商务英语翻译试题试卷及答案

商务英语翻译试题（二）

Ⅰ词汇测试题：（2题，每题10分，共20分）

1．该组有10个商务英语英文词或词组，下面均有英文词或词组来进行解释。请将正确的选项标出，要求英英转换意义准确，符合商务英语规。

（10分）

(1) promote

A. to encourage the popularity, sale or development

B. to change or vary

C. to act as judge in an argument

D. to speak or write to someone

(2) to address

A. to speak or write to someone, or to direct information at someone.

B. to offer, supply

C. to stipulate

D. to come up with ideas

(3) to indemnify

A. to pay for the damage

B. to state something officially

C. to suggest an idea

D. to use something instead of another

(4) to cancel an order

A. to confirm an order

B. to deliver a letter

C. to recommend a candidate

D. to make void or of no effect

(5) ceiling

A. upper limit

B. cancellation

C. bottom

D. the lowest point

(6) tide over

A. to help sb. during a period of difficulty

B. to spend a lot of time doing

C. to tie to sth.

D. to try one’s best

(7) carry out

A. to take away

B. to perform or complete

C. to give or offer something

D. to suggest an idea

(8) to complicate

A. to finish something

B. to be dissatisfied with something

C. to make something more difficult to deal with

D. to compare with something

(9) to put on an event

A. to come up with ideas

B. to come on for sth.

C. to arrange for sth

D. to work on managerial skills

(10) emergency

A. sth. dangerous or serious which happens suddenly

B. stipulation

C. sales promotion

D. an act of breaking a law, promise or agreement

2. 该组有10个商务英语英文词或词组，下面均有汉语词或词组来进行解

释，请将正确项选出，要求英汉转换意义准确，符合商务英语规。

（10分）

(1) a line of credit

A. 信用额度

B. 在信用基础上

C. 信用公司

D. 信用等级

(2) to comply with (regulations)

A. 制定规则

B. 修改规则

C. 否定规则

D. 遵循规则

(3) premium

A. 最低费用

B. 罚单

C. 保险费

D. 赔偿

(4) to go into liquidation

A．去偿付债务 B. 去调查行情

C. 去企业评估

D. 去进行售后服务

(5) Preference Stock

A. 优惠股

B. 普通股

C. 绩优股

D. 优先股

(6) financial scene

A. 商业场景

B. 金融场面

C. 金融业

D. 资金融通

(7) unprecedented

A. 前所未有的

B. 不可预见的

C. 难以想象的

D. 空前绝后的

(8) open-package inspection

A. 裸装货

B. 开箱检验

C. 未包装前检验

D. 安装，装配

(9) underwrite

A 出售

B 策划

C 认购

D 营销

(10) trustee

A. 受托人

B. 委托人

C. 违约方

D. 认购人

II．语境意义，完形填空题（2题，共30分）

本组考题共有15个空，每空下有多项意义近似的英语选项，从中择一准确选项填入空。

要求：A 词语的特定环境所产生的意义。

B 词语的情态色彩意义。

C 词语的语法意义

D 句子与超句群在特定的集约形式中的意义。

E 语篇的主题意义

1．完形填空题（10空，每空1.5分）

Claim Damages

In most cases, bona fide party to an international sales contract will do his best to _ 1__ his duties either as a seller or a buyer, after the conclusion of the contract. However, it is not rare that either party to a contract may fail to perform his duties, or his performance is _ _2___ with the terms provided on the contract. In case one party __3___ the contract, he may cause damage or loss to the other, who is entitled to take __4___ measures according to the contract and the law.

Most international sales contracts contain a claim clause in which the principles, time and applicable law of remedy are provided.

To claim damages is a major remedy for breach of contract.

According to the Convention, the buyer still maintains the right to claim damages even if he has resorted to other remedial measures. But how much should the damages be?

The principles for determining the sum of damages are __5___ in different laws. The Convention provides that damages for breach of contract consist of a sum __6__ to the loss, including loss of profit suffered by the injured party as a consequence of the breach, including loss of profit suffered by the injured party as a consequence of the breach, and the damages may not exceed the loss which the party in breach, and the damages may not exceed the loss which the party in breach foresaw

or ought to have foreseen at the time of the conclusion of the contract, in the __7__ of the facts and matters of which he then knew or ought to have known. The basic principle for damages claim is that the damages paid will enable the economic state of the injured party to be recovered to that extent where the contract would have been performed.

In case of non-delivery, the buyer may declare the contract avoided. In a reasonable manner and within a reasonable time, the buyer may claim damages.

Two points are __8__ of special attention: first, according to the Convention and laws of many states, the buyer must take reasonable measures to __9__ further loss. If he does not do so, which causes further losses, he is not __10__ to claim damages for the further loss which could have been prevented; secondly, when the buyer claims damages, he does not have to prove whether the conduct of the seller contains any fault. If he can show evidences that the seller does not perform the obligations under the contract, which cause damages to him, the buyer may exercise the right to claim damages.

1. A. do B. make C. perform D. determine

2. A. inconsistent B. line C. comply D. term

3. A. abides B. breaches C. does D. works

4. A. potential B. useless C. advanced D. remedial

5. A. same B. differ C. varied D. similar

6. A. total B. quota C. equal D. offer

7. A. right B. wake C. light D. dependence

8. A. worthless B. worthy C. spending D. cost

9. A. prevent B. incur C. induce D. attract

10. A. right B. encouraged C. refuse D. entitled

2．语境意义题：

文中有五处缺少容，请从文后的选项中选出合适的选项，填回到原文中相应的位置（5空，每空3分）

Simulations of air, soil and water contamination on computer are increasingly being hailed as cheap and efficient ways of studying the environment. And as recent findings regarding the Chesapeake Bay indicate, computers can demonstrate complex interactions that simply

cannot be determined using other methods.

Computer modeling has revealed that approximately 25 percent of the nitrogen in the Chesapeake comes from air pollution wafting in from as far away as western Pennsylvania, Ohio and Kentucky. (1) _______________

To arrive at this conclusion, Robin Dennis of the Environmental Protection Agency and his colleagues digitally recreated the atmosphere above the eastern U.S. and combined this information with another model that examined how water flows into the Chesapeake. In particular, the group simulated how air moves across the country and how nitrogen pollution reacts with other airborne compounds and then drops to the ground directly or in rain.

Conventional wisdom has generally held that nitrogen pollution falls out fairly ~ quickly. Thus, simple models had suggested that air pollution from local sources probably contributed to the bay's condition.

(2) ______________

Although water testing helps to monitor the state of the bay, models demonstrate how the pollution gets there. Despite several years of regulations on waterborne pollution, nitrogen levels have not decreased as much as expected. (3) _______________

Much of the Chesapeake modeling was carried out at the EPA' s three-year-old National Environmental Supercomputing Center, which currently provides computer time for about 40 different projects on topics such as urban air pollution or the effects of landfills. Instead of having to sample a huge region to determine where a toxic compound might end up if released by a factory, researchers using computers need only am few samples to establish original conditions. (4) _______________

Such techniques can often save a great deal of money. In the early 1980s, researchers assessing the feasibility of a field experiment to study acid rain in the eastern U.S. -- a project similar in scale to one that might test the findings from the Chesapeake model put the price tag at $ 500 million. In contrast, Dennis estimates that the project to model the air pollution affecting the bay has cost around $ 500 000.

Yet for all their power, models cannot include every aspect of a natural system. (5) _______________ For instance, predictions about global warming have been controversial, because, as critics point out,

various models, each with district assumptions, can give vastly different results. Having absolute faith in a simulation of an environmental problem can be tough, even for computer experts. Stephen E. Cabaniss of Kent University emphasize that for now, old-fashioned laboratory experiments as well as actual sampling of water, soil and air are still vital pieces of information needed to validate computer data to or nudge models in the right direction.

A And although experiments also cannot evaluate every detail, models in particular trigger complaints about accuracy.

B If people will not believe a computer model that forecasts a rise in global temperature over the next century, it is unclear whether they will accept a computer's assessment of what is safe to put in drinking water.

C Then, intricate computer programs, which consider details down to the movement of atoms, fill in aspects such as how a compound will degrade in the environment, whether any secondary products will be toxic, how the chemicals might percolate down to the water table or how they might accumulate in wildlife. In some cases, the toxic compound being studied may not have been produced yet.

D. Dennis asserts that although controls on water pollution must not be abandoned, attempts to lower nitrogen levels in the bay may not be fully successful unless air pollution is also reduced.

E But the more extensive model revealed that such pollution presents a much larger problem: 25 percent of nitrogen pollution is still being carried aloft 500 miles from its source.

F Don' t put away those lab coats yet.

G This finding alters the current perception that the bay' s greatest

problems stem from more local waterborne pollution, such as sewage and runoff from agriculture.

III．形式主义类题（5句，每句4分，共20分）

该题型旨在考核学生两种语言对应能力，五个汉语单句需译成英语，要求体现原语形式意义。

1.发达成员有责任帮助发展中成员尽快走出困境。这样也有助于发达成

员实现持续发展。

2．新的世纪充满着机遇和挑战，让我们共同合作，迎接挑战，使多边贸易体制得到巩固和加强，为世界经济贸易的稳定和发展不断做出贡献。

3. 你方3月10日来函。从信中我们获悉你方希望得到我方梅林牌罐头食

品的报盘。

4. 在大多数情况下，目的一致（盈利）而方式各异的交易的双方最终都

要经过谈判来做成生意。

5. 我们无意催促你方作出决定，但是由于该商品需求量大，为了你方的

利益我们建议你方接受我们的报盘。

IV. 风格意义类试题（共30分）

将下面段落译成适应原文风格的汉语表达，要求不仅译文忠实于原文，

流畅无误，而且在篇章词语风格上，能与原文相适应。

Under some systems of law, trade terms have, at least traditionally, been used only to determine the division of costs between the parties. However, in present international custom the main purpose of trade terms is to determine at what points the seller could be said to have been delivered to the buyer.

Uncertainty about these obligations could be very harmful for the contracting parties. Lack of precision would almost inevitably lead to disputes, including litigation, and to a considerable increase in "overhead" expenditures in everyday operations.

Moreover, the parties in different countries would be very unwilling to subject themselves to the laws and practices of the other. They would probably feel secure using the laws of their own country but would find it difficult to assess the consequences of rules of interpretations used in a foreign country.

In order to be truly useful, trade terms should have universal ap-plication and should make explicit the obligations of both parties. This is the aim of Incoterms.

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