主语从句宾语从句知识讲解

高考总复习：主语从句及宾语从句真题再现

1. (2016 高考北京卷)Your support is important to our work．________ you can do helps. A．However B．Whoever ．Whatever D．Wherever

2. (2016 高考江苏卷)It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope．A．why B．what C．as D．that

3. (2017 高考北京卷)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.

A. why

B. where

C. how

D. when

4. (2017 高考北京卷) Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.

A. whatever

B. whoever

C. whomever

D. whichever

5. （2017 高考江苏卷）We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _________ it used to charge.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. how

6. （2017 高考江苏卷）He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he __________.

A. was being followed

B. was following

C. had been followed

D. followed

7. （2017 高考天津卷）She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.

A. when

B. where

C. whether

D. what

8.（2017 北京西城一模）It is entirely true _______ children learn more from people they like. So, try to be friends with them.

A. what

B. why

C. that

D. how

9. （2017 北京西城一模）The results of the experiment turned out contrary to ______ was expected.

A. what

B. which

C. whom

D. that

答案与解析

；题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语，“________ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引导，故选C。

2. D；考查主语从句。句意：通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。该句是主语从句，句子的it是形式主语，故用that引导从句作真正的主语从句。

3. B。考查宾语从句。句意：Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方，根据句意可知选B。

。考查主语从句。句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。_____ makes the most beautiful kite是主语从句，根据意思可知答案。

5. C。考查宾语从句。“half of _________ it used to charge”是$20的同位语，即原来价格的一半是现在的$20；另外，of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语，所以，这里是宾语从句；宾语从句中的charge后面缺少宾语，所以用what来引导宾语从句，并充当宾语从句的宾语，故选C。

6. A 考查宾语从句和时态。分析句子成分可知，he和follow是被动关系，即他被别人跟踪，排除B、D；根据句意“在匆忙赶回家的路上，他从未回头看是否正被跟踪”，故用过去进行时最合适，故选A。

7. C。句意：他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。A. 什么时候；B. 在哪里；

C. 是否；

D. 什么。根据句意，故选C。

8. C。考查主语从句。it作形式主语，真正的主语从句为______ children learn more from people they like。从句部分陈述一个事实，用that引导。

9. A.本题考查宾语从句。介词to带宾语从句。在从句中缺主语，选用连接代词what。

知识讲解

主语从句和宾语从句的引导词

that和what的区别

从句中缺少主语时，常用what引导，也可用which表示选择，用who/whom/whoever指人。what引导主语从句、宾语从句等名词性从句时，表示“所……的(东西)”，并且在从句中充当句子成分。而that作为从属连词，引导主语从句、宾语从句时，其本身没有实际意义，不充当句子成分。that引导主语从句时不省略，引导宾语从句时一般可以省略，但有些情况不可省略。That fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.

It is pretty well understood what controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is often acceptable. （2016 高考新课标乙卷）

Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. （2016 高考新课标乙卷）

“I didn’t know what my New York friends were thinking.”（2016 高考新课标丙卷）Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails，Web posts and reviews，

face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的)，but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news.（2016 高考新课标丙卷）

He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this p ositive feeling with others.（2016 高考新课标丙卷）

“What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. （2017 高考新课标甲卷）

Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. （2017 高考新课标I卷）

He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it.（2017 高考新课标II卷）

if和whether的区别

主语从句(放在句首时)常由whether引导。作及物动词宾语时，用if/whether均可，但有区别；作介词宾语时只用whether；后面紧跟or not 时，只用whether。

Whether she will go home or not is unknown.

Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.

= It remains to be decided whether/if we shall raise ducks or geese.

但我们不能说If we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.

He just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not．Chimps are truly selfish．（2016 高考江苏卷）

Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds，see through walls，or have superhuman strength may sound silly，but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life．（2016 高考四川卷）

I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it，or something similar. （2016 高考江苏卷）

It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they think. （2016 高考上海卷）

I don’t care whether/ if he comes.

It depends on whether you can do the job well.

其他连接代词和连接副词的选用

连接代词（what, which, who, whom, whose）在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语；连接副词（when, where, why, how, whether, if等）在从句中作状语。无论是连接代词还是连接副词，都有各自的意义。

It matters little how a man dies, but what matters much is how he lives.

It was a matter of who would take the position.

No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years.

I have not been told where the meeting will be held.

He explained why he set off so early that day.

Whose girlfriend is the most beautiful is not the most important thing.

whoever与whatever，whichever的区别

whoever, whatever, whichever除了可以引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter who/ what/ which 外，还可以引导名词从句。

whoever相当于anyone who，表明泛指关系，表示“任何……的人都，凡是……的人都”。

I hate whoever lies.

Whoever wins gets a prize.

whatever相当于anything that，表示“无论什么……”。

Whatever he thinks doesn't matter.

Whatever you want can be found here.

whichever意为“无论哪个，无论哪些”。既可指人，也可指物；既可单独使用，也可修饰名词，也可以跟of短语连用。

You can choose whichever you want.

Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking.

it作形式主语和形式宾语

从句在某个句子中作主语、宾语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语、宾语，而将真正的主语、宾语从句放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。

It was really surprising that she married a man like that.

It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.

We owe it to you that t here wasn’t a serious accident.

I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.

主语从句、宾语从句的句序

主语从句、宾语从句等名词性从句用陈述语序。

主语从句特别注意

It构成的主语从句

主语从句可以放在句子后面，而用it作形式主语放在句首，尤其是从属连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中。这种句式主要有：

It is + adj. / n. +从句

It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是……

It is possible that... 很可能……

It is unlikely that... 不可能……

It is possible that he never intended to shoot her.

It is unlikely that she will come.

It is a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic.

It +不及物动词+从句

It seems/appears that... 似乎……

It happened that... 碰巧……

It appears that you are all mistaken.

It happened that the harvest was bad that year.

It + be +过去分词+从句

It is said that... 据说……

It is known to all that... 众所周知……

It is reported that... 据报道……

It is believed that... 据信……，人们相信……

It is suggested that... 有人建议……

It must be pointed out that... 必须指出……

It has been proved that... 已证明…….

It is reported that he is a scholar from New Zealand.

It has been proved that the practice can only do good.

It must be pointed out that some questions have yet to be clarified.

主语从句中的主谓一致关系

主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。

When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.

When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.

When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided. （has not ）

强调句型与带有it的主语从句的区别

强调句与主语从句虽然在形式上很相似，都含有It is/was... that...，但是它们有一个很重要的区别，强调句去掉It is /was...that之后，句子结构仍然完整，而主语从句却不能这样。

It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed.

本句去掉“It is ...that”后，留下believed，以及that...从句，句子结构不完整，因此不是强调句型。

It is surprising that Mary should have won first place.

句中的It是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句。句中的It is和that无法删除,一旦删除句子就不成立。

It is Mary that has won first place.

本句是强调句型，其中的It is和that可以去掉，因为没有It is和that句子仍然很通顺.

宾语从句特别注意

【高清课堂链接点：宾语从句高清ID：396512】

如果宾语从句后有宾语补足语，要用形式宾语it，而将从句放到补足语后面。

I thought it strange that he didn’t pass the exam.

I’ve heard it said that you’ve won a scholarship.

I felt it important that you tell me the truth.

作介词的宾语

Did she say anything about how we should do the work

Who is responsible for what has happened

I was not moved by what he said.

that 引导的宾语从句只有在except, in, but, besides 等少数介词后用到。

Your article is good except that it is too long.

有时在介词和其宾语从句的中间加形式宾语it.

I’ll see to it that everything is ready.

You may depend on it that they will support you.

作形容词的宾语

I’m afraid that I have made a mistake.

I’m not sure if/whether I’m right.

She began to criticize what I had done.

其他几组宾语从句

He couldn’t express what he felt.

I will do whatever you wish.

Take whichever seat you like.

Give it to whomever you like.

Give it to whoever is responsible.

宾语从句的时态限制

宾语从句应同主句在谓语时态上保持一致。主句谓语是现在时，宾语从句的谓语可以是任意时态；主句谓语是过去时，宾语从句的谓语必须是过去的某种时态，（宾语是客观真理时则无此限制）。She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.（从句是一般现在时）

She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.（从句是一般将来时）

She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. （从句是现在完成时）

He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.（从句是一般过去时）

He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby.（从句是过去将来时）

He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time.（从句是过去进行时）

The teacher told us (that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. （从句为客观真理）

引导宾语从句的that何时不能省略

that引导宾语从句时，一般可以省略，但在下列情况下，引导宾语从句的常常不可省略。

1.介词except, but, besides, in等后跟that引导的宾语从句时。

The Swede stood quite still, except that his lips moved slightly.

引导的宾语从句和主句之间有插入语时。

I think, first of all, that we must believe in ourselves.

3.宾语从句为主从复合句且从句位于主句之前时。

He said that if he came back early, he could come for the meeting.

4.当it作形式宾语，后接that引导的宾语从句时。

We took it for granted that they would accept the proposal.

5.当that引导的宾语从句后紧接着作主语的that (this)时，常不可省略。

He said that this was not his book, but his sister’s.

6.宾语从句不止一个时，第一个that 可以省略，而其它的that 常不可省略。

I think (that) it will clear up this afternoon and that they will come to say good-bye to us.

7.当when, who, what, where, why, how等引导的从句与that引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时。

I know what the time is and that the wind remains low.

宾语从句否定的转移

若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。

I don’t think this dress fits you well.

(完整)高中英语主语从句练习题

主语从句练习题 一．翻译 1．(谁将去接他)_______________________________________________ is not decided. 2．(哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛)__________________________________ is not clear . 3．(他能否买到飞机票)______________________________________ doesn’t matter much. 4．(我们如何去那里)__________________________________________ is a question. 5．(你刚才告诉我的)_______________________________________ was really a surprise. 6．(他什么时候出国)_______________________________________ is being discussed 7．(他为什么哭)___________________________________________ is not clear. 8．It is clear______________________________________________(他是一个乞丐). 9．(你要请谁)______________________________________________ is not important. 10．(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛)____________________________________ is not clear. 二．找出下列句子中的主语从句及其引导词，并且指出引导词是否充当成分，充当什么成分。 1. That we shall be late is certain. 2. That the driver could not control his car was obvious. 3. It is certain that we shall be late. 4. It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. 5. Is it possible that they will come tomorrow？ 6. It is clear that he was telling the truth. 7. It’s probable that we’ll be a little late. 8. What caused the accident is a complete mystery. 9. It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey. 10. It shocked me that Peter didn’t tell anybody where he was. 11. Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. 12. It’s a pity that you can’t go with us. 13. What he did is not yet known. 14. It is said that he has been there many times. 15. It is not yet clear who was responsible for the accident. 16. When they will have the sports meet is still a question. 17. It seems that he has lost something. 18. What he said at the meeting encouraged everyone. 19. What caused the accident was a broken bottle. 20. It remains a problem whether it is true. 21. Whoever breaks the law is sure to be punished. 22. What she looks like doesn’t matter.

主语从句宾语从句知识讲解

高考总复习：主语从句及宾语从句真题再现 1. (2016 高考北京卷)Your support is important to our work．________ you can do helps. A．However B．Whoever ．Whatever D．Wherever 2. (2016 高考江苏卷)It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope．A．why B．what C．as D．that 3. (2017 高考北京卷)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading. A. why B. where C. how D. when 4. (2017 高考北京卷) Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever 5. （2017 高考江苏卷）We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _________ it used to charge. A. that B. which C. what D. how 6. （2017 高考江苏卷）He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he __________. A. was being followed B. was following C. had been followed D. followed 7. （2017 高考天津卷）She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. A. when B. where C. whether D. what 8.（2017 北京西城一模）It is entirely true _______ children learn more from people they like. So, try to be friends with them. A. what B. why C. that D. how 9. （2017 北京西城一模）The results of the experiment turned out contrary to ______ was expected. A. what B. which C. whom D. that 答案与解析 1.C；题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语，“________ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引导，故选C。 2. D；考查主语从句。句意：通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。该句是主语从句，句子的it是形式主语，故用that引导从句作真正的主语从句。 3. B。考查宾语从句。句意：Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方，根据句意可知选B。 4.B。考查主语从句。句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。_____ makes the most beautiful kite是主语从句，根据意思可知答案。 5. C。考查宾语从句。“half of _________ it used to charge”是$20的同位语，即原来价格的一半是现在的$20；另外，of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语，所以，这里是宾语从句；宾语从句

主语从句详解及练习-附答案

语法要点剖析 一、名词性从句 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why 1. 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if 和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副 词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名 作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下： （1）It + be + 名词+ that从句（2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句 （3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句（4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that… 2. 宾语从句 名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句 由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去 上海。 We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。

高中英语名词性从句系列讲解和练习(主语从句)

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主语从句 （一）主语从句的标记主语从句通常由连词that和whether (if)、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。 1. that引导 That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着，真是奇迹。 That we shall be late is certain. 我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。 That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。That she is still alive is a consolation. 她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。 That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. 她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。 That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。 That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village. 她被挑选上，在她村子里引起很大轰动。 2. whether引导 Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。 Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 3. 连接代词引导 Whoever (=anyone who) fails to see this will make a big blunder. Whatever(=anything that) she did was reasonable. 无论什么 Anything that she did was reasonable. Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。Whichever(=anything that) you want is yours. 你要哪个哪个就是你的。 What do you need? What you need is a good rest. I don’t know what you need? 4. 连接副词引导 When we arrive doesn’t matter. 什么时候到没有关系。 When do we arrive? How it was done was a mystery. 这是怎样做的是一个谜。 How was it done? How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这件事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 How did this happen? How many people we are to invite is still a question. 邀请多少人还是一个问题。How many people are we to invite? Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。 Where do i spend my summer? 5. 连接代词型what引导 What(=the thing that) we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。What do we need? What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。What’s done is done. 事已成定局。 What=the thing that he says is not important. 他说的话并不重要。What does he say? What I am telling you is mere impressions. 我和你说的都不过是一些印象而已。What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 为河水增色的是水里的荷花。What you need is a good-sized canvas bag. 你需要的是一个比较大的帆布袋。 What I am afraid of is their taking him to Portugal. 我担心的是他们把他带到葡萄牙去。What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 给我很深印象的是他们都受过很多苦。（二）

主语从句和宾语从句练习

用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语（—）、谓语（＝）、宾语（～）： I hope you are very well. I'm fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm. August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. We have a lot of machines on the farm. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn't often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden. 主语从句 1. will go to the concert is not known. 2. we need is more time. 3. will they go is not known. 4. will they hold the meeting is not known. 5. he was late for class is not clear. 6. kinds of books they will buy needs considering. 7. he wil l come to see me doesn’t matter much. 翻译练习 1．(谁将去接他)_____________ is not decided. 2．(哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛)________ is not clear so far. 3．(他能否买到飞机票)________________ doesn’t matter much. 4．(我们如何去那里)_________________ is a question. 5．(你刚才告诉我的)________________ was really a surprise. 6．(他什么时候出国)_________________ is being discussed 7．(他为什么哭)_________________ is not clear. 8．It is clear__________ (他是一个乞丐). 9．(你要请谁)_____________ is not important. 10．(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛)__________________ is not clear. 宾语从句 you know how much hot water_________ A．Mum is needed B．does Mum need C．Mum needs D．did Mum need you tell me_________ A．where he is B．where is he C．he is where D．what is he you know_________ A．what the news are B．what is the news C．what the news is D．what are the news liked sports _________ I was young. A．so much as B．so much that C．very much when D．very much because