分词做主语补足语
非谓语动词和谓语动词都表示动作,但两者的性质,地位不同。非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。此处重点讲解分词作主语补足语的情况。
难点形成原因：
1.分不清什么是补足语。
2.分不清何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词。
3.遇到时容易和其他知识点混淆。
4.练得不多、用得不熟。
解决办法：
通过练习强化，多做题,通过做练习，慢慢渗透。
用法讲解：
一、概念
分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。具体地说，主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动态句子中的主语补足语。先了解宾语补足语，则很容易了解主语补足语。
宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。
句型：及物动词+宾语（n./pron.）+ 宾语补足语（n./ adj./ adv./ to do/ -ing/ -ed/ 介词短语共7种表示法）
该句型若变成被动语态，即将宾语提到句首作主语，原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在被动语态中起到补充说明主语的作用，所以改称主语补足语。例如：
A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.（2003年全国卷）此句中 smoking 是主语 he的补足语，所以称为主语补足语。
A cook will be immediately fired if someone finds him smoking in the kitchen.
此句中 smoking 是宾语 him 的补足语，所以称为宾语补足语。
二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语（宾语）补足语
分词作主语（宾语）补足语时，若主语（宾语）与分词之间是主动关系，则用现在分词表示主动；如果主语（宾语）与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词表示被动。例如：
He was heard singing in the next room.
He was singing. 主语 he 与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系, 故用现在分词 singing。
One of the glasses was found broken.
One of the glasses was broken. 主语 one of the glasses 与补足语“打破”之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词 broken。
Don't leave the water running while you brush your teeth.（2004年天津卷）
The water is running. 宾语 the water 与补足语“淌”之间是主动关系，故用现在分
词 running。
三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词
要会使用分词作补足语，必须记住哪些动词可以接分词充当补足语。
1. 感官动词 feel，hear，listen to，see，watch，notice，observe，look at（一感二听五看）及find 等既可以接现在分词又可以接过去分词充当补足语。如：
If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air moving against your fac e.
The air can be felt moving against your face, if you wave your book in front of your face. The next morning she found the man lying in bed, dead.
The next morning the man was found lying in bed, dead.
2．表示“致使”动词 get，have，leave 等既可以接现在分词又可以接过去分词充当补足语。--Good morning. Can I help you?
--I'd like to have the package weighed, madam.（MET89）
3. 表示“意欲；命令”的动词如 like，want，wish，order等常接过去分词充当补足语。如：You must tell us exactly what you would like done. 你必须准确地告诉我们该做什么。The father wants his daughter taught the piano. 这位父亲想让女儿学钢琴。
I wish it done quickly. 我希望很快将此事做完。
注意：set，start，catch 常跟现在分词作宾语补足语，make 常跟过去分词作宾语补足语。如：
set sb. thinking, start sb. coughing,
He looked around and caught a man putting his hand into the pocket of a passenger.（2004年北京春季卷）
The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself heard. （NMET91）
典例精析：
1. I smell something ___________ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? （2007全国I）
A. burning
B. burnt
C. being burnt
D. to be burnt
答案：A。
解析：smell something burning“闻着什么东西在燃烧而发出糊味”强调这个动作正在进行。burning作宾语补足语。something burnt “烧焦了的东西”表示一种状态。所以选 A。
2. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother's voice ______ him. (2007年上海卷)
A. calling
B. called
C. being called
D. to call
答案：A。
解析：hear sb. doing sth. 意为“听到某人在做某事”。动词+ing表示主动，
the child heard hismother's voice calling him表示“孩子听见他母亲喊他”。
hear sth. done 表示“听见某事被做了”。所以选 A。
3. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _____ in ashort period. （2007年福建卷）
A. improved
B. improving
C. to improve
D. improve
答案：A。
解析：have sth. done 表示“使某事被做”，have her written English improved “使她的书面英语得到提高”。动词+ed 形式作宾语补足语表示被动。have sb. doing sth. 意为“使某人一直在做某事”表主动。have sb. do sth. 意为“使某人做某事”表主动，do 前必须省略 to。所以选 A。
4. -- Did Peter fix the computer himself?
-- He ______, because he doesn't know much about computers. (2007安徽)
A. has it fixed
B. had fixed it
C. had it fixed
D. fixed it
答案：C。
解析：have sth. done 表示“使某事被做或请别人做某事”，动词+ed 形式作宾语补足语表示被动。由 because he doesn't know much about computers 可判断出，他找别人维修了电脑。所以选C。
过去分词作宾语补足语 学案
过去分词作宾语补足语 概念引入 上个单元我们学习了过去分词作表语和定语的用法。现在我们继续学习过去分词作宾语补足语。看这些句子： 1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. 2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful government. 3. You find most of the population settled in the south. 4. They found the window broken. 5. ..., so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line. 这些句子中的黑体部分都是过去分词作宾语补足语。 用法讲解 宾语补足语是同学们学习英语的一个小难点，许多同学都弄不清到底什么是宾语补足语，它的作用是什么，所以我们今天就从宾语补足语讲起，重点讲解过去分词作宾语补足语的内容。 什么是宾语补足语 英语中一些动词除需要一个宾语外，还需有宾语补足语句子意义才完整，这样就构成了英语的六种基本句型（见【补充】）中的“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型。宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。可作补足语的结构有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。宾语和其宾语补足语也被称为复合结构。 1. 作补足语的词语： 1）We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我们认为他是一个好老师。 （名词短语作宾语补足语，相当于省略了to be） 2）I find learning English difficult. 我发现学英语很难。 （形容词作宾语补足语） 3）I saw the kite up and down. 我看见风筝飞上飞下。 （副词作宾语补足语） 4）When he woke up, he found himself in a strange place. 他醒来时发现自己在一个陌生的地方。 （介词短语作宾语补足语） 5）Tom made the girl cry. 汤姆把女孩弄哭了。 (省略不定式符号to的动词不定式） 6）The father found his son playing in his room. 父亲发现儿子在房间里玩。 （动词-ing形式做宾语补足语） 7）The soft music makes us relaxed. 这首柔美的音乐使我们放松了。 （过去分词作宾语补足语） 【补充】英语的六种基本句型： 英语的最基本的句型有6种，其他的句子都是由这6种句型转换来的。
不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语的区别
不少英语语法书上认为英语中的感官动词如feel, hear, see, look at, listen to, notice, watch等后要跟复合宾语，即"宾语+宾语补足语"并举例说：I heard him speak.我听了他的发言句中的不带to的不定式speak表示已发过言了，表示一个完成的动作I heard him speaking.我听见他在说话句中的现在分词speaking表示"正在说话"笔者认为上述的解释是不正确的下面谈谈自己的一点肤浅见解，与同行们探讨 如果按上述I heard him speak.句中的解释，speak表示"一个完成的动作"，"讲过话了"，在我听的时候，speak怎么会是一个完成的动作呢?按理可推，I heard her singing.能理解为说话的此刻她还在唱歌吗? 由此可见，"一个完成的动作"是对哪个时间参照点而言，如果是对说话的此刻而言，那么，当hear,feel,notice,watch等为过去时，不管是不带to的动词不定式，还是现在分词都表示"完成的动作" 如果hear,feel,notice,see,watch等为一般现在时或一般将来时，则不带to的不定式不可能是"一个完成的动作"如：We want to come and hear you play.能解释为说话的此刻，play是"一个已完成的动作(已演出过了)"吗? 在语言的运用中，实际上不带to的动词不定式表示整个活动(a complete activity, a complete action或a whole action)，而现在分词表示正在进行的动作(an activity in progress)或者不管是不是全过程试比较： I saw him change the wheel of his car.我看见他在换汽车轮子(意味着我看到了整个动作过程) I saw him changing the wheel of his car.我看见他换汽车轮子(可能意味着我只看到动作过程的一部分) 又如：I saw him cross the road.是指"我看到他穿过马路的整个过程"(从离开人行道到另一侧的人行道)，而I saw him crossing the road.则是指"我看到他正在穿越马路"再比较下列动
分词作宾语补足语
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现在分词做宾语补足语
现在分词做宾语补足语 现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语，其结构为： 主语+谓语+宾语+现在分词(即宾语补足语)。使用此结构要特别注意： 句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是主动关系，并不是所有的动词都可以跟宾语加现在分词作宾语补足语。掌握现在分词作宾语补足语的结构要注意下面的五点。 一、感官动词+宾语+现在分词，现在分词做宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行。例如： He saw her working in the garden.他看见她正在花园里干活。 分析： “He”在句子中做主语，“saw”作谓语，“her”作宾语，划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子，working in the garden宾语补足语。 I heard a bell ring.我听见铃在响。 I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感觉到风吹着我的脸。 高中范围内，适用于“感官动词+宾语+现在分词”的结构，现在分词作宾语补足语常用的动词有： feel，find，hear，notice，observe，see，watch等。 在listen to和look at后面也可跟宾语+现在分词(即宾语补足语)。例如： Sometimes she would listen to him playing the saxophone.有时她会听他吹奏萨克斯管。 She looked at him waiting there.她瞧着他等在那里。 二、使役动词+宾语+现在分词，现在分词在句子中作宾语补足语。例如： His question has set me thinking.他的问题让我深思。
过去分词作宾补的用法
关于过去分词作宾补的用法 过去分词在句子中可作表语、定语、状语、补语（主补、宾补）等。下面就过去分词作宾补的用法作一总结。 一、能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类： 1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。(1) I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。(2)He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。 2. 表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。(3)I”ll have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理发。(4)He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。(5)Don”t leave those things undone.要把那些事情做完。 3. 表示“希望”、“要求”意义的动词。如：like, order, want, wish等。(6)I would like this matter settled at once. 我希望此事立刻得到解决。(7)I wish my homework finished before five o”clock. 我希望5点前完成我的作业。 二、过去分词作宾补表示的意义。
1. 过去分词作宾补表示被动关系，其动作先于谓语动作。如例句(1)，过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard；例句(2)，过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found。 2. 过去分词作宾补时，过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。如例句(4)，动宾关系是pull out his tooth；例句(6)，动宾关系是settle this matter。 三、过去分词作宾补时，要注意几种情况。 1. 使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。 第一，过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。如：He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了） 第二，过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。如：He had his leg broken.他的腿断了。（自己的经历） 2. 过去分词在原句中作宾补时，如果原句变为被动语态，那么过去分词就在新句中作主补了。如：The big fire is reported controlled.据报道这场大火已经得到控制。The meeting room was found thouroughly cleaned and everything arranged in good order.人们发现会议室被彻底 打扫了，一切都布置得井井有条。
(完整版)英语宾语补足语用法详解
Contents 英语宾语补足语用法详解 (2) 一、概念 (2) 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 (2) 三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词 (3) 典例精析： (4)
英语宾语补足语用法详解 一、概念 分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。具体地说，主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动态句子中的主语补足语。先了解宾语补足语，则很容易了解主语补足语。 宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。 句型：及物动词+宾语(n./pron.)+宾语补足语(n./adj./adv./to do/-ing/-ed/介词短语共7种表示法) 该句型若变成被动语态，即将宾语提到句首作主语，原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在被动语态中起到补充说明主语的作用，所以改称主语补足语。例如： A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. 此句中smoking是主语he的补足语，所以称为主语补足语。 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 分词作主语(宾语)补足语时，若主语(宾语)与分词之间是主动关系，则用现在分词表示主动； 如果主语(宾语)与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词表示被动。例如： He was heard singing in the next room. He was singing.主语he与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词singing。 One of the glasses was found broken. One of the glasses was broken.主语one of the glasses与补足语“打破”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词broken。 Don‘t leave the water running while you brush your teeth.
过去分词作宾语补足语
Unit2 The United Kingdom过去分词作宾语补足语 The past participle as the Object Complement 过去分词在句中可以作1.定语2.表语3.宾语补足语4.状语 a lighted candle 、a broken heart、fallen leaves、 cooked food、honored people 他写的小说很畅销。 The novel written by him sells well.过去分词短语作后置定语表被动和完成 坐在那的那个人是我的叔叔。（seat） The man seated there is my uncle.过去分词短语作后置定语表状态不表被动 他看起来很着急。He looked worried. 过去分词作表语表状态 我的眼镜破了。My glasses are broken .过去分词作表语表状态 1）Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. find + object+ past participle 2）… to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. get + object+ past participle 英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make, consider, keep, see , find, call, get, have, let等。 We think him clever. What he said made me angry. We consider the answer correct. Everyone calls him Tom. 宾语补足语的表示法 1.His father named him Jack. ( 名词) 2.They painted their house white.(形容词) 3.You mustn’t force him to go at once.（不定式） 4. Nobody noticed him enter the room.（不定式短语） 5. We saw her entering the room. (现在分词或其短语) 5. We must get the work finished by 10 o’clock.(过去分词) 6. We take English as a useful tool for research work.用介词引出） 7. Whenever you may go, you will find him at work.（介词短语） 8. Let the fresh air in.（副词） 9. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will. (从句) 过去分词作宾语补足语，表示动作已经完成或结束。能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成的意
不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语的用法浅析
20XX年中学测试 中 学 试 题 试 卷 科目： 年级： 考点： 监考老师： 日期：
不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语的用法浅析 一、不定式和其短语做宾语补足语 不定式和其短语做宾语补足语，主要强调动作的全过程或一次性的动作。例如： a. I asked him to come here. b. Did you see anyone come into the room? c. I think him to be a good teacher. d. Please tell her to wait for me at the school gat e. 能用不定式或不定式短语作宾语补足语动词两种情况，一种是接带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词，一种是接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词。 1．常见的接带to的定式作宾语补足语的动词：tell, ask,want, teach,allow, drive, expect, invite, love, hate, like, prefer, would like等。其否定形式在不定式前加not。 例如： a. My mother often tells me to study hard at school. b. Mr. Zhang asked us not to play too many computer games at home. c. I want you to teach me how to use a computer. 2．常见的接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要是一些表示感觉的动词和表示“使”、“让”的动词，表示事情全过程或一次性动作。它们主要有： 一感：fell 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, make, have 四看：see, watch, notice, observe 半帮助: help help sb. to do / do sth. 例如：a. Did you hear me sing a song last night? b. I saw him come into the room yesterday. c. Please let me help you clean / to clean the windows. d. Oh, please don’t make the baby cry again. 注意：含不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的句子变成被动语态时，要把to加上，即不可省掉to，例如： a. I heard her sing yesterday. —— She was heard to sing yesterday by me. b. He made me laugh. —— I was made to laugh by him. 二、现在分词或现在分词短语作宾语补足语 现在分词或现在分词短语作宾语补足语，表示宾语补足语是一个正在进行和发生的动作，具有一定的描述性。例如： a. Did you hear me singing an English song at this time last night? b. I saw him watching TV when I came back from school yesterday. c.When Edison’s father came into the room, he saw Edison sitting on some eggs. d. Who makes the baby crying?
分词做主语补足语
非谓语动词和谓语动词都表示动作,但两者的性质,地位不同。非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。此处重点讲解分词作主语补足语的情况。 难点形成原因： 1.分不清什么是补足语。 2.分不清何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词。 3.遇到时容易和其他知识点混淆。 4.练得不多、用得不熟。 解决办法： 通过练习强化，多做题,通过做练习，慢慢渗透。 用法讲解： 一、概念 分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。具体地说，主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动态句子中的主语补足语。先了解宾语补足语，则很容易了解主语补足语。 宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。 句型：及物动词+宾语（n./pron.）+ 宾语补足语（n./ adj./ adv./ to do/ -ing/ -ed/ 介词短语共7种表示法） 该句型若变成被动语态，即将宾语提到句首作主语，原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在被动语态中起到补充说明主语的作用，所以改称主语补足语。例如： A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.（2003年全国卷）此句中 smoking 是主语 he的补足语，所以称为主语补足语。 A cook will be immediately fired if someone finds him smoking in the kitchen. 此句中 smoking 是宾语 him 的补足语，所以称为宾语补足语。 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语（宾语）补足语 分词作主语（宾语）补足语时，若主语（宾语）与分词之间是主动关系，则用现在分词表示主动；如果主语（宾语）与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词表示被动。例如： He was heard singing in the next room. He was singing. 主语 he 与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系, 故用现在分词 singing。 One of the glasses was found broken. One of the glasses was broken. 主语 one of the glasses 与补足语“打破”之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词 broken。 Don't leave the water running while you brush your teeth.（2004年天津卷） The water is running. 宾语 the water 与补足语“淌”之间是主动关系，故用现在分 词 running。 三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词
过去分词作宾补用法归纳
过去分词作宾补用法归纳 英语中过去分词可作宾补，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如： She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态。) 一．?过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。 Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time. Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.(谚语：少说多看） Don't leave such an important thing undone. Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time. 二．过分词用在get,have,make, 的后面。 1.注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况： A）表"让某人做某事/让某事（被人）做" eg: I have had my bike repaired. The villagers had many trees planted just then. B)表"遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受....影响，蒙受..... 损失" Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month. The old man had his leg broken in the accident. He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986) 2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如： They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English. I raised my voice to make myself heard. 三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to ,feel,find等后面。如 When we got to school,we saw the door locked. We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops. He felt himself cheated. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.(NMET2000) 四、过去分词用在want,wish,like ,expect等表示“希望，愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如 The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment. I would like my house painted white.
过去分词作宾语补足语
概念引入 上个单元我们学习了过去分词作表语和定语的用法。现在我们继续学习过去分词作宾语补足语。看这些句子： 1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. 2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful government. 3. You find most of the population settled in the south. 4. They found the window broken. 5. ..., so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line. 这些句子中的黑体部分都是过去分词作宾语补足语。 用法讲解 什么是宾语补足语 英语中一些动词除需要一个宾语外，还需有宾语补足语句子意义才完整，这样就构成了英语的六种基本句型（见【补充】）中的“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型。宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。可作补足语的结构有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。宾语和其宾语补足语也被称为复合结构。 1. 作补足语的词语： 1）We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我们认为他是一个好老师。 （名词短语作宾语补足语，相当于省略了to be） 2）I find learning English difficult. 我发现学英语很难。 （形容词作宾语补足语） 3）I saw the kite up and down. 我看见风筝飞上飞下。 （副词作宾语补足语） 4）When he woke up, he found himself in a strange place. 他醒来时发现自己在一个陌生的地方。 （介词短语作宾语补足语） 5）Tom made the girl cry. 汤姆把女孩弄哭了。 (省略不定式符号to的动词不定式） 6）The father found his son playing in his room. 父亲发现儿子在房间里玩。 （动词-ing形式做宾语补足语） 7）The soft music makes us relaxed. 这首柔美的音乐使我们放松了。
现在分词作宾补的20个常用动词
现在分词作宾补的20个常用动词 bring sb. doing sth.引起某人做某事 catch sb. doing sth.碰上（撞上）某人做某事 discover sb. doing sth.发现某人做某事 feel sb. doing sth.感觉某人做某事 find sb. doing sth.碰上（撞上）某人做某事 get sb. doing sth.使某人做某事 have sb. doing sth.使某人做某事 hear sb. doing sth.听见某人做某事 keep sb. doing sth.使某人不停地做某事 listen to sb. doing sth.听某人做某事 look at sb. doing sth.看着某人做某事 notice sb. doing sth.注意到某人做某事 observe sb. doing sth.观察某人做某事 prevent sb. doing sth.阻止某人做某事 see sb. doing sth.看见某人做某事 send sb. doing sth.使某人（突然）做某事 set sb. doing sth.使（引起）某人做某事 start sb. doing sth.使某人开始做某事 stop sb. doing sth.阻止某人做某事 watch sb. doing sth.观五、接动词原形作宾补的11个常用动词feel sb. do sth.感觉某人做某事 have sb. do sth.使某人做某事 hear sb. do sth.听见某人做某事 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 listen to sb. do sth.听着某人做某事
现在分词、过去分词作定语、状语、宾补的区别
现在分词、过去分词作定语、宾语补足语、状语时的区别 （一）现在分词\过去分词作定语的区别. The mobile phone lying on the desk belongs to me. =The mobile phone which is lying on the desk belongs to me. （the mobile phone 和lie为主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词） The injured suffering from the shock in the traffic accident were lying in the hospital. =The injured who suffered from the shock in the traffic accident were lying the hospital。 （the injured 和suffer 为主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词） The house built 50 years ago will be pulled soon. =The house which was built 50 years ago will be pulled soon. （the house 和build为动宾关系，即被动关系，故用过去分词） The mobile phone laid on the desk belongs to me. =The mobile phone which is laid on the desk belongs to me. （the mobile phone 和lay 为动宾关系，即被动关系，故用过去分词） 小试牛刀: 1.The student ________________( speak) to the teacher now is our moniter. 2.The problem _______________( discuss) yesterday is of great importance. 3.The machine ________________( repair ) yesterday is broken again. 4..The guests ________________(invite) to the meeting were all specialists. 5.China is a country _______________(belong )to the 3rd world. 6 .He lives in the house _______________( face ) the north. 7.The temple ________________( stand ) on the top of the hill was built 500 years ago. 8.The students ________________( want ) to join the club will gather at the gate. 9.The car ____________________(make ) in Japan is of high quality. 10.A checking delegation ( 代表团)______________( consist ) of 5 people are visiting our school. A checking delegation ( 代表团)_____________( make) up of 5 people are visiting our school. 11. The student________________( focus )on his lesson is best in our class. The student _______________ ( lose )in his lesson is best in our class. 12.Can you see the boy _________________ ( dress )in a red shirt? Can you see the boy __________________( wear ) a red shirt? 13.The students ____________________( sit ) in Row I see the blackboard clearly The students __________________( seat ) in Row I see the blackboard clearly. 14. The country _____________ ( lie ) to the east of Shandong Peninsula (半岛) is South Korea. The country _____________(locate ) to the east of Shandong Peninsula (半岛) is South Korea. ( 辅助信息:Our school is located in the centre of the town) （二）现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别 find ，make，feel，keep，leave，have ，see，observe，notice，watch，hear 。。。但其中make，have ，see ，observe，notice，watch，hear后也可：V +O+do sth。 Can you hear somebody singing in the next room? （宾语somebody 和sing 为主谓关系，故用现在分词） I often hear this song sung in English. （宾语this song 和sing 为动宾关系，故用过去分词） He let out my secret. He made it known to all.（宾语it和know为动宾关系，故用过去分词） I have had my heart examined.（宾语my heart和examine为动宾关系，故用过去分词） When she saw his son sitting in the last row, she felt very disappointed. ( 宾语his son 和sit 为主谓关系，故用现在分词）When she saw her son seated in the last row, she felt very disappointed. （seat vt.使sb 坐下，her son 是seat逻辑宾语，即为动宾关系，故用过去分词。辅助信息：Her son was seated in the row ）I found him focusing on his book, so I didn’t disturb him.
宾语补足语讲解(整理)
初中英语语法：宾语补足语 一、宾语补足语的概念 某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。而复合宾语的第一部分通常由名词或代词充当，第二部分表示第一部分的名词或代词发出的动作或身份、特征等，称为宾语补足语。 句子结构是：主+谓+宾+宾补 I'm going to paint it pink. 句子中的it显然是宾语。主语将要做的并不是it，而是paint it pink。pink 是句子中的宾语补足语。它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说从逻辑上来讲，是执行了paint的动作。 二、宾语补足语与双宾语的区别 宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的，双宾语是同等地位的宾语，二者在本质上是不同的。 1、比如pass me the book中，me是间接宾语，指人，也是近宾语；the book是直接宾语，指物，也是远宾语。又如：They gave him a watch. 这里的him 是间接宾语, a watch 是直接宾语，这种间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现的情况叫双宾语。 常用宾语：常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read等。 2、在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。 比如说： I heard Jean singing this morning. 句子中的Jean显然是宾语。但是主语I听到的并不是Jean，而是Jean singing。singing 是句子中的宾语补足语。它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说从逻辑上来讲，是Jean执行了singing的动作。句子中的singing是现在分词做宾语补足语。 三、宾语补足语的各种形式 能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有：不定式，现在分词，过去分词，形容词，副词，介宾短语等。一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。 比如： I find learning English difficult. (difficult是形容词做宾补） I saw the kite up and down. （up and down是副词做宾补） Tom made the girl cry. (cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定式） 1、名词或代词宾格+名词 They named the baby Jim. We call him Tom. 2、名词或代词宾格+形容词