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2015年暨南大学英语翻译基础考研真题,考研重点,真题解析,考研心态

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2015年暨南大学考研指导

育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试

《英语翻译基础》考试大纲

一．考试目的

《英语翻译基础》是全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试的基础课考试科目，其目的是考察考生的外汉互译实践能力是否达到进入MIT 学习阶段的水平。

二、考试性质及范围：

本考试是测试考生是否具备基础翻译能力的尺度参照性水平考试。考试的范围包括MTI 考生入学应具备的外语词汇量、语法知识以及外汉两种语言转换的基本技能。

三、考试基本要求

1.具备一定中外文化，以及政治、经济、法律等方面的背景知识。

2.具备扎实的外汉两种语言的基本功。

3.具备较强的外汉/汉外转换能力。

四、考试形式

本考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方法，强调考生的外汉/汉外转换能力。试题分类参见“考试内容一览表”。

五、考试内容：

本考试包括二个部分：词语翻译和外汉互译。总分150分。

I.词语翻译

1.考试要求

要求考生准确翻译中外文术语或专有名词。

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2.题型

要求考生较为准确地写出题中的30个汉/外术语、缩略语或专有名词的对应目的语。汉/外文各15个，每个1分，总分30分。考试时间为60分钟。

II.外汉互译

1.考试要求

要求应试者具备外汉互译的基本技巧和能力；初步了解中国和目的语国家的社会、文化等背景知识；译文忠实原文，无明显误译、漏译；译文通顺，用词正确、表达基本无误；译文无明显语法错误；外译汉速度每小时250-350个外语单词，汉译外速度每小时150-250个汉字。

2.题型

要求考生较为准确地翻译出所给的文章，外译汉为250-350个单词，汉译外为150-250个汉字，各占60分，总分150分。考试时间为180分钟。《英语翻译基础》考试内容一览表

序号题型

题量分值时间（分钟）1词语

翻译外译汉

15个外文术语、缩略语或专有名词1530汉译外

15个中文术语、缩略语或专有名词15302

外汉互译外译汉

两段或一篇文章，250-350个单词。6060汉译外两段或一篇文章，150-250个汉字。6060总计————

150180

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这里所指的捷径并不是“速成班”、“点金法”，而

是合理步骤，让你能够达到“事半功倍”。相信现在还有很多同学仍然没有确定自己的目标专业院校，一直抱着等等看或者船到桥头自然直的态度，就这么在摸索中复习着。虽然，我们也是在学习，在进步，但是这种指向性不明确针对性不准确的复习，肯定会消耗掉我们的一些精力和时间。只有目标明确，才能有的放矢，事半功倍。

尽早确定目标专业院校

有很多同学认识不到目标对于行为指导的意义，以及对成功的重大影响力，也有同学自认为确定了目标，具体问了才知道原来所谓的目标就是考研，这个目标太宽泛了，指导不了我们的行为，起码不能很好的指导我们。那么，什么样的目标才是合适的呢？确定的目标专业院校，通俗点说，只有确定了这些，才知道光在哪里，才知道劲儿往哪里使。针对这一点，提醒考生要进行资源整合，并制定相应的学习计划。因为知道该往哪里努力之后，接下来就需要大家动嘴动脑，甚至“动手动脚”了。动嘴就是要多问问老师或者学长，问问目标专业院校的情况，包括报录比、导师、传统、专业材料等一系列信息，当然，这也可以通过网上信息查询。动脑就需要大家想想通向目标的路上，有多少阻碍，如何克服。“动手动脚”，就是需要同学们眼疾手快，良好的信息捕捉能力及掌握能力，有时候条件允许最好能够到报考学校亲身感受。

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“捷径”不是康庄大道

考研的捷径并不是畅通无阻的康庄大

道，而是布满荆棘的羊肠小路。考研复习很

苦很累，这毕竟是一个让你从懒散的大学生

活一下子过渡到紧张学习的过程，有一定的

难度。考研不仅是学习能力的锻炼，更是心

理素质的考验，这两者缺一不可。在复习过

程中，心态尤为重要，考研生活很枯燥乏味，有的时候真的很容易让人放弃，这个时候就看你如何调节自己的情绪了，和朋友聊天，出去散心都是很好调节心情的方法。实在学不进去了，也不要逼迫自己去学，那样只会适得其反。同时，在复习的过程中，不要询问你身边同学的复习进度，这样只会给自己压力，做好自己的就可以了，别人的都不要理睬，当然不会的问题在一起相互交流下还是很好的。

一路下来，无论你到最后复习的怎么样，都要坚持下来，因为坚持到底就是胜利，无论你最后是考上了还是没有考上，都不会有遗憾，因为已经努力过了，顺利走了过来，即使没有考上，你也学到了很多知识，心理素质也得到了锻炼，对自己影响还是很大的。考研也是一种经历，是人生中很难忘的回忆。坚持，终会笑到最后。

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在日常生活中，不知有没有察觉到，都存在一些影响效率的坏

习惯。本来可以按时完成工作的，可是这些习惯却使我们的效

率和产量低下。那么对于考研备考，你是否也存在着拖沓、粗

心的一些坏习惯呢？2015的考研同学，为了提升复习效率，取得考研成果，那从现在起就请和与坏习惯绝交。

一、考研切莫跟风，不要三分钟热度

很多考生之所以失败了，就是没有控制力。学了一阵儿之后就想玩儿，看别人出去购物了，出去玩儿了就想跟着走，即使没有走，坐在那里也学不进去，浮想联翩。这类学生绝对不在少数，对于绝大部分同学而言，自制力似乎是大家最为欠缺的东西，或者说大家做事总喜欢三分

钟热度。很多同学一开

始复习时往往雄心壮

志一箩筐，但坚持一两

个星期后便叫苦不迭，

然后就东一榔头西一

棒子地翻书，效率和结

果自然是惨不忍睹。这

类考生首先在态度上

就存在偏差，考研不是闹着玩，大家要摆正态度再能把心思放在考研复习上。

同时，我们的考研辅导专家表示，目前学科交叉的趋势越来越明显，加上越来越多新兴学科的出现，跨专业考研数量增多是正常现象。但“隔行如隔山”，跨专业报考的难度系数在考

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研中是最大的，盲目跨专业有“满盘皆输”的危险。考生如果基本功不扎实，即使考上研究生也会出现就业难，有些跨专业学生还在专业学习上出现了严重的“水土不服”、“消化不良”。所以一再提醒，考生应该对跨专业考研的情势进行冷静的分析，综合考虑自身的经济状况、职业规划、追求目的、利弊得失等情况“对症下药”。

二、考研复习初期莫打“疲劳战”

在整个考研复习过程中，最关键的一点

就是要保持一如既往的平静心态，好的心态

可以让我们事半功倍!提醒考生，在复习时

要注意劳逸结合，放弃疲劳战术，有计划地

锻炼身体，做到放松身体而不放松意志。

或许大家会觉得疑惑，由于复习初期无

法适应高强度的复习，所以大家的身体已经

很疲惫了，为什么还要锻炼呢?很多考生正

是因为之前不注意锻炼，身体无法承载高强

度的学习，才使得自己没有太多的精力和体力面度复习。身体素质对考研人来说是非常重要的，所以大家可以依据身体情况适当地进行锻炼，比如可以每天早上6：15起床，慢跑15分钟，然后再去吃饭和自习。锻炼需要的时间并不多，却可以带来身体上的充实感和极好的精神状态。很多成功考生的实践证明，健康的身体是考研的保障。

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紧迫感会贯穿复习的始末，张弛有度才能让考生坚持下来，这就要求考生合理分配疲劳期的时间。提醒考生，考研复习需要坚定的信念和意志力，它需要你不断地坚持，才能看到胜利的曙光。而且，考研复习的内容可以用海量来形容，所以学习时间是非常紧凑的，所以大家在投入复习之前首先要把心态调整好。首先要给自己一个缓冲的时间，让自己慢慢进入学习状态，不要一上来就把自己扔在书桌前，这样势必会让自己产生厌学的情绪，不利于学习。然后，就要遵照一个循序渐进的过程学习，慢慢加大学习力度。总之，复习初期，不要轻易陷入“疲劳战”中，这样会给后面的复习带来恶性循环。

三、考研复习切莫“马大哈”

很多同学复习时，遇到相对比较晦涩的内容，就选择放弃，或者想放到以后再解决。但其实最初的学习一定要把书本吃透，只有把复习资料一字不落地看一遍，才能在脑中形成完整的提纲，这样在后期学习时才能将脉络理清，也方便于后期的查缺补漏。考研的复习资料的确有些枯燥，但大家可以稍微“苦中作

乐”，例如政治的复习，大家就可

以自编顺口溜，方便记忆，这样的

创意大家还可以在网上同朋友共

享，既帮助大家学习，也可以交流

一下心得。复习初期一定不要手懒，

建议考生准备一本复习日记，每日

将自己复习的内容记下来，慢慢积累多了，便会非常有成就感，同时可以帮助监督自己的复习进度。

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四、考研复习莫要“明日复明日”

2014考研已结束，2015考研近在咫尺，考生不免诸多感慨，有的还沉浸在紧张的情绪中无所适从，有的是对结果不满意而有些抑郁，建议考生，现阶段应总结经验，向着新的目标前进，不论有什么打算都要提早做好准备，莫要“拖延症”作祟，须知“明日复明日，明日何其多。”现阶段，大家要确定新目标，制定新计划，马不停蹄，奔向未来。

新目标代表着努力的方向，建议大家在确定新的目标之前，首先对自己做一个全面的分析，问问自己是否还要坚持考研?是否此次失利是由于自身努力不够?是否对考研还怀抱信念?如果答案全部都是肯定的，那么毫无疑问，你一定要鼓起勇气，再战考场，杀一个漂亮的回马枪。建议考生新计划的制定要从眼下开始，在我们的复习计划中还应对每个阶段应该做什么都有个详细的说明，例如，在最初的基础阶段，我要把政治的所有内容详细地看一遍，滴水不漏，对整个学科的框架有个大体的印象。有明确的步骤才能将计划详尽地实施。

有了目标，有了计划，再加上十成的决心和信心，相信大家一定能冲破心理瓶颈，不管现阶段心情是低迷期也好，亢奋期也罢，希望大家能够正视自己，辩证分析自己，总结经验，马不停蹄冲向未来。

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2015考研英语一阅读理解逐句翻译

2015 Text 1 Paragraph 1 1、King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted ?kings don`t abdicate, they die in their sleep.? But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. 西班牙国王胡安?卡洛斯曾说?国王不会退位，他们逝世于睡眠中?。但是最近几次欧洲大选中，丑闻盛行、共和党人大受欢迎迫使胡安?卡洛斯收回之前的言论，并被迫退位。 1.1 abdicate英/'?bd?ke?t/ 美/'?bd?ket/vt. 退位；放弃vi. 退位；放弃 1.2 scandal英/'sk?nd(?)l/ 美/'sk?ndl/n. 丑闻；流言蜚语；诽谤；公愤 2、So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle? 如此说来，西班牙的危机是否表明君主制已到穷途末路？是否意味着欧洲皇室以及他们锦衣玉食的生活走向末路已无可更改？ 2.1 monarchy英 /'m?n?k?/ 美/'mɑn?ki/n. 君主政体；君主国；君主政治 2.2 the writing is on the wall某事将失败的不祥预兆 2.3 royal英/'r???l/ 美/'r???l/n. 王室；王室成员adj. 皇家的；盛大的；女王的；高贵的；第一流的 2.4 magnificent英/m?g'n?f?s(?)nt/ 美/m?g'n?f?snt/adj. 高尚的；壮丽的；华丽的；宏伟的 2.5 majestic英 /m?'d?est?k/ 美/m?'d??st?k/adj. 庄严的；宏伟的 Paragraph 2 1、The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. 西班牙的事例既提供了支持君主制的论据，也提供了反对君主制的论据。 2、When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above ?mere? politics and ?embody? a spirit of national unity.这时公众意见呈现出两极分化，弗 2.1 particularly英/p?'t?kj?l?l?/ 美/p?'t?kj?l?l?/adv. 特别地，独特地；详细地，具体地；明确地，细致地 2.2 polarise 英/’p??l?ra?z/ 美/’p?ul?raiz/vt. 极化（等于polarize）polarize英/'p?ul?raiz/ 美/'pol?'ra?z/vt. （使）极化；（使）偏振；（使）两极分化vi. 极化；偏振；两极分化 2.3 regime英 /re?'?i?m/ 美/re'?im/n. 政权，政体；社会制度；管理体制 2.4 monarch英 /'m?n?k/ 美/'mɑn?k/n. 君主，帝王；最高统治者 Paragraph 3 1、It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs` continuing popularity polarized. 正是这次明显的超越对君主作为国家元首继续流行做出了解释。 1.1 transcendence英/tr?n'send?ns/ 美/tr?n'send?ns/n. 超越；卓越；超然存在 2、And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). 正因如此，除中东外，欧洲是世界上君主制最盛行的地区，有10位国王（梵蒂冈和安道尔不算在内）。 2.1 infested adj. 为患的，大批滋生的（常与with搭配）v. 害虫、野兽大批出没于( infest的过去式和过去分词)；遍布于 3、But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure. 但是，与海湾地区和亚洲的专制国家不同，欧洲皇室能够留存下来，是因为他们让选民免于苦心孤诣地寻找一个没有争议且受尊崇的公众人物。 3.1 absolutist英/'?bs?lu:tist/ 美/'?bs?lu:tist/n. 绝对论者；专制主义者 Paragraph 4 1、Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. 即使如此，毋庸臵疑君主还是在衰落。 1.1 ownside英 /'da?nsa?d/ 美/'da?nsa?d/n. 负面，缺点；下降趋势；底侧adj. 底侧的 2、Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today – embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. 即使他们声称自己是国家统一的象征，但他们的历史和今日的行为方式都代表着他们享有的特权和他们身上体现出的不公平已经过时，且站不住脚。

考研英语一翻译真题汇总

1990 年英译汉试题 People have wondered for a long time how their personalities，and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not，or why one is cooperative and another is competitive. Social scientists are，of course，extremely interested in these types of questions. (61)They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet，but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect，the two approaches are very different from each other. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as‖nature vs. nurture‖. (62)Those who support the ―nature‖side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. (63)That our environment has little， if anything，to do with our abilities，characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. 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