商务英语的特征与翻译技巧(英文)

Abstract: Business English has obvious professional features, in the translation, you should pay attention to the use of certain techniques to ensure the accuracy of the translation. Firstly, the overall characteristics of business English, as well as the specific characteristics of the words, phrases, sentences have been analyzed separately, then business English translation skills elaborated.

Keywords: Business English; features; translation skills

Contents

Introduction (2)

1. Business English translation in the course of the problems (2)

1.1 "penetration." (3)

1.2 "revealing." (3)

1.3 "infiltration" and "revealing." (3)

2The characteristics of Business English (4)

2.2Integrated features (4)

2.2Lexical features (6)

2.3 The phrase Features (7)

2.4 the sentence Features (7)

3 Business English translation skills (8)

3.1The words and phrases translation skills (8)

3.2 The sentence translation skills (9)

Conclusion (10)

References (11)

Introduction

With the deepening world economic integration and expansion of international business activities have become increasingly frequent, English as a common language in the world, in international business activities also play a pivotal role. Business English is mainly used for international trade and marketing and other business activities in a particular body of the English language. Business English is a branch of ESP, compared with ordinary English, but there is no essential difference in Business English with a specific "business characteristics." It is in terms of lexical, syntactic, stylistic and others have their own characteristics, and often involves many different business areas.

Business English for international marketing and trading activities set up a specialized body of the English language, compared with ordinary English, Business English, though not a difference in the nature, but there are some of its features, since English is suitable for business a genre of foreign economic trade, international investment, technology transfer and international business negotiations and other business areas, which has a highly practical and purposeful, with its own cultural characteristics, colors and stylistic features and other aspects of language Features.

1. Business English translation in the course of the problems

International Business English translation is a serious work of stakeholders, can not understand the point of language competence. Business English translation involves a wide range of disciplines and more terminology and more, ranging from slightly inattentive absurd, laughable, while causing huge economic losses, the consequences could be disastrous. For starters, we can translate the process into two phases, namely: "infiltration" and "revealing", in other words, understanding and expression. A good translator should be able to do "was infiltrated into" and "get through it."

1.1 "penetration."

"Infiltrate" specifically refers to the translator thorough understanding of the original, this step is the basis for the translation. Failure of translation, or that the wrong translation, the translator is often not really "got" the original. Generally, when the translator Translation "get in" the situation more than the Chinese to English. Sometimes this is https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fe3669141.html, because the translator did not understand English or the original, and to the Chinese-speaking Chinese people understand the Chinese generally not a problem. So, to really "infiltrate" the translator must have strong English language skills and relevant professional background knowledge, and well-known English and Chinese language and culture, otherwise the translator can not really "penetrate", so "revealing" is bound to regret.

1.2 "revealing."

In the process of translation, "Go" is not so easy, as "out" is not easy. There translation practice often have such experience: their true "entry" of the original text, which fully understand the original text, but "out" does not come, that is limited to controlling the target language knowledge and ability, hard-pressed to find the exact words to express the meaning of the original.

1.3 "infiltration" and "revealing."

"Infiltration" and "revealing" is a pair of opposites, the "infiltration" only "revealing", "infiltrated" the purpose is to better "revealing." "Revealing" is the "infiltration" results only "penetrate" no "revealing", "infiltrated" lost purpose and meaning. The translation process is continuous and properly solve various problems in two different languages mutually inconsistent process. Indeed the case, the translator continuously discover and solve problems. Translator trying to "infiltrate" No matter what the problem encountered in the "infiltration" in the process, have to solve the problem, "got to go." After the "dig", such as the successful "out" Nature is

good, but if the obstacles, the translator must remove obstacles, solve problems, and then "come out." But sometimes it does because of various reasons, especially in cultural reasons, the translator is difficult to be completely "out." "Get out" usually means a translator to understand the text, but in the target language word is not selected in the original language or peer peer language does not exist in the target language. Also, here's "get out" Unlike previously talked about "get out." "Get out" means here is that the translator to understand the original text, but stick to the original framework, not understanding the meaning of the original expression of the target language with bold closest peer language on the basis of the original. As a result, translated sentence is not very fluent, not authentic target language. "Get in" but "get out" of the second case, the translator to understand the text, but the text content in a unique exotic peer can not find words in the target language, so "not out come. " Here the "get out" is not the translator's incompetence, but cultural barriers (cultural obstruction) caused. Language is the carrier of cultural information, cultural information carried symbolic language is a huge symbolic system. Although there are various ethnic and cultural similarities, but this is relatively common, but the differences between different cultures is essential. In the process of translation, transmission of cultural information is relative, cultural information translatability limit is absolute. Cultural barriers exist forever in the translation process. Recognizing this, the translator if cultural barriers encountered in the translation process, it should calmly deal with this obstacle, through a variety of effective means to make more or less exotic cultural information is transmitted to the target language to go.

2The characteristics of Business English

2.2Integrated features

1)professional

Business English because it is a genre for this specialized field of international business and the formation of, and thus has a strong professional, including a large

number of professional terminology. Eg, chamber of commerce (Chamber of Commerce), credit standing (credit status), are highly professional features and specific meaning, only the professional staff before regular use, and truly understand its inherent meaning. In addition, professional and also includes some common English words in common areas after entering business English, will have a richer meaning of professionalism. Such as the "line" of the term, in ordinary English, we generally understood as "team, ranks" or "rope" and other means, and in Business English, having been given the professional characteristics, generally translated as "industry" or represent certain goods.

2)formal nature

As the general business English for more formal occasions, and therefore not easy to use the more colloquial words or sentences, especially for some of the commercial agreement negotiations and business documents, etc., in the language, in general very seriously and has very strict requirements and the use of specific words norm, sometimes to express the importance of documents or respect for the other side of the negotiations, but also the use of some of the more uncommon words or sentences, to highlight clerical formality. For example, in the choice of words, saying that "on" time, usually use "concerning", "as regards" instead of the common, more colloquial term "about", "on" and so on.

3)rigor

A business language features and formal rigor is of the same strain, due to the use of the occasion, and objects such as reasons to express great emphasis on the wording of rigor and careful overall terms, requiring language well organized, easy to understand avoid the use of some images of vocabulary, as well as the rich emotional vocabulary, making the overall style of language appear misplaced. Such as "hope", "wish to" require the use of such a term generally more positive "confirm" such as substitution, has adopted a firm tone, suggesting that a rigorous approach to business activities.

2.2Lexical features

1) a high frequency of use acronyms

Business parlance for some professional terms, generally do not need to use spelling style expressions, and use only the form of shrinking spell that does not cause confusion. Such as, a / cs pay. (Accounts payable, accounts payable), b / c (bills for collection, collection bills), bhc (bank holding company, a bank holding company), etc., in business activities simply by Jianpin can be.

2)and the use of foreign words in the ancient words

Foreign words from the French and Latin words in general, such as the terms (terms, conditions), suit (sue, sue), claim (right) and other words from the French word; and tare decisis (stare decisis), bona fide activity (charity ) comes from the Latin words. On the use of ancient words, generally "here", "there" as the root composed mainly synthetic adverbs, such as "heyeof (thus)", "hereby (below)" and so on.

3)the higher the chance of modal verbs

Modal verbs, some tone affirmative words often used in business English, and fully reflects the seriousness of business activities, the rigor of characteristics, such as the frequency of "should", "must" and other words tend to be higher, a clear indication of Business Activities directivity avoid messy phenomenon.

4)The term refers unambiguously

To ensure business documents such as rigor in business activities, the use of pronouns tend to be more cautious, less typically use ratios, even if there is, it usually refers to a sense of the overall business activities of basic expressions no effect.

5)the fast development of new words

Business English vocabulary system is not closed, but with changes in the economic development, as well as new business needs, at any time insertion of some new words, in order to continuously improve the overall business English vocabulary system. For example, with the widespread adoption of computerized accounting knowledge, there has been such as accounting computerization (Accounting) and

other new words.

2.3 The phrase Features

1)the high number of noun phrases

Business English phrase use, frequency of use of the verb phrase significantly lower than noun phrases, verb phrases and even some in the use of direct conversion to noun phrases. Such as noun phrase "a good line of hardware" and the like, as well as "provision of the services" substitute "provision services" such as verb phrases into

a noun phrase is applied to the phenomenon of the sentence.

2)specifically the use of phrases

Business English often use specialized words to indicate the meaning of the convention, such as "copetence strategy (competitive strategy)", "for and on behalf of (on behalf of someone)" and so on.

3)The use of the phrase substitution clause

Given the characteristics of Business English easier to understand in the statement required in a specific sentence, as to avoid long complex sentences, generally considered to replace the clause with the phrase to make the sentence as simple as possible to better understand the meaning of the sentence.

2.4 the sentence Features

Use in a sentence, the general emphasis on the integrity of business English, rarely omitted to avoid sentence meaning vague, ambiguous. Meanwhile, the general use of the active voice, and commonly present tense, while rarely used in the future; generally used to direct expression, rarely indirect expression, especially in some roundabout way of expression implicit in Business English sentences are rare. For example, the sentence "this enterprise will not employ theperson who is more than 60 years old", it is very concise. In addition, the use of statements expressing general tone, especially in the business contract, a statement highlights the formal tone and seriousness; the sentence is Long Short Sentence coexist, although some long

sentence structure is more complex, but in the overall sentence meaning On still losing rigor, clarity.

3 Business English translation skills

Business English translation, you should first fully understand the characteristics of business English and master the basic professional terminology, should also understand and be familiar with the cultural background of business English belongs, and language usage under such a cultural background, and through translation before and after comparison of two different cultural backgrounds, using the most precise words, phrases and sentences, such as the Business English reflect over the meaning of the conversion. In particular translation, should have the following skills:

3.1The words and phrases translation skills

1)abbreviations and specialized vocabulary (phrases) should regulate the use of

In translation, for abbreviations and specialized vocabulary (phrases) should be paid special attention, especially for large vocabulary of business documents, etc. If the same abbreviated words or specialized vocabulary (phrases) in commercial documents and other sports appear in front The frequency is higher, we must ensure the consistency of translation around and avoid the front and back of the vocabulary is not uniform, causing commercial misunderstanding. Because in Business English translation, this is inevitable due to cultural differences there are some deviations, or as a result of the translated text is more Kuse, difficult to understand, if the substitution phenomenon occurs in the same words, it can easily lead to business misunderstanding, especially https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fe3669141.html, for some of the commercial negotiations, it may be due to the difference between a word, the results differ miles.

2)the word (phrase) should be rigorous and precise use

Words (phrase) the use, to ensure simple and easy to understand, based on the same time we must ensure the accuracy and rigor of terms, such as acronyms, like

mentioned above, as well as in professional terms (phrase) to use the should be avoided because of the randomness or inaccurate words (phrase) on the use, for commercial activities adversely affected.

3)using the conversion translation

In translation, in order to ensure a more understandable semantics, should make the appropriate adjustments and conversion on the part of speech according to the words (phrase) of usage scenarios, in order to ensure that the translated sentence can be more adapted to English usage. As in "we realize the need that some sectors must to industrialize (We recognize that some departments need to implement industrialization)" This sentence, the word "need", he transformed from a noun in the English sentence for Chinese verbs "need."

4)using addition and subtraction word translation

In translation, the translated sentence should be based on the need to add some appropriate words, to maintain the integrity of the sentence. Add words to ensure that does not change the semantics of the original, and selects the most accurate words, try to make the addition and subtraction word sentence meaning after optimization.

3.2 The sentence translation skills

1)Conversion of Translation

Business English is a courtesy of a strong stylistic characteristics, therefore, the use of language, and sometimes contain more tactful colors to express the general use of passive sentences, when translated into English, it should be noted as the case may be passive sentences into active sentences, so that the translated sentence is more in line with Chinese grammar habits and habits of expression. For example, the sentence "the wares should be transport by sea (cargo should be transported by sea)", if directly translated into "maritime cargo transport should be" and other sentences, the translation will appear ironic outcome.

2)anti-translation

Chinese and English expression used to exist on a different, longer sentences in

English in general will be the most important part of the sentence to the front, while the Chinese are accustomed to every level to promote the most important means placed at the end of the sentence, in When translated, should be fully aware of this, try to make long sentences translated long sentences in line with the Chinese habit of expression through the use of a certain word association, highlighting key part of the meaning of the sentence, and to ensure consistency before and after the translation of the meaning.

Conclusion

English for Specific Purposes Business English is the international business activities of this particular service professional disciplines. Involved in a wide range of professional and has a unique linguistic phenomenon and expressive content stylistic complexity. Business English translation requirements translator has a wealth of knowledge of business theory and business practice, in order to improve the quality of translation. Translation itself must have certain conditions.

First, the translator of Chinese skills better. A lot of people tend to ignore it, think Chinese is their mother tongue, with their original foundation cope translation problem, is more than enough. However, in the real translation process. For a word or a sentence. Wrestling for a long time are not given a satisfactory result. Sometimes finally figured it out also feel less than ideal. Thus, the Chinese language skills and the ability to understand the size of the Chinese directly affect the quality of the translation. Work hard to learn Chinese. Lay the foundation for the Chinese translation is very important.

Second. English language ability is stronger. Comprehensive knowledge of grammar and lots of vocabulary indispensable. If only a lot of vocabulary without good knowledge of English grammar. Understanding the process of translation the translator must be full of mistakes. And irrelevant. So we want to improve the accuracy of accuracy in the English translation of the English sentence comprehension and expression in English translation in English.

Third. To a wide range of knowledge. Business English translation to be good to do this, we must grasp the business theory and business practice, such as theoretical knowledge and practical experience in trade. Meanwhile translator also has a wealth of encyclopedic knowledge of astronomy, geography, ancient and modern is not that familiar with, but also to understand some of the basics. No certain knowledge, language skills translator even be higher. Is unable to do the translation work.

In summary, business English translation to achieve both faithful to the original but also correct fluent, not only deep expertise and a solid grounding in grammar, but also the need for the international trade-related terms have a more comprehensive understanding. At the same time, but also to grasp the basic principles and techniques of business English translation. In the translation process and avoid too literally, ignoring details of the deal. Only effective combination of these two skills to find handy in business English translation. Foreign Economic and Trade in constant development, business English also need to constantly enrich and develop; only constantly learning new knowledge, accumulated experience, broaden their knowledge in order to make business English translation to really become standardized realm.

References

[1］张铁政.浅谈商务英语的特点及翻译技巧［j］.华章,2011，(24).

[2］马晶.商务英语的语言特点及翻译策略［j］.西昌学院学报(社会科学版),2008，(04).

[3］朱星涛.论商务英语翻译技巧［j］.现代商贸工业,2010，(06).

[4］欧秋耘.商务英语词汇特点和翻译［j］.高等函授学报(哲学社会科学版),2009，(04).

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ABSTRACT Business English letter plays an important role in international trade.This thesis first introduces the features of business English letter with 7Cs. Then following the translation principles of business English letter, from the words, long sentences and manner of speaking aspects, it discusses the translation skills. In order to obtain good quality translation of business English letter, translators must understand the features of business English letter and the translation principles and skills. By analying the examples and making the contrastive study, this thesis gives a detailed analysis of the features of business English letter and figures out the basic principles and methods applicable to the translation of this specific genre and some problems a translator should pay attention to during the translation of business English letter. Keywords：business English letter; translation; feature; translation skills

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商务英语精读句子翻译58598

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商务英语信函的主要文体特征及翻译技巧

商务英语信函的主要文体特征及翻译技巧 xx商务英语信函的主要文体特征及翻译技巧 以下是由为大家收集出来的商务英语信函的主要文体特征及翻译技巧，希望能够帮到大家。 国际贸易竞争日益激烈的今天，为了通过发送商务信函达到有效交流，传达友好情感，增加商务合作机会的目的，商务信函必须在风格和语言上发生变化。现代商务信函的主要文体特征可以概括为以下五点: 内容的清晰性、表达的简洁性、词语的专业性、风格的正式性、措辞的礼貌性。因此我们要将商务信函本身的特点和英语的语言特点结合起来，分析和总结其翻译思路和技巧。一、内容的清晰性发送商务信函的目的在于建立商务往来关系，就某一细节进行商讨，努力达成共识，以便促进一项商务活动的开展。要达到这些目的，首先必须保证阅读者能够清楚了解写信人的意图，迂回或闪烁其辞的话语会让读信人产生不信任，甚至会怀疑对方的语言表达能力，对进一步开展商务活动很不利。模棱两可的话轻则阻碍读信人对信函意思的理解，重则会对发函方造成不必要的损失。例如: As to the steamers sailing fromHongkong to San Francisco，we have bimonthly directservices. 此处bimonthly 有歧义，可以是twicea month 或者once two month. 故读信人就迷惑了，可

以改写为We have two direct sailings everymonth from Hongkong to San Francisco. 翻译要保留原文的清晰度相当重要。由于在较为正式的场合中，为了将一概念定义完整和清楚，英文常常用关联词将几个短句并在一起形成一个长句，而中文无法照样只用一句话来翻译，即使这样译了也很难达到通顺和自然。这时，我们就采取将长句按特定的事情发展的顺序拆分成两个或两个以上的小句子的方式来翻译。必要时还要增加或省略一些词语，让整段文字结构更合理、内容更清楚。例如: The prices stated are based oncurrent freight rates，any increase or decrease infreight rates at time of shipment is to be the benefitof the buyer，with the seller assuming the payment ofall transportation charges to the point or place of delivery.例句中以一个介词with 来分界，译为“合同价格是以运费计算，装运时运费的增减均属买方。卖方则承担至交货地的全部运费”。在原文中with 分句是一个状语，翻译时采用中国人平铺直叙的思维方式，用分述的方式把这个句子拆成两句，清楚地表达了原文的语言信息。 是不是一封书信只要包含了全部关键信息就可以成为一封好的书信了呢? 拟信人还应注意语言组织的条理性，或按事情发展的先后顺序，或按各要素的重要性排序编写。东扯一句，西扯一句的写法

商务英语信函特点及翻译

全日制英语学习，选择尚语国际语言村https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fe3669141.html, 随着全球商务活动日益频繁，互联网迅猛发展，商务信函成为国际贸易中客户沟通的主要方式，广泛运用于外贸、海外资本运营、国际货运等商务活动。它涵盖询问、洽谈、答复，涉及到询盘、报盘、发盘、还盘、交易达成、支付方式、装运等业务细节，是商务活动中不可或缺的沟通媒介，高质量的商务英语信函翻译对国际商务活动的重要性不言而喻。 一、商务信函的语言特点 与其他文体相比，商务信函具有商务文体正式、简洁、专业、礼貌等特点。 (一)正式。商务信函是公文性质函件，用词布局上比普通信函讲究，较多使用书面语。如请您给我发送一份申请表格，在此表示感谢。一般使用We would be grateful if you could send me an application form。而不使用Could you send me an application form? Thank you!。文体布局上商务信函也比一般信函严谨规范，有其特定布局结构。如道歉信通常开头致歉(We must apologize for …/We apologize for…)，接下来解释事情发生的原因，寻求对方谅解(this is owing to…)，在结尾处再次致歉(We hope that this has not caused you any inconvenience./With apologies once again.)一般道歉信都会遵循这样层层递进的规范布局，翻译时也要注意符合其布局。 (二)简洁。商务人士求实重效率。商务信函必须言简意赅，目的突出，层次分明。一般信件开头就说明来意，如：We are writing to enquire about the prices of your cabinets/ we are writing in connection with the advertisement in the newspaper yesterday. 如果开头东拉西扯，会使繁忙的商务人士无暇向下，不明所以。此外信件中措辞也较少使用冗繁的词语句式。例：Please contact us whenever we can be helpful. (如需帮助请告知)而一般不会使用Whenever there is anything we can be of assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us。 (三)专业。商务信函用于业内往来，广泛使用商业术语和缩略语，包括外贸业务术语、公司名称及单证等，规范程度很高。常见如外贸术语CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight) 成本、运费加保险价，FCA(Free carrier)货交承运人，B/L(Bill of Loading)运输单等在信函中都大量使用。此外商务信函也常使用here，where, there 与in, by, with, after 等构成复合词如hereafter(after this),wherein (in which) therefrom (from that)。如：Seller is bound to reimburse Buyer for any loss sustained therefrom. 长期的商务书信交流中逐步形成了商务英语信函句式的套语和行话。如：收到对方询盘的套话：Thank you for your letter of 23 July, asking if we sell photocopiers.希望得到对方回函、订单时的套话：Looking forward to your favorable /early reply. (四)礼貌。西方人交往中非常重视态度，商务信函应礼貌友好，礼貌可以使对方阅读后心生好感，从而保持友好贸易关系。在信函中采用“You attitude”，从对方角度考虑问题，较多使用第二人称，较少使用

商务英语的特征与翻译

商务英语的特征及翻译 张芸芸 摘要：随着我国和其他国家经济往来越来月频繁，各种商贸企业蓬勃发展起来。在经济交往中，商务英语翻译显得举足轻重，翻译得当及否可能关系到经济交流的失败，因此，提高商务英语翻译的准确性更是显得尤为重要。本文为商务英语翻译工作者阐述了商务英语的特征并提供了一些翻译的技巧，希望能对翻译工作者有所帮助。当然在商务英语翻译中还有许多其他的翻译技巧，所以翻译工作者应该从实际出发具体问题具体分析，选择最佳的翻译技巧，善于运用翻译技巧，这样才能使翻译的信息更加准确完美，才可以更好地发挥商务英语翻译在国际商务活动中的作用。 关键词：商务英语、商务英语的特征、商务英语翻译、翻译技巧 一、商务英语的概念 商务英语是指人们在商务活动中所使用的英语，在西方国家通常称为Business English。八十年代在我国,商务英语主要用于对贸易，因而又称为外贸英语(Foreign Trade English)。（李大立2002） 商务英语以适应各种职场生活的语言要求为主要目的，涉及商务活动的各个层面，以传授西方企业经营理念、工作方式、处事方法、生活习惯等为主要内容的一种职业英语。（杨梅、岳秀红，2004） 英语本身就是一种国际通用的语言，实用性非常强，而商务英语成为了国际间经济合作和商务交流的重要工具，其重要性尤为明显，可以说离开了商务英语知识技能，国际合作简直寸步难行，商

务英语的重要性可见一斑。那么了解商务英语的特点和翻译至关重要。 二、商务英语的特征。 （一）词汇特点。 (1)专门术语及缩略词的大量使用。专业术语具有国际通用性，其意义准确、单一、无歧义且不带有个人感情色彩，一般不需要借助上下文来理解。商务英语是属于商务领域中的一种语言，其语言应用的显著特点之一就是专业性强，词汇及内容及专业密切相关，承载着丰富的商务理论和商务实践方面的信息。例如：用来反映海洋运输货物保险险别主要包括平安险（Free from Particular Average）、水渍险（With Particular Average）和一切险(All Risks)。这些都是商务英语中特有的一种表达，每种险别都有行内明确规定的责任及除外责任。除了专业性强外，商务活动的频繁开展使得商务英语中产生了一些约定俗成的专业术语和缩略词，对于这些术语和概念，从事国际商务活动的人们都应该熟悉，并将随着商务交往的频繁而日益增加。 （2）商务英语用词强调正式规范。商务英语用词明白、易懂、正式规范、简短达意、语言平实。用词方面多以意义相同或相近的书面词语代替基本词汇，和口语词汇，保证所用词语具有国际通用性，但又不能过于非正式。这种正式词语常见于各种商务文书，以示庄重和严肃，同时避免不必要的重复，使意义更加清楚简明。 （3）语言具体明确。及普通英语相比，商务英语在语言表达方面很重要的不同之处在于，商务英语要表达准确，不能言过其实，内容必须实事求是，尤其要保证数据的精确和术语的严格准确，否则就会引起纠纷。例如商品的某些质量和特征要用准确的数字，避