中学英语近义词辨析200组

中学英语近义词辨析200组

1. clothes, cloth, clothing

clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2. incident, accident

incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.

3. amount, number

amount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词a number of students

4. family, house, home

home 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one.

5. sound, voice, noise

sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.

6. photo, picture, drawing

photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画

Let's go and see a good picture.

7. vocabulary, word

vocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary.

8. population, people

population人口，人数，people具体的人China has a large population.

9. weather, climate

weather一天具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.

10. road, street, path, way

road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径

take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.

11. course, subject

course课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course

12. custom, habit

custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.

13. cause, reason

cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late

14. exercise, exercises, practice

exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习

Practice makes perfect.

15. class, lesson

作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. lesson 6; class 5

16. speech, talk, lecture

speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲课a series of lecture on…

17. officer, official

officer部队的军官，official政府官员an army officer

18. work, job

二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数a good job

19. couple, pair

couple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西a pair of trousers

20. country, nation, state, land

country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家The whole nation was sad at the news.

21. cook, cooker

cook厨师，cooker厨具He is a good cook.

22. damage, damages

damage不可数名词, 损害，损失; damages复数形式, 赔偿金$900 damages

23. police, policeman

police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察The police are questioning everyone in the house.

24. problem, question

problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer 连用

25. man, a man

man人类，a man一个男人Man will conquer nature.

26. chick, chicken

二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉The chicken is delicious.

27. telegram, telegraph

当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的a telegram, by telegraph

28. trip, journey, travel, voyage

travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行a three-day trip

29. sport, game

sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则His favorite sport is swimming.

30. price, prize

price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金win the first prize The price is high/low.

31. a number of, the number of

a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing.

32. in front of, in the front of

in front of围外的前面，in the front of围的前面In the front of the room sits a boy.

33. of the day, of a day

of the day每一天的，当时的，当代的，of a day暂时的，不长久的a famous scientist of the day

34. three of us, the three of us

three of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and

I went to the cinema.

35. by bus, on the bus

by bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表围They went there by bus.

36. for a moment, for the moment

for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时Thinking for a moment, he agreed.

37. next year, the next year

next year将来时间状语，the next year过去将来时间状语

He said he would go abroad the next year.

38. more than a year, more than one year

more than a year一年多，more than one year超过一年（两年或三年等）

39. take advice, take the(one's) advice

take advice征求意见，take the advice接受忠告He refused to take the advice and failed again.

40. take air, take the air

take air传播，走漏，take the air到户外去，散步We take the air every day.

41. in a word, in words

in a word总之，一句话，in words口头上In a word, you are right.

42. in place of, in the place of

in place of代替，in the place of在…地方A new building is built in the place of the old one.

43. in secret, in the secret

in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；in the secret知道情，知道秘密，

一般用作表语My mother was in the secret from the beginning.

44. a girl, one girl

a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一个女孩Can one girl carry such a big box?

45. take a chair, take the chair

take a chair相当于sit down坐下，take the chair开始开会

46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea

go to sea当海员，出航，by sea乘船，由海路，by the sea在海边go by sea

47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher

the doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师the doctor and teacher is

48. in office, in the office

in office在职的，in the office在办公室里He is in office, not out of office.

49. in bed, on the bed

in bed卧在床上，on the bed在床上The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.

50. in charge of, in the charge of

in charge of管理，负责照料，in the charge of由……照料He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.

51. in class, in the class

in class在课上，in the class在班级里He is the best student in the class.

52. on fire, on the fire

on fire着火,on the fire在火上Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.

53. out of question, out of the question

out of question毫无疑问的，out of the question不可能的

54. a second, the second

a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.

55. by day, by the day

by day白天，by the day按天计算The workers are paid by the day.

56. the people, a people

the people指人，a people指民族The Chinese is a peace-loving people.

57. it, one

it同一物体，one同类不同一I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.

58. that, this

that指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的I was ill. That's why…

59. none, nothing, no one

none强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人

--- How many…/How much…? --- None.

60. anyone, any one

anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you

61. who, what

who指或关系，what指职业或地位What is your dad? He is a teacher.

62. what, which

what的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定围进行选择

Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?

63. other, another

other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数other students, another student

64. not a little, not a bit

not a little非常，not a bit一点也不I'm not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。

65. many, much, a lot of

many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句I haven't many books.66. much more…than, many more…than

much more…than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more…than后接可数名词many more people, much more water, much more beautiful

67. no, not

no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water

68. no more than, not more than

no more than相当于only，仅仅，只有，not more than 至多，不超过

69. majority, most

majority只能修饰可数名词，most可数不可数均可the majority of people

70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself

by oneself单独的，独自的，for oneself为自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，

自动的The door opened of itself.

71. at all, after all

at all根本，全然, after all到底，毕竟After all he is a child.

72. tall, high

tall常指人或动物，high常指物体He is tall.

73. fast, quickly

fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快run fast, answer the question quickly

74. high, highly

high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的think highly of

75. healthy, healthful

healthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的healthful exercise

76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy

sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的

a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.

77. gold, golden

gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish a gold ring

78. most, mostly

most用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，

mostly大部分,是副词most people, the people are mostly…

79. just, very

just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语the very man, just the man

80. wide, broad

wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders

81. real, true

real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合real gold, a true story

82. respectful, respectable

respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的be respectful to the aged

83. outwards, outward

二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词an outward voyage

84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，

pleasing主语常为物a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.

85. understanding, understandable

understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的

an understanding girl, an understandable mistake

86. close, closely

close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地closely connected, stand close

87. ill, sick

ill做表语，sick定，表均可a sick boy

88. good, well

good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词He is well again.

89. quiet, silent, still

quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。

90. hard, hardly

hard努力，hardly几乎不work hard I can hardly believe it.

91. able, capable

able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用He is capable of doing…

92. almost, nearly

二者均为"几乎,差不多" 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody

93. late, lately

late迟，晚，lately最近，近来I haven't seen him lately.

94. living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的all the living people=all the people alive

95. excited, exciting

excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的I'm excited. The news is exciting.

96. deep, deeply

deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地deeply moved, dig deep

97. aloud, loud

aloud出声地，loud大声地read aloud(出声地读)

98. worth, worthy

二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done

It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.

99. bad, badly

bad形容词，badly副词，不好，但与need, want, require连用为"很，非常" go bad

I need the book badly.

100. before long, long before

before long不久以后，long before很久以前not long before = before long

101. quite, rather

quite完全地，相当于pletely, rather修饰比较级quite impossible

102. happy, glad

happy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语a happy girl

103. instead, instead of

instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中

He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV.He watched TV instead of seeing a film.

104. too much, much too

too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词much too heavy

105. be about to, be going to, be to do

be about to表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，be going to 侧重打算，想法，

be to do侧重意志，计划，安排I'm to meet him.(含双方事先约好的意思)

106. raise, rise

raise及物动词，rise不及物动词The sun rises in the east.

107. bring, take, carry, fetch

bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作fetch a box of chalk

108. spend, take, pay, cost

spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间;

pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱

109. join, join in, take part in

join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；

take part in 参加大型的活动He joined the army five years ago.

110. learn, study

learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究

study the problem

111. want, hope, wish

want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that… wish希望（通常不能实现）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.

英语常用同义词近义词

英语常用同义词近义词、短语辨析 1.idea, concept, conception, thought, notion, impression 这些名词均有“思想、观点、观念”之意。 idea: 最普通常用词，几乎适用于任何方面的思维活动。 concept: 指从众多实例中通过概括、归纳而形成的对事物本质、全貌及其内部联系 的概念或看法。如：A small baby has no concept of right and wrong.婴儿没有是非概念. It was Aristotle who proved the world is round. Plato popularized the concept.亚里士多德证明了地球是圆的，柏拉图普及了这一概念。 conception: （概念、观念、思想）通常指个人或一些人所持有的具体概念或念头，也可指概念的形成过程，含一定的想象和感情色彩意味。如：He’s got a really strange conception of friendship. 他对友谊有一种非常独特的见解。 ancient Greek thought古希腊思想； lost/deep in thought陷入思索中/在沉思中，如：Derek was staring out of the window, lost in thought. Derek凝视着窗外，陷入了沉思。 thought: 指以推理、思考等智力活动为基础的心理思维活动及其结果。如：Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, “三个代表”之英文表达法——摘自CNN 'THE THREE REPRESENTS' Theory first raised by President Jiang Zemin in early 2000. Communist party must: 1 - Represent most advanced productive forces, including private business. 代表中国先进社会生产力的发展要求 2 - Represent the most advanced culture. 代表中国先进文化的前进方向 3 - Represent fundamental interests of the broad masses (i.e. not merely a "revolutionary party" but one that stands for all Chinese.) 代表中国最广大人民的根本利益 notion: 尤指错误或模糊的概念、想法；无可靠的基础，未经深思熟虑的观点。 misguided notions of male superiority男尊女卑的错误观点，突然的念头，奇想notion to do sth At midnight she had a sudden to go to the beach.半夜里她突发奇想要去海滩。 impression: 指外部刺激在思想中所产生的印象。尤指（对人、事的）印象；感想，常接of, 如：What’s your impression of Frank as a boss? 你对身为老板的Frank印象如何？

常见的英文近义词辨析一百组

常见的英文近义词辨析100组 1、abide,adhere,conform,comply“遵守”。 abide v.后接by表示“遵守，同意”。 I will abide by the director'decision.我将遵从主任的决定。 adhere v.后接to表示“遵守”。(当然adhere一词的其它意思如“坚持；粘附”也经常被考到。) Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving.汽车司机必须遵守驾驶规则。 conform v.后接to表示“遵守，符合”。 All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their governments.每个人都应该遵守政府制订的法律。comply v.后接with表示“遵守，服从”，用于正式的场合。 Our company complies with governmental regulations on paying taxes.我们公司遵守政府有关纳税的规定。 2、abnormal,uncommon,disordered“反常的” abnormal a.不正常的，反常的(但并非罕见)，指行为或现象(如气候)的异常。 His body temperature has been abnormal for3days,the highest point reaching40.5degree centigrade.他的体温三天来一直都不正常，最高的时候达到40.5摄氏度。(尽管身体发烧不正常，但生活中也时有发生。) uncommon a.罕见的，不平常的，指很少经历或很少见到的状况；特别的，出色的。 Hurricanes are uncommon in England.飓风在英国非常罕见。 That is uncommon instant coffee;it tastes great!那速溶咖啡质量上乘，味道好极了！ disordered a.混乱的，杂乱的；(精神或身体)有病的。 We couldn't understand her disordered presentation.我们听不明白她条理不清的陈述。 3、abolish,cancel,eliminate,dispose,erase,exclude,extinguish都有“取消，除掉”的意思。 abolish v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除；完全破坏。 The government abolished the tax on alcohol.政府取消了酒税。 cancel v.对预先安排的某种活动(如旅行、计划、会议等)的取消；删去(字、句)。 The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu.会议由于流感而取消了。 eliminate v.指消除、淘汰已经存在但是现在不需要的东西。 The losing team was eliminated from further competition.失利的那个队被淘汰了，不能参加下一阶段的比赛。 The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the intestine.医生帮助他排出肠中毒素。 dispose v.处理，处置；表示“除掉、扔掉”时常与of连用。(这一点需要注意。) After your picnic,please dispose of the litter.野餐后请清除掉垃圾。 erase v.除去，擦掉，指有意识地除去字迹、声音等。 I erased the music on the tape before recording on the tape again.我在往磁带上录音之前先消掉了上面的音乐。exclude v.排斥；排除，不包括在内，与include互为反义词。 The restaurant excludes anyone who is not properly dressed from entering.衣冠不整者不得进入该餐馆。extinguish v.熄灭，扑灭(火)；使沉默，使暗淡。 Firefighters extinguished a big fire.消防队员扑灭了大火。 4、abstract,digest,outline,summary“要点，摘要” abstract n.概要，摘要，尤其指对学术论文或法律论据作的简述。 I have read the abstract of his book.我已经读了他书的概要。 digest n.(篇幅较长的)摘要，文摘，它是对原文的浓缩而不是对原文的简单解释，浓缩后仍保持原文的顺序、重点和风格。 Reader's Digest《读者文摘》 outline n.要点，大纲，概要。 She made an outline of ideas she wanted to present in her talk.她把自己要谈的想法列了一个提纲。 summary n.总结，摘要，指用寥寥数语概括文章或者讲话的要点，不考虑原文的风格。 5、absurd,ridiculous,silly都有“愚蠢，可笑”的意思。 absurd a.荒谬的，可笑的，指因不符合常识、违反真理或不合逻辑而令人发笑。 There was an absurd idea that the earth was flat and motionless.过去曾经有一种荒谬的观点认为地球呈扁平状而且静止不动。 ridiculous a.荒唐可笑的，指因为愚昧无知而令人发笑并成为笑柄，含有蔑视成分。 It is ridiculous to judge a foreign culture only by its food.仅仅根据一个国家的饮食来评价该国家的文化是荒唐可笑的。silly a.愚蠢的，傻的，指由于单纯或者头脑简单而显得愚蠢。 a silly little boy傻小子

英语近义词辨析

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关于这一点，她什么也没有对我讲。 *speak 当及物动词用时，宾语一般是语言或词语之类的词。如: does anyone speak english here? 这儿有人会说英语吗？ 2、good well nice good 形容词，好的，合适的，新鲜的，擅长的。 well 作形容词时，指"(身体）健康的”；还可用作副词，修饰动词。nice形容词，美好的，令人愉快的，可爱的，特指取悦感官的事物。she is good at english.她擅长英语。 this cake tastes good.这蛋糕好吃。 his mother is very well.他妈妈很健康。 she is a nice little girl.她是个可爱的小姑娘。 3、look see watch read 看 look通常为不及物动词，强调“看”的动作，指“认真看”，强调看的对象时，后须接介词at才能带宾语，即look at。 see是及物动词侧重于看的结果“看见，看到” watch 作动词，意为“观看，注视”，多指观看运动着的事物，如电视、比赛、表演等。 read 主要强调“读，阅读，朗读”，汉语中常译成“看”，多指看书、报、杂志。 look！the man is coming！看！那个男的来了。 look at the map .看这张地图。 can you see the dog over there？你能看见那儿的狗吗？

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