《英美报刊选读》答案解析

《英美报刊选读》

一、教学目的

通过本课程的学习，使学员对英美报刊有一个清晰的了解，认识英美报刊语言、文体、

词汇、语法等基本特点，掌握英美报刊阅读的基本知识及技巧，为独立阅读英美报刊打下良

好的基础。

二、教材特点

与该课程旧教材（第 1 版）相比，本教材具有以下特点：

1．为使学生改变以往依赖教师和英汉词典的学习习惯，培养他们独自排解疑难词语的

能力，编者不但向他们推荐工具书，并教授他们使用方法；为使他们能加深对词汇的记忆，

还介绍词法和重要词根及词缀。

2．为使学生掌握必要的新闻词语和扩大词汇量，本书在“新闻词语解说”中尽量结合

课文，讲透疑难词语。此外还列出一些与这些词语或课文内容有关的课外词汇。

3．为使学生掌握必要的读报知识，本书在“背景知识”中尽量结合课文，介绍重要的

并时常见诸报端的人物、党派和组织机构等，并举例说明其重要性。

4．为使学生对新闻写作有一个大致的认识，加深对课文的理解，编者较系统地说明标

题的若干特点，对新闻体裁的分类、导语和写作特点及常语等做了简介。

三、教学内容

《英美报刊选读》为省开课程。

1．授课内容：重点为第1、3、4、5、6、8、13、15、17、19、20、21、24、28、30 课（共15 课），其它内容主要供自学。

2．课时安排：

a) 学员自学： 2 学时/周，共30 学时学完15 课。

b) 面授辅导： 4 学时/次，共 4 次。每学时辅导一课，最后一学时复习。

3．作业：共四次，在湖北电大网站英语本科网页上下载，课后完成，交辅导教师批改，

评分，作为平时成绩的主要依据。学员完成作业后，可浏览网页上的“答案及详解”，以加深理解，检查自己掌握的情况

四、教学建议

教师授课时应以学生为中心，鼓励学生自己去探索和获取知识。在上课时，可要求学生先回答每课后的练习题——Questions,使他们基本了解课文的主要内容。然后，再逐段或跳

跃式选段对学生需要掌握的内容、新闻词语和背景知识进行阅读和问答式方式讲解。如果备课充分，学生的英语水平又高，教员可采用美英教员教授母语的方法，抛开课本或讲义，只

讲有关课文的重点词语、背景知识和写作手法等。这样，学生除预习外，课后还要结合教员

在课堂上所讲的内容好好复习课文。这两种授课方式的好处是，使学生通过自学（指预习）

和教师的指导，自己主动去掌握知识。与以教员为中心的灌输式教学方式相比，学生更能巩固所学，并使他们今后更能发挥学习潜能。此外，这也使有的教员摆脱了那种课文注释那么

详细而觉得在课堂上没有多少可讲的被动地位和局面。当然，这只是本人的实践和看法。我相信在调动学生主动学习的积极性方面还有更多、更好的教学法。

五.考试说明

“英美报刊选读”期末考试题型介绍

1．报刊名称及常见报刊词汇英译汉：十小题，每题 2 分，共20 分内容以辅导书的附录为主. 2．阅读理解： 2 篇文章，选自作业题，选择题或判断题，共40 分。

3．阅读与翻译：一篇文章，选自教材重点课目练习，共40 分。

1)．问答题：20 分。2).段落英译汉：20 分。

六.课程辅导

《英美报刊选读》辅导一

Newspapers and Headlines

Do you have the habit of reading newspapers in English?What newspapers do you like to read?The following is a list of the major newspapers in Britain and the United States.

●The major newspapers in Britain

Dailies Sundays

The Times News of the World

The Guardian The Observer

Financial Times The Sunday People

The Daily Telegraph Sunday Mirror

Daily Express The Sunday Telegraph

Daily Mail The Sunday Times

Daily Mirror

●The major daily newspapers in the United States

New York Times USA Today

Washington Post Chicago Daily Tribune

Los Angeles Times Detrolt News

Wall Street Journal New York Daily News

Christian Science Monitor

Newspapers ,along with reporting the news ,instruct ,entertain,

and give opinions. A newspaper has separate sections: world news, national and local news, sports, business ,entertainment, opinions, comics, classified ads,etc.

You can be a better reader if you know what to expect in a newspaper.For example, when you read a newspaper you usually look quickly at headlines first. Newspaper headlines have a language

of their own and it is necessary to learn about it.Please read the following headlines:

Moscow official wounded by gunmen

Earthquake rocks Turkey

Husband to sue wife

Boy on cliff rescued

Young Sudanese refugees endured famine, separations from family

From above we can see two prominent features of English newspaper headlines:

☆Headlines are almost always in the present tense and even future

events are put in the present tense 。

☆Headlines generally omit unnecessary words, especially articles and the verb to be.And is often replaced by a comma.

Newspaper headlines can be classified into several types:

☆Straight headlines give you the main topic of the story.They are the most common type of headline and are the easiest to understand.

Snow has chilling effects on South

Clinton offers Bush advice.

☆Headlines that ask a question,report a future possibility or offer some doubt about the truth or accuracy of the story.

Can technology fix ballot woes?

Do market analysts have bad aim or bad intentions?

☆Headlines that contain a quotation which is important or which shows that a statement is not proven.

Mother:Let my baby go

“We won’t quit ”

☆Double headlines are two-part headlines for the same story and are often used for major events.

How Express broke diplomatic silence

HUSH- U P ON “SPY”ENVOYS

☆Feature headlines are used for stories that are either highly unusual or amusing.Headlines for such stories try to be as clever as possible to catch

the reader'sinterest.

Teletubbles maker seeks funds for expansion

Dead student fell under the crush during clashes

《英美报刊选读》辅导二

Understanding Headline Vocabulary

English newspaper headlines use a special vocabulary.A headline contracts a lot of information into a short space and hence in

headlines we often see

●Short words used instead of long ones

e.g. aid=assist bare=expose or reveal;

blast=explode probe=investigation

woo=seek to win

●Abbreviations such as short names which can be used when they

are likely to be identified by the reader.Also initials are used whenever possible.

e.g. Close-up on WILL(WILL=Willam Shakespeare)

Yard smash airport gang(Yard=Scotland Yard)

MP slams hospital delay(MP=member of Parliament)

●shortened words and slang

e.g. Weekly mag for stamp lovers to be launched(mag=magazine)

Br fly into stormover plgeon ban(Br=Britain)

Olivier denies “blackmail ”jibe(jibe=an insulting attack)

The following is a list of words with their common headline meanings.Try to be famillar with these words.

Word Common headline meaning Exampl

Accord agreement Accord possible today

Air to make known TV airs “facts o”n arms delivery

Assail to criticize strongly Russ assails US on A-tests

Axe to dismiss from a job Governor to axe aide?

Back to support Algeria backs decision to ignore dollar

Balk to refuse to accept Union balks at court order

Bar not to allow Club faces shutdown for barring women

Bid attempt Bid to open border

offer Union rejects latest bid

Bilk to cheat Clerk bilks company of $1m

Blast(noun) explosion;strong criticism Tanker blast near Manila

(verb) criticize strongly MP blasts democrats

strike with explosives

blaze fire Blaze kills three

cite mention Management cites labor unrest for

shutdown

claim to declare to be true Man claims ghost sighting

claim(claim to kill Bombs claim40

the life of)

clash(noun) battle; dispute Marine dies in clash

(verb) disagree strongly;fight Mayor clashes with city council

cool uninterested; unfriendly Moscow cool to aid offer

curb limit; control Sunday driving curbs planned

deadlock a disagreement that Jury deadlock in kidnap trial

cannot be settled

drive a strong well-planned effort Cancer drive exceeds goal

by a group for a particular

purpose

due expected Greek FM due today

eye to watch with interest Women's groups eye court vote

ease to reduce or loosen Rome eases martial law

eve the day before Violence on eve of independence

fault to find in the wrong Study faults police

feud dispute; Border feud danger to regional

peace

strong disagreement

flay accuse;criticize strongly US flays Russia

foe opponent; enemy Clinton talks with

congressional foes

foil to prevent from succeeding FBI folls bid to hijack plane to

Iran

grip to take hold of Cholera fear grips Japan

gut to destroy completely by fire Year's biggest fire guts 178

homes

head off to prevent President heads off rail

strike

heist theft Jewel heist foiled

hold keep in police control; 7 held for smuggling

arrest

ink to sign Thailand,Malaysia ink sea

treaty

key very important Gov't.wins key vote

kick off to begin Fiery speech kicks off

campaign

lash out criticize strongly; College heads lash out at

NUS

accuse

laud to praise PM lauds community spirit

line position;demand Israel softens line

launch to begin Police launch anti-drug

drive

link connected to Fungus linked to mystery

diseas

loom expected in the near Treaty dispute looming

future

loot(noun) stolen money or goods Police recover loot

WORD 格式整理版

(verb) unlawful taking away of Rioters loot stores goods

valuable

nab to capture Gang leader nabbed

net to take possession of; Customs check nets over

$2m

capture

nod approval Minister seeks nod for oil

saving plan

office an important government Minister quits,tired of office position

opt choose;decide Swiss opt to back tax for

churches

oust to take power away from Voters'oust incumbents

pact a solemn agreement Peace pact today?

Plea deeply felt request Mother's plea;Let me see my

baby

a statement in court indicating Guilty pleas expected

guilt or innocence Guilty pleas expected

pledge promise IOC pledges support

poised ready for action Workers poised to strike

WORD 格式整理版

poll election October poll?

Voting station Voters go to the polls in Japan

Post position in government, Unknown gets key Cabinet

post

Business

Probe investigation Governor orders fire probe

Prompt to cause Court decision prompts public

anger

Rage to burn out of control Forest fire rages]

Rap(noun) accusation charge Corruption rap unfair says

senator

(verb) criticize Safety commission raps auto

companies

rock to shock;to surprise Gov't.report rocks stock market

rout defeat completely Rebels routed,leave 70 dead

row a quarrel Oil price row may bring down

gov't.

rule decide Court rules out PLO talks

sack dismiss from a job Jail chief sacked

sack(from to search thoroughly and rob 14 held for US embassy

sacking

“ransack ” )

set decided on;ready IMF talks set for April

slay to kill or murder 2 slain in family row

snag problem;difficulty Last minute snag hits arms talks

snub to pay no attention to Protestants snub Ulster peace bid

soar to rise rapidly Inflation rate soars

spark to cause;to lead to action Frontier feuding sparks

attack

stalemate a disagreement that cannot be settled

New bid to break hostage stalemate

stall making no progress Peace effort in Lebanon stalled

stance attitude;way of thinking New stance toward power cuts

stem to prevent or stop Rainy season stems refugee exit

sway to influence or persuade President fails to sway union-strike set

swindle an unlawful way of getting money Stock swindle in NY

thwart prevent from being successful Honduras attack thwarted

ties relations Vietnam ties soon?

Trim to cut Senate trims budget

Trigger to cause Killing triggers riot

Vie to compete Irish top ranks vie for office

Void to determine to be invalid Voting law voides by court

Vow a solemn promise Police chief vows to catch kidnappers

Weigh to consider Bush weights tax increase

《英美报刊选读》辅导三

The Newspaper Lead

The first paragraph of a news story is called the lead. It almost

always gives you the story's main topic and most important facts.

When you read a newspaper lead sentence, try to find the subject and

main verb and note how the rest of the sentence adds information to

the subject and main verb.

Anwar Sadat Assassinated at Cairo Military Review

CAIRO,October7-Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, a

modern-day pharaoh who attempted to lead the Arab world toward a

permanent Mideast peace with Isreal, was assassinated yesterday by

a band of soldiers who attacked a military parade reviewing stand

with automatic rifles and hand grenades.

Note that a great deal of information is included in a single sentence.The writer has organized the sentence around the subject(Egyptian President Anwar Sadat)and main verb(was assassinate) very carefully.

The lead sentence usually does the following:

●Answers questions such as “who? ”“what? ”“where? ”“when?”

“result? ”

●Adds background to help you better understand the story or

State where the source of the story comes from.

《英美报刊选读》辅导四

Read the News Story

In most news stories the most important facts will be found near

the beginning-usually within the first two or three paragraphs.The

remainder of the story will give details explaining and clarifying the

main points,or introducing new,but less important information.

The following is a formula for a typical news story;

●Paragraph One

The story's subject and most important facts.

●Paragraph Two

Important facts that the writer was unable to include in the lead;

Information to clarify the facts in the lead;

A particularly important quote.

●The rest of the story

Specific details to answer readers' questions;

Statements and opinions by people involved in the story or by outside observers;

Background information;

New,but less important facts.

Accordingly, when you read a news story, you are to:

●Read the beginning of the story very carefully because it

contains the most important fact.

●Try to look for more facts than those given in the lead.

●If you don't understand something at the beginning of a story,

keep reading for a second(and perhaps a third) chance to understand.

《英美报刊选读》辅导五

Reading the Feature Story in a Newspaper

In most news stories the main points come very early and less impotant information comes later.There is another kind of story_the

feature story which follows a different format,the feature format.

Popular Magazines and Magazine Articles

Reading popular magazines is a good way to enlarge our vocabulary and learn a little bit about many topics in English.The following is a list of major magazines in Britain and the United States.

●Magazines in Britain

The Economist Britain Today

The Spectator Contemporary Review

New Statesman London Magazine

New Scientist Observer Review

The Listener Punch

British Weekly

●Magazines in the United States

Time US News & World Report

Newsweek Reader's Digest

Life Business Weekly

Fortune Harper's

People American Review

The New Yorker

Very often we read magazines while traveling or relaxing anywhere.Writers of magazine articles do not expect their audience

to spend too much time reading and try to make the main ideas stand

out clearly. The task for the reader is to locate these main ideas quickly.

Popular magazine writers use various devices to capture a reader's attention:clever titles,short paragraphs and compound nouns to economize on words.Articles in magazine often have characteristics similar to those found in news stories or articles found

in newspapers.Here are some feautures of magazine articles:

●An introductory paragraph summarize the main idea;

●The details are given in the rest of the articles;

●The author's view of the subject is directed to a particular

audience but may interest readers in general.

《英美报刊选读》辅导六

Reading Advertisements

Most magazines and newspapers contain advertisements that

are designed to make us want the product.Advertisers want us to

believe that their product is important for a good life. Some

advertisements even present viewpoints on timely subjects.Like

newspaper editorials.Such ads try to influence the reader's opinions.

The language of advertising must be a language of immediate impact and rapid persuasion. No one is likely to spend much time deciding whether to read a printed advertisement or listen to a spoken one:If their attention is not attracted immediately and held

firmly for the short amount of time necessary to absorb what is being

said. Then the advertisement will have miserably. So the advertising

language uses a basically simple grammatical structure and a richly

suggestive and descriptive vocabulary.

Read the following ad.

Only the cream of the crop files

Our chefs buy only the freshest and most expensive ingredients

for our kitchens.

Anywhere.

Because they believe that good food really is the way to a person's heart.

Obviously, there are many who would agree.

In fact, experienced travelers have rewarded Swissair with the greatest percentage of repeat business.

Which is not something we take lightly.

Because travelers who fly more, expect more.

So our chefs prepare five gourmet selections for every flight. Plus

any one of 15 different special meals on request:

Hindu,Kosher,Moslem,diabetic,slat- free,vegetarian,dietetic ?you name it.

Only the best will please Swissair passengers.

The cream of the crop.

Swissair has worldwide departures from New York, Boston, Chicago, Montreal and Toronto.

Call Swissair of your travel expert

SWISSAIR

In the above ad, a great deal is said in a few words. We see short sentences, vivid language, and many informal, popular expressions.

They appeal to all of the senses.

When you read an advertisement, you may:

●Look for the hidden message; the way in which an advertiser

uses words and pictures to influence readers opinions and attitudes.

●Read between the lines for meanings implied rather than clearly stated.

●Find the source of its appeal to the senses.

enjoy the trust of 得到...的信任have / put trust in 信

任in trust 受托的，代为保管的

take ...on trust 对...不加考察信以为真t rust on 信赖g ive a new turn to 对~~予以新的看法turn around / round 转身，转过来，改变意见turn back 折回，往回走turn ?away 赶

t hink through ?思考??直到得出结论，想通t hink of 想到，想起，

向turn to ?转向??，（for help ）向??求助，查阅，变成；着手于

走??，辞退??，把??打发走，转脸不睬，使转变方

认为，对??有看法/想法

《英美报刊选读》标准答案

《英美报刊选读》 一、教学目的 通过本课程的学习，使学员对英美报刊有一个清晰的了解,认识英美报刊语言、文体、词汇、语法等基本特点,掌握英美报刊阅读的基本知识及技巧,为独立阅读英美报刊打下良好的基础。 二、教材特点 与该课程旧教材（第1版)相比，本教材具有以下特点： １．为使学生改变以往依赖教师和英汉词典的学习习惯,培养他们独自排解疑难词语的能力，编者不但向他们推荐工具书，并教授他们使用方法;为使他们能加深对词汇的记忆，还介绍词法和重要词根及词缀。 2．为使学生掌握必要的新闻词语和扩大词汇量，本书在“新闻词语解说”中尽量结合课文，讲透疑难词语。此外还列出一些与这些词语或课文内容有关的课外词汇。 ３．为使学生掌握必要的读报知识，本书在“背景知识”中尽量结合课文，介绍重要的并时常见诸报端的人物、党派和组织机构等,并举例说明其重要性。 4．为使学生对新闻写作有一个大致的认识,加深对课文的理解，编者较系统地说明标题的若干特点，对新闻体裁的分类、导语和写作特点及常语等做了简介。 三、教学内容 《英美报刊选读》为省开课程。 １．授课内容：重点为第１、3、4、５、6、８、13、15、17、１9、20、21、2４、28、３0课（共15课),其它内容主要供自学。 2．课时安排: ａ) 学员自学:2学时/周，共３0学时学完15课。 b)面授辅导:4学时/次,共4次。每学时辅导一课,最后一学时复习。 3．作业：共四次,在湖北电大网站英语本科网页上下载,课后完成,交辅导教师批改,评分，作为平时成绩的主要依据。学员完成作业后,可浏览网页上的“答案及详解”，以加深理解,检查自己掌握的情况 四、教学建议 教师授课时应以学生为中心，鼓励学生自己去探索和获取知识。在上课时,可要求学生先回答每课后的练习题——Questions，使他们基本了解课文的主要内容。然后,再逐段或跳跃式选段对学生需要掌握的内容、新闻词语和背景知识进行阅读和问答式方式讲解。如果备课充分，学生的英语水平又高,教员可采用美英教员教授母语的方法，抛开课本或讲义,只讲有关课文的重点词语、背景知识和写作手法等。这样，学生除预习外，课后还要结合教员

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