高中英语语法填空专项讲解

语法填空

一、基础检测

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal runners live three years________(long) than non-runners You don't have to run fast or for long________(see)the benefit You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ________（die）early by running.

While running regularly can make you live forever, the review says it ________ (be)more effective at lengthening life ________walking ,cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ________(cause).

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ……

It's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces to ________(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always ________(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits other sports, so perhaps we should all give

________a try.

二、语法填空

考点1提示词类填空

(一)词性转换

1.如果提示词在句中作定语(修饰名词)、作表语(跟在系动词后)或作宾补(表示宾语的性质状态),要用其形容词形式。注意区分以-ing和-ed结尾的形容词。

典例1 (2018课标全国Ⅰ)Running is cheap, easy and it’s always69 (energy).

解析设空处作表语,表示主语的特征,故填形容词energetic。

2.如果提示词在句中修饰动词或动词短语,修饰形容词或副词,或是修饰整个句子,要用其副词形式。

典例2 (2018课标全国Ⅱ)A taste for meat is63 (actual)behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.

解析句意:对于肉类的喜爱实际上是这一变化背后的原因:中国的玉米有很重要的一个作用,就是

用来饲养鸡、猪和牛。本题考查副词。此处需用副词作状语,故用actual的副词形式actually。

3.如果提示词在句中作主语,在及物动词或介词(短语)后作宾语,前面有冠词、形容词性物主代词或名

词所有格修饰,要用其名词形式。

典例3 (2016课标全国Ⅲ)Some people think that the great Chi-nese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 68 (develop) of chopsticks.

解析设空处之前有定冠词the修饰,其后有介词of,这里指“筷子的发展”,故填development。

实战演练（一）

1. This switch has decreased(pollute)in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

答案pollution句意:这种变化已经减少了中国主要湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水变得更安全了。本题考查名词。空格处作decreased的宾语,故使用pollute的名词形式pollution。

2.According to the World Bank, China ac-counts for about 30 percent of total (globe)fertilizer consump-tion.

答案global句意:根据世界银行的统计,中国占了全球化肥总消耗量的大约30%。本题考查形容词。空格处作fertilizer con-sumption的定语,故使用globe的形容词形式global。

3.I’m a (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.

答案scientist句意:我是研究猿和猴子等动物的科学家。本题考查名词。设空处作表语,说明主语

的身份;根据提示词science可知填scientist。

4.The Central London Railway was one of the most (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.

答案successful句意:伦敦中心地铁是这些线路中最成功的一条……。most后跟形容词组成形容词的最高级,所以答案填suc-cessful。

5....it must have been (fair) unpleasant for the passengers...

答案fairly句意:……对于顾客来说那一定是相当令人不愉快的……。此处用副词fairly修饰形容

词unpleasant。

6. It is (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.

答案certainly分析句子结构可知,此处缺少副词成分修饰形容词 fun。故正确答案为 certainly。

7.(This development was only possible with the (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.

答案introduction由空前的定冠词可知,此处需用名词形式,动词introduce去“e”加后缀-tion构成

名词形式。

8.However, be (care) not to go to ex-tremes.

答案careful结合句意及空格前的 be 可知此处应填入的是形容词,故此处应填入的是 care 的形容词形式 careful,故正确答案为 careful。

9.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which (gradual)turned into chopsticks.

答案gradually设空处单词修饰后面的turned into,所以要用其副词形式。

(二)词形变换

1.名词的单复数及所有格

如果设空处需要用名词形式,这时要注意名词的单复数以及是否用其所有格形式。

典例1 (2018课标全国Ⅰ)...a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).

解析cause作“原因”讲,为可数名词;根据设空处前的all可知设空处填名词复数形式,故填causes。

2.代词的变化

代词的种类繁多,包括人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词、指示代词等,一般提示词为代词的主格,要求考生根据语境判断该空格应该使用代词的哪种形式。侧重考查人称代词主格与宾格的用法、名词性和形容词性物主代词的用法以及反身代词的用法。

典例2 (2018课标全国Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find

68 (they)alive.

解析设空处指代从句中的the gorillas,以避免重复,故填them。

3.形容词和副词的比较等级

题干中的than是比较级的标志词,还要注意上下文中隐藏的比较关系。注意以下句式:the+比较级...,the+比较级...;the+比较级+of the two+名词;the+最高级。常用来修饰比较级的有much, even, still, far, a little, a bit等。

典例3 (2018课标全国Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long)than non-run-ners.

解析句意:根据一份医学杂志中的证据报告,跑步者比非跑步者的寿命要长3年。根据题干中的than 可知设空处须用副词比较级形式,故填longer。?

实战演练（二）

1.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,63)He screams the (loud)of all.

答案loudest句意:它尖叫的声音最大。本题考查副词最高级。根据句意及本句中的“of all”可知设空处填副词最高级,故填loudest。

2.(2017课标全国Ⅰ,66)Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.

答案worse句意:甚至更糟糕的是,人们所吃的快餐的量增加了。此处应表达的是“更糟的是”,故此处应填入 bad 的比较级 worse。

3.(2017课标全国Ⅱ,61)It ran for just under seven kilometers and al-lowed people to avoid

terrible (crowd) on the roads above...

答案crowds crowd 为可数名词,意为“人群”并且前面没有限定词,所以此处用复数形式crowds。

4.(2017课标全国Ⅲ,67)She has turned down several (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.

答案invitations根据前面的 several 可知此处应该使用名词的复数形式,故正确答案为 invitations。

5.(2016课标全国Ⅰ,68)On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected

by (it)mother.

答案its此处应用it的形容词性物主代词its来修饰名词moth-er。

6.(2016课标全国Ⅱ,61)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of (great)and less importance.

答案greater根据语境可知并列连词and连接两个形容词,修饰名词importance,因为less是比较级,所以设空处也要用其比较级形式,故填greater。

(三)谓语动词和非谓语动词

1.动词的时态和语态

分析句子结构,如果设空处单词在句中充当谓语动词,那就要考虑时态和语态了。

(1)解决时态问题的三原则:第一,充分利用句子中的时间状语;第二,充分利用题干中已有的动词时态;第三,充分把握语境。常考的时态有:一般现在时(do/does)、现在进行时(am/is/are doing)、一般过去时(did)、过去进行时(was/were doing)、现在完成时(have/has done)、过去完成时(had done)、一般将来时(will do)、将来进行时(will be doing) 和现在完成进行时(have been doing)。

典例1 (2018课标全国Ⅰ)While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it

64 (be)more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.

解析句意:虽然经常跑步不可能使你长生不老,但报告上说与走路、骑自行车或游泳相比,跑步对延长寿命更有效。设空处所在从句被用来介绍一种理论,须用一般现在时;再根据主语it及提示词be可知设空处填is。

(2)设空处单词在句中充当谓语动词,在确定时态后,再根据主语和谓语动词之间的主动和被动关系确定是否用被动语态。常考的被动语态有:一般现在时的被动语态(is/are done)、现在进行时的被动语态(is/are being done)、一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done)、过去进行时的被动语态(was/were being done)、一般将来时的被动语态(will be done)、现在完成时的被动语态(has/ have been done)、过去完成时的被动语态(had been done)。

典例2 (2016课标全国Ⅰ)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 62 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.

解析分析句子结构可知设空处为谓语动词,且与主语I之间是被动关系。根据上一句中的was可知

时态为一般过去时,所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。 was allowed

2.非谓语动词

分析句子结构,如果句子已有谓语动词,判断设空处动词与谓语动词是不是并列关系,如果不是并列

的谓语动词那就是考查非谓语动词了。

(1)动词不定式。如果设空处动词在句中作目的状语,那就要用不定式形式;如果表示一种意想不到

的结果且设空处前有only/just时,也要用不定式形式。要掌握后面跟不定式作宾语的这些动词: decide, refuse, hesitate, manage, promise, want, expect等。不定式在固定句式中的使用:It is/was+adj.+(for sb.)

to do sth.;It takes/took sb. money/time to do sth.等。

典例3 (2018课标全国Ⅰ)You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see)the benefit.

解析句意:你不必为了弄清跑步带来的好处而跑得很快、很久。由句意可知,此处在句中作目的状语,主语You与动词see为主动关系,故填不定式的主动式to see。

(2)v.-ing形式。如果动词与所修饰的名词之间是主动关系,就要用v.-ing形式作定语;如果动词与其

逻辑主语之间是主动关系,就要用v.-ing形式作状语;如果动词与宾语之间是主动关系,就要用v.-ing形

式作宾补。除此之外,还要掌握那些后面必须跟v.-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语):suggest, imagine, enjoy, risk, practise, finish, look forward to, insist on, feel like, get down to等。

典例4 (2017课标全国Ⅱ)This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.

解析laying 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语为This, 谓语动词included后由and

连接了三个动名词作宾语:digging,lay-ing与building。

(3)动词的-ed形式。如果动词与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系, 就要用v.-ed形式作定语;如果动词

与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系,就要用v.-ed形式作状语;如果动词与宾语之间是被动关系,就要用v.-ed

形式作宾补。

典型5 (2016课标全国Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the

mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit car-ing for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.

解析 permitted permit与从句中的谓语动词was不是并列关系,因此是非谓语动词作后置定语,修

饰名词reporter,两者之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。

实战演练（三）

1.(2018课标全国Ⅱ,61)Since 2011, the country (grow)more corn than rice.

答案has grown句意:自2011年以来,中国种植玉米的数量超过了水稻。本题考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中时间状语Since 2011可知,此处使用现在完成时,且主语为单数,故填has grown。

2.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,69)True to gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal (mean)me no real harm.

答案meant句意:大猩猩确实有不好斗的本性,那只巨大的动物并不是真的要伤害我。本题考查时态。根据上下文可知,本空用一般过去时,故填meant。

3.(2018课标全国Ⅰ,63)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of (die)early by running.

答案dying 句意:你可能饮酒、吸烟、超重,而且你仍然可以通过跑步降低过早死亡的危险。本题

考查非谓语动词。介词(of)后须用动名词形式作宾语,根据提示词die可知设空处填dying

4.(2018课标全国Ⅱ,64)Another reason for corn’s rise:The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice (im-prove)water quality.

答案to improve句意:玉米产量增长的另一个原因是:政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来提高水质。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。此处“提高水质”为鼓励农民种玉米的目的,故使用动词不定式作

目的状语。

5.(2018课标全国Ⅱ,70)China’s approach to protecting its environ-ment while (feed)its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,”says the bank’s Juer-gen Voegele.

答案feeding本题考查非谓语动词作状语。名词China和动词feed构成逻辑上的主动关系,故使用

现在分词作时间状语。

6.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,64,65)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid (look)directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel (challenge).

答案looking;challenged句意:我迅速弯下身,低下头以避免直视它的眼睛使它不会感到受到了挑战。第一空考查非谓语动词作宾语。动词avoid后须用动名词形式作宾语且look与主语I为逻辑上的主

动关系,故填动名词looking。第二空考查非谓语动词作表语。主语he与challenge(挑战)为逻辑上的

被动关系,故填过去分词形式challenged。

7.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,70)Once his message was delivered,he allowed me (stay)and watch.

答案to stay句意:一旦它的信息传递了,它就允许我待在那里观察(它们)。本题考查非谓语动词作

宾补。allow后须加不定式作宾补;又因为宾语me与stay为逻辑上的主动关系,故填to stay。

8.(2017课标全国Ⅰ,63)They are required (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and

for several other bodily functions.

答案to process be required to do sth. 为固定搭配。

9.(2017课标全国Ⅰ,64)When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.

答案are removed句意:当把脂肪和盐从食物中去掉时,食物尝起来就好像缺少了什么。fat and salt

和动词 remove 是被动关系,故此处应使用被动语态,故正确答案为 are removed。

10.(2016课标全国Ⅲ,69)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and (be) too violent for use at the table.

答案were由并列连词and连接宾语从句中的两个并列谓语和would remind可知用be动词的过去式,又因knives为第三人称复数形式,故用were。

考点2无提示词类填空

(一)冠词、代词和介词

冠词的考查主要是考查冠词的特指和泛指用法;冠词+形容词+名词;the+最高级;the用于双方都知道的人或物前。设空处在句中充当主语或宾语时,考虑用代词。主格代词:I, we, you, he, she, they, it;宾格代词:me, us, you, him, her, them, it;形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, his, her, their, its;名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs;反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, themselves, itself;不定代词: one, other, another等。找出设空处代词指代的是什么,并根据各自的指代特点确定答案。it充当形式主语或形式宾语也是考查的重点。

对介词的考查主要是考查常见介词in、at、on、for、with、without、beyond、under、through等的本质含义,另外一个重点是考查介词在固定搭配中的用法。

典例1 (2018课标全国Ⅱ)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.

解析 the 本题考查冠词。句意:在过去的25年里,玉米的产量已经激增了将近125%,而水稻的产量只增长了7%。over the past 25 years(在过去的25年里)为固定搭配。

典例2 (2018课标全国Ⅰ)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give70 a try.

解析句意:如果你时间不充裕,你只需要花费其他运动一半的时间跑步便可获得同样的收益,因此我们应该试一试跑步。设空处作give的宾语,需填名词或代词,因此用it代替上文中的running或直接填running作宾语。

实战演练（四）

1.(2018课标全国Ⅱ,65)Corn uses less water rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)run-off.

答案than句意:玉米用水量比水稻少,造成更少的化肥流失。本题考查介词。根据句中的less可知,此处表示比较,故使用介词than。

2.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,62)Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at top of her lungs.

答案the句意:出乎意料的是,我正与那只大猩猩面对面,它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。本题考查冠词。at the top of one’s lungs意为“声嘶力竭地”。

3.(2017课标全国Ⅲ,68)After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree engineering or architecture.

答案in a degree in...表示“某专业的学位”,专业前用介词in。

4.(2017课标全国Ⅱ,67)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using every day.

答案it it指代the railway。

5.(2017课标全国Ⅰ,61)This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) a method of fighting heart disease...

答案as分析句子结构可知,此处表示“作为”,所以填as。

6.(2017课标全国Ⅰ,65)As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.

答案a as a result为固定搭配,意为“因此,结果”。

7.(2016课标全国Ⅰ,64)But my connection with pandas goes back my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s...

答案to考查固定搭配。go back to意为“(时间)回溯到……”。

(二)定语从句

高考对定语从句的考查集中在对关系代词和关系副词的考查上。首先要研读分析整个题干,找出定语从句和其修饰的先行词,然后分析定语从句的结构,找出从句中缺少的成分,这是至关

重要的一步。

1.关系代词引导的定语从句。如果从句中缺少主语、宾语,就要用关系代词:that(指人或物),which(指物),who/whom(指人);如果设空处后面是名词,而设空处单词作定语,就要用关系代词whose。

典例1 (2018课标全国Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014

66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.

解析句意:该报告的其中两名作者在2014年还发表了一项研究,这项研究表明每天只跑步5至10分钟便可以降低患心脏病或由于各种原因导致过早死亡的危险。本题考查定语从句。先行词为study,指“物”;将先行词代入定语从句后为:The study showed a mere five to 10 minutes...,由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。

典例2 (2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔一模)The video, 64 length was just 7 seconds, has been viewed more than 19 million times in just two days.

解析句意:仅仅两天内,这段只有7秒钟的视频浏览量就达到了1900多万次。设空处在定语从句中作定语,修饰名词length,故用关系代词whose。

2.关系副词引导的定语从句。如果从句中缺少时间、地点或原因状语,那就要用关系副词when、where、why。

典例3 (2018黑龙江大庆质检)Admission to Loyola University 68 she earned a BA in English was a turning point for her.

解析句意:进入她获得英语文学士学位的Loyola大学是她的一个转折点。先行词为Loyola University,定语从句中缺少地点状语,故由关系副词where引导从句。

3.如果设空处前有介词的话,那就是考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,修饰的先行词是人,那就用whom,修饰的先行词是物, 那就用which。

典例4 (2018东北三省三校一模)The Great Wall has been rebuilt over various dynasties, the majority of 63 is from the Ming Dynasty (1368—1644).

解析句意:长城在多个朝代中被重建,大部分是从明朝(1368—1644)开始的。逗号前为主句,逗号后为非限制性定语从句,关系代词指代逗号前面的内容,且位于介词of之后,故用关系代词which。

实战演练（五）

1.(2018课标全国Ⅱ,69)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing pro-gram gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.

答案that/which本题考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为program,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,

故使用关系代词that或which。

2.(2018陕西宝鸡质检,65)Then, a fire, broke out in 1969 on C leveland’s Guyahoga River, shed light on the problem of chemical pollution in water.

答案which句意:后来,一场大火阐明了水的化学污染问题,这场大火于1969年发生于克利夫兰的

凯厄浩伽河。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系代词指代先行词a fire,故填which。

3.(2018内蒙古呼伦贝尔一模,70)“Learn through use” is a good piece of advice for those are studying a new language.

答案who句意:对于正在学习一门新语言的人而言,“学以致用”是一条好的建议。先行词为those,定语从句中缺少主语,指学习新语言的人,故填关系代词who。those作为先行词,指“人”时,关

系代词不能用that。

4.(2018宁夏六盘山一模,50)I am already looking forward to their next visit I can show them more of what Seville offers and what I am still yet to discover.

答案when句意:我已经期待他们的下一次来访,到那时我可以向他们展示塞维利亚提供的更多的

东西以及我尚未发现的东西。根据句意可知their next visit是先行词,先行词在定语从句中作时间状语,故答案为when。

5.(2017课标全国Ⅲ,64)But Sarah, has taken part in shows a-long with top models, wants...

答案who分析句子结构可知,先行词为Sarah,指“人”,从句中缺少主语且从句前有逗号,故此处应填入关系代词 who。

6.(2017课标全国Ⅰ,70)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, is not good for the health.

答案which分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,设空处指代逗号前面的内容,且在从

句中作主语,故填关系代词which。

(三)名词性从句

名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。研读题干分析句子结构,关键是找到句子的谓语动词。引导名词性从句的连接词可以从两方面解决:第一,准确把握题干,翻译句意,确定设空处应该用哪个连接词;第二,根据设空处连接词在从句中充当的成分判断应该用哪个连接词。如

果从句意思完整、结构正确,就用that引导;如果从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语,就要用what引导高

考对名词性从句的考查主要集中在对that和what的考查上。

典例1 (2018广西南宁高一一模)It is 61 is written on the signs inside the bus that has people talking. 解析句意:是公共汽车内写在指示牌上的东西让大家谈论起来。本题考查主语从句。本句为强调句,强调了句子的主语。主语从句中缺主语,故使用what。

典例2 (2018辽宁沈阳一模)Locating interesting things, Darwin wondered a great deal about 46 he saw.

解析句意:找到有趣的东西后,Darwin非常想知道他看到的是什么。设空处引导宾语从句,从句中缺

少宾语,指“物”,故由what引导宾语从句。

实战演练（六）

1.(2018陕西渭南质检,67)Actually, children learn violent behavior from adults or from they see on television or on the Internet.

答案what句意:事实上,孩子们是从大人身上或者在电视或者网络上看到的东西上学到暴力行为的。介词from后接宾语从句,从句中see后缺少宾语,指代事物,故由what引导该从句。

2.(2018陕西高三四模,61)Do you know a story gets into the newspaper?

答案how句意:你知道一个新闻(事件)是如何刊登在报纸上的吗?根据语境可知由how引导宾语从句,表示方式。

3.(2018甘肃西北师大附中三诊,49)Many people say they are impressed by how interesting the show is

and they can't stop laughing when they watch it.

答案that句意:这个节目如此有趣,很多人说对它印象深刻,并且观看时笑声不断。and连接了两个

并列的宾语从句,从句结构完成,故由that引导。that连接两个并列的宾语从句时,第一个从句中的that

可省略,但是第二个从句中的that不可省略。

4.(2018哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁实验中学二模,64)Some people told stories about old times, and others wrote down they remembered.

答案what句意:有人讲出了过去的故事,而其他人则写下他们所记得的事情。wrote down后为宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,代指事物,故由what引导从句。

5.(2018广西高三4月模拟,68)People are able to see the Chinese technologies of the time, which helps them a great deal in under-standing the Chinese lived.

答案how句意:人们能够看到这个时期的中国技术,这非常有助于他们理解中国人是如何生活的。本句考查宾语从句。宾语从句中缺状语,结合句意使用连接副词how。

6.(2018云南曲靖一中高考复习检测七,44)A customer-in-need can then later ask there is a “suspended coffee” available and have a hot drink without having to pay for it.

答案whether/if句意:之后有需要的顾客询问有没有可以饮用的“待用咖啡”,而且不用花钱就可以喝一杯热饮料。本题考查宾语从句。引导宾语从句表“是否”须用连词whether或if。

7.(2018四川遂宁高三三诊,62)You would never think that a country located in the corner of the world would be so multi-cultural, but you really don't realize different it is until you arrive.

答案how句意:你绝不会想到位于世界一角的国家会拥有如此多元的文化,但是不到(那里),你是不会意识到它是多么不同的。本题考查宾语从句。此处需要修饰形容词different的连接副词,根据句意可确定答案为how。

(四)连词和状语从句

1.连词。连词可以连接单词、短语和句子,根据设空处前后在语义上的关系(并列、转折、递进、因果、选择、对比),选定所需要的连词:and, but, so, while等。

典例1 (2016课标全国Ⅲ)In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea,61 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

解析考查并列连词。and连接几个并列的国家名字:China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam。

2.状语从句。分析句子结构,找出主句和从句。研读题干,翻译句意,根据句意判断属于哪一类状语从句,选定所需要的连词。状语从句有:时间状语从句(when, while, as, since)、条件状语从句(if, unless, as/so long as)、原因状语从句(because, as, since)、地点状语从句(where)、让步状语从句(although, though, while, even if/though, no matter+疑问词)等。

典例2 (2016课标全国Ⅲ)Over time, 65 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.

解析根据语境可知,此处用as/when引导时间状语从句。

实战演练（七）

1.(2018辽宁沈阳市郊联体一模,62)The teahouse has become a place for people to not only drink tea and relax, experience Chinese culture, hold social activities, host private parties and con-

duct business negotiations.

答案but句意:对于人们而言,茶馆不仅成为喝茶、放松的地方,而且成为体验中国文化、举办社会

活动、承办私人宴会以及进行商业谈判的地方。not only...but (also)...不仅……而且……,为常用的并

列结构。

2.(2018重庆4月调研,64)The fastest US computer, Titan, is ranked fifth Europe’s speediest computer is Switzerland’s Piz Daint, ranked third.

答案and/while句意:美国最快的计算机Titan排名第五,(而)欧洲最快的计算机是瑞士的Piz Daint,

排名第三。两个分句之间为并列关系,可用并列连词and,也可用并列连词while,表示两者之间的对比。

3.(2018东北师大附中、吉林一中等五校联合模拟,66)Despite this, some people became so absorbed in

the activity they completely forgot to check the clock.

答案that句意:尽管如此,一些人变得太专注于这项活动,以至于他们完全忘记看表了。so...that...为

常用句型,意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。

4.(2018黑龙江大庆质检,66)Though reading a lot, according to Sandra, she didn’t really start

writing she attended her first creative writing class in college.

答案until句意:据Sandra所说,自己虽然读了很多书,但是直到大学上第一节创意写作课时才真正

开始写作。not...until...直到……才……,until引导时间状语从句。

5.(2018陕西宝鸡一调,63)No sooner had he got to the laboratory he set out to do the experiment.

答案than句意:他一进入实验室就开始着手做实验。no sooner...than...表示“一……就……”,为固定

句型,当no sooner位于句首时,表示强调,这时主句要倒装。

6.(2018宁夏银川4月质检,67)The first thing she did she got up every morning was to water the

tulip(郁金香).

答案after句意:每天早上,她起床后所做的第一件事就是给郁金香浇水。根据句意可知此处引导时

间状语从句,表示“在……之后”,故由after引导。

7.(2018四川成都高三二诊,66)But you haven’t yet fully adapted to the local broth, you’d bette r choose a non-spicy broth, or go for a less spicy option.

答案if句意:但是,如果你还没有完全适应当地的肉汤,你最好选择不辣或者微辣的(肉汤)。引导条

件状语从句使用连词if。

高中英语语法易错题专题复习练习

高中英语语法易错题专题复习练习 1. My uncle bought me ___ MP4 as my birthday present yesterday. A. an B. a C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】此题题意为“叔叔昨天给我买了一个MP4 作为生日礼物”，故答案在A 和B 中选择，MP4 的首字母M 发音为元音，和首字母M 是辅音没有关系，故答案为A。 2. We decided to buy the flat because there was ____ underground station within walking distance and we could both take ___ underground to work. A. a, an B. an, an C. the, \ D. an, the 【答案】D 【解析】此题第一个空根据句意判断有一个地铁站，又根据underground 的发音 判断首字母发元音，故答案为an；第二个空考查乘地铁的两种说法by underground & take an underground，但是此处考查的是特指乘公寓附近的这个地铁去上班， 故要填the，综合两空答案为D 3. Gold is similar __ color ___ brass（黄铜）.

A. in, with B. in, to C. of, with D. of, to 【答案】B 【解析】此题考查similar 的搭配， A be similar to B ，相似于 A be the same with B，有一定混淆性，另外表达在某方面相似，搭配介词in，故答案为B。 4. What a dangerous scene! A car has missed the boy playing on the roadside __ only an inch. A. within B. for C. by D. at 【答案】C 【解析】本题题意为“一辆车差一点撞到那个在路边玩耍的男孩”，容易误导学生错选 A ，表示在一英寸以内，而真实意思是差一英尺，在英语中表示增长、降低、或者差距的正确表达是by+数字，故答案为C。 5. The girl has some balloons in her hand. One is red, ___ are yellow. A. others B. another C. the other D. the rest 【答案】D 【解析】此题题意为“那个女孩手上有一些气球，一个是红色的，其余的是黄色

高一英语语法填空专题练习

高一英语语法填空专题练习 (10篇) （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 一 once there lived a rich man 31 wanted to do something for the people of his town. 32 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 33 very large stone. Then he 34 (hide ) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. 35 man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 36 . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 37 (say) to himself: “The night 38 (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 39 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 40 the stone, he found a bag of money. 二· Crying marriage? 31 (surprise), isn’t it? Factually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province, and 32 (remain) in fashion 33 the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a 34 (necessary) to marriage procedure. It is very much 35 same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. 36 , the bride’s neighbors would look down upon 37 as a poorly cultivated girl and she would become the laughingstock of the village. In fact, there were cases 38 which the bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony. In a word, crying at wedding is a 39 by custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words. However, in the 40 (arrange) marriages of the old days of China, there were indeed quite a lot of brides who cried over their unsatisfactory marriage and even their miserable life. 三 In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are neccessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear ______31________spoken.. Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation. _____32_______ ,we must be able to read the language , and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct. There is no easy way to success _____33_______ language learning. _____34________ good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only _____35________(memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long list of words and ______36_________meaning, studying the dictionary

高中英语语法填空专题训练和答案

Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.countries 【答案】countryother修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故是可数名词，此处由【解析】考查名词。countries. 填67. more 【答案】than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级考查比较级。根据句中的【解析】more. 表示更多的人，故填68. Luckily 【答案】“”Luckily. ，故填【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指幸运的是69. has changed 【答案】over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语has changed. 语是单数，故填70. spoken 【答案】Englishspeak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填和动词【解析】考查过去分词。． spoken. 71. from 【答案】be different from“…”from. ，是固定短语。故填和【解析】考查固定短语。不同72. especially 【答案】especial“”especially“”。特殊的，特别的是副词是形容词；尤其，特别【解析】考查副词。“”especially. ，故填尤其，特别此处指新的定居者丰富了英语，尤其是它的词汇。表示73. when 【答案】“…”，从句时态是过去时，故填当【解析】考查连词。此处引导时间状语从句，表示时候when. 74. or 【答案】or. 【解析】考查连词。此处表示选择，指作为第一语言或第二语言被说，故填 75. largest 【答案】【解析】考查形容词最高级。因为中国人口最多所以说英语的人也最多，此处由the修饰用 I had just visited my best friend in hospital with my mum,___41___hadn't seen my friend since she'd gone into hospital six months earlier. I knew where she was coming from as she was___42___(grave)ill, but as I'd been visiting her every week I had stopped seeing the obvious; my friend___43___(lose)most of her body weight

高中英语语法易错题训练含答案

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