2014年职称英语理工类考试教材完形填空文章及译文(1)

2014年职称英语理工类考试教材完形填空文章及译文（1）2014年职称英语考试时间为3月29日。小编为您整理职称英语理工类教材中完形填空部分的文章及译文，希望对您有所助益。

Captain Cook Arrow Legend

It was a great legend while it lasted，but DNA testing has __1__ ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain James Cook__2__ died in the Sandwich Islands’in 1779.

“There is __3__ Cook in the Australian Museum，”museum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of Cook’S bone.Bu t that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its__4__，“Uncovered：Treasures of the Australian Museum,” which__5__include a feather cape presented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalani’opu’u in 1778.

Cook was one of Britain’s great explorers and is credited with__6__ the“Great South Land，”__7__ Australia, in 1 770.He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands，now HawaiiThe 1egend of Cook’s arrow began in 1 824 __8__ Hawaiian King Kamehameha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams，a London surgeon and relative of Cook’s wife，saying it was made of Cook’s bone after the fatal__9 __ with islanders.

In the 1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued __10__ it came with science.

DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone but was more __11__ made of animal bone。said Philp.

However, Cook’s fans __ 12 __ to give up hope that one Cook legend will prove true and that part of his remains will still be uncovered.as they say there is evidence not a11 of Cook’s body was __13 __ at sea in 1 779.“On this occasion technology has won"，”said Cliff Thornton，president of the Captain Cook Society, in a __14__ from Britain.“But I am __15__ that one of these days…one of the Cook legends will prove to be true and it will happen one day.’’练习：

1. A. finally B. firstly C. lately D. usually

2. A. whose B. who C. which D. what

3. A. some B. none C. neither D. no

4. A. cinema B. exhibition C. shop D. market

5. A. must B. did C. has to D. does

6. A. discovering B. visiting C. traveling D. using

7. A. then B. now C. past D. previously

8. A. how B. where C. when D. that

9. A. conversation B. fight C. meal D. dance

10. A. however B. until C. after D. whenever

11. A. helpfully B. usefully C. likely D. readily

12. A. refuse B. return C. regain D. reply

13. A. collected B. washed C. stored D. buried

14. A. statement B. suggestion C. proposal D. guess

15. A. safe B. weak C. sure D. lucky

参考答案：

1. A. 分析：借助搭配“..地已经结束了..”直接判断A(最终地)

2.B.分析：考察定语从句，从句需要主语，且该主语指代Captain James Cook，所以B合适。

3 D。分析：考察否定副词。借助搭配特点—空格后直接出现了名词，所以D是答案(no否定名词)

4. B. 分析：借助句子中的相关词语museum(博物馆)..display(陈列)直接猜测答案为B(展览会)

5. D. 分析：借助上文时态—一般将来时，及与空格处的搭配结构—‘“考古发现：澳大利亚博物馆的宝藏”…包括..’直接判断D为答案该题考点：上下文时态和定语从句。

6. A。分析：借助句子中出现的词语：explorers (探险家)…Great South Land，判断A(发现)是答案。

7. B。分析：该题考察插入语结构(插入语结构往往是对前面的名词/代词进行描述，或补充说明，该结构往往以定语(定语从句)，状语(状语从句)，或同位语的语法结构形式出现)

8. C.分析：空格前出现典型时间词1824，空格后是句子，所以直接判断when 可能是答案。考察：定语从句结构。

9. B. 分析：该题考察上下文内容的呼应：前面出现“被棍棒打死”，所以这里选择B(打仗)最合适。

10. B.分析：借助空格所在结构的特点和搭配结构含义(持续到..)直接判断答案B(直到)。

11. C.分析：分析：根据空格相关结构含义(不是由cook的骨头制成，而是更..是由动物的骨头制成)判断C是答案。

12.A. 分析：直接借助搭配结构特点(v. + to 引导的不定式结构)判断A是答案。

13.D.分析：借助上文句意和该句句意(不是所有的cook的尸体都在1779年被。。海里)判断D(埋葬)是答案。

14.A.分析：借助被选项的关系：suggestion和 proposal是近义词，且用法接近，所以相互排除掉，比较A和D，判断A((来自伦敦的)声明)正确。

译文：库克船长弓箭的传说

这本是个绝妙的传说，但DNA测试最终结束了这个长达两个世纪之久的古老故事。传说是关于一支据说是用1779年在桑伟奇群岛死去的英国探险家船长詹姆士库克的遗骨刻成的夏威夷弓箭。

在不久前DNA 证据宣布该弓箭并非来自于库克船长的遗骨时，奥大利亚博物馆收藏经理尤大书?菲利普说：“澳大利亚博物馆里并没有库克的遗骨。”但这并不能停止博物馆在展览会上展出弓箭。“考古发现：澳大利亚博物馆的宝藏”展览中的确还展示了一个在1778年夏威夷国王卡兰尼欧普送给库克的一个羽毛斗篷。

库克是英国最伟大探险家之一，他在1770年发现了“南大陆”，也就是现在的澳大利亚。此后在桑伟奇群岛被棒击致死。

库克弓箭传说始于1824年，当时夏威夷国王卡莫哈莫哈在弥留之际将弓箭赐给了库克妻子的亲戚，一名伦敦外科医生威廉正当斯，并告诉他弓箭是在那次致命殴打后用库克的遗骨做成的。

在19世纪90年代，弓箭被交给澳大理亚博物馆。这个传说直到与科学直接接触才停止。

据菲利普说，澳大利亚和新西兰的试验室的DNA测试证实弓箭并非取材于库克的遗骨，而更可能来自动物的骨头。

但是，库克迷们却不肯放弃希望。他们期待库克传说之一将会被证明是正确，并且他人部分遗骨还会被发现。正如他们所说，有证据表明库克的遗骨并不是在1779年全都葬身大海了。库克船长协会的会长克利夫托马森在一个来自英国的声明中说：“在这个问题上，科技取得了胜利。我坚信某一天库克传说之一将会被证明是真的。”

这听起来完全不对——在一块木头里面钻些洞让它更耐敲打。但是这确实有效，因为击打产生的能量分散到了整块木头上，而不是集中于一个薄弱点。这个发展应该导致更有效和更轻的包装材料的产生。

木匠们几个世纪以来都知道一些木头比另一些更结实。例如山胡桃木被用做斧柄和轮辐，因为它可

以承受振击而不会断裂。列如白橡木容易损坏得多，尽管它的质地一样细密。巴斯大学的Julian Vincent 和他的研究小组都认为木头的内部结构能够解释这些不同。

许多树都有导管，这些导管通向树干上方，把水输到叶子。在橡木里，这些管道很大，而且是呈窄带状，但是在山胡桃木中这些管道小得多，而且分布得更平均。研究者们认为这个布局能够分散打击的能量到整块木头止，以此吸收较重的打击。为了测试这个理论，他们在一块没有管道的云杉木上钻了一些0.65毫米的洞，发现它能够承受重大的打击。只有当每平方厘米超过30个孔时，木头抵御敲打的表现才会减弱。

均匀的物质不太好抵御敲打，因为受到影响的只有一小部分物质，来自打击的所有能量在折断材料时都集中在一两个地方，留下的散片常常没有受到破坏。

Vincent说，这些洞可以提供很多薄弱点，当它们破裂时一起吸收能量，而不是使能量聚在一个地方。“你可以控制木头断裂的地方，它还可以吸收更多的能量，更安全。”

研究人员相信，这个原则可用于任何一种材料，例如可用于制造更轻、保护力更强的包装物。斯图加特的Max Plank金属研究学院的Ulrike Wegst说，这一原则还可用在汽车的减震器、保护杠和军事车辆的装甲板等东西上。但是她强调说你需要设计材料时考虑力的方向。她说：“负荷的方向是很关键的。”

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2020年职称英语考试综合类完形填空练习(4) The Great Newspaper War Up until about 100 years ago, newspapers in the United States appealed only to the most serious readers. They used no illustrations and the articles were (1)politics or business. Two men(2) that-Joseph Pulitzer of the New York World and William Randolph Hearst of the New YorkMorning Journal Pulitzer (3) the New York World in 1883. He changed it from a traditional newspaper into a very (4)oneovernight (一夜之间)。He (5)lots of illustrations and cartoons. And he told his reporters to write articles on (6) crime or scandal they could find. And they did. One of them even pretended she was crazy and then she was (7) to a mental hospital. She then wrote a series of articles about the poor (8) of patients in those hospitals. In 1895, Hearst (9)to New York from California. He wanted the New York Morning Journal to be more sensational (轰动的) and more exciting (10)the New York World. He also wanted it to be cheaper, so he (11) the price by a penny. Hearst attracted attention because his headlines were bigger than(12).He often said, "Big print makes big news." Pulitzer and Hearst did anything they (13) to sell newspapers. For example, Hearst sent Frederic Remington, the famous illustrator (插图画家), to(14)pictures of the Spanish-American War. When he got there, he told Hearst that no fighting was (15)。 Hearst answered, "You furnish (提供) the pictures. I'll furnish the war."

2015年职称英语考试综合类A级教材字典版

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/f914656668.html,/ .375. School Lunch Research has shown that over half the children in Britain who take their own lunches to school do not eat properly in the middle of the day.In Britain schools have to provide meals at lunchtime.Children can choose to bring their own food or have lunch at the school canteen. One shocking finding of this research is that school meals are much healthier than lunches prepared by parents.There are strict standards for the preparation of school meals,which have to include one portion of fruit and one of vegetables,as well as meat,a dairy item and starchy food like bread or pasta.Lunchboxes examined by researchers contained sweet drinks,crisps and chocolate bars.Children consume twice as much sugar as they should at lunch time. The research will provide a better understanding of why the percentage of overweight students in Britain has increased in the last decade.Unfortunately,the government cannot criticise parents,but it can remind them of the nutritional value of milk,fruit and vegetables.Small changes in their children’s diet can_affect their future health.Children can easily develop bad eating_habits at this age,and parents are the only ones who can prevent it.A Powerful Influence There can be no doubt at all that the Internet has made a huge difference1to our lives.Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the Internet,hardly ever doing anything else in their spare time.Naturally,parents are curious to find out why the Internet is so attractive,and they want to know if it can be harmful for their children.Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time staring at their computers? Obviously,if children are bent over their computers for hours,absorbed in some game,instead of doing their homework,then something is wrong.Parents and children could decide how much use the child should_make of the Internet,and the child should give his or her word that it won’t interfere with homework.If the child is not holding to this arrangement,the parent can take more drastic steps dealing with a child’s use of the Internet is not much different from negotiating any other sort of bargain about behaviour.Any parent who is_seriously alarmed about a child’s behaviour should make an appointment to discuss the matter with a teacher.Spending time in front of the screen does not necessarily affect a child’s performance at school.Even if a child is absolutely crazy about using the Internet,he or she is probably just going through a phase,and in a few months there will be something else to worry about!The Old Gate In the Middle Ages the vast majority of European cities had walls around them.This was partly for defensive reasons but another factor was the need to keep out anyone regarded as undesirable,like people with contagious diseases.The Old City of London gates were all demolished by the end of the 18th century.The last of London’s gates was removed a century ago,but by a stroke of luck,it was never destroyed. This gate is,in actual fact,not called a gate at all;its name is Temple Bar,and it marked the boundary between the Old City of London and Westminster.In 1878the Council of London took the Bar down,numbered the stones and put the gate in storage because its design was unfashionable it was expensive to maintain and it was blocking the traffic. The Temple Bar Trust was set up in the 1970’s with the intention of returning the gate home.The aim of the Trust is the preservation of the nation’s architectural heritage.Transporting the gate will mean physically pulling it down,stone by stone,removing and rebuilding it near St Paul’s Cathedral.Most of the facade of the gate will probably be replaced,though there is a good chance that the basic structure will be sound.The hardest job of all,however,will be to recreate the statues of the monarchs that once stood on top of the gate.Family History In an age when technology is developing faster than ever before,many people are being attracted to the idea of looking back into the past.One way they can do this is by investigating their own family history.They can try to find out more about where their families came from and what they did.This is now a fast-growing hobby,especially in countries with a fairly short history,like Australia and the United States. It is one thing to spend some time going through a book on family history and to take the decision to investigate your own family’s past.It is quite another to carry out the research work successfully.It is easy to set about it in a disorganized way and_cause yourself many problems which could have been avoided with a little forward planning. If your own family stories tell you that you are connected with a famous character,whether hero or criminal,do not let this idea take over your research.Just treat it as an interesting possibility.A simple system for collecting and storing your information will be adequate to start with;a more complex one may only get in your way.The most important thing,though,is to get started.Who knows what you might find? Helen and Martin With a thoughtful sigh,Helen turned away from the window and walked back to her favourite armchair.Would her brother never arrive?For a brief moment,she wondered if she really cared that much. Over the years Helen had given up waiting for Martin to take an interest in her.Her feelings for him had gradually weakened until now,as she sat waiting for him,she experienced no more than a sister’s curiosity to see what had become of her brother. Almost without warning,Martin had lost his job with a busy publishing company after spending the last eight years in New York as a key figure in the US office.Somehow the two of them hadn’t bothered to keep in touch and,left alone,Helen had slowly found