四级翻译中带有中国特色的词汇

四级翻译中带有中国特色的词汇

一、中国朝代的那些事儿

中华文明Chinese civilization

文明摇篮cradle of civilization

华夏祖先the Chinese ancestors

秦始皇帝First Emperor, Emperor Chin

皇太后Empress Dowager

汉高祖刘邦founder of the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD)

成吉思汗Genghis Khan ; Temujin

夏朝Xia Dynasty

明清两代(of) Ming and Qing dynasties

朝廷使者royal court envoy

二、中国那些易错的地名

四川Sichuan, Szechwan, Szechuan

陝西Shaanxi

三、四大发明的英文说法

四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China

火药gunpowder

印刷术printing

造纸术paper-making

指南针the compass

四、汉语的那些秘密（选择记忆）

汉字Chinese character

单音节single syllable

汉语四声调the four tones of Chinese characters

阴平level tone

阳平rising tone

上声falling-rising tone

去声falling tone

五言绝句five-character quatrain

七言律诗seven-character octave

八股文eight-part essay; stereotyped writing

五、四书五经（The Four Books and The Five Classics）

1、四书the Four Books

《大学》The Great Learning

《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean

《论语》The Analects of Confucius

《孟子》The Mencius/The Works of Mencius

2、五经The Five Classics

《春秋》the Spring and Autumn Annals

《诗经》The Books of Songs;The Book of Odes

《易经》（《周易》）I Ching; The Book of Changes

《礼记》The Book of Rites

《尚书》（《书经》）The Books of History

六、中国名著

《三国演义》Three Kingdoms

《西游记》Journey to the West; Pilgrimage to the West

《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes; Tales of the Water Margin

《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions

《史记》Historical Records

《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror;Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers

《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers

《孝经》Book of Filial Piety

《孙子兵法》The Art of War

《三字经》The Three-Character Scripture;The Three-Word Chant

《西厢记》The Romance of West Chamber

《聊斋志异》Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio; Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio

七、中华文化遗产

重要文化遗产major cultural heritage

优秀民间艺术outstanding folk arts

文物cultural relics

中国画traditional Chinese painting

书法calligraphy

水墨画Chinese brush painting; ink and wash painting

工笔traditional Chinese realistic painting

中国结Chinese knot

旗袍Cheongsam

中山装Chinese tunic suit

唐装traditional Chinese garments (clothing)，Tang suit

八、艺术相关词汇（了解）

文人men of letters

雅士refined scholars

表演艺术performing art

现代流行艺术popular art, pop art

纯艺术high art

高雅艺术refined art

电影艺术cinematographic art

戏剧艺术theatrical art

才子佳人gifted scholars and beautiful ladies

生(男性正面角色) male (the positive male role)

旦(女性正面角色) female (the positive female role)

净(性格鲜明的男性配角) a supporting male role with striking character

丑(幽默滑稽或反面角色) a clown or a negative role

歌舞喜剧musical

滑稽场面, 搞笑小噱头shtick

滑稽短剧skit

京剧人物脸谱Peking Opera Mask

九、中国戏剧文化

皮影戏shadow play; leather-silhouette show

说书story-telling

叠罗汉make a human pyramid

折子戏opera highlights

踩高跷stilt walk

哑剧pantomime; mime

哑剧演员pantomimist

戏剧小品skit

马戏circus show

单口相声monologue comic talk, standup comedy

特技表演stunt

相声witty dialogue comedy, comic cross talk

杂技acrobatics

京韵大鼓the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment 秦腔Shaanxi opera

十、中国特有的绝技

习武健身practice martial art for fitness

气功qigong, deep breathing exercises

篆刻seal cutting upriteous

工艺, 手艺workmanship / craftsmanship

卷轴scroll

蜡染batik

泥人clay figure

漆画lacquer painting

唐三彩Trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty

景泰蓝cloisonné

文房四宝The four stationery treasures of the Chinese study --- a writing brush, an ink stick, an ink stone and paper

十一、中国传统文化

民间传说folklores

寓言fable

传说legend

神话mythology

古为今用,洋为中用make the past serve the present and the foreign serve china 赋诗inscribe a poem

对对联matching an antithetical couplet

十二、中国天干地支等

阳历solar calendar

公历Gregorian calendar

阴历lunar calendar

天干heavenly stem

地支earthly branch

闰年leap year

二十四节气the twenty-four solar terms

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民事判决书翻译常用词汇归纳 泛瑞翻译 （1）管辖（权）：jurisdiction 领事裁判权: consular jurisdiction. （准）对人管辖权: （quasic）jurisdiction in personal （准）对物管辖权：（quasic）jurisdiction in rem 属人管辖权：personal jurisdiction 属地管辖权：territorial jurisdiction . 由于各国对管辖权规定的不同，便很容易引起Selection of court 选择法庭的现象。（2）回避：withdrawal （3）当事人：party （4）诉讼代理人：agents ad litem （5）证据：evidence 举证责任—-证明责任burden of proof 取证evidence-finding 举证责任倒置Burden of proof in reverse 书证documentary evidence 物证material evidence （6）视听资料：audio-visual material （7）证人证言：testimony of witnesses

（8）当事人陈述：statements of the parties （9）鉴定结论：expert conclusions （10）勘验笔录：records of inspection （11）诉讼时效：Limitation of action （12）期间：time periods （13）送达：service （14）调解：conciliation （15）财产保全；property preservation （16）先予执行：advance execution （17）强制措施：compulsory measures specific performance 特定履行，强制执行（18）诉讼费用：litigation costs/fees （19）执行措施：execution measures

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如何在强化阶段复习翻译，又如何在考试中夺取高分呢？我们认为：词汇和长难句是攻克翻译这座大山的不二法宝。 关注特殊词汇，学习日常生活词语 段落翻译的重点依然是词汇，特别是较为特殊的翻译类词汇，通过样卷分析，建议考生多关注一下和中国节日、历史事件、经济文化、旅游活动、社会发展等相关的词汇。大家可以关注以反映中国社会为主的一些英文杂志和报纸，例如中国日报及其网站。这份报纸的大部分内容确实超越了考生的实际水平，但考生可以学习一些涉及日常生活的词语。每天看看网站中的头条新闻，配合中文新闻的背景，就可以学到很多表达。中国日报网站下面的一个小栏目：language tips，有大量简单实用的双语文章，考生有时间可关注。同时，考生要购进一些难度不大的翻译书籍，注意中英文的切换规则。 写长难句可增加得分点 段落翻译的另一难点就是长难句的攻克，平时加大对长难句的分析，考试中才能写出精彩得分的句型。分析从句比较多的长难句，要找到句子的切分点，切分点主要有两种，一个是直接看到的，即连接词that、which、who、when等等；另外一个是潜在的，即各种动词形式，包括doing、to do(单独使用的)、done等等。 最后，注意做翻译一定要坚持两点，即打草稿和"写"。在头脑中形成的翻译不是翻译，落到纸上，仍然不一定是通顺的句子，所以，每次在做翻译时，一定要坚持把语言写出来，这样才能提

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