英语翻译考试常用词汇
1. 全国人民代表大会[National People's Congress (NPC)]
主席团Presidium
常务委员会Standing Committee
办公厅General Office
秘书处Secretariat
代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee
提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee
民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee
法律委员会Law Committee
财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee
外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee
教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee
内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs
华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee
法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs
特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions
宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution
2.中华人民共和国主席[President of the People's Republic of China]
3. 中央军事委员会[Central Military Commission]
4. 最高人民法院[Supreme People's Court]
5. 最高人民检察院[Supreme People's Procuratorate]
6. 国务院[State Council]
(1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council
外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs
国防部Ministry of National Defence
国家发展计划委员会State Development Planning Commission
国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission
教育部Ministry of Education
科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology
国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence
国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission
公安部Ministry of Public Security
国家安全部Ministry of State Security
监察部Ministry of Supervision
民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs
司法部Ministry of Justice
财政部Ministry of Finance
人事部Ministry of Personnel
劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security
国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources
建设部Ministry of Construction
铁道部Ministry of Railways
交通部Ministry of Communications
信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry
水利部Ministry of Water Resources
农业部Ministry of Agriculture
对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation
文化部Ministry of Culture
卫生部Ministry of Public Health
国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission
中国人民银行People's Bank of China
国家审计署State Auditing Administration
(2)国务院办事机构Offices under the State Council
国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council
侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs
港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office
台湾事物办公室Taiwan Affairs Office
法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs
经济体制改革办公室Office for Economic Restructuring
国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council
新闻办公室Information Office 来源:考试大-口译笔译考试
3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council
海关总署General Administration of Customs
国家税务总局State Taxation Administration
国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration
中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)
国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film and Television
国家体育总局State Sport General Administration
国家统计局State Statistics Bureau
国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce
新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration
国家版权局State Copyright Bureau
国家林业局State Forestry Bureau
国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision
国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)
国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)
国家旅游局National Tourism Administration
国家宗教事物局State Bureau of Religious Affairs
国务院参事办Counsellors' Office of the State Council
国务院机关事物管理局Government Offices Administration of the State Council (4)国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly under the State Council
新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency
中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences
中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering
国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council
国家行政学院National School of Administration
中国地震局China Seismological Bureau
中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau
中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)
(5)部委管理的国家局State Bureaux Administrated by Ministries or Commissions
国家粮食储备局（国家发展计划委员会）State Bureau of Grain Reserve (under the State Development Planning Commission)
国家国内贸易局State Bureau of Internal Trade
国家煤炭工业局State Bureau of Coal Industry
国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine-Building Industry
国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry
国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industries
国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry
国家纺织工业局State Bureau of Textile Industry
国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry
国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau
国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry
[以上由国家经贸委管理][all under the State Economic and Trade Commission]
国家外国专家局（人事部）State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)
国家海洋局（国土资源部）State Oceanic Administration (under the Ministry of Land and Resources)
国家测绘局（国土资源部）State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (under the Ministry of Land and Resources)
国家邮政局（信息产业部）State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of Information Industry)
国家文物局（文化部）State Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of Culture)
国家中医药管理局（卫生部）State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(under the Ministry of Public Health)
国家外汇管理局（中国人民银行总行）State Administration of Foreign Exchange (under the People's Bank of China)
国家出入境检验检疫局（海关总署）State Administration for Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine (under the General Administration of Customs)
高等教育211工程the 211 Project for higher education
高技术产业发展规划plans for the development of high－tech industries
高技术产业化apply high technology to production
高技术产业化示范工程high－tech model projects to demonstrate their commercial viability
高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻…三个代表…重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of …Three Represents…
高清晰度电视功能样机functional prototype of high definition TV
个人所得税法the Law on Personal Income Tax
个体经济、的私营经济self－employed and private businesses
各地区经济发展的客观需要the needs of the economic development of different regions
各级各类教育all forms of education at all levels
各种小金库屡禁不止failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly
各种偷税、的骗税和逃税行为all acts of tax evasion and tax fraud
工程监理制project supervision system
工程质量事故accidents resulting from poor quality of projects
工业增加值industrial added value
公开市场操作open－market operations
共建、的调整、的合作、的合并 a program of joint development，adjustment，cooperation and mergers
购买力purchasing power
鼓励兼并encourage mergers
关心群众疾苦help alleviate their hardships
规范管理standardized administration
规范化的财政管理standardized financial management
规范破产standardize bankruptcy procedures
规范税制standardize the tax system
国际公认internationally recognized
国际通行的吸引外资方式internationally accepted methods of absorbing foreign investment
国家财政包揽过多The state finance takes on too much financial burden.
国家发展计划委员会the State Development Planning Commission
国家确定的重点领域投资investment in the key areas designated by the state
国家税源的大量流失great loss of state revenue
国家重点科研项目national key scientific research projects
国库券treasury bonds
国民经济各方面all sectors of the national economy
国民生产总值gross national product
国内短缺原材料和资源性产品raw and semi－finished materials and resource products which are in short supply in China
国有独资商业银行wholly state－funded commercial bank
国有企业改革reform of state－owned enterprises
国有企业和集体企业资本金统计报告制度a system for reporting statistics on the capital funds of state－owned and collectively－owned enterprises
国有企业重组regroup SOEs
国有商业银行一级法人管理management of the state－owned commercial banks with only their head offices as their legal persons
国有资产管理、的监督和营运机制management，supervision and operation of state－owned assets
国有资源有偿使用paid use of state－owned resources
国债资金the capital obtained from issuance of government bonds
过剩的生产能力excessive production capacity
海峡两岸关系cross－Strait relations
合同管理制contract management system
黑市交易black market transaction in foreign exchanges
很多上海企业涌向西部，掀起了去西部的淘金热。Many enterprises of Shanghai go on a …gold －rush… spree in the western parts of China.
宏观调控目标macro－control targets
宏观经济预期目标macroeconomic targets
会计法the Accounting Law
会计信息质量抽查公告制度the system for publicizing the results of random inspections for the quality of accounting information
积极的财政政策a proactive fiscal policy
基本养老保险省级统筹info敢抓敢管、的不讲情面have the courage to bear their responsibilities and exercise management no matter what others might think
高等教育211工程the 211 Project for higher education
高技术产业发展规划plans for the development of high－tech industries
高技术产业化apply high technology to production
高技术产业化示范工程high－tech model projects to demonstrate their commercial viability
高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻…三个代表…重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory an d carry out the important thoughts of …Three Represents…
高清晰度电视功能样机functional prototype of high definition TV
个人所得税法the Law on Personal Income Tax
个体经济、的私营经济self－employed and private businesses
各地区经济发展的客观需要the needs of the economic development of different regions
各级各类教育all forms of education at all levels
各种小金库屡禁不止failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly
各种偷税、的骗税和逃税行为all acts of tax evasion and tax fraud
工程监理制project supervision system
工程质量事故accidents resulting from poor quality of projects
工业增加值industrial added value
公开市场操作open－market operations
共建、的调整、的合作、的合并 a program of joint development，adjustment，cooperation and mergers
购买力purchasing power
鼓励兼并encourage mergers
关心群众疾苦help alleviate their hardships
规范管理standardized administration
规范化的财政管理standardized financial management
规范破产standardize bankruptcy procedures
规范税制standardize the tax system
国际公认internationally recognized
国际通行的吸引外资方式internationally accepted methods of absorbing foreign investment
国家财政包揽过多The state finance takes on too much financial burden.
国家发展计划委员会the State Development Planning Commission
国家确定的重点领域投资investment in the key areas designated by the state
国家税源的大量流失great loss of state revenue
国家重点科研项目national key scientific research projects
国库券treasury bonds
国民经济各方面all sectors of the national economy
国民生产总值gross national product
国内短缺原材料和资源性产品raw and semi－finished materials and resource products which are in short supply in China
国有独资商业银行wholly state－funded commercial bank
国有企业改革reform of state－owned enterprises
国有企业和集体企业资本金统计报告制度a system for reporting statistics on the capital funds of state－owned and collectively－owned enterprises
国有企业重组regroup SOEs
国有商业银行一级法人管理management of the state－owned commercial banks with only their head offices as their legal persons
国有资产管理、的监督和营运机制management，supervision and operation of state－owned assets
国有资源有偿使用paid use of state－owned resources
国债资金the capital obtained from issuance of government bonds
过剩的生产能力excessive production capacity
海峡两岸关系cross－Strait relations
合同管理制contract management system
黑市交易black market transaction in foreign exchanges
很多上海企业涌向西部，掀起了去西部的淘金热。Many enterprises of Shanghai go on a …gold －rush… spree in the western parts of China.
宏观调控目标macro－control targets
宏观经济预期目标macroeconomic targets
会计法the Accounting Law
会计信息质量抽查公告制度the system for publicizing the results of random inspections for the quality of accounting information
积极的财政政策a proactive fiscal policy
基本养老保险省级统筹unified basic old－age insurance at the provincial level
基层监督grass－roots supervision
基础设施建设construction of infrastructural facilities
缉私suppress smuggling
稽察特派员special inspectors
及时、的足额发放timely and full funding of pension
急需安排的重点支出urgently needed expenditures for key construction projects
挤占、的挪用财政投资misappropriationordiversion of financial investment
技术密集型产业technology－intensive industries
加大处罚力度severely punish those who violate the law and discipline
加大宏观调控力度tighten macro－control
加大转移支付力度increase transfer payments
加工贸易trade involving the processing of supplied raw materials
加快经济结构调整accelerate economic restructuring
加强军队和政权建设strengthen army building and the organs of political power
加强征管、的堵塞漏洞、的惩治腐败、的清缴欠税的方针the principle of tightening collection and management，plugging up loopholes，punishing corruption and clearing up overdue taxes 价格法the Price Law
价格歧视price discrimination
坚持解放思想、的实事求是的思想路线，弘扬与时俱进的精神adhere to the ideological guideline of emancipating the mind，seeking truth from facts，and upholds the spirit of
advancing with time.
坚定信心proceed with confidence
坚决不搞重复建设prohibit redundant projects
坚决杜绝劣质工程prohibit inferior projects
艰苦奋斗、的勤俭建国hard work，plain living and building up the country through thrift
减轻企业负担lighten the burden on enterprises
减人增效increase efficiency by downsizing payrolls
减少福利型、的供给型、的实物型分配reduce distribution in the form of welfare，supply and kind
减员增效downsize staffs and improve efficiency
剪彩仪式ribbon－cutting ceremonies
建立公共财政的基本框架establish the basic framework for a system of public finance
建设文明幸福家庭the development of civilized and happy families
健全项目法人责任制the system of holding the legal person responsible for projects
讲排场、的摆阔气、的比享受ostentatious behavior and pleasure－seeking
降低银行存贷款利率lower bank interest rates for savings deposits and loans，
节能、的节水、的节地和低污染新型材料new building materials that help to save energy，water and land resources and cause less environmental pollution
金融体制改革reform of the financial system
金融资产管理公司financial asset management companies
进出口商品结构pattern of imports and exports
经济不发达地区economically underdeveloped areas
经济发展后劲future economic growth
经济房low－cost housing
经营收费operating charges
精打细算meticulous plan all expenditures
精心设计meticulous design
九届全国人大四次会议the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People…s Congress
九届全国政协常委递补委员by－elect members to the Standing Committee of the Ninth CPPCC National Committee
就业问题the problem of employment
For four years in a row（连续四年）
a year-on-year increase（比上年增加）
reform and opening up policy（改革开放政策）
social programs（社会事业）
per capita（每人的，人均的）
after adjusting for inflation（扣除价格因素）
moderately prosperous society（小康社会）
macroeconomic regulatory（宏观调控）
new socialist countryside（社会主义新农村）
pursuant to the law（依法）
rural migrant workers in cities（农民工）
surplus production capacity（生产力过剩）
opened to traffic（通车）
energy conservation（节能）
state-owned enterprises（国有企业）
civil servant（公务员）
made breakthroughs（取得突破）
compulsory education（义务教育）miscellaneous fees（杂费）
boarding schools（寄宿制学校）
distance education（远程教育）
secondary vocational schools（中等职业学校）incorporated villages（行政村）unincorporated villages（自然村）
After years of effort（经过多年努力）
basic cost of living allowances（最低生活保障）autonomous regions（自治区）
free our minds（解放思想）
keep pace with the times（与时俱进）
Chinese socialism（中国特色社会主义）
social harmony（社会和谐）
special administrative regions（特别行政区）prudent fiscal policy.（稳健的财政政策）boosting domestic demand（扩大内需）
cutting-edge（前沿）
displaced residents（（三峡）移民）
non-publicly funded schools（民办学校）
school year（学年）
communicable diseases（传染病）
social safety net（社会保障）
discharged military personnel（退伍军人）pyramid schemes（传销）
pilot project（试点）
Income Tax（所得税）
futures market（期货市场）
high value-added（高附加值）
high-end（高端）
cutthroat competition（恶性竞争）
combat corruption（反腐）
hand over foot（大手大脚）
plug up loopholes（堵塞漏洞）
People's Armed Police（武警）
starting point and objective（出发点和落脚点）socialist market economy（社会主义市场经济）Scientific Outlook on Development（科学发展观）harmonious socialist society（社会主义和谐社会）
tailor measures to suit local conditions（因地制宜）
South-to-North Water Diversion Project（南水北调）
administrative examination and approval（行政审批）
follow a realistic and pragmatic approach（实事求是）
exercise activities for the general public（全民健身活动）
large-scale development of the western region（西部大开发）
processing industry for agricultural products（农产品加工业）
municipalities directly under the central government（直辖市）
primary, secondary and tertiary industry（第一第二第三产业）
deliver a good report to the people.（向人民交出满意的答卷）
socialist cultural and ethical progress（社会主义精神文明建设）
give full play to the initiative of each.（充分发挥各自的积极性）
registering the third consecutive annual increase（连续三年增加）
physically and mentally challenged persons（残疾人，肢残和智残）
resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society.（资源节约型和环境友好型社会）ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development.（让全体人民共享改革发展的成果）
创新型国家innovation-oriented country
资源节约型社会resource-conserving society
资源型城市转型transformation of resource-dependent cities
区别对待，有保有压the principle of taking different approaches to different situations and encouraging the growth of some sectors while discouraging the expansion of others
“五个统筹” m aintain the "five balances" (balancing urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development, development of man and nature, and domestic development and opening up to the outside world)
鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济encourage, support and guide the growth of the non-public sector of the economy
发扬成绩build on our achievements
环保专项治理special projects to address serious environmental problems
保护天然林protect virgin forests
退牧还草return grazing land to grassland
退耕还林还草return farmland to forests or grassland
石漠化spread of stony deserts
防沙治沙prevent and control desertification
生态补偿机制 a mechanism for ecological compensation
农村综合试点改革trials of comprehensive rural reform
农机具补贴subsidies for agricultural machinery and tools
良种补贴subsidies for growing superior grain cultivators
多予少取放活the policy of giving more, taking less and loosening control (to increase rural incomes)
“三提五统” "three deductions" (for public reserve funds, public welfare funds and management fees) and the "five charges" (charges for rural education, family planning, militia training, rural road construction and subsidies to entitled groups)
看病难、看病贵，上学难、上学贵the difficulty and high cost of getting medical treatment and receiving an education
粮食安全food safety
农村劳动力转移培训job training for farm laborers looking for urban employment
防止“一哄而起” avoid herd mentality
农村信用社体制the system of rural credit cooperatives
牧业税livestock tax
资源税resource tax
农业面源污染widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area
政策性关闭破产policy-based closure and bankruptcy
企业分离办社会relieve enterprises of their obligation to operate social programs
城市和国有企业厂办大集体collectively owned factories operated by state-owned enterprises and cities
上市公司股权分置改革reform of the shareholder structure of listed companies
人民币汇率形成机制改革reform of the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate
利率形成和传导机制setting and transmitting interest rates
国债余额管理方式the method of outstanding balance management for its national debt
建立财政性科技投入稳定增长机制establish a mechanism to ensure stable growth of government investment in science and technology
坚持国家绝对控股keep a controlling share in the state's hands
强化银行资本充足率约束strengthen capital requirements for banks
政府收支分类改革reformation of the classification of government revenue and expenditures 投资主体和产权多元化investment from various sources and diversified ow
wnership
完善国有资产监管体制，健全国有资本经营预算制度、经营业绩考核体系和国有资产重大损失责任追究制度strengthen the oversight system for state assets by establishing a sound operating and budget system for state capital, a sound performance evaluation system and a sound system for assigning responsibility for major losses of state assets
提高系统集成能力improve systems integration
控制新增产能control expansion of production capacity
废物综合利用和废旧资源回收利用comprehensive utilization of waste materials and recovery and recycling of used resources
资源开发补偿机制、衰退产业援助机制mechanisms to compensate for resource depletion and to aid declining industries
突发公共卫生事件医疗救治体系medical treatment system for public health emergencies 乡镇卫生院health clinics in towns and townships
公共文化基础设施culture-related facilities for public use
城市低保对象urban residents entitled to basic living allowances
完善城市低保制度improve the system of urban subsistence allowances
重点优抚对象key entitled groups
国家统一的职务与级别相结合的工资制度和工资正常增长机制a unified national salary system based on position and rank and a mechanism for regular pay increases
保持共产党员先进性keep CPC members progressive, innovative and forward-thinking
兴边富民vitalize border areas and enrich the people living there
西部地区“两基”攻坚计划the plan to make nine-year compulsory education universal and to eliminate illiteracy among the young and middle-aged in the western region
项目核准与备案project approval and record-keeping
完善境外投资协调机制和风险控制机制improve the mechanisms for coordinating overseas investment and risk management
过渡期transitional period
官煤勾结government officials in cahoots with coalmine operators
government officials act in collusion with coalmine operators
重点抽查spot test with a focus on; a spot test focusing on
采煤沉陷区sinkholes in coal mining areas
棚户区shantytowns
传销及变相传销pyramid schemes and the ones in disguised forms
手机实名制mobile phone identification policy
福利腐败corruption in the execution of welfare policy
内外资企业所得税统一the unity of income taxes levied from domestic and foreign-funded enterprises
论文崇拜the worship of research paper; the worship of scientific paper
以房养老use house property as the living means for one's old age; using house property as the living means for the aged
《中华人民共和国公司法》Company Law of the People's Republic of China
《重大动物疫情应急条例》Emergency Measures for Handling Major Animal Epidemics
《关于预防煤矿生产安全事故的特别规定》Special Regulations for Preventing Coalmine Accidents
《国家突发公共事件总体应急预案》Master State Plan for Rapid Response to Public Emergencies
《信访条例》Regulations on Petitions in the Form of Letters and Visits
法律英语翻译
Legal English (revised version for the students) Ch.1 The Main Features of Legal English 一、法律英语的英译： David Mellinkoff（加州大学洛杉矶分校法学院教授）：《The Language of the Law》1963 1.legal English---Lawful English Legal parlance（说法、用语）/legal lingo（行话、隐语）/legal jargon（行话、黑话）/legalese( 法律八股文)/language of jurisprudence(法理语言) 2. the English Language of the Law or shortened as “the language of the law” 3. 法律英语与法学英语 二、法律英语的范围： 是否凡是涉及法律的英语（词汇、表达方法、句子结构……）都是法律英语？ 英美法学界所公认的法律英语主要是指普通法国家（common-law countries）的法律人所用的习惯语言（customary language），包括某些词汇、短语，或具有特色的一些表达方法(mode of expressions)。 三、法律英语的主要特点： I. precise or exact (准确) 正常情况下，起草法律文件时，用词造句务必十分精准（with great exactness），因为一旦笔者的思想、观点、企图落实成文字，即成为法庭判断是非的重要依据，因为按严格解释原则(principle of strict construction)或唯名论原则(principle of nominalism)，尽管实践中还存在推测意图原则(principle of presumed intent)，但其不占主导地位，书面文字仍然是法官解释法律文件的唯一依据。 实务中鉴于对法律文件中文字的理解不一，也是常有纠纷出现： e.g. The Charter required that directors “shall be elected on a vote of the stockholders representing not less than two-thirds of outstanding capital st ock of the corporation.” 甲方理解成：被选上董事的人需三分之二的股东投票赞成(a candidate to be elected needs the votes of two-thirds of the stockholders ) 乙方则认为：选董事时须有三分之二的股东出席(two-thirds of the stockholders must be present at the meeting at which the election is held) What’s the judge’s opinion? e.g. 一个阿肯色州的美国人临终前写了一个遗嘱，遗嘱写道： The remainder of the testator’s property should be “divided equally between all of our nephews and nieces on my wife’s side and my niece.” 问题出在对“between”一词的理解上。立遗嘱人妻子一边的外甥和外甥女加在一起共有22个。这句话是指立遗嘱人的遗产的一半归其妻子方的22个外甥和外甥女，另一半归其本人一方的外甥女？还是指将遗产在双方的外甥外甥女中平均分配呢？ 为达准确之目的，常使用下列招法： 1. 使用专门术语（下文有述） 2. 重复使用具有绝对含义的词汇，如all , none, perpetuity, never, unavoidable; 3. 使用具有绝对限制含义的短语：
商务英语期末考试参考答案
商务英语期末考试参考答案 说明：商务英语期末考试有五种题型： 一、中英短语互译已经全部总结，见下文 二、问答题已经提供了参考答案，仅供参考，见下文 三、案例分析题请根据题目要求自行准备 四、英语段落翻译中文已经注明，请自己翻看商务英语教程 五、写作请根据题目要求自行准备 1、中英短语互译（详见商务英语课件——每个PPT中的短语部分） PPT1： 1. individual proprietorship个体经营，独资企业 2. convertible bonds 可转换债券 3. memorandum of association 公司章程 4. monopolistic competition 垄断竞争 5. business credit 商业信用 1. 财政资源 financial resources 2. 有限责任公司 limited company 3. 销售收入 sales revenue 4. 有形商品 tangible goods 5. 流动资金 working capital PPT2： 1. flexible manufacturing system 弹性生产系统 2. fractional reserve system 部分准备金制度
3. credit instruments 信用工具，信用票据 4. bull market/bear market 牛/熊或多头/空头市场 5. manufacturing process 制造工艺 1. 厂址选择 facility location 2. 库存控制 inventory control 3. 总支出 aggregate expenditures 4. 股权证/权益证 equity instruments 5. 财务管理 financial management PPT3： 1. performance appraisal 绩效/业绩评估 2. promotion-from-within 内部提拔 3. skills inventory 技术库存 4. macroeconomic ramification 宏观经济衍生物/结果 5. closed-end fund 封闭式基金 1. 项目生命周期 project life cycle 2. 软技能和硬技能 soft skills and hard skills 3. 补偿制度 compensation system 4. 开放式基金 open-ended fund 5. 优先股 preferred stock PP4： 1. profit-oriented objective 利润导向的目标 2. marketing intermediary 营销代理商
英语翻译期末试卷
黄山学院初等教育学院2008－2009学年度第二学期06级英语班《英语翻译》期末考试卷 班级序号姓名成绩 一、选择题。（请将答案写在序号前面）20% 1. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. A. 许多领域的成功都取决于能否得到最新消息。 B. 田里的收成在很多方面依靠获得最新的消息。 C. 从很多方面讲，成功主要依靠在最后的时刻还能得到信息。 D. 在众多领域里，成功是获得最晚信息的保障。 2. At least three persons died in the fire and 23 others were injured. A. 至少3人因这次火灾和另外23次火灾造成死亡。 B. 起码有3个人在大火中丧命，23个以外的人受伤。 C. 火灾造成至少3人死亡，23人受伤。 D. 至少有3人死于火海，23人被火海包围。 3. Not only has he a first-class brain, but he is also a tremendously hard worker. A. 在一班，他不仅是头领，而且，也是一个非常严肃的工作者。 B. 他有一流的头脑，是个非常难对付的家伙。 C. 他不仅头脑好用，而且，还喜欢做极端困难的工作。 D. 他不仅头脑非常聪明，而且，工作上也非常勤奋。 4. It is reported that some areas of Australia have had no rain for more than four years. A. 有报道说，澳大利亚地区已经4年多没下雨了。 B. 据报道，澳大利亚的部分地区有4年多没下雨了。 C. 澳大利亚的个别地方被报道说没下雨的时间已经超过了4年。 D. 报纸报道，某些澳大利亚地区已经有4年多没下雨的时间。 5. The village was named after the high mountain standing in front of it. A. 这个村庄是以矗立在它面前的那座高山命名的。 B. 这个村庄的名字是来自于它面前的那座高山。 C. 这个村庄的名字是在前面的那座高山之后起的。 D. 这个村庄的名字是以站立在它面前的那座高山起的。 6. It was officially announced that the birth rate dropped greatly in the past three years. A. 据官方宣布，出生率在过去的三年中有了大幅下降。 B. 正式宣布，过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 C. 正式宣布，出生率大幅下降在过去三年。 D. 据正式声明，过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 7. The introduction of the new technique reduced the cost of the product three times. A. 对新技术的介绍，使产品的成本减少到三分之一。 B. 新技术的引进使产品的成本减少了三倍。 C. 对新技术的介绍使产品的成本减少到原来的三分之二。 D. 新技术的引进使产品成本减少了三分之二。 8. If you are buying a car, you may pay for it out of savings. A. 假使你正在买一辆汽车，你也许会透支购买。 B. 如果你要买一辆汽车，你可以用自己的储蓄存款支付。 C. 假定你打算买一辆汽车，你得花掉你得全部存款。 D. 加入你买一辆汽车，你需要用你的积蓄交此款。 9. Full-service banks can offer services unavailable at smaller financial institutions. A. 全面服务的银行能提供在小财政机构所不能获得的服务。 B. 提供全方位服务的银行能提供较小的金融机构所不能提供的服务。 C. 充满了服务的银行可能提供给较小的财政机构某些无法获得的服务 D. 全面服务的银行可能提供服务，这种服务是较小的金融机构所不能提供的。 10. The following qualifications are required from the candidates for the above position. A. 我们要求应聘高职位的求职者需具备以下资历。 B. 应聘以上职位，需具备下列资格。 C. 候选人为了高职位要求自己具备以下资历。 D. 以下资历是对应聘此职位的候选人的要求。 二、用正反表达法翻译下列句子。20% 1. The teacher found some of the pupils absent. 2. I wonder if he is coming. 3. Your request is beyond my power. 4. You will fail unless you work harder. 5. That lazy boy went to class before he had prepared his lesson. 6. Be sure to lock the door when you leave. 7. Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this afternoon. 8. The doubt still unsolved after his repeated explanation. 9. Such flight couldn’t long escape notice. 10. All the articles are untouchable in the museum. 三、用重复法翻译下列句子。20% 1. We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. 2. It's our duty to rebuild and defend our home-land. 3. People forget your face first, then your name. 4. Each had his own business to handle. 5. Big families had their own difficulties.
商务英语翻译试题汇总
广东外语外贸大学公开学院辅导资料 商务英语翻译课程试卷 （课程代码：5355） 考生注意：1. 答案必须写在答卷上，写在问卷上无效。 2. 考试时间150分钟。 I. Multiple Choices (20 points, 2 points for each) 第一套试卷 1.It is not surprising, then, that the world saw a return to a floating exchange rate system. Central banks were no longer required to support their own currencies. A.在这种情况下，世界各国又恢复浮动汇率就不足为奇了。各国中央银行也就无须维持本币的汇价了。 B.不足为奇，全世界看到了汇率的回归，因此各国中央银行无需维持本币的汇价了。 C.此时此刻，世界各国又恢复了移动的交换比率，因此各国中央银行无需维持本币汇价。 D.在这种情况下，全世界又恢复了浮动交换率，这已不足为奇了，因此各国中央银行也就无需维持本币价格了。 2．Assuming the laboratory tests go well, and you can quote us a competitive price, we would certainly be able to place more substantial orders on a regular basis. A.假定实验室检验顺利，并且你的报价有竞争力，我们会大量向贵公司订货的。 B.若实验室检验合格，且你们给我们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会定期大量订货的。 C.若实验室检验良好，且你们给出的报价具有竞争性，我们一定会定期定量订货的。 D.假定实验室发展良好，且你们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会大量定期订货的。 3．Chinese researchers have made a breakthrough in developing new materials for nickel-hydrogen batteries used in low temperatures, Inhaul reported. A.中国研究者已经在开发新材料用于低温下使用的镍氢电池方面有了突破，据新华社报道。 B.新华社报道，中国科学家在从事新材料制造低温镍氢电池方面有了突破。 C.新华社报道，中国研究人员在开发利用新材料制造在低温下使用的镍氢电池方面已有了突破。 D.中国研究者在开发新材料制造低温镍氢电池有了重大突破，这是新华社报道的。 4. Since the initiation of economic reforms in the late 1970s, China has achieved impressive
英语期末考试翻译句子
Unit1 A new study shows that dogs can detect if someone has cancer just by sniffing the person’s breath. Ordinary household dogs with only a few weeks of basic training learn to accurately distinguish between breath samples of lung- and breast-cancer patients and healthy subjects.One expert, who led the research, said, “Our study provides compelling evidence that cancers hidden beneath the skin can be detected simply by (dogs’) examining the odors of a person’s breath.” Early detection of cancers greatly improves a patient’s survival chances, and researchers hope that man’s best friend, the dog, can become an important tool in early screening. Unit 2 A research team recently replicated a bacterium’s genetic structure entirely from l aboratory chemicals, moving one step closer to creating the world’s first artificial organism. The researchers said, “It’s the second step of a three-step process to create a synthetic organism. But the final step could prove far more difficult.” Nonetheless, the research is pushing forward at a rapid pace. Last June, the team revealed details of an experiment in which researchers inserted the DNA of one species of bacterium into the cells of another. That process almost magically booted up the inserted genome. The research team hopes to use a similar trick to boot up the artificially created genome, so as to create a man-made living organism. Unit 3 In recent years, the psychologists from many countries banded together to do a research which indicated that continued income growth could make people apply themselves to an ongoing consumption race rather than promote overall happiness. Everyone has to spend more and more money in order to maintain a constant level of happiness. This is because our vanity and jealousy are functioning . The way to sort out them out is to cultivate the noble sentiment of being considerate and serving the society. People shouldn’t pin all their hopes on money. Instead , friends, family and work are also playing a very improtant role . Therefore, hapiness is not an inborn trait, but a talent which everyone can learn. Unit 4 I used to feel excited at teaching my students the elegant economic theories that could supposedly cure societal problems of all types. But what is the good of all my complex theories when people were dying of starvation on the sidewalks and porches across from my lecture hall? My lessons were like the American movies where the good guys always win. But when I emerged from the comfort of the classroom, I was faced with the reality of the city streets. Here good guys were mercilessly beaten and trampled. Daily life ws getting worse, and the poor were growing even poorer. Unit 5 No one thought that shy little Einstein would grow up to a prominent scientist. He was slow in learning to speak, and he often paused to consider what he would say during a conversation.In school, Albert Einstein was singled out by his teachers as a troublesome child because he liked to ask difficult strange questions. He did not like to memorize facts and rules, but was interested in what lay below the surface of things. When he was four or five years old, for instance, his father gave him a compass. Little Einstein was curious about the mysterious force that could keep a compass needle always pointing north, which prompted him to read widely in science. His real studies were mostly done at home by reading books on mathematics, physics, and philosophy. Unit 6 Most Americans have great vigor and enthusiasm. They prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by others. They pride themselves on their independence, their right to make their own minds. They tend to take the initiatives, even when there is a risk in doing so. They have courage and do not give in easily. They are considered sentimental. When they see a flag on ceremonial occasions, or attend parades celebrating Ame rica’s glorious past, tears may come to their eyes. They tend to be emotional at the reunions with family and friends, too. Sometimes, they can laugh at themselves and their country, while they will always remain intensely patriotic.
经典英文广告语20条
经典英文广告语20条 经典英文广告语20条 1． Good to the last drop． 滴滴香浓，意犹未尽。（麦斯威尔咖啡) 2． Obey your thirst． 服从你的渴望。（雪碧） 3． The new digital era． 数码新时代。（索尼影碟机） 4． We lead． Others copy． 我们领先，他人仿效。（理光复印机） 5． Impossible made possible． 使不可能变为可能。（佳能打印机） 6． Take time to indulge． 尽情享受吧！（雀巢冰激凌） 7． The relentless pursuit of perfection． 不懈追求完美。（凌志轿车） 8． Poetry in motion， dancing close to me． 动态的诗，向我舞近。（丰田汽车） 9． Come to where the flavor is． Marlboro Country． 光临风韵之境——万宝路世界。（万宝路香烟） 10．To me， the past is black and white， but the future is always color．对我而言，过去平淡无奇；而未来，却是绚烂缤纷。（轩尼诗酒） 11. Just do it. 只管去做。（耐克运动鞋） 12. Ask for more. 渴望无限。（百事流行鞋） 13. The taste is great. 味道好极了。（雀巢咖啡） 14. Feel the new space. 感受新境界。（三星电子） 15. Intelligence everywhere. 智慧演绎，无处不在。（摩托罗拉手机） 16. The choice of a new generation. 新一代的选择。（百事可乐） 17. We integrate, you communicate. 我们集大成，您超越自我。（三菱电工） 18. Take TOSHIBA, take the world. 拥有东芝，拥有世界。（东芝电子） 19. Let’s make things better. 让我们做得更好。（飞利浦电子） 20. No business too small, no problem too big.
英语期末考试句子翻译
任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票（vote）.(be eligible to ) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote. 每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for,scholarship) A form to apply for scholarships is sent by the university to each student before the start of each semester . 遵照医生建议，我决定戒烟。（on the advice of） On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking . 公司位于县城的正中央.(Be located in) The park is located right in the center of town . 这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(Facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire. 警察们正忙着填写关于这场事故的各种表格。（fill out） The policemen are busy filling out forms about the accident. 我想在还车之前把邮箱（fuel tank）加满（fill up） I want to fill up the fuel tank before returning the car. 如果你要投诉，最好遵循正确的程序。（follow the procedure） If you want to make a complaint,you would better follow the correct procedure. 要不是约翰帮忙，我们绝不会这么快就完成实验。（without） We could not have finished the experiment so soon without John’s help. 暴风雨之后，岸边的人们焦急地搜索湖面以期待发现小船的踪迹。 After the storm of boat the people on the store anxiously scanned the lake for any sign. 我们需要通过减少道路上的车辆以降低燃料消耗。（consumption） We need to cut down on our fuel consumption by having fewer cars on the road. 电费上涨增加了我们的负担。（add to） The rise in power costs has added to our burden. 你应该自己判断行事，别总是跟在你哥哥后面。（follow the lead） You should fudge by yourself,and not always follow your brother’s. 那种发型今年很流行，但是我想明年就会过时。（in fashion） That hair style is in fashion this year,but I an afraid it will be out of fashion next year. 在追求真理的过程中，我们注定（fate to）要遭受失败的痛苦。（in one’s quest for） In our quest for truth, we are fated to suffer from many failures. 我们得把感情放在一边，从专业的（professinal）角度来对待这件事。（from a```stand point）We have to put aside our emotions and take it from a professional stand point. 这部戏非常精彩，我很快就沉浸于激动人心的剧情之中。（lose oneself in of ） The plan was so wonderful that I soon lost myself in the excitement in of it. 她没有什么爱好——除非你把看电视也算是一种爱好。 She hasn’t got any hobbies---unless you call watching TV a hobby. 他说他是直接从市长本人那里得到这个信息的。（first-hand） He said he had got the information first-hand from the major himself. 既然你不能回答这个问题，我们最好问问别人。（since） Since you can not answer the question, perhaps we would better ask someone else. 那件工作很难做，不过我想试试看。（have a shot） It is a difficult iob but I’d like to have a shot. 这是一本关于商务实践而非理论的书。（as opposed to）
法律英语翻译
法律英语翻译：法律翻译常用词汇注释（A-Z） A Ab initio Ab initio是拉丁文，其意思是“自开始之时”或“从头开始”，可以直接翻译为“自始”。在法律英语中，ab initio 的使用频率较高，比较常见。如：ab initio mundi（有史以来），void ad initio（自始无效）等。 Accord accord在普通英语中的含义是符合，一致，在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议，指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。如reach an accord达成和解协议，accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。 Accused 被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。 Acquire acquire在普通英语中的含义是获得，获取，而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买，收购，我们通常所说的M&A，即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。 Acquittal 罪名不成立。刑事案件经审讯后，被告罪名不成立被释放，称为“The accused is acquitted”。Acquittal 是名词。详见民法中和刑法中表达不同意思的“acquit”一文。 Act act在普通英语中的含义是行动，行为，在法律英语中通常理解为作为，与不作为forbear相对应。如：Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from。 Action act在普通英语中的含义是行动，在法律英语中则理解为诉讼，相当于suit或lawsuit，如initiate an action提起诉讼，win an action在诉讼中获胜，defend oneself in an action在诉讼中为自己辩护等。 Adjourn
《商务英语翻译》 期末试卷答案
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