英语构词法练习题基础篇

英语构词法练习题

一、基础练习

A: 名词后加“y”变成形容词

sun---_________( ) wind ---__________( ) cloud ---__________( )

rain ---________( ) snow ---__________( ) fun---__________( )

health ---________( ) noise ---__________( ) salt---__________( )

luck ---__________( ) sleep ---__________( ) sand ---__________( )

B: 名词后加“-ful” “-less”变成形容词

care ---__________( )__________( ) use---__________( )__________( ) colour---__________( ) _________( ) help---__________( ) __________( ) hope ---__________( )__________( ) harm ---__________( ) __________( ) success---________( ) wonder---_______( ) peace---__________( )

sleep ---__________( ) home---__________( ) value---__________( )

C: 名词后加“-ern”变成形容词

east---______( )west ---_______( )south---_______( ) north---__________( ) D: 名词后加“-al”变成形容词

person---__________( )education---__________( )tradition---__________( ) medicine---__________( ) music ---__________( ) nature---__________( ) E: 名词后加“-ly”变成形容词

friend---___________( ) love---___________( ) week---__________( )

F: 名词后加“--ous”变成形容词

danger---___________( ) mystery---___________( ) fame---__________( )

G: 名词后加“-en”变成形容词

wool---___________( ) wood---___________( ) gold---__________( )

H: 名词转化为形容词的不规则变化

energy---___________( ) athlete---___________( ) hunger---___________( ) pride---___________( ) death---___________( ) science---___________( ) knowledge---___________( ) anger---___________( ) Africa---___________( ) America---___________( ) Asia---___________( ) Australia---___________( ) I:动词变名词

①work---________(工作者) sing---________(歌手) teach---_________(教师) drive---_________(司机) write---________(作家) dance---_________(舞蹈家)win---_________(获胜者) run---___________(赛跑者) swim---_________(游泳者)act---_________(演员) collect---__________(收藏家) direct---___________(主管) visit---_________(参观者) invent---_________(发明家) translate---_______ _(翻译家)

②educate---___________(教育) describe---___________(描述) predict---___________(预言)

collect---___________(收藏) invent---___________(发明) build---___________(建筑物)

③mean---___________(意思) meet---___________(会议) cross---___________(路口)

turn---___________(转弯处) decide---___________(决定) die---___________(死亡)

④fly---___________(飞行) know---___________(知识) please---___________(高兴)

pronounce---___________(发音) mix---___________(混合物)

J：形容词的两种形式—ing/—ed

please---___________(令人高兴的)---___________(感到高兴的)

surprise---___________(令人惊讶的的) ---___________(感到惊讶的)

excite---___________(令人兴奋的) ---___________(感到兴奋的)

interest---___________(令人感兴趣的)---___________( 感兴趣的)

worry---___________(令人担忧的) ---___________(感到担忧的)

amaze, annoy, bore, disappoint, embarrass, frustrate, relax, terrify, thrill, tire等

K: 形容词的变化

a: 形容词变副词。

quick---____________( ) strong---____________( ) heavy---____________( ) angry---____________( ) lucky---____________( ) healthy---____________( ) noisy---____________( ) usual---____________( ) careful---__________( ) successful---_________( ) terrible---___________( ) possible---____________( ) b: 形容词变名词。

Kind---____________( )happy---____________( )ill---____________( ) safe---____________( )confident---____________( )important---____________( ) different---____________( )true---____________( ) high---____________( ) 二、高考真题训练

1）.用所给词的正确形式填空。

1．It is ________ (legal)to drive after drinking alcohol.

2．The Chinese people are very ________ (friend)to foreigners.

3．David moved ________ (caution)forward.

4．The teacher gave them ________ (instruct)to arrive early tomorrow morning.

5．Three people have been killed in a bomb ________(explode)in northwest Spain.

6．One should have the ability to tell the ________(different)between right and wrong.

7．He is a ________ (quality)teacher who is respected by his students.

8．For many Americans the automobile is a ________(necessary)．

9．Excessive dosage(剂量)of this drug can result in ________(injure)to the liver.

10．“Thank you.” is a polite ________ (express)which is widely used in English.

2).改错练习。

1.The Milu deer are living in the wild in a natural park.

2.This blouse is fit for him at all. It’s too long and the color has run.

3.The possibly that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.

4.We must strength government of the people，by the people and for the people.

5.The sperm whale can dive to a deep of more than 1000 meters in the sea.

6.He is a very famous actress. He has played many important parts in different films.

7.Personal，I’d rather stay at home watc hing TV.

8.Because of her ill，she can’t go out for the sight-seeing.

9.Thank you for your describe of the conditions here.

10.It’s really dust in this room. It’s a long time since someone last lived in it.

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六大英语构词法详解 Document serial number【KK89K-LLS98YT-SS8CB-SSUT-SST108】

英语构词通常包括六种方法：转化法、派生法、合成法、混合法、截短法和首尾字母结合法。 一、【派生法】 英语构词法中在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀，从而构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词的方法叫作派生法。 1.前缀 除少数英语前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；英语后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。 (1)表示否定意义的前缀常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。例如： agree同意→disagree不同意 fair公平的→unfair不公平的 possible可能的→impossible不可能的 understand理解→misunderstand误解 (2)表示其他意义的前缀常用的有a-(多构成表语形容词), anti- (反对；抵抗), auto- (自动), co- (共同), en- (使), inter- (互相), re- (再；又), sub- (下面的；次；小), tele- (强调距离)等。例如： co-worker 同事，帮手 enlarge 使变大 cooperate 合作 rewrite 重写 subway 地铁

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