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北京理工大学考博英语阅读理解摘录Part B

Directions:

In the following article,some sentences have been removed.For

Questions41-45,choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to

fit into each of the numbered blanks.There are two extra choices,

which do not fit in any of the blanks.Mark your answers on ANSWER

SHEET 1.(10points)

The time for sharpening pencils,arranging your desk,and doing

almost anything else instead of writing has ended.The first draft

will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and

sit,stand up,or lie down to write.(41)

（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) Be flexible.Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one

point to the next,but do not permit it to railroad you.If a relevant

and important idea occurs to you now,work it into the draft.(42)

Grammar,punctuation,and spelling can wait until you revise.

Concentrate on what you are saying.Good writing most often occurs

when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search

for errors.

(43)Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way,and,

if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere,you will not

lose any writing on the other side.

If you are working on a word processor,you can take advantage

of its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entire

paragraphs by making just a few simple keyboard commands.Some software programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your writing.(44)These printouts are also easier to read than the screen when you work on revisions.

Once you have a first draft on paper,you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing.The student who wrote “The A&P as a State of Mind”wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women.(45)

Remember that your initial draft is only that.You should go through the paper many times-and then again-working to substantiate and clarify your ideas.You may even end up with several entire versions of the paper.Rewrite.The sentences within each paragraph should be related to a single topic.Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts. Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.

[A]To make revising easier,leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily add words,sentences,and corrections.Write on only one side of the paper.

[B]After you have clearly and adequately developed the body of your paper,pay particular attention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs.It’s probably best to write the introduction

last,after you know precisely what you are introducing.Concluding paragraphs demand equal attention because they leave the reader with a final impression.

[C]It’s worth remembering,however,that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look terrific,it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it.Many writers prudently store their data on disks and print their pages each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any material because of power failures or other problems.

[D]It makes no difference how you write,just so you do.Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis,you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.

[E]Although this is an interesting issue,it has nothing to do with the thesis,which explains how the setting influences Sammy’s decision to quit his job.Instead of including that paragraph,she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A&P“policy”he enforces.

[F]In the final paragraph about the significance of the setting in“A&P,”the student brings together the reasons Sammy quit his job by referring to his refusal to accept Lengel’s store policies.

[G]By using the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say,you will very likely discover more than your notes originally suggested.Plenty of good writers don’t use outlines at all but discover ordering principles as they write.Do not attempt

to compose a perfectly correct draft the first time around.

Part C

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10points)

In his autobiography,Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty.He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely,but(46)he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence,and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit,such as distinguished Huxley.(47)He asserted,also,that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited,for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. His memory,too,he described as extensive,but hazy.So poor in one sense was it that he never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry.(48)On the other hand,he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer,he had no power of reasoning.This,he thought,could not be true,because the“Origin of Species”is one long argument from the beginning to the end,and has convinced many

able men.No one,he submits,could have written it without possessing some power of reasoning.He was willing to assert that“I have a fair share of invention,and of common sense or judgment,such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have,but not,I believe,in any higher degree.”(49)He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention,and in observing them carefully.”

Writing in the last year of his life,he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years.Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great pleasure.Formerly,too,pictures had given him considerable,and music very great,delight.In1881, however,he said:“Now for many years I cannot endure to read a line of poetry.I have also almost lost my taste for pictures or music.”

(50)Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only

a loss of happiness,but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.

本文由“育明考博”整理编辑

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