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四级新题型段落翻译

大学英语四级2013改革后新题型段落翻译练习题答案评分标准

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2013年12月新题型大学英语四级考试翻译题型

大学英语四级考试?翻译题型新改革后翻译题型:段落翻译（汉译英）

测试学生把汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的能力。分值比例：15% 考试时间：30分钟。内容：中国历史、文化、经济、社会发展长度：140-160个汉字；

大学英语四级考试新题型评分标准

档次13-15分10-12分7-9分4-6分1-3分0分评分标准译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思。用词不准确，有相当多的严重语言错误。译文支离破碎。除个别词语或句子，绝大部分文字没有表达原文意思。未作答，或只有几个孤立的词，或译文与原文毫不相关。

练习1 ? 中国将进一步发展经济、扩大开放，这对海外企业（enterprises）意味着更多的商机。改革开放以来，中国企业与海外企业一直积极开展经济技术合作，并取得了巨大成就。海外企业不仅帮助了中国企业的成长，而且也在合作中获得了收益。中国政府将继续提供有利的政策和条件，推动中国企业与国外企业进一步开展合作。key 1

? China will develop its economy further and open itself wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises. Since Chi na’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have been cooperating with overseas enterprises in terms of economy and techn ology, and have scored great achievement. Overseas enterprises have not only helped Chinese enterprises with their growth, but also benefited from the cooperation. Chinese government will continue to offer favorable policies and conditions to promote the further cooperation between Chinese and overseas enterprises.

练习2

? 狮舞（Lion Dance）是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视为是能带来好运的吉祥物（mascot）。古人将狮子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护人类。据记载，狮舞已拥有了2,000多年的历史。在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），狮舞就已经被引入了皇室。因此，舞狮成为元宵节（the Lantern Fe stival）和其他节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好运、平安和幸福。

Key 2

The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China. The lion is the king of animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck. Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans. The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years. During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty. Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.

练习3 ? 假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。

Key 3

? The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese people’s consumption concept is undertaking great changes. According to statist ics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development. Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development. On the other hand, services should be improved to sat isfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.

练习4 ? 端午节又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。

Key 4

? The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, i s to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified. People got to the spot by boat and cast g lutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s body. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.

练习5

? 2013年6月20日在中国各地，剧估计60万儿童和他们的老师观看了有宇航员（astronaut）王亚平在距离地球300公里的上空所讲授的科学课。王亚平与两个同事乘坐天宫一号实验舱(the Tiangon-1 laboratory module) 执行为期两周的任务。她在课上进行了一系列太空的物理演示。在有些演示中还对比了在地球上重力（one-gravity）环境下同样的实验。这堂物理课不仅让孩子们享受了一堂知识与乐趣兼具的物理课，也显示了我国通信科技的前进。

Key 5

? On June 20, 2013, an estimated 600 thousand school children and their teachers across China watched a science lesson taught from 300km above the Earth by astronaut Wang Yaping. Wang is aboard the Tiangong-1 laboratory module with two crewmates, for a two-week mission. Her lessons were a series of physics demonstrations in the space. In some demonstrations, she compared with the same experiment under the one-gravity environment on Earth. The lesson has not only offered children a physics lesson with knowledge and interest, but also shows the advance in communication technology of China.

四六级段落翻译技巧

翻译看似变难，实则得分点变多

四六级翻译由原来的句子翻译，改为了汉译英段落翻译，难度提升不少，分数也随之上升。一方面，大家要引起重视；另一方面，要考虑到翻译时间延长，不像之前的5分钟那么紧张，而且翻译内容越长，可以有的采分点也就越多。

专家翻译建议：划分语块

翻译解题思路是：先仔细研读中文，把其划为语块，再将这些语块译成单词或短语，最后注意连接、修订！语块，其实不是什么神秘的术语，就是句子中能够表达完整语义的最小单位。

例如：

梅兰芳是京城四大名旦之一。

切分的语块就为：梅兰芳/（是）/ 京城/ 四大名旦/ 之一。

语块对应的英文：Meilanfang / is / Beijing / four famed Peking Opera female-role performers / of +复数名词

所以连接时，稍微注意中英文并非一一对等，调整语序得出：

Meilanfang is one of four famed Peking Opera female-role performers in Beijing.

草根也有智慧：套模板句

写作可以套模板句。翻译也如此。有英语专业的前辈就给了这样的草根建议。那就是在平常汉译英的学习过程中，注意对一些通用型的句型进行积累，转化为模板。

下面就给大家一些翻译模板句：

1. ________ has / enjoys a history of ________. （用于介绍历史）

2. _________ was popular / widespread. （用于介绍流行程度）

3. ________ be used to do sth.（表示用途）

4. _________ stand for / symbolize / signify ___________.（某物象征了……）

5. ____________ is given as a present to sb.（馈赠）

6. ________ is well-known as / famous for/ noted for ________. （以……著称/ 有名）

7. 一般：__________ start / begin from… to _________（从……延续到……）

8. 更优：__________ run from … to_________（从……延续到……）

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/e611012923.html,/home

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/e611012923.html,/why###

考研翻译1990-2009年必背词组总结

1990

be determined by…被…所决定

have something to do with…与…有关

be central to sth.是…的核心

in contrast与此相反

due to…由于

be dep rived of…被剥夺…

1991

shut off关上，停止，切断

in any case不管怎样

or so 大概

at the rate of…以…的速率

take time 花费时间

be likely to…可能；倾向于

result in导致

not nearly远不能；远非

head into走向；陷入（危机）

in the matter of… 关于；就…而言

make…possible 使…成为可能

combine…with…把...和…结合起来；加上…

1992

refer to…提到；谈到

agreement on…. 一致意见

be comparable to… 和…相当；犹如…

in terms of…根据；按照；在…方面

on the whole 总体来说；大体上看

draw a conclusion 得出结论

have the attitude towards…对…的态度

1993

nothing but…只不过是

by means of…通过…；借助于…

by the help of…通过…的帮助

in a sort of sense

manage to do sth.

ex tract …from…提炼出

out of…起源；来源；根据

build up建立

by no means 绝不

be compared with…

a sort of…某种

set in 开始；

differ in…在…方面不同

go through 经历；经受；仔细检查

1994

not so much…as…与其说…不如说…

because of 由于

move forward 向前发展

in short 简而言之；总之

as we call it 我们所谓的

the reach of science 科学能够到达的范围

a series of 一系列

over the years 多年以来

turn…on…转向，朝向

rather than 而不是

at the expense of 以…为代价

vice versa反之亦然

depend on 取决于

the driving force 驱动力

1995

in doing sth.在…过程中

divert…from… 把…从…转移

lie with…取决于；在于

be validated by… 被…验证/证实whether…or…是...还是

depend upon…and on…取决于…还取决于…depend upon…and upon…取决于…还取决于…such…as…例如...,象这种的

in general 通常；大体上；一般而言

for example 比如

compensate for 补偿；赔偿

underprivileged youngster 贫困的/下层社会的年轻人grow up 长大

under…circumstances.在…环境下

1996

be results of… 由于…

social needs 社会需求

to some extent 在一定程度上

come to the conclusion 得出结论

make demand of… 对…提出要求

scientific establishment 科研机构

in detail 详细地

a certain amount of 一定数量的

not related to… 与…没有关系

immediate goals 当前目标

be unable to do… 不能够…

in principle 原则上；基本上；一般而言

deal with 应付；解决；处理

new forms of thought 新的思维方式

as well as 和

new subjects for thought 新的思维对象/内容in the past 过去

give rise to sth. 导致；引起；使…产生

1997

an agreed account of… …的共识

human rights 人权

leads ...to… 导致

at the outset 从一开始；开始的时候

invite sb. to do sth. 使某人认为

duties and entitlements 权利和义务

extend to 给与

no…at all. 根本不是

Arguing from the view that…以…的角度看different from.... 与…不同

in every relevant respect 在所有相关的方面in action 起作用

rather than 而不是

laugh at 嘲笑

1998

even more important 更重要的是

be able to 能够

look into 洞察；观察

put forward 放出；拿出；提出

work with 与…共事/合作；起作用

close in on…包围；围住

as expected 正如预期的

a refinement of 一种更为完美的

1999

as…as… …和…一样

conform to 符合；遵照

see…as 把…看作

less…and more… 与其说…不如说…intellectual discipline知识学科whether…or…是…还是…

refer to指代…

peculiar to……特有的

appropriate to… 适合的；恰当的

apply to 适合于；存在于

view…as… 把…看成；把…当成equate…with…. 把…等同于…；认为…是

2000

under…conditions在…条件下

such as 比如

it is obvious that… 很明显…

be bound up with与…联系在一起；与…有关系be directly bound up with 与…直接相关

in turn 依此；轮流；又

rest upon…取决于

of all kinds 所有种类的…

owing to 由于

be exposed to sth. 暴露于；接触到

be forced to do sth. 被迫做…

for the reasons given above 由于上述原因

far-reaching 意义深远的；影响很大的

spread over 遍布；覆盖

or so大约

because of 由于

arise from…由…产生的；由…带来的migration movement 人口流动

modern means of transport 现代交通手段

2001

be regarded as…被当成是

piece together 拼合；汇聚；综合

hundreds of 数以百计的

around the world 全世界

key breakthroughs 重大突破

take place 发生

point out 指出

lead to 导致

home appliances 家用电器

result in 倒是

2002

what is called 所谓的

trace…to… 从…寻找根源；从…研究

state of mind 心态

and so on诸如此类

…partly because…and partly because…部分因为…部分因为…be held responsible for…被认为应该对…负责

be given credit for… 为…受到称赞

with it 随之

2003

subject…to…使…服从于

in… manner 以…方式；用…方法

seek to 力图；试图；设法

combined with 加上；连同

bring to 加进；使用；采用

define…as… 把…定义为

makes…possible 使…成为可能

2004

have some connections w ith…与…有联系；

take root 生根；被牢固树立

be obliged to sb. 感激某人

die out 灭绝

so…that… 如此…以至于

accuse sb. of… 指责某人干某事

be interested in doing sth. 对…感兴趣

come to 开始；逐渐；进而

believe in 相信

a sort of某种的

2005

as elsewhere 像其他地方一样

bring together 使联合；使团结

in relation to 有关

one another 互相

…out of… 在…当中

make up 组成

no less than 多达；不少于

take a loss 亏损

deal with 对付；处理

on such a scale 如此规模的

it is no exaggeration to say…毫不夸张地说

2006

be analogous to… 与…类似；与…相似

contribute to… 有助于

be charged with…承担…；负责…

dedicate…to…把…献给…；把…用于…

make reflections on…对…进行思考

rules of conduct 行为准则

moral code 道德标准

moral judgments 道德判断

2007

special preserve 专有特权intellectual equipment 知识能力link…to 把…同…联系起来

be parallel to 类似于

on a daily basis 每天

established conventions 既定惯例a clear grasp of… 对…的清晰领会

2008

superior to 优于

be injurious to 对…有害

2009

original motive 最初动机

新四级汉译英段落翻译技巧

新四级汉译英段落翻译技巧新四级汉译英段落翻译解题技巧 ?题型简介?基本要求?翻译技巧题型简介 ?自2013年12月考次起，全国大学英语四级考试的翻译部分将由原单句汉译英调整文段落汉译英，翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等题材。 140~160词基本要求要求考生以词、句的翻译为基础，扩大到对整体段落的翻译的把握，段落内容相对完整、结构相对独立。翻译时要把整个段落当作一个有机的语篇，注意各句子之间的衔接和段落间的过渡。翻译技巧 (一) 词的翻译 (二) 句的翻译 (三) 段落翻译 (一) 词的翻译 1. 词义选择 2. 词类转换 3. 词的增补 4. 词的省略 5. 词的替代 1.词义选择 (1)语境词?汉语有些词语的含义会因语境而发生微妙的变化，称之为“语境词”，应紧密结合上下文译成相应的词，不能按照原词的字面意思来译。?原文：手机刷新了人与人的关系。?译文：Cell phone have altered the relationship among people. ?分析：“刷新”此处实际是指“改变”，而并非是我们平常所指的含义，因此不宜译成refurbish或renovate，翻译为alter或 change更恰当。 (2) 表意模糊的词?原文：这所全国重点大学为社会输送了大批的人才。?译文：The national key university has prepared batches of qualified graduates for the society. ?分析：“输送”在句中是一个模糊笼统的词，具体说来是指“培养出”。“人才”笼统，译为qualified graduates比较确切。 (3) 比喻词汇?汉语有许多比喻词汇，表面意义和喻指含义完全不同，英译时应跳出机械对应的思维定式，动态地译出其潜在含义。?原文：老师答应给这几个学生“吃小灶”。?译文：The teacher has promised to give these students special tuition. ?分析：“吃小灶”在这里指的是“个别辅导”。 2.词类转换 (1)动词?名词?英语动词受到形态变化规则的严格限制，大量本应该由动词表达的概念，常需借助于名词，因为名词不受形态规则的束缚，使用相对灵活、方便。?原文：吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。?译文：You"ll be full of praise while eating the first two main courses. ?分析：英语中有大量抽象名词表示行为或动作意义 advice,agreement,inheritance,knowledge,praise,use等。以上例句借助抽象名词表达了特定的行为动作，译文也显得较为地道。 (2)动词?介词?介词与名词密切相关，英语名词的广泛使用使得介词也频繁出现，而且英语中有些介词本身就是由动词演变来的。汉译英时，有些动词可以用介词来表达。?原文：人们常用剪纸美化环境。?译文：People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. (3)动词?形容词?汉语的一些动词常常用形容词来表达，这些形容词通常是与动词同源的词（如dreamful,doubtful,sympathetic 等），这样的译文有时会更地道、标准。?原文：在明朝和清朝时期特别流行。?译文：It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

历年英语四级翻译真题与答案

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2019年专业英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案：《论语》请将下面这段话翻译成英文：《论语》《论语》(The Analects of Confucius)是儒家的经典著作之一，它是对孔子及其弟子（disciple )的言行和对话的记录。众所周知，孔子是一位伟大的思想家和哲学家，他的思想被发展成了儒家哲学体系。《论语》是儒家思想的代表作，数个世纪以来，《论语》一直极大地影响着中国人的哲学观和道德观，它也影响着其他亚洲国家人民的哲学观和道德观。参考翻译： The Analects of Confucius The Analects of Confucius is one of the Confucius classics and is a record of the words and acts of Confucius and his disciples, as well as the conversations they held. It's well-known that Confucius is a great ideologist and philosopher, and his thoughts have been developed into a system of philosophy known as Confucianism. The Analects of Confucius is a representative work of Confucianism. For centuries, it has been heavily influencing the philosophy and moral outlook of Chinese people and that of the people of other Asian countries as well. 1.经典著作：翻译为classics即可，简单明了。 2.儒家哲学体系：可直译为Confucian philosophy system 或者a system of philosophy known as Confucianism,仅仅需要注意表意完整。

2013年12月大学英语四级改革后段落翻译样题(附答案)最新

Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)(原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字。) ( 1 )Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节(the Dragon Boat Festival)是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子(zongzi)。中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节(The Mid-autumn Festival)的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国的农历新年(the Chine se lunar New Year’s holiday)，除了常见的家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统食物，如铰子和年糕。参考答案 Traditional Chinese holiday meals are indispensable on some festivals. For example, the Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan and people usually hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, or rice dumpling on that day. The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon. The round moon is a symbol for completeness and family reunion. The special food of the day is yuebing, a round cake known as the mooncake. The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday. Besides the popular poultry and meat, people cook traditional food according to regional customs, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the “ 1 ” new year cake . 难点精析 ■ 1.中国的传统节庆膳食：翻译为Traditional Chinese holiday meals,其中“节庆膳食”直接译为holiday meals , 即可，翻译时注意“中国的”和“传统”的顺序。 2.纪念：翻译为介词短语in memory of,修饰前面的a day。 ■ 3.赛龙舟：翻译为hold dragon boat races,其中hold意为“举行”，“举行龙舟比赛”即“赛龙舟”。

20131220176历年四级段落翻译真题汇总

2013年12月四级翻译试题 1 【原文】许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。【翻译答案】Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill but also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. Although cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy. 2 【原文】信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。【翻译答案】As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Information Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course. Regarding to this phenomenon, people holding different views. Some people think it is not necessary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of people think it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern. 3 【原文】"你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。