2020届中考英语专题复习考点专项突破 考点10 情态动词(含解析)

2020届中考英语专题复习考点专项突破

考点10 情态动词

命题趋势：

情态动词是初中英语里的一个重要的语法项目，也是全国各省市中考试题的考查热点。在备战2020年中考时，考生要牢记情态动词的结构和意义以及其表示推测时的用法，多做练习，在实践中加以区分。

中考考查重点：

1. 情态动词的意义；

2. 情态动词的基本句型；

3. 情态动词的基本用法。

情态动词的用法

情态动词用法例句

can/could 表示能力，意为＂能，会＂

I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英语读这

句话。

表示许可时，意为＂可以，能够

＂，相当于may

She said that I could use her computer. 她说我可以使

用她的电脑。

用于推测，表示可能性，意为＂可

能＂，could比can更加不肯定，多

用于否定或疑问句

The man can’t be our teacher — he has gone to Beijing.

那个男人不可能是我们的老师，他去北京了。

There is someone outside — who can it be? 有人在外

面，可能是谁呢？

【知识拓展】

1. can的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes, ...can；否定回答用No, ...can’t。

—Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗?

—Yes, I can. 是的，我会。/No, I can’t 不，我不会。

have to borrow some from my friend. 我

身上没带钱，只好向朋友借点了。

She went to Hangzhou by train last night. She _____________ be at home now.

A. must not

B. may not

C. can’t

【答案】C

【解析】情态动词表示推侧，由前句她去了杭州可知，此处表示她不可能在家，故用can’t表示否定推测。

1.（2019 ?山东省滨州市）—Mum, it’s too hot. ____________ I swim in the lake?

—No, you ___________. That’s too dangerous!

A. Should; can’t

B. Need; mustn’t

C. Must; needn’t

D. Could; mustn’t

2.（2019 ?湖南省郴州市）—May I take the magazine out of the reading room?

—No, you ____________. Please read it here

A. mustn’t

B. wouldn’t

C. needn’t

3.（2019 ?甘肃省敦煌市）—Whose cap is this? Is it Cindy’s?

—It ____________ be hers. Don’t you remember she even didn’t come to the party?

A. can’t

B. might

C. may not

D. must

4.（2019 ?江苏省淮安）—Will you stay here for dinner with us?

—Sorry, I ____________. My mother is waiting for me at home.

A. mustn’t

B. can’t

C. needn’t

D. couldn’t

5.（2019 ?甘肃省兰州市）The magazine ____________ Lucy’s. We can see her name on the cover.

A. mustn’t be

B. can’t be

C. must be

D. needn’t be

6.（2019 ?乐山市）—Where is Monica? I can’t find her anywhere.

—She ____________ be in the library. She loves reading books when she is free.

A. must

B. need

C. can’t

7.（2019 ?江苏省连云港市）According to the notice, guests at this hotel ____________ use the sports center at no

extra cost.

A. can

B. should

C. must

D. need

8.（2019 ?临沂市）Ants are pretty small. You might think that they ____________ be rather weak. But what you might not know is that ants are actually very strong for their size.

A. need

B. can’t

C. must

9.（2019 ?四川省南充市）—Mum, may I play computer games this evening?

—No way, you ____________ finish your homework.

A. can

B. must

C. may

D. will

10.（2019 ?山东省青岛市）As middle school students, we ____________ follow the public rules wherever we go.

A. would

B. should

C. might

D. could

11.（2019 ?江苏省苏州市）—Some people don’t show their talents at the very beginning.

—I agree. Even Einstein ____________ read until he was seven.

A. can’t

B. mustn’t

C. couldn’t

D. needn’t

12.（2019 ?泰州市）—This task is really beyond me.

—Well, if you _________ solve it, you won’t get paid.

A. can’t

B. needn’t

C. mustn’t

D. shouldn’t

13.（2019 ?温州市）We don’t allow taking magazines out, but you ____________ copy the article you need on the

machine over there.

A. can

B. must

C. should

D. would

14.（2019 ?湖北省武汉市）—Try this soup —you ____________ like it,

—Wow! This is delicious!

A. must

B. will

C. shall

D. can

15.（2019 ?湖北省孝感市）—May I join the art club, Dad?

—If you have interest, you ____________.

A. should

B. can

C. have to

D. must

16.（2019 ?江苏省宿迁市）—Mum, may I go to see a film with my cousin?

—You ____________ go if you have finished your homework.

A. must

B. need

C. should

D. can

17.（2019 ?北京）—Lily, ____________ you finish the letter in ten minutes?

—Yes, I can.

A. must

B. should

C. need

D. can

18.（2019 ?广东省）Dirty air and water are harmful. They ____________ kill plants, and even people.

A. can

B. can’t

C. should

D. shouldn’t

19.（2019 ?河南）Jerry didn’t pay me back, but he promised that he ____________ this Sunday.

A. must

B. could

C. would

D. should

20.（2019 ?四川省成都市）—Is that Tom over there?

—It ____________ be him. He is on the plane to Chengdu now.

A. can’t

B. might not

C. must

21.（2019 ?天津）You ____________ walk on the wet hill path because you ____________ fall and hurt yourself.

A. must；might not

B. mustn’t；might

C. needn’t；need

D. must；must

22.（2019 ?广东省）Dirty air and water are harmful. They ____________ kill plants, and even people.

A. can

B. can’t

C. should

D. shouldn’t

1. （湖北省武汉市华师一附中光谷分校2018—2019学年度下学期5月考）—Do you know where Colin is? I

couldn’t find him anywhere.

—He have gone far. His coat is still here.

A. mustn’t

B. shouldn’t

C. can’t

D. needn’t

2.（天津市和平区2018—2019学年度第二学期九年级第二次质量调查）—I’m a little tired. Let’s go to the zoo

by taxi.

—We take a taxi. It’s no t far from here.

A. can’t

B. needn’t

C. couldn’t

D. mustn’t

3.（江苏省徐州市市区2018—2019学年度第二学期期中联校检测）—Must I go to medical school and be a

doctor like you, Dad?

—No, you , son. You’re free to make your own decision.

A. can’t

B. shouldn’t

C. needn’t

D. mustn’t

4. （天津市河西区2018-2019学年度初中毕业生学业考试）Nowadays, some robots are very humanlike. They

even dance.

A. can

B. must

C. need

D. have to

5. （北京市房山区2019届九年级下学期期中检测一模）—Must we leave the library before 5 o’clock?—No, you . You can stay here until 5:30.

A. needn’t

B. can’t

C. mustn’t

D. shouldn’t

6. （天津市东丽区2018—2019学年度九年级英语第二次模拟）—Look! The man at the gate be

our headmaster. He is always standing there every morning.

—No, it be him. He is holding a meeting in the office now.

A. must; can’t

B. must; mustn’t

C. can’t; can’t

D. can’t; mustn’t

7. （天津市西青区2019年初中毕业生学业考试）The dictionary at the Lost and Found office be

Tim’s, because his name is on its corner.

A. can

B. can’t

C. must

D. mustn’t

8. （广东省中山市2019年4月初中学生学业水平考试模拟）—I return the book today, Mr. Lin?

—No, you ________. You can keep it for two days.

A. May; mustn’t

B. Must; mustn’t

C. Must; needn’t

D. Can; shouldn’t

9. （海南省海口市海口四中、海口十四中2019届九年级中考模拟）—Is Tony knocking at the door?

—No, it be Tony. He has gone to Sanya.

A. mustn’t

B. can’t

C. won’t

10. （江苏省扬州市邗江区2019届九年级下学期第一次模拟考试）—Must I bring my student card every time I

enter the library?

—I’m afraid you . The library is open only to teachers and students in our school.

A. have to

B. mustn’t

C. need

D. don’t have to

真题再现

1. D【解析】句意：——妈妈，太热了。我能在湖里游泳吗？——不，你不能，那太危险了。考查情态动词

辨析。第一个空，根据Mum, it’s too hot. ____ I swim in the lake?可知句意为＂妈妈，太热了。我能在

湖里游泳吗？＂表示征询意见，委婉的请求，用could；第二个空，根据前面的No，以及后面的That’s too dangerous!可知应是＂不可以＂，表示禁止用mustn’t，故选D。

2. A【解析】句意：——我可以把杂志从阅览室里拿出来吗？——不，你禁止。请在这儿读它。A. mustn’t

禁止；B. wouldn’t不会；C. needn’t不必。对于May开头的一般疑问句，做否定回答要用must+not。

根据题意，故选A。

3. A【解析】句意：——这是谁的帽子？是辛迪的吗？——一定不是她的，你不记得了吗？她甚至都没来参

加派对。A.一定不是（表示否定推测）；B.可能；C.可能不；D.一定（表示肯定推测）。根据

she even didn’t come to the party可知，她甚至都没来参加派对，所以帽子一定不是她的，故选A。【点睛】

情态动词表推测的词有：must（一定）具有100%的可能性；may（可能），具有20%—80%的可能性；might （可能），may的过去式，可能性比may小；may not（可能不）；can’t（一定不），具有0%的可能性。

4. B【解析】句意：——你愿意留下来和我们一起吃晚饭吗？——对不起，我不能。我的母亲正在家里等我。

A. mustn’t禁止；

B. can’t不能；

C. needn’t不必；

D. couldn’t不能。根据上文Will you stay here for dinner

with us?及Sorry可知这里是说不能，用Sorry, I can’t对不起，我不能。根据题意，故选B。

5. C【解析】句意：杂志一定是露西的。我们可以在封面上看到她的名字。A. mustn’t be一定不是；B. can’t

be不可能是；C. must be一定是；D. needn’t be不必是。本题考查肯定的推测。根据We can see her name on the cover. 我们可以在封面上看到她的名字。可知，杂志一定是露西的。因此选择must be一定是；

表示肯定的推测。故选C。

6. A【解析】句意：——莫妮卡在什么地方？我在任何地方都找不到她。——她一定在图书馆里。当空闲的

时候，她就喜欢读书。A.一定（表示肯定推测）；B.需要；C.一定不，不能（表示否定推测）。根据She loves reading books when she is free＂她有空时喜欢读书＂可知，她一定在图书馆，表示肯定推测，故选A。

【点睛】

情态动词表推测的词有：must（一定）具有100%的可能性；may（可能），具有20%—80%的可能性；might （可能），may的过去式，可能性比may小；may not（可能不）；can’t（一定不），具有0%的可能性。

7. A【解析】句意：根据通知，在这个宾馆的顾客可以不用额外地出钱就能使用体育中心。A.能，可以；B.

应该；C.必须；D.需要。根据句意可知，表示＂能使用体育中心、可以使用体育中心＂，故选A。

8. C【解析】句意：蚂蚁很小，你可能认为它们一定很软弱，但你可能不知道的是，蚂蚁的体型其实非常强

壮。need意思是需要；can’t表示否定推测；must表示肯定推测；根据句意，表示＂他们肯定很虚弱＂，所以是肯定推测，故选C。

【点睛】表示推测的词：must be表示对现在的肯定推测；can’t be表示对现在的否定推测；may/might/ could be是对现在的可能性推测。

9. B【解析】句意：——妈妈，今天晚上我可以玩电脑游戏吗？——不行，你必须完成你的作业。A. can能，

会；B. must必须；C. may可以；D. will会。根据上文Mum, may I play computer games this evening?

及回答No way可知下文用must必须。根据题意，故选B。

10. B【解析】句意：作为中学生，无论去哪里，我们都应该遵守公共规则。A. would将会；B. should应该；

C. might可能；

D. could可以。should 作为情态动词，通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务，译作

＂应该＂、＂应当＂。故答案为B。

11. C【解析】句意：——有些人在一开始并没有展示他们的才能。——我同意。爱因斯坦甚至直到七岁才

识字。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能，表示没有能力，couldn’t是其过去式；mustn’t不能，表禁止；

needn’t不需要，指没有必要。根据Some people don’t show their talents at the very beginning.可知七岁前几乎没有能力读书，根据until he was seven可知用一般过去时，故选C。

12. A【解析】句意：——这项任务的确超出了我的能力。——好吧，如果你解决不了，你就得不到报酬。

A. can’t不能；

B. needn’t不需要；

C. mustn’t一定不要，表示禁止；

D. shouldn’t不应该。根据you won’t

get paid. 你就得不到报酬。可知，前文是说：如果你解决不了的话，就得不到报酬。因此选择can’t 不能；故选A。

13. A【解析】句意：我们不允许带杂志出去，但是你可以在那边的机器上复印你需要的文章。考查情态动

词辨析。A. can可以、能够；B. must必须，一定；C. should应该；D. would将会。根据语境：我们不允许带杂志出去，但是你_____在那边的机器上复印你需要的文章。结合选项可知can符合题意，故选A。

14. B【解析】句意：——尝一下这个汤，你会喜欢上它。——哇！真美味。A. 一定，必须；B. 将要，会；

C. 应该；

D. 能。根据句意可知，第一个人让第二个人尝一下，第二个人尝完就会喜欢上这个汤，故

选B。

15. B【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——爸爸，我可以参加艺术俱乐部吗？——如果你有兴趣，你可

以。should应该，表建议；can可以/能，表许可或能力；have to必须，强调客观需要；must必须，强调主观意愿。问句may表示请求许可，根据句意语境，可知选B。

16. D【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——妈妈，我可以和我表妹去看电影吗？——你可以去如果完成

了你的家庭作业。must必须，强调主观意愿；need需要，指有必要；should应该，表建议；can可以，表许可。本句是条件状语从句，主句表示允许，根据if you have finished your homework.可知选D。

17. D【解析】句意：——Lily，你可以在十分钟之后完成这封信吗？——是的，我能。must必须；should

应该；need需要；can能，可以。根据下面的回答Yes, I can可知，一般疑问句也应用can，故选D。

18. A【解析】此处指肮脏的空气和水能够杀死植物甚至人。can意为＂能＂。

19. C【解析】情态动词。句意：杰里没有还我钱，但他答应这个星期天给我。根据句意及语境，用will合

适。另外，but后的句子为宾语从句，主句为一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态，故用will的过去式would，故选C。

20. A【解析】句意：——在那边的是汤姆吗？——不可能是他。他现在正在飞往成都的飞机上。考查情态

动词辨析。can’t不可能，表推测；might可能，也表推测，但might not表示＂可能不＂；must一定，表肯定推测。根据下文He is on the plane to Chengdu now.可知can’t符合语境，故选A。

21. B【解析】考查情态动词。句意：禁止在湿湿的山路上走，因为你可能会摔跤且伤到你自己。第一空需

要填入一个情态动词，表示"禁止"，用must n’t；第二空需要填入一个情态动词，表示"可能"，用might。

故选B。

22. A【解析】此处指肮脏的空气和水能够杀死植物甚至人。can意为＂能＂。

模拟检测

1. C【解析】句意：——你知道科林在哪里吗？我哪儿也找不到他。——他不可能走得太远。他的外套还在

这儿。考查情态动词。A. mustn’t禁止；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. can’t 不能，不可能，可表示否定推测；D. needn’t不必要，不需要。根据下文＂他的外套还在这儿＂可知是否定推测，句意是＂他不可能走得太远＂；结合句意可知can’t；选C。

2. B【解析】句意：——我有点累了，我们打车去动物园吧。——我们没有必要打车，动物园离这里不远。

A. can’t不能；

B. needn’t没必要；

C. couldn’t不能够；

D. mustn’t禁止，千万别。根据It’s not far from

here可知动物园离这里不远，所以没必要打车。故答案选B。

3. C【解析】句意：——我必须去上医学院像你一样当一个医生吗，爸爸？——不，你不必，儿子。你可以

自由地做你自己的决定。考查情态动词。A. can’t不能；B. mustn’t禁止，不允许；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. needn’t不必。对must开头的一般疑问句做否定回答，习惯用needn’t。所以选C。

4. A【解析】句意＂如今，一些机器人非常像人类，他们甚至能跳舞＂。A.能（表示现在的能力）；B.一定

（表示肯定推测）；C.需要；D.不得不。根据句意可知，译为＂他们甚至能跳舞＂，故选A。

5. A【解析】句意：我们必须在5点钟之前离开图书馆吗？不，你不必。你可以一直待到5点30分。needn’t

不必，can’t不可能，mustn’t禁止，shouldn’t不应该。Must we…?＂我们必须……吗？＂肯定回答为: Yes, you must. 否定回答为:No, you needn’t.或No, you don’t have to.根据No可知此处用否定回答，故选A。

6. A【解析】句意：——看！门口的那个人一定是我们的校长。他每天早上总是站在那里。——不，不能是

他。他正在办公室开会。must一定，必须；mustn’t不可以；can’t不可能；根据本题的前句He is always standing there every morning，可知校长总是站在门旁，那么在门旁的那个人是校长的可能性很大，故用must；再根据He is holding a meeting in the office now，可知校长正在开会，那么在门旁的那个人不可能是校长，故用can’t，表不可能。故选A。

7. C【解析】句意：在失物招领处的字典一定是蒂姆的，因为他的名字在书角。考查情态动词。A. can能，

会；B. can’t不能，不可以；C. must一定，必须；D. mustn’t禁止。Must可表示肯定推测，表示否定推测使用can’t。根据下文＂因为他的名字在书角＂可知＂在失物招领处的词典一定是蒂姆的＂；

可知填must；选C。

8. C【解析】句意：——林先生，我今天必须还书吗?——不,你不必。你可以借两天。考查情态动词辨析。

may和can可以/能，用于请求许可；must一定，强调必要性。return归还，根据句意语境，可知问句强调＂必须＂，需用must；而must引起的一般疑问句，否定回答需用needn’t或have not to，这是习惯用法，故选C。

9. B【解析】句意：——是Tony在敲门吗？——不，不可能是Tony。他去三亚了。本题考查情态动词。A.

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