词汇学试题及答案

词汇学试题及答案

【篇一：词汇学试题】

ss=txt>i choose the best answer from the four choices. (30‘)

1. the M sll in —drumsll is ___ .

a. a free morpheme

b.a stem

c. a root

d.an inflectional affix

2. a word is the combi nation of form and _______ ・

a. spelling

b. writing

c. meaning

d. denoting

3. trumpet is a(n) _____ motivated word・

a. morphologically b semantically

c. phonetically

d. etymologicall

4. ____ i s a pair of emotive synonyms・

a. —dadll and —fatherll

b.—flatll and —apartmentll

b. c.—meanil and —frugallld.—chargell and —accusell

5. the word —Ianguagell is sometimes used to refer to the whole of a person's language.this is called _______ ・

a. scientific Ianguage

b.idiolect

b. c.colloquial language d.formal language

6. the meaning of the word fond changed from foolish to affectionate by mode of ______ .

a. extension

b. narrowing

c. elevation

d. degradation

7. degradation can be illustrated by the following

example ____ .

b. a. lewd —> ignorant b. silly —> foolish

c. c・ Iast —> pleasured・ knave —> boy

8. english lexicology embraces morphology, semantics, etymology, stylistics and _____ ・

a. linguisticsb・ pragmaticsc・ Iexicographyd・ phonology 9. which of the following is incorrect?

a —airmailll means —mail by airll

b. —reading-lampll means —lamp for readingll

c. —green hornil is the horn green in color

d. —hopelessll is —without hopeII

lO.which group of the following are perfect homonyms?

a. dear (a loved person)—deer (a kind of animal)

b. bow (bending the head as a greeting)—bow(the device used for

shooting)

c. bank(the edge of the river)—bank (an establishment for money business)

d. right (correct)—write (put down on paper with a pen)

11. the following are the main sources of homonyms except

a. change in meaning

b. change in sound c ・change in spelling d. borrowing

42. antonyms can be classified into three major groups except ・

a. evaluative terms

b. contrary terms

c. complementary terms

d. conversive terms

13. —parent/child, husband/wife, predecessor/ successorllare

a. contrary terms

b. contradictory terms

c. conversive terms d・ complementary terms

14, _________________________________________ there are

2 main process of sense -shift except ______________ .

a. radiation

b. concatenation

c. borrowing

45. according to morphology, there are 2 types of classifications except ____ ・

a. root antonyms

b. derivative antonymsc・ contraries

46. there are derivative antonyms except____ ・

a pleasant-—unpleasant b. polite---impolite

c. war-一antiwar d・ large一一small

17. there are complementary antonyms except ___ ・

a. child----girl

b. single—married

c. dead-™alive

d. brother—sister

48. there are 3classifications of homonyms except _____ ・

a. perfect homonyms

b. homographs

c. homophones

d. contrary homonyms・

19. modern english is derived from the Ianguage of early

tribes.

a. greek

b. romanc・ italiand. germanic

20. the prehistoric indo-europea n pare nt Ian guage is thought

to be a highly _____ Ianguage・

a. inflected b・ derivedc・ developedd・ analyzed

4.in modern english one may find some words whose sounds

suggest their ____ ・

2」exical meaning itself has two components : conceptual meaning and _______________ .

3. ___ t he meanings of many words often relate directly to their _____ ・ in the words the history of the word explains the meaning of the word・

4. part of speech of words, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs all belong to _______ meaning.

5.1 exicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _______________ of words・

6. generally speaking,linguistics is the ______ study of

Ian guage ・

7. there are two main approaches to study of english lexicology,that is ___ and ____ ・

8・“tulip”and “rose”，are ____ of <

8. at the beginning of the fifth century britain was invaded by three tribes from the northern europe:angles, _____ and _____ 9. four group of loan

word s ______ , ________ , _____ a n d _______ .

iii. put the following words into the appropriate blanks.(4O') flock herd school troop pride

1. a __ of cattle

2.a ____ o f monkeys

3. a __ of lions

4.a ___ of sheep

5. a __ offish

iv. judge whether each of the following statements is true or false.

(2

4. 『elations between meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or hyponymy.

2. in semantics, meaning of Ianguage is considered as the intrinsic and inherent relation to the physical world of experie nee.

3. grammatical meaning refers to the part of the word-meaning which indicates grammatical concepts・

4. the connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which are generally found in the dictionary.

5. —male/female, present/absentllare contrary terms・

v. define the following terms.(2,+4,=6,)

1. word

2. motivatio n

vi. answer the following questions .(6,+6,+8,=20,) 1 ・ what is the d iff ere nee betwee n homonyms and polysemy? how to differentiate them?

2. how do linguists divide the history of the english language for analysis?

3. discuss some of the characteristics of antonyms.

答案

1. d.

2.c

3.c

4.c

5.b

6.c 7b 8.c 9.c 10 c 11.a

12. a 13.c 14.c 15.c 16.d 17.a 18.d 19.d 2O.a

ii.

1. meaning

2.associated meaning

3.origins

4.grammatical

5. meani ngs

6. s cientific

7.synchronlc,diachronic 8,hyponymys, superordinate

8. sax on s,jutes

9. aliens, denizens,translation・loans,semantic borrowings • • •

III

herd troopprideflockschool

iv

1. t

2.f

3.t

4.f

5.t

V・

1. a word is a minimum free form,that is to say,the smallest form that may appear in isolation・

2. motivation acco unts for the conn ection betwee n the linguistic symbol and its meaning.most words can said to be

non-motivated.that is,the conn ection of the sign and meaning does not have logical connection

explanation.neverthelss,english does have words whose meanings can be explained to a certain extent.

vi.1 ・ homonyms refer to d iff ere nt words which happe n to share the same form and polysemy refer to the fact that the same word has several distinguishable meanings・ by seeing their etymology, we can distinguish them, i. e. homonyms are from d iff ere nt sources while a polysemy is from the same source which has acquired

different meanings in the course of development. the second

principal consideration is semantic relatedness・ the various meaning of a polysemy are correlated and connected to do with one another, additionally, In dictionary, a polysemy has its meanings all listed under one headword whereas homonyms are listed as separate entries・

2. three periods in the development of english language (vocabulary)

1) old english or anglo-saxon period (449-1100)

1 much of the old english vocabulary was borrowed from latin 如bargain, cheap, inch, pound; cup, dish, wall, wine, etc

2 old english was a highly in fleeted language .it has a complete system of declensions of words

2) middle english period ( 1100-1500 )

1 french influence and norman conquest in 1066

law and government administration: military affairs> religion、art 2 middle english is becoming from highly inflected language to analytic language

3) modern english period (1500-)

【篇二：词汇学考试题目】

1.in old english there was ______ agreement between sound form.()

a more

b. little

c. less

d. gradual

2. both Idee and cceld are ______ ・()

a. general dictionaries

b monolingual dictionaries

c. both a and b

d. neither a and b

3. the word miniskirt is ______ ・()

a. morphologically motivated

b etymologically motivated

c. semantically motivated

d. none of the above

4. the most important way of vocabulary development in present-dayenglish is _______ ・()

a borrowing

b. semantic change

c. creation of new words

d. all the above

5. beneralization is a process by which a word that originally

had a specialized meaning has now become ________ ・()

a. generalized

b. expanded

c. elevated

d・ degraded

6. _________________________ some morphemes have as they are realized by more

than one morph according to their position in word.()

a. alter native morphs

b. single morphs

c. abstract units

d. discrete units

7.old english vocabulary was essentially _______ with a number of borrowings from latin and Scandinavian・()

a. italic

b germanic

c. Celtic

d. hellenic

a. semantics

b. grammar

c. phonetics

d. Iexicology

9.if two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called ____________ .()

a. repetition

b. alliteration

c. rhyme

d. none of the above

lO.which of the following words is a functional word?()

a. often

b. never

c. although

d. desk

41. _______________________________ rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _____________________________ ・()

a. semantic unity

b. structural stability

c. idiomatic variation

d. figure of speech

12.the advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _________________ .()

a. use idioms correctly and appropriately

b understand idioms correctly

c. remember idioms quickly

d. try a new method of classification

13. borrowing as a source of homonymy in english can be illustrated by _______ .()

a. long (not short)

b. ball (a dancing party)

c. rock (rocknroll)

d. ad (advertisement)

14. the change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors except _______ .()

a. the influx of borrowing

b. repetition

c. analogy

d ・ shortening

15. w hich of the following is not a comp orient of linguistic context?()

a. words and phrases ・

b. sentences

c. text or passage

d. time and place

ii. match the words or expressions in column a with those in column b according to 1 )types of meaning changes; 2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4)meaning and context. (10%)

16. seandinavian ( ) https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3f19211787.html,l (place where things are made) 22. participants ( ) g.determined

23. difference in denotation ( ) h.pigheaded

24. appreciative ( ) i.non-linguistic

25. pejorative ( ) j.iron (a device for smoothing clothes)

iii. study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined, and 2) types of word formation or prefixes. (20%))

17. germanic () 18. extension () 49.narrowing () 21. ambiguity () b. grammatical

c.

d oubl

e meaning d.

s wedish f. dutch

27. mote I ()()

29. blueprint ()

30. preliminaries ()

31. southward ()

32. demilitarize ()

33. hypersensitive ()

34. retell ()

35. multi-purposes ()

iv. define the following terms. (10%)

36. acr onymy

37. native words

38. elevatio n

39. stylistic meaning

40. monolingral dictionary

V・answer the following questions. your answers should the clear and short・ write your answers in the space given below・(10%)

41 ・how many types of motivation are there in english? give one example for each type・

42. what are the major sources of english synonyms? illustrate your points・

Vl.analyze and comment on the following. write your answers in the space given below・(20%)

43. a nalyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.recollection, nationalist, unearthly

英语词汇学试题参考答案

I. (30%)

1. a

2.c

3.a

4.c

5.a

6.a

7.b

8.d

9.b 10.c 11.d 12.a 13.b 14.b 15.d II. (10%)

16. d

17. f

18. a

19. j

20. b

21. c

22.i

23. e

24. g

25. h

m.(2o%)

26. bound root

27. (head+tail) blending

28.inflectional affix/morpheme

30. full conversion

31. derivational suffix

32. derivation

33. prefix of degree

34. derivational prefix

35. number prefix

IV. (10%)

36. the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms・

37. n ative words, also known as anglo-saxon words, are words brought to britian in the 5th century by the germanic tribes・

38. the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importanee.

39. the distinctlve stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context.

40. a dictio nary writte n in one language, or a dicti on ary in which entries are defined in the same Ianguage.

V. (10%)

41. there are four types of motivation:

1) onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc.

2) morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc.

3) semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc.

4) etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc.

42. key points:borrowing; dialects and regional english; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidenee with idiomatic expressions.

VL(20%)

43.

1) each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection (re+collect+ion) ,nationalist

(nation+al+ist) ,unearthly (un+earth+ly).

2) of the nine morphemes, only collect,nation and earth are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves・

3) all the rest re-,-ion，-al,-ist,un・ and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words・

【篇三：英语词汇学试题】

write the terms in the blanks according to the definitions・(20 points)

4. a minimal meaningful unit of a language ()

2. one of the variants that realize a morpheme ()

3. a morpheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme ()

4. a morpheme that can stand alone ()

5. a morpheme attached to a stem alone ()

6. an affix that indicates grammatical relations ()

7. an affix that forms new words with a stem or root ()

8. what remains of a word after the removal of all affixes ()

9. a form to which affixes of any kind can be added ()

40. the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words () ii. form negatives pf each of the following words by using one of these prefixes dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, non・，un-. (40 points) smoker capablepractical obey security relevant mature ability officially willingnesslegal agreement logicalloyal convenientathleic moral regularhonest like

iii. decide whether the following statements are true or false・ (20 points)

english is more closely related to german than french.

2. old english was a highly inflected Ianguage・

3. middle english absorbed a tremendous number of foreign words but with

little change in word endings・

4. conversions refers to the use of words of one class as that of a different class・

5. words mainly invoIved in conversation are nouns, verbs, and adverbs.

6. motivation explains why a particular form has a particular meaning ・

7. unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable

and

in determinate.

8. perfect homonyms share the same spelling and pronounciation ・

9. contradictory terms do not show degrees・

10. antonyms should be opposites of similar intensity.

iv. study the sentences below and give and antonyms to the word in bold type in each context. (20 points)

4. the discussion enabled them to have a clear idea of the nature of the problem.

2. they are faced with clear alter natives ・

3. his grandfather's mind was not clear during the time he made the will.

4. i'd like to get a clear plastic bag to carry this・

5. wash the substances with clear cold water.

6. the singefs voice remai ned pure and clear throughout the eveni ng.

7. all colors were clear, the river below her was brilliant blue・

8. her eyes behind the huge spectacles are clear and

un troubled ・

9. now that Pve told her everyth!ng, i can leave with a clear con scie nee.

10. he is a shortish man of clear complexion.

参考答案

英语词汇学

i. 1.morpheme 2. allomorph 3. bound morpheme 4. free morpheme 5. affix

6. inflectional affix

7. derivational affix

8. root

9. stem 10. etymology

11. n onsmoker, in capable, impractical, discovery, insecurity, irrelevant, immature,

inability/disability, unofficially, unwillingness, illegal, disagreeme nt, illogical, disloyal, inco nv enient, non athletic, immoral, irregular, dishonest, dislike

iii. l.t 2.t 3.f 4.t 5.f 6.t 7.t 8.t 9.t 10.t

iv. 1. confusing 2. ambiguous 3. muddled 4. opaque 5. dirty

6. harsh

7. dull

8. shifty

9. guiltylO. blemished

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《英语词汇学》课程习题集 一、单选题 1. The word “humorousness” has _______ morphemes. A. one B. two C. three D. four 2. The word “nationalize” has _______ morphemes. A. one B. two C. three D. four 3. The word “decoding” has _______ morphemes. A. one B. two C. three D. four 4. Which of the following forms is not an allomorph of the morpheme “in-”? A. ig- B. ir- C. il- D. im- 5. Which of the following forms does not contain an allomorph of the inflectional morpheme of plurality? A. books B. pigs C. horses D. expense 6. According to ______, there is an intrinsic correspondence between sound and sense. A. naturalists B. anthropologists C. linguists D. conventionalists 7. According to ______ , there is not a logical connection between sound and sense. A. naturalists B. anthropologists C. linguists D. conventionalists 8. Most English words are _________ symbols. A. definite B. arbitrary C. infinite D. hereditary 9. From the point of view of ________, a direct connection between the symbol and its sense can be readily observed in a small group of words. A. nationalism B. anthropology C. linguistics D. motivation 10. Words motivated phonetically are called _________ words. A. onomatopoeic B. similar C. natural D. symbolic 11. In the sentence “John was asked to spy the enemy”, “spy” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________. A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym 12. In the sentence “John was doctored by Mr. Smith in the hospital”, “doctor” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________. A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym 13.In the sentence “John was asked to get into the office after a two-hour wait”, “wait”is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________. A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym 14. In the sentence “John decided to nurse his sister himself”, “nurse” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________. A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym

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