price: 5.Total Price: U.S.$: 6.Packing: 7.Time of Shipment: days after receipt of L/C. 8.Loading Port & Destination Port: From via to . 9.Insurance:

外文文献翻译封面格式及要求(模版)

毕业论文外文文献翻译 院 年级专业： 2009 级XXXXXXXXXXX 姓 名：学 号：附 件： 备注：（注意：备注页这一整页的内容都不需要打印，看懂了即可）

1.从所引用的与毕业设计（论文）内容相近的外文文献中选择一篇或一部分进行翻译（不少于3000实词）； 2.外文文献翻译的装订分两部分，第一部分为外文文献；第二部分为该外文文献的中文翻译，两部分之间用分页符隔开。也就是说，第一外文文献部分结束后，使用分页符，另起一页开始翻译。 3.格式方面，外文文献的格式，除了字体统一使用Times new roman 之外，其他所有都跟中文论文的格式一样。中文翻译的格式，跟中文论文的格式一样。 （注意：备注页这一整页的内容都不需要打印，看懂了即可,定稿后,请删除本页.） 范文如下：注意,下面内容每一部份均已用分页符分开了,如果用本模板,请将每一模块单独删除,直接套用到每一模板里面,不要将全部内容一次性删除. 【Abstract】This paper has a systematic analysis on outside Marco-environment of herbal tea beverage industry and major competitors of brands inside the herbal tea market. Based on

the theoretic framework, this paper takes WONG LO KAT and JIA DUO BAO herbal tea as an example, and researches the strategy on brand positioning and relevant marketing mix of it. Through analysis on the prevention sense of WONG LO KAT herbal tea, it was positioned the beverage that can prevent excessive internal heat in body, a new category divided from the beverage market. the process of brand positioning of it in Consumers brain was finished. Based on this positioning strategy, WONG LO KAT reasonably organized and arranged its product strategy, price strategy, distribution strategy and promotion strategy, which not only served for and further consolidated the position of preventing excessive internal heat in body, but also elevated the value of brand. The JDB and WONG LO KAT market competition brings us enlightenment. Reference the successful experience from the JDB and lessons from the failure of the WONG LO KAT.，Times New Roman. 【Key Words】Brand positioning; Marketing mix; Positioning Strategy; enlightenment, lessons；ABC （本页为英文文献摘要，关键词两项一起单独一页，字体为：Times New Roman，小四号，1.5倍行距）