高考英语代词专题

代词

一代词的分类

1.人称代词①主格做主语宾格做动词或介词的宾语以及表语

②在没有谓语动词的句子中，人称代词常用宾格

-----Jack, wash the dishes. ------why _____? I am busy

------Glad to meet you. -------_____, too.

③强调句中，若被强调的是主语，则用主格；若被强调的是宾语，则用宾格

这件事是我做的。It was _____ who did it.

I saw her in the bedroom playing with a toy. __________________________________(强调宾语)

2.物主代词

①形容词性物主代词相当于_______,只能做名词或动名词的定语。

No one objects to _________(quit) the job. 没人反对我辞职。

The government has changed_______(它自己的) policy.

②名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词+ 名词在句子中做_______,________,________ Some friends of ______ will attend my birthday party. 我的一些朋友...

This is our room, and ______(you ) is just across the hall.

-----Tom,______(I) bike is broken. Would you please lend ______(you) to me?

----Sorry._______(I )has been taken by Jack. You can ask him if you like.

3 反身代词反身代词不做______, 能做宾语、表语、同位语

The boy is old enough to take care of _________.

She is not quite herself today. 身体不舒服

I _________ can repair the bike. 我自己....

固定短语：help oneself to by oneself enjoy oneself

自学_______________ make yourself at home 自言自语_____________

心里想_____________ seat oneself =_____________ 苏醒；醒来___________ Be/feel not oneself _________________ 规范自己的言行；老实点_________________ Apply oneself to ___________________ abandon oneself to ________________________

4 疑问代词

①what 常用于询问他人职业、外貌、性格特征等

----what is he? ---- he is a lawyer.

※构成固定搭配 what for（=why） what if ? so what ?

What/how about...? guess what ?

②who 询问姓名、身份

③what which 区别：有无范围 what do you want to read?

Which is bigger, an elephant or a horse?

5 不定代词

全部否定：“部分”+not =“全否”

Not all of them smoke.= All of them don?t smoke.

= Some of them smoke while some of them don?t.

We fear no difficulty. (＝We don't fear _____ difficulty.)

Which book do you want, A or B? ----- I am sorry, but actually I don?t want ______.

He had lost his fame and health in the war and never found _______ of them again.

(2015福建) The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but ______contained any useful suggestions.

I don?t have any of the money.= ______ of the money is mine.

※当not出现在含有表示全部肯定的不定代词的句子中时，不管not在它们之前还是在它们之后都表示部分否定。此外，not与总括性副词如everywhere, always, altogether等连用时也表示部分否定。

Both of them haven't known this story.(＝Only one of them has known this story.)

并非他们两人都知道这个故事。

Such a thing can't be found everywhere.

—How much money do you have？你有多少钱？—________一点也没有。

—What are you doing now？你现在在做什么？—_______.什么也没做。

----who is in the bedroom? -----________ 没人

※none后面可跟of短语，而something/anything/everything/nothing和someone/anyone/everyone/no one却不能。

As we were asleep, _____ of us heard the sound.

由于我们在睡觉，因此没人听到那个声音。

①________ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn?t love it.

②Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _____ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.

③---Wow! You …ve got so many clothes.---But ______ of them are in fashion now.

④I couldn?t just stand by and do ______.

※习惯搭配 nothing but _________ anything but_________

or something ...之类的完全不像________ 有点儿像;大约________ They work very hard. They are ______but lazybones.

The visit is boring. It is _____but a waste of time.

He might be a scientist or ________.

Your house is _______ like ours.你的房子有点儿像我们的。

②表示“再多几个...”two more days= two other days= another two days

③the other day/week/month 前几天/前几个星期/几个月前句子用过去时

④ for one thing ; for another

⑤ on the one hand; on the other hand

（1）We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so let’s have ______ one this month.

（2）He raised one arm and then ________.

（3）He walked to ________ side of the road (马路另一边) to take a bus.

（4）Some people are at greater risk than ________.

（5）Some of us want to go there by bus, but _________ on foot.

（6）We need ______ three assistants in our shop.

第四组

（1）Mr.Zhang gave me a very valuable present, ______ that I had never seen.

（2）Mr.Zhang gave me many presents, ______ that I had never seen.

（3）The book on the desk is better than _____________ under the desk.

（4）The books on the desk are better than _____________ under the desk.

（5）The South Korean people’s concept of a healthy diet is a bit different from _____ held here in China.

（6）Nowadays, the approaches to language teaching are more advanced than _____ in the 1960s.

（7）I am moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _____ in the city.

（8）Helping others is a habit, ______ you can learn even at an early age.

（9）Little joy can equal ______ of a surprising ending when you read stories.

（10）His seat was next to ______ of mine.

（11）Look at the bird. _____ often comes to my window.

（12）We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose ____.

第五组：many，much, little, few

修饰复数名词：______ ______ 修饰不可数名词：______ ______

quite a few = many quite a little = much not a little 许多

用many，much, little, few， a little, a few 填空

（1）______(很多) people don’t have ______(很多) food.

（2）______(很多) of the mistakes were just caused by carelessness.

（3）_______(很少) people can live to be 100 years old.

（4）You have done very ______(很少) for me.

（5）Come in and have ______(一点) whisky.

（6）She has written many novels but I have only read _______(少数).

6 指示代词this，that，these，those，it，such，same等。

(1)this，that，these，those的用法

①作主语、宾语、表语和定语。this(these)常代指时间和空间上较近的人或物；而that(those)常代指时间和空间上较远的人或物。

This is my book and that is hers.

②刚提到过或已经完成的事用that ; 即将发生或将要提到的事用this

----I?ve finished my work, Mum.----______ is nice.

Now, everybody, watch _____.

He said I was lying, and _____was unfair.

---we?re going to do some hiking this summer.

---_____ is very exciting.

③this(these)常指后文将要提及的事物；that(those)常指前文已提及的事物。

Now hear this. Meeting of all students on the playground in ten minutes!

He didn't come. That is why he didn't know.

④that和those常可用来代指前文提及的内容，以免重复。

The life in Japan is different from ______ in America.

⑤that有时可表示“程度”，作状语，相当于so。

I don't want that much. He is not ______ stupid.

7 it 的用法小结

①代指上文提到的某样东西where is my watch? I left it right on the desk.

②有时可代替指示代词this，that ---what’s this? ---It’s a flag.

--- whose book is that? ---It’s hers.

③指代性别不明的孩子，婴儿或身份不明的人，比如敲门，打电话时

The baby cried because it was hungry.

---who is knocking at the door?--- It’s me.

④指代时间、距离、天气、日期、温度等It’s early spring, but it is already hot.

It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here.

⑤做形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或名词性从句

形式主语：

It is + adj./N. + for sb./ of sb. + to do it is considerate _____ her to bring me a blanket.

It is typical _____ him to bargain in the market.

It is not easy _____a foreigner to live in China.

It 做形式主语特殊句型

A. It is no use/no good/ no fun/useless + doing

It is no good ______ (live) alone without meeting others.

B it is a pity/shame that (should) do

C. It is no wonder that

D.it is certain that

E. It is likely/possible/probable that

F. It is impossible/ necessary/ strange/ surprising that (should) do

G. It seems/appears that

H.It happened that

I. It proved/(turned out) that

J. It took sb. Sometime to do

K. It occurred to/ came to/ struck/hit sb. That

L. It is reported/said/ believed/ announced/ hoped/thought that

M. It is suggested/ demanded/requested/ recommended that (should)do

据说他们都去看电影了。

_____________ all of them have gone to the cinema.

→ They are said ____________(go)to the cinema.

众所周知，在世界上中国人口最多。

______________ China has the largest population in the world.

____________________, China has the largest population in the world.

______is known is _____China has the largest population in the world.

形式宾语以下三种情况常使用IT做形式宾语

①动词 find think feel consider make 之后

②表喜恶动词后面

enjoy;prefer;love;like;hate;dislike;appreciate + it + that/if/when

③一些短语中take it for granted that make it it depends see to it that 务必；确保Rely/depend on it that when it comes to

I think ___________________ that we have the meeting. 我认为我们开这个会是必要的。

I have made _____ clear that no one is allowed to smoke here.

I really hate _____ when it rains for weeks on end.

⑥it 用于强调句型It is /was + 被强调部分+ that/who

⑦用于句型这是某人第几次做某事

It /that/this is + 序数词+time + that have/has done

It /that/this was + 序数词+time + that had done

⑧用于句型自从...多久了

It ___________ + 时间段+ since (从句用过去式)

⑨用于句型要过....才/ 没过...就...

It ___________ + 时间段+ before (从句用现在时或过去时)

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